中考英語重難點語法知識專項之定語從句深度解讀課件

定語從句什么是定語從句？?定語：修飾名詞/代詞，位置緊貼名詞，可前可后。（翻譯為“……的”）?定語從句:從句作定語,修飾名詞/代詞，定語從句是置于某一名詞/代詞后面并對其起修飾作用的完整句子。首先，我們先要弄清楚什么是定語，什么可以充當定語？充當定語的成分充當定語的成分形容詞Sheisawarm-heartedteacher.她是個熱心的老師。代詞Sheismyteacher.她是我的老師。前置定語Itisanappletree.名詞充當定語的成分Sheistheteacherwithbeautifulbigeyes.她是一位有著又大又美麗眼睛的老師。介詞短語不定式Sheisthe

teachertogetonwith.她是個好相處的老師。從句Sheistheteacherwhosingsbeautifully.后置定語她是個唱歌很好聽的老師。Ihaveaclassteacher,Sophia.Look!TheteacherwearingareddressisSophia.Sheisafriendlyteacher.Sheistheonewithbeautifullongcurlyblackhair.Afterschool,sheisthelastonetoleaveheroffice.Thisistheteacherwhowelove.充當定語的成分欣賞含有定語從句的名言：Laughteristhesunthatdriveswinterfromthehumanface.笑是太陽，它從人們的臉上趕走冬天。Don’ttrustthefirstsignthatyousee.不要相信你看見的第一個跡象。Allisnotgoldthatglitters.發(fā)光的未必都是金子。Nothingisimpossibletothemanwhohaswill.世上無難事，只怕有心人。Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.自助者天助。先行詞+關系詞+句子定語從句的結構先行詞關系詞句子需要被修的名詞或代詞。引導定語從句的詞。陳述句(主語在前,動詞在后)。Ilovesingerswhowritetheirownmusic.先行詞關系詞定語從句請指出下面句子中的先行詞以及定語從句1.Heisa2.Thisisa3.Iknowthe4.Xi'anisagood5.Canyoutellmethe6.Iremembertheseboyreasondogplacedaysboywholikesbeautifulgirls.wholikesbeautifulgirls.dogwhichlikeseatingmeat.whichlikeseatingmeat.boywhomteachersalllike.boywhomteachersalllike.wheretherearemanydeliciousfoods.wheretherearemanydeliciousfoods.whyhequiteschool.whyhequiteschool.reasonwhenwewerefriends.dayswhenwewerefriends.place定語從句的關系詞關系詞關系代詞關系副詞人物誰的時間地點who/whomwhichwhosewhenwherethat由先行詞決定原因Why(forthereason)介+which關系詞的作用關系詞引導定語從句替代先行詞在從句中充當成分Heisaboywhombeautifulgirlslike.Heisaboy/beautifulgirlslikeaboy先行詞為“人”1.that:Heisastudentthatlikesreadingbooks.Heisastudentthatothershate.2.who:Ilikethegirlwhohaslonghair.3.whom:IknowtheboywhomMr.Wangistalkingwithnow.4.whose:Heisasoldierwhoseeyesareblue.總結：that在從句中做主語和賓語，who在從句中做主語，whom做賓語，whose后面加名詞關系詞及其用法先行詞為物1.that:Thedogthatalwaysbarkstomeisveryugly.Thedogthatthesechildrenisbeatingismine.2.which:Thefishwhichisswimminginthepoolwillbeourdinner.Thecatwhichsheisplayingwithismine.3.whose:Thebookwhosecoverisredisyours.總結：that用在從句中做主語和賓語，which用在從句中做主語和賓語，whose常常后面加名詞關系代詞用法總結關系代詞先行詞成分that物、人主語，賓語who人主語whom人賓語whose人、物定語（誰的，什么的）which物主語、賓語一定要記得哦1.Idon'tliketheboynameisTom.2.Thegirlisreadingabookismysister.3.Theoldmantheyaretalkingaboutisateacher.4.ThecatthedogishuntingforisTom's.5.Ilikeplayingwiththeboyeyesarebrown.6.ThefishbodyisredisfromAfrica.whosewhothatwhichwhosewhose寫出所缺的關系詞只用that的情況1.說法絕對：先行詞出現(xiàn)絕對性的描述，如唯一的（theonly）,每個人（everyone）,每件事（everything）,所有的（all）,沒有一個（none）,任何事（anything）,任何人（anyone）2.數(shù)字?？迹寒斚刃性~前有序數(shù)詞時，如thefirst,thesecond,其中thelast,也屬于這種情況。3.最高級：先行詞前形容詞最高級修飾時，也只能用that.此外：當先行詞是人和物一起的時候，關系代詞也要用that.九字真言：多少不一恰人物最序多少：從少到多

no/none/neither/little/few/alittle/afew/much/many/all/each/both不：不定代詞eg-everyone/someone/anyone/none一：唯一

theone/theonly恰：恰好

thevery/theright讓我康康誰還沒記筆記九字真言：多少不一恰人物最序人&物：

人+物

先行詞既有人又有物最：

最高級

形容詞最高級+先行詞序：

序數(shù)詞

序數(shù)詞+先行詞

讓我康康誰還沒記筆記1.ThisistheonlybookIcanfind.2.ThisisthebestbookIhaveeverread.3.Isthereanythingyoudon'tunderstand?4.Theboyandhisdogarewalkingalongthestreethavelosttheirway.thatthatthatthat寫出所缺的關系詞1.where：Iremembertheschoolwherewehadspent3years.2.when:Doyoustillrememberthesedayswhenwewerestudents.3.why:Canyoutellmethereasonwhyheleaveme.關系副詞在從句中做狀語關系副詞及其用法關系代詞和關系副詞的選擇1.Iknowthereasonwhyhelefthome.Iforgetthereasonthathehadtoldme.2.Istillrememberthesedayswhenwewerebestfriends.Istillrememberthesedaysthathehadforgottenalready.3.Thisistheschoolwherewehadleftagoodmemory.Thisistheschoolthatwasdestroyedin2006.判斷定語從句中到底是選擇關系代詞還是關系副詞，關鍵在于：去掉填的關系詞后，如果從句依然完整，則用關系副詞，如果缺少主語或賓語而使句子不完整，則使用關系代詞Heisagoodstudentwholikesreadingbooks.Iknowthereasonwhyhecametomyhome.Hestillremembersthecliffwherehejumped.來來來！不用松懈，趁熱再來幾道題1.Thereasonhecamehereisnotclear.2.Thesedayswelivedtogetherisunforgettable.3.Ilikegototheparkmanyoldmenplaysbasketballeveryday.4.Thisisthestationhehadtalkedabout.5.Idon'tunderstandthereasonhehadexplainedtome.whywhenwherewherewhy試一試將下列各句折成兩個簡單句。Ilikemusicthatisn’ttooloud.2.Iprefermusicthathasgreatlyrics.3.IlovemusicthatIcansingalongwith.4.IlikemusicthatIcandanceto.Ilikemusic.IlovemusicIlikemusic.Iprefermusic.Themusicisn’ttooloud.Themusichasgreatlyrics.Icansingalongwiththemusic.Icandancetothemusic.在定從句中that（關系代詞）作主語時，絕不允許被省略。that（關系代詞）作賓語時，可以被省略。That再試一試將下列各句拆成兩個簡單句。Tomlikesmusicianswhoplaydifferentkindsofmusic.2.Iwillinvitesomeonewholikesseriousmovies.3.Iadmiresuperherowhoalwayssavestheworldintime.4.ThemanwhovisitedourschoolisfromCanada.Tomlikesmusicians.Themusiciansplaydifferentkindsofmusic.Iwillinvitesomeone.Someonelikesseriousmovies.Iadmiresuperhero.Thesuperheroalwayssavestheworldintime.ThemanisfromCanada.Themanvisitedourschool.反過來再試一試將下列各句改成定語從句。Carmenlikeselectronicmusic.Themusicisloud.2.IwilllistentothisnewCD.IboughttheCDyesterday.3.Ilikesmoothmusic.Themusichelpsmerelax.4.Iprefermovies.Themoviescancheermeup.Carmenlikeselectronicmusicwhichisloud.Carmenlikeselectronicmusicthatisloud.IwilllistentothisnewCDwhichIboughtyesterday.IwilllistentothisnewCDthatIboughtyesterday.Ilikesmoothmusicwhichhelpsmerelax.Ilikesmoothmusicthathelpsmerelax.Iprefermovieswhich/thatcancheermeup.邊看，邊做(一)whose將下列句子譯成英語。1.這位白頭發(fā)的老人是他的爺爺。過程：譯句：2.我剛才看見一輛輪胎(wheels)被偷了的小車。過程：譯句：Theoldmanishisgrandpa.Theoldman’shairiswhite.Theoldmanwhosehairiswhiteishisgrandpa.Justnow,Isawacar.Thecar’swheelswasstolen.Justnow,Isawacarwhosewheelswasstolen.whose是代詞的所有格形式,它既可以代人也可以代物。

邊看，邊做(二)when將下列句子譯成英語。1.他已經(jīng)忘記了他是哪一天到重慶的了。過程：譯句：2.她將永遠不會忘記她結婚的那一天。過程：譯句：Hehasforgottentheday.HearrivedinChongqingonthatday.HehasforgottenthedaywhenhearrivedinCQ.Shewillneverforgettheday.Shewasmarriedonthatday.Shewillneverforgetthedaywhenshewasmarried.when作時間狀語:When=介詞+which。

Hehasforgottenthedayon

whichhearrivedinCQ.Shewillneverforgetthedayon

whichshewasmarried.邊看，邊做(三)where將下列句子譯成英語。1.這就是昨天發(fā)生交通事故的地方。過程：譯句：2.這就是我父母以前工作過的工廠。過程：譯句：Thisis

the

factory.Myparentsusedtoworkinthefactory.Thisisthefactorywheremyparentsusedtowork.Thisistheplace.Acaraccidenthappenedatthisplace./hereThisistheplacewhereacaraccidenthappened.where作地點狀語:Where=介詞+which。

Thisistheplaceatwhichacaraccidenthappened.Thisisthefactoryinwhichmyparentsusedtowork.邊看，邊做(四)why將下列句子譯成英語。1.我知道他說起那件事的原因。過程：譯句：2.這就是我遲到的原因。過程：譯句：Thisis

the

reason.Iwaslateforthereason.ThisisthereasonwhyIwaslate.Iknowthereason.Hesaiditforthereason.why作原因狀語,其先行詞常常是thereason,why=forwhich

Iknowthereasonforwhichhesaidit.ThisisthereasonforwhichIwaslate.Iknowthereasonwhyhesaidit.?定語從句:從句作定語,修飾名詞/代詞A.什么是定語從句？？？B.如何通過先行詞判斷定從？？？step1：確定定語從句step2：先行詞是人/物step3：引導從句缺主/賓/定本課總結出門小測出門小測()1.—Didyounotice______inheroffice?—Yes.Shewasgoingoverourwriting.A．whatwasMissLindoingB．whatMissLinwasdoingC．whatdoesMissLindoD．whatMissLindoes()2.—Couldyoutellme______forthefruit?—BypayingovertheInternet.A．howmuchwillIpayB．howmuchIwillpayC．howwillIpayD．howIwillpay()3.—Dearfriends，doyoustillremember______threeyearsago?—Torealizeourdreams!A．whyyoucamehereB．whydidyoucomehereC．howyoucamehereD．howdidyoucomehere()4.Roseiswondering______．A．whatisMattdoingB．wherehasJasongoneC．whenwillAaronleaveD．whodidthewashing()5.ZhongWeitoldhisfriends______tobebacktohishometown.A．howhappyheisB．howhappyhewasC．heishowhappyD．hewashowhappy()6.Excuseme，couldyoutellme______？A．whenhewasbornB．howfarisitfromhereC．whatdoeshelooklikeD．whereheleavesforyesterday7.WangYangmingisagreateducationalist_____

developedmost

ofhisthoughtsinXiuwen.A.whichB.whatC.whoD.when8.Mr.Brownisateacher_____isstrictwithallhisstudents.A.whichB.whoC.whereD.when9.Thebook_____Ireadlastnightwasfantastic.A.that

B.what

C.whose

D.who10.Chinaisgettingbetteratmakinghi-techproducts_____can

beboughtinallpartsoftheworld.A.who

B.which

C.whatD.wherePractisema