2024中考英語二輪復習 第二部分 專題二 第1講 名詞辨析(課件)

專

題

二用法豐富的名詞、形容詞和副詞第1講

名詞辨析3隨堂檢測（選擇填空、完形填空）2課標知識導圖1考情概覽課標知識導圖名詞辨析(10年42考)：①可數(shù)名詞及其單復數(shù)(10年29考)②只能修飾可數(shù)名詞的詞(組)

③不可數(shù)名詞(10年13考)

④名詞所有格

⑤專有名詞可數(shù)名詞及其單復數(shù)(10年29考)1.單數(shù)：(1)與不定冠詞a/an連用，如abird(2)作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式2.復數(shù)：可數(shù)名詞表示>1時用復數(shù)，其前不能加不定冠詞，作主語時謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式(1)規(guī)則變化1)加-s①parent→parents,book→books(2017A.51),thing→things,festival→festivals,feeling→feelings,result→results:一般情況加-s可數(shù)名詞及其單復數(shù)(10年2考)2.復數(shù)：可數(shù)名詞表示>1時用復數(shù)，其前不能加不定冠詞，作主語時謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式(1)規(guī)則變化1)加-s②joke→jokes,prize→prizes(2021A.49):以ce,ke,se,ze等結(jié)尾的詞加-s③boy→boys,toy→toys:以元音字母加-y結(jié)尾的詞加-s④radio→radios,zoo→zoos:以元音字母加-o結(jié)尾的詞加-s2)加-es①match→matches,bus→buses:以s,x,sh,ch等結(jié)尾的詞加-es(特例：stomach)可數(shù)名詞及其單復數(shù)(10年2考)2.復數(shù)：可數(shù)名詞表示>1時用復數(shù)，其前不能加不定冠詞，作主語時謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式(1)規(guī)則變化2)加-es②baby→babies,story→stories:以輔音字母加-y結(jié)尾的詞變y為i,再加-es③life→lives,leaf→leaves:以字母f/fe結(jié)尾的詞變f/fe為v,再加-es3)以輔音字母加-o結(jié)尾的詞①tomato→tomatoes,hero→heroes:有生命的，加-es②photo→photos,piano→pianos:無生命的，加-s可數(shù)名詞及其單復數(shù)(10年29考)2.復數(shù)：可數(shù)名詞表示>1時用復數(shù)，其前不能加不定冠詞，作主語時謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式(2)不規(guī)則變化①sheep→sheep,deer→deer,fish→fish:單復數(shù)同形②man→men,woman→women:改a為e型；特例：human→humans③foot→feet,tooth→teeth:改oo為ee型；特例：boot→boots④child→children:在詞尾加-ren⑤mouse→mice:其他形式可數(shù)名詞及其單復數(shù)(10年2考)2.復數(shù)：可數(shù)名詞表示>1時用復數(shù)，其前不能加不定冠詞，作主語時謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式(2)不規(guī)則變化①Englishman→Englishmen:變man為men②German→Germans,American→Americans:詞尾加-s③Chinese→Chinese:不變形6)表示“某國人”只能修飾可數(shù)名詞的詞(組)few,a

few,several,many,agreat/good/largenumberof,quiteafew等不可數(shù)名詞(10年13考)1.常見不可數(shù)名詞(1)soup,water,meat,paper,wood等→物質(zhì)名詞(2)health,love等→抽象名詞(3)China,Canada等→專有名詞3.常見表示不可數(shù)名詞的量的詞組：abasketof,aboxof,abottleof等therestofmoney,aglassofmilk,fivebowlsofrice,twopiecesofbread等→數(shù)詞/冠詞+計量名詞+of+不可數(shù)名詞2.不可數(shù)名詞的量化表達方式4.只能修飾不可數(shù)名詞的詞(組)little,a

little,much,agood/greatdealof,abitof,a

large/smallamountof等5.既能修飾可數(shù)名詞又能修飾不可數(shù)名詞的詞(組)不可數(shù)名詞(10年13考)名詞所有格1.-’s所有格(1)加-’s①mysister'sbook→有生命的單數(shù)名詞②China'sdevelopment→表示時間、國家、距離等名詞③children'shomework→名詞復數(shù)不以-s結(jié)尾④TomandPeter'sroom→表示共同擁有，在最后一個名詞后加-'s⑤Emma'sandAllen'sbikes→表示各自擁有，在每個名詞后加-'sa

lotof,lotsof,plentyof,all,some,most,any,no,therestof等名詞所有格1.-’s所有格(2)名詞復數(shù)以-s結(jié)尾，加’①uncle'swork→有生命的②twohours'

walk→無生命的(3)節(jié)日類①NewYear'sDay→名詞加-'s②Teachers'

Day→名詞復數(shù)加-’③Children'sDay,Women'sDay→名詞復數(shù)加-'s2.of所有格thetopofthehill→一般用于表示無生命名詞的所有關(guān)系3.雙重所有格(1)aphotoofLucy's→of+-'s所有格(2)a

friendofmine→of+名詞性物主代詞專有名詞1.ProfessorSmith,DoctorBrown→表示人名、尊稱或頭銜的專有名詞2.theUnitedNations,HarvardUniversity→表示團體、機構(gòu)或報刊的專有名詞3.Sunday,January,theSpringFestival→表示星期、月份和節(jié)日的專有名詞4.China,Chinatown,theYellowRiver→表示國名、地名、山河名的專有名詞5.theGreatWall,theWhiteHouse→由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞隨堂檢測基礎(chǔ)小題1.—Sally'sfavorite_________isorange.—Isee.That'swhyallhersweatersareorange.A.fruit

B.color

C.juice2.Watchinginterestingmovieswithmyfriendsbringsmealotof______.A.doubt

B.worry

C.pleasureBC3.Whenwearrivedatthe________，weweretoldthattheplanehadbeenputoff.A.office

B.airport

C.station4.The________hereareverypolitetocustomers，soweoftencomeheretoeat.A.actors

B.guides

C.waiters5.Althoughthe_________aren'tclear，Icanstillrememberthesweettimewithmyfamily.A.photos

B.maps

C.signsBCA6.Thousandsof______cometoChengdueveryyearbecauseofitsfamousplacesofinterest.A.winners

B.passengers

C.tourists7.Billalwayskeepsaproperdistancefromthedesktoprotecthis_______whenreading.A.eyes

B.ears

C.arms8.InmostareasofChina，itisatraditiontohave________duringtheSpringFestival.A.cakes

B.bread

C.dumplingsCAC9._________bedroomlookspretty.Theytaketurnstocleaniteveryday.A.Lisa'sandSally's

B.Lisa'sandSally

C.LisaandSally's10.These__________foundtheproblemofthenewtypeofcar.Luckily，theysolveditintime.A.doctors

B.engineers

C.reporters11.Ihavelearnedtomakelanterns.Icanmakethemindifferent_____suchasroundorsquare.A.sizes

B.numbers

C.shapesCBC12.Danny'smomagreesnothingisimportantthan______，sosheasksDannytodomoreexercise.A.housework

B.health

C.wealth13.—Weshouldn'tdependonothersallthetime.—You'reright，orwewilllosethe_________ofthinking.A.ability

B.courage

C.powerBA語篇提能Passage（2023眉山改編）RainwasloudlyhittingmywindowwhenIwokeup.Holidaysaremyonly

1

tosleepin，butIcouldn'tsleepbecauseofthesoundoftherain.Mybrainwasawakeandfullof

2

，soIdecidedtogetupandfinishmyproject.()1.A.treasure B.accident C.chance()2.A.ways B.rules C.ideasCCIwenttoacoffeeshopandstartedtaking3onwhatwashappeningaroundme.WhenIlookedattheparkinglot，anelderlycoupleinacarcaughtmy4.Afterparking，thewomangotoutandwenttohelpherhusbandoutofthecar.Thentheyenteredthe5handinhand.()3.A.notes B.courses C.risks()4.A.memory B.attention C.praise()5.A.shop B.school C.officeABAAssoonastheycameinside，aracecarappearedintheparkinglot.Withitsfour6open，Isawseveralteenagers.Theyoungmanwhowasdrivingithadturnedupthe7sohighthatIcouldheariteveninthecoffeeshop.However，theywerenotbadguys.Theywerejustenjoyingthemusic.()6.A.wheels B.windows C.rooms()7.A.light B.phone C.musicBCAlotofmemoriescameintomy8.Icouldnotstopthinkingaboutthep