外研版高中英語選擇性必修第一冊(cè)Unit6 Part1 Starting out Understanding ideas練習(xí)含答案

Unit6NurturingnaturePart1Startingout&Understandingideas基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)練Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1.Healthexpertssaidthatwalkingorcyclinggentlyhas(巨大的)long-termbenefits.

2.Iwasimpressedwiththe(壯麗的)viewwhilevisitingtheGreatWall.

3.Thespacesuitsallowastronautstobreatheinspaceandprotectthemfromexposuretothecoldand(輻射).

4.Theriver,thetalltrees,themountainandthelateafternoonsunmixedtogeneratethebeautiful(風(fēng)景).

5.Asweallknow,onechopstickisuselessandsodthatitcanbebrokeneasily.

Ⅱ.單句語法填空1.Sincenuclear-contaminatedwaterintothesea,howtoprotecttheecologicalenvironmentisamongthetop(concern).

2.Technologyinthe21stcenturycanhelptobringancientartlifebycombiningthebestoftheoldandthenew.

3.(2019江蘇)Chinasimageisimproving(steady),withmorecountriesrecognizingitsroleininternationalaffairs.

4.(prevent)thedamagetotheenvironment,aseriesofmeasureshavebeentakenrecently.

5.(易錯(cuò)題)(2024江蘇省海安高級(jí)中學(xué)月考)StephanierescuedFlynnfromananimalcentrein2014,afteritwasfoundasapuppy(wander)thestreetsalone.

Ⅲ.選詞填空catchoneseye;thanksto;atonesleisure;makesure;suchasIfyouare1.,IrecommendyoutotraveltoBeijing.Ithasmanyattractions2.theSummerPalaceandtheGreatWall,whicharesureto3..To4.thatyouhaveasuccessfultrip,youdbettermakeadequatepreparations.5.convenienttransportation,youcanhaveeasyaccesstomanyplaces.Ithinkthetripwillleaveadeepimpressiononyou.

Ⅳ.完成句子1.第一個(gè)完成游戲的隊(duì)將贏得一個(gè)大獎(jiǎng)。(不定式作后置定語)thegamewillwinagreatprize.

2.如果我們能學(xué)會(huì)如何克服困難,我們就能學(xué)會(huì)如何成功。(疑問詞+不定式)Ifwecanlearn,welllearnhowtosucceed.(讀后續(xù)寫—鼓勵(lì)與開導(dǎo))

3.眾所周知,竹子很結(jié)實(shí),所以經(jīng)常被用來建造房屋和橋梁。(so...that...)Itisknowntousallthatitisoftenusedtobuildhousesandbridges.

4.Allthepopcornwassoldout,andBernardfeltawaveofhappinessandappreciation.(句式升級(jí):with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))→,Bernardfeltawaveofhappinessandappreciation.(讀后續(xù)寫—心理描寫)

能力提升練Ⅰ.課文語法填空1(sit)backinmyseat,ImsoexcitedthatImabouttotravelalongtherailwaythatwascalled“impossible”bymanyforeignexperts.Thetrainrunsfastand2(steady)acrossthe“roofoftheworld”.

IttookyearstobuildtheQinghai-XizangRailway,3isarecordofallChinesepeopleseffortstoovercomethemostdifficultchallenges.Thefirstlandmark4(catch)myeyeistheQingshuiheBridge.Topreventdamagetowetlandsandgrasslands,675bridges5(build)betweenGolmudandLhasa.Locatedatover5,000metresabovesealevel,TanggulaStation6(be)thehighestrailwaystationintheworld.Severaloxygen-makingstationswereconstructedtomakepeoplestay7(health).AswepassCuonaLake,asenseofprideand8(achieve)wellsupinmyheart.Alongthelakewebuiltatwenty-kilometrewalltoprotectthelake9constructionwaste.

Improudthatwebuiltour“impossible”railway.Ittrulyis10extraordinary“SkyRailway”.

1.2.3.4.5.

6.7.8.9.10.

Ⅱ.語法填空(2024廣東深圳市福海中學(xué)月考)Morethan11,000scientistsarewarningthattheEarth,intheirwords“clearlyfacesaclimateemergency”.Thescientistsrepresentseveralfieldsofstudyandcomefrom1501(country)aroundtheworld.TheyapprovedareportthatappearedinthepublicationBIOSCIENCE2(early)thismonth.Itwarnsthattheworldwillface“untoldhumansuffering”3wedonotmakedeepandlastingshiftsinhumanactivitiesthatinfluenceclimatechange.

Thenewreport4(call)the“WorldScientistsWarningofaClimateEmergency”.Thisisthefirsttime5largegroupofscientistshavejointly(共同地)usedtheword“emergency”when6(talk)aboutclimatechange.“Despite40yearsofglobalclimatenegotiations...wehavegenerallyconductedbusinessasusualandhavelargelyfailed7(address)thispredicament(困境),”thestudysaid.“Climatechangehasarrivedandisaccelerating(加速)fasterthanmanyscientistsexpected.”Thereportidentifiedsixareasthattheworldneededtodeal8immediately.Thescientistsappealedtonationstouseenergymoreefficientlyandcut9(they)useoffossilfuels.Theysuggestedthatlawmakersapprovetaxesontheburningofcarbon-basedfuels,suchascoal,oiland10(nature)gas.

1.2.3.4.5.

6.7.8.9.10.

Ⅲ.閱讀理解A(2024山東10月聯(lián)考)IfirstrealizedthatplasticwasaseriousmatterforourplanetduringmytravelinWesternAustralia.Onedayabout12yearsago,IstoppedatasupermarketalongtheCoralBaycoasttobuysomegroceries.Buttheladyatthecountertoldmethatthesupermarketdidntsellanyshoppingbagstopreventplasticgoingintotheoceanandhelppreservetheendangeredturtles(海龜)livinginthatarea.Afterafirstreactionofsurprise,Igatheredallpurchasesinmyarmsandleft,reflectingonwhatIhadbeentold.Theexperienceinthattripmadememoreconsciousofmyimpactandpushedmetoadoptvarioushabitstotravelandlivemoresustainable.Forexample,IalwayscarriedacottonbagwhenIwentshopping.MytraveltoIndonesiawasanotherlife-changingexperiencethatstrengthenedmydeterminationtoturntoazero-wastelifestyle.InIndonesia,findingsafedrinkablewaterwasalwaysachallenge,soItraveledwithmywaterbottle,managingtoavoidalmostentirelytheuseofplasticduringmytrip.However,IwasseriouslystruckbymystayontheLibaranIsland,whereasustainableturtleconservationprojectwaslaunched10yearsago.Despitethebigeffortsbytheprojectstaffandthecommunityatcleaningupthebeachesandcreativelyreusingplastic,theshorewaswasheddailywithtonsofplasticcomingfromthetides.Walkingonacarpetofplasticthatalmostpreventedmefromseeingthebeachunderneathwasquiteshocking.Facingthisglobalissueinperson,Ifeltasenseofsadnessandangerthatsoonturnedintodetermination:todoasmuchaspossibletoreduceplasticinmylife.Sometimeswemightfeelhelplessinfrontofbigproblems,butweshouldbeawarethatsmallchangescouldactuallymakeadifferencestepbystep!1.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicofthetext?A.Byreflectingonthepresentlife.B.Bylookingintothefutureenvironment.C.Byintroducingthepreviousachievements.D.Byrecallingthepastshoppingexperience.2.Whatdidtheauthordecidetodoafterthetripabout12yearsago?A.Cutbackontravel.B.Shoplessfrequently.C.Leadagreenlife.D.Purifydrinkingwater.3.WhatdoweknowabouttheprojectinParagraph4?A.Ithadnocleargoal.B.Itdidntworkoutverywell.C.Itmettheislandersneeds.D.Itaimedtopreventturtleattacks.4.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftheplasticproblem?A.Itispermanent.B.Itismanageable.C.Itiseasytosolve.D.Itislackinginattention.B(2023遼寧葫蘆島協(xié)作校期中)Thegrizzlybear(灰熊)isoneofthemanyimpressiveandbeautifulanimalsthatcanbefoundinYellowstoneNationalPark.Grizzlieshibernate(冬眠)duringthewinter,andthisiswhenthebabybearsareborn.Consideritthechanceofalifetimeifyoucanseeagrizzlybearonyourvisittothepark,sincetheseanimalsarenotcommonlyseenbyvisitors.GrizzliesinYellowstone,usuallyweighingasmuchas350-600pounds,areomnivorous,feedingonotheranimals,pinenuts,grass,roots,andsomefruitsaswell.Theyeveneatdeadbodiesofsomeanimals.AlthoughthesnowisstilldeepintheparkduringMarch,mildsunnydaysbecomecommon.ItisthetimeofyearwhenthegrizzliesofYellowstonebegintogetoutoftheirhibernationplacesinsearchofwaterandfood.Springisalsothetimeofyearwhenbearmothersintroducetheirnewbornbabiestotheoutsideworld.Amothergrizzlycanbeextremelydangerous.Itisveryimportanttorememberthatbearswilldefendtheyoungbearsfromanydanger.Inanefforttoreducetheprobabilityofahuman-bearchancemeeting,withinYellowstoneNationalPark,certainareasthathavehigherdegreesofbearactivityareclosedtooff-roadhumanactivityinspring.WhenyouvisitYellowstone,stopbythevisitorcenterinMammoth,wheretheparkwillprovideyouwithmorespecificinformationonbearactivityatanygiventime.Thebestwaytoavoidabearattackistotakeprotectivemeasures.First,alwaysrespectanyclosuresignforbothyoursafetyandthebenefitofthebears.Second,alwaysremembertomakeanoisetoletanybearintheareaknowofyourpresence.Ifabearisawareofyourpresence,itwillusuallyleavetheareaimmediately.However,ifyoudisturbabear,thechancesofanattackaremuchgreater.Thesenseofsmellforbearsisamongthebestintheanimalworld.Anotherruletorememberisthatwhencamping,hangyourfoodfromatree100yardsawayfromyourcamp.Neverstorefoodinyourtentorclosetowhereyouwillbesleeping.5.WhichwordcanbestdescribeyourchancetoseeagrizzlybearatYellowstone?A.Fortunate.B.Frightening.C.Hopeful.D.Regretful.6.Whatdoesthewriterusetheunderlinedword“omnivorous”todescribeinthesecondparagraph?A.Thespeedofattack.B.Theanimalspecies.C.Themassivebodysize.D.Thefoodvariety.7.Whatisthebestsuggestionforyouwhenvisitingthepark?A.Keepquietwhenvisitingthepark.B.Hangfoodawayfromyourcamps.C.Touchthelovelybabybearssoftly.D.Feedsomefoodtothebabybears.8.Whatisthewriterspurposeofwritingthepassage?A.Tointroducethegrizzly.B.Toprotectthegrizzlybear.C.Toavoidapossibleattack.D.Tomakeanadvertisement.答案與分層梯度式解析Unit6NurturingnaturePart1Startingout&Understandingideas基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)練Ⅰ.1.massive2.splendid3.radiation4.scenery5.delicateⅡ.1.concerns考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意:由于核污水排入海洋,如何保護(hù)生態(tài)環(huán)境成為最受關(guān)注的問題之一。amongthetopconcerns最受關(guān)注的問題之一。2.to考查介詞。句意:21世紀(jì)的科技可以將新舊藝術(shù)的精華結(jié)合起來,幫助古代藝術(shù)煥發(fā)生機(jī)。bring...tolife使……更生動(dòng);使蘇醒。3.steadily考查副詞。句意:隨著更多的國家認(rèn)可中國在國際事務(wù)中的作用,中國的形象正在穩(wěn)步提升。設(shè)空處修飾謂語isimproving,應(yīng)用副詞形式,故填steadily。4.Toprevent考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:為了防止對(duì)環(huán)境的破壞,最近采取了一系列的措施。設(shè)空處作目的狀語,應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式形式。首字母需大寫,故填Toprevent。5.wandering考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:2014年,斯蒂芬妮從一家動(dòng)物中心救出了弗林,此前它被發(fā)現(xiàn)時(shí)還是一只獨(dú)自在街上游蕩的小狗。句中apuppy與wander之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語,故填wandering。易錯(cuò)歸因該空易錯(cuò)判為謂語動(dòng)詞,事實(shí)上句中的as為介詞,意為“作為”,而不是連詞,且after引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中已有謂語wasfound,故此處應(yīng)用非謂語動(dòng)詞。Ⅲ.1.atyourleisure2.suchas3.catchyoureye4.makesure5.ThankstoⅣ.1.Thefirstteamtofinish2.howtoovercomethedifficulty3.bambooissostrongthat4.Withallthepopcornsoldout能力提升練Ⅰ.1.Sitting考查現(xiàn)在分詞。分析句子可知,“1(sit)backinmyseat”在句中作狀語,sit與其邏輯主語I之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作狀語。

2.steadily考查副詞。設(shè)空處與前面的fast并列,修飾動(dòng)詞runs,因此用副詞形式。3.which考查定語從句。句意:青藏鐵路歷時(shí)數(shù)年建成,它記錄了全中國人民克服最困難的挑戰(zhàn)的努力。設(shè)空處無提示詞,空前的句子意思完整,不缺成分,與后面的句子用逗號(hào)隔開,且空后句子缺少主語(謂語是is),由此可推測設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。先行詞是theQinghai-TibetRailway,指物,設(shè)空處在從句中作主語,應(yīng)用which引導(dǎo)該從句。4.tocatch考查不定式。分析句子可知,該句中已有謂語is,故此處應(yīng)用非謂語動(dòng)詞。這里表示“第一個(gè)吸引我注意的地標(biāo)是清水河大橋”,名詞landmark前面有序數(shù)詞first修飾,故此處應(yīng)用不定式作后置定語。5.werebuilt考查時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:為了防止對(duì)濕地和草原的破壞,格爾木和拉薩之間修建了675座橋梁。本句敘述的是過去發(fā)生的事情,且bridges與build之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài);主語675bridges表示復(fù)數(shù)概念,故填werebuilt。6.is考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:唐古拉站位于海拔五千多米處,是世界上海拔最高的火車站。此處表示客觀事實(shí),應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),主語TanggulaStation表單數(shù)意義,故填is。7.healthy考查形容詞。由空前的連系動(dòng)詞stay可知,此處應(yīng)用形容詞構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。8.achievement考查名詞。and為并列連詞,連接前后兩個(gè)并列成分,句中and前面為名詞pride,故后面也應(yīng)該用名詞achievement。9.from考查介詞。protect...from...意為“保護(hù)……免受……”。10.an考查冠詞。句意:這確實(shí)是一條非凡的“天路”。此處表示泛指,且extraordinary以元音音素開頭,故本空應(yīng)用不定冠詞an。Ⅱ.◎語篇解讀本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章介紹了超過11,000名科學(xué)家發(fā)出了警告,宣布地球進(jìn)入“氣候緊急狀態(tài)”。1.countries考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意:這些科學(xué)家代表了幾個(gè)研究領(lǐng)域,來自世界上的150個(gè)國家。根據(jù)空前的150可知,此處用名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故填countries。2.earlier考查副詞比較級(jí)。句意:他們批準(zhǔn)了本月早些時(shí)候發(fā)表在《生物科學(xué)》刊物上的一份報(bào)告。此處指本月更早的時(shí)候,所以用副詞的比較級(jí)形式。故填earlier。3.if考查連詞。句意:它(報(bào)告)警告說,如果我們對(duì)影響氣候變化的人類活動(dòng)不做出深刻而持久的改變,世界將面臨“無法估量的人類苦難”。此處是if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句,表示“如果”,故填if。4.iscalled考查時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:這份新報(bào)告被稱為“世界科學(xué)家對(duì)氣候緊急情況的警告”。該句描述客觀事實(shí),句子主語Thenewreport是第三人稱單數(shù),且和動(dòng)詞call之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填iscalled。5.a考查冠詞。alargegroupof意為“一大群”,后跟名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故填a。6.talking考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意:這是第一次一大群科學(xué)家在談?wù)摎夂蜃兓瘯r(shí)共同使用“緊急”這個(gè)詞。此處是時(shí)間狀語從句的省略,省略了“主語+be動(dòng)詞”,其中talk與其邏輯主語scientists之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,設(shè)空處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。故填talking。7.toaddress考查不定式。句意為“該研究稱:‘盡管全球氣候談判已經(jīng)進(jìn)行了40年……但我們基本上照常開展業(yè)務(wù),在很大程度上未能解決這一困境?！眆ailtodosth.意為“未能做某事”。故填toaddress。8.with考查介詞。句意:該報(bào)告確定了世界需要立即處理的六個(gè)領(lǐng)域。dealwith意為“解決,處理”。故填with。9.their考查代詞。句意:科學(xué)家們呼吁各國更有效地利用能源,減少化石燃料的使用?？蘸髐se是名詞,應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞修飾。故填their。10.natural考查形容詞。句意:他們建議立法者批準(zhǔn)對(duì)燃燒煤炭、石油和天然氣等碳基燃料征稅?？蘸蟮膅as是名詞,應(yīng)用形容詞修飾,所給詞nature是名詞,其形容詞形式是natural?！靖哳l詞匯】1.approvev.批準(zhǔn);通過2.shiftn.改變;變換3.asusual照常4.appealto呼吁5.efficientlyadv.高效地【熟詞生義】addressvt.設(shè)法解決;處理;對(duì)付長難句原句Itwarnsthattheworldwillface“untoldhumansuffering”ifwedonotmakedeepandlastingshiftsinhumanactivitiesthatinfluenceclimatechange.分析本句為主從復(fù)合句。第一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)賓語從句,if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句,第二個(gè)that引導(dǎo)定語從句,修飾先行詞humanactivities。譯文它(報(bào)告)警告說,如果我們對(duì)影響氣候變化的人類活動(dòng)不做出深刻而持久的改變,世界將面臨“無法估量的人類苦難”。Ⅲ.A◎語篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在旅行中意識(shí)到塑料對(duì)地球的影響,特別是對(duì)海龜?shù)挠绊?從而加強(qiáng)了堅(jiān)持零浪費(fèi)生活方式的決心,并呼吁大家從自己做起,逐步減少塑料的使用。1.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段可知,文章一開始作者回憶起12年前在西澳大利亞旅行中的一次購物經(jīng)歷,這個(gè)經(jīng)歷讓作者第一次意識(shí)到塑料對(duì)地球的影響。由此推知,作者用回憶過去的購物經(jīng)歷引出了文章的話題。故選D。2.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Theexperienceinthattrip...whenIwentshopping.(那次旅行中的經(jīng)歷讓我更加在意自己的影響,并促使我養(yǎng)成了各種旅行習(xí)慣和過更可持續(xù)的生活。例如,當(dāng)我去購物時(shí)我總是帶著一個(gè)棉布袋。)”可知,經(jīng)過這次旅行,作者決定過一種綠色的生活。故選C。3.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Despitethebigeffortsbytheprojectstaffandthecommunityatcleaningupthebeachesandcreativelyreusingplastic,theshorewaswasheddailywithtonsofplasticcomingfromthetides.(盡管項(xiàng)目工作人員和社區(qū)在清理海灘和創(chuàng)造性地重復(fù)利用塑料方面做出了巨大努力,但海岸每天都被潮汐帶來的成噸的塑料沖刷著。)”可知,該項(xiàng)目收效甚微,即作用不大。故選B。4.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中作者面對(duì)這個(gè)全球問題的情感變化:asenseofsadnessandanger→determination:todoasmuchaspossibletoreduceplasticinmylife→feelhelplessinfrontofbigproblems→beawarethatsmallchangescouldactuallymakeadifferencestepbystep可推知,作者認(rèn)為塑料問題一定是可以解決的。故選B?！靖哳l詞匯】1.preservev.保護(hù);維護(hù)2.reflecton仔細(xì)思考3.strengthenv.加強(qiáng);增強(qiáng)4.launchv.開始從事,發(fā)起,發(fā)動(dòng)(尤指有組織的活動(dòng))5.preventsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事6.makeadifference有影響;產(chǎn)生變化【差距詞匯】1.consciousadj.意識(shí)到的,在意的2.sustainableadj.可持續(xù)的B◎語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了黃石公園里灰熊的生活習(xí)性以及游覽時(shí)如何避免被灰熊襲擊。5.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Consideritthechanceofalifetimeifyoucanseeagrizzlybearonyourvisittothepark,