牛津譯林版中考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)名詞所有格語(yǔ)法講義

知識(shí)精講名詞所有格知識(shí)精講一、’s所有格‘s所有格一般用于有生命的名詞后。以下表格為用法及例子：用法舉例一般情況下在名詞詞尾加’sDick’scar迪克的汽車以s或es結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞在名詞詞尾加’students’books學(xué)生們的書用and連接兩個(gè)并列的單數(shù)名詞表示共有關(guān)系，只在最后的一個(gè)名詞后加’s；但在各自擁有時(shí)兩個(gè)名詞都在詞尾加’s表示所有ThisisMaryandhersister’sbedroom.這是瑪麗和她姐姐的。ThereareTom’sandMary’sbags.這些是Tom和Mary的包。表示時(shí)間，距離，價(jià)格Haveyoureadtoday’snewspaper?你看今天的報(bào)紙了嗎？Wearegoingtohaveasixweeks’summervacation.我們將有一個(gè)為期六周的暑假。It’sonlyhalfanhour’sdrivefromheretothenearesthospital.從這里最近的醫(yī)院開(kāi)車僅有半個(gè)小時(shí)的路程。Ibought50dollars’worthofbooks.我買了價(jià)值50美元的書。表示節(jié)日Children’sDay兒童節(jié)AprilFool’sDay愚人節(jié)Mother’sDay母親節(jié)Teachers’Day教師節(jié)NewYear’sDay新年AllSaints’Day萬(wàn)圣節(jié)表示店鋪，醫(yī)院，學(xué)校，住宅及公共建筑時(shí)atthebookseller’s在書店atthedoctor’s在醫(yī)院由some,any,every與one/body結(jié)合起來(lái)的復(fù)合名詞，如someone,everybody等和else連用時(shí)，’s應(yīng)加在else后somebodyelse’spencil某人的鉛筆三、of所有格“of+名詞”一般用來(lái)表示無(wú)生命的物體間的所屬關(guān)系，如：thecolorofthewindow窗戶的顏色 thebrakeofthebicycle自行車閘theframeofthephoto相框 thetitleofthearticle文章標(biāo)題注意：在許多情況下，表示人、動(dòng)物、集體、時(shí)間、機(jī)構(gòu)、組織等的名詞都可以用of所有格代替’s所有格。例如：

1．（2023下·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·七年級(jí)校考階段練習(xí)）—Whoisthemanintheblueshirt?

—Heis________father.A．Kate’sandMary’s B．KateandMary’s C．KateandMary D．ofKateandMary2．（2023下·江蘇無(wú)錫·七年級(jí)校考階段練習(xí)）Tomorrowwillbe_______thirteenthbirthday.Allthefriendsof________willgototheparty.A．James’;him B．James’;his C．James’s;his D．James’s;him3．（2023下·江蘇揚(yáng)州·七年級(jí)?？茧A段練習(xí)）IsitbetweenMillieandAmy,somydeskisbetween________desks.A．MillieandAmy’s B．Millie’sandAmy’sC．MillieandAmy D．Millie’sandAmy4．（2022下·江蘇揚(yáng)州·七年級(jí)?？计谥校狶ookatthephoto,Simon.Whoistheoldwomaninareddress?—Oh,sheis________grandmother.A．Anna’sandNeil B．AnnaandNeil C．AnnaandNeil’s D．Anna’sandNeil’s5．（2022下·江蘇蘇州·七年級(jí)校考期中）—Excuseme,howcanIgettothenearestbookshop?—Goalongthisroad.It’sabout_________ride.A．fiveminute B．fiveminutes C．fiveminutes D．fiveminutes’6．（2022上·江蘇宿遷·七年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期末）—________toycaristhis?—It’s________.A．Who’s;Tom B．Whose;Tom C．Whose;Tom’s D．Who’s;Tom’s7．（2022下·江蘇泰州·七年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期中）—Excuseme,isSanshuiyuanParkfarfromyourschool?—No,it’sabout________.A．10minuteswalk B．10minutesonfootC．10minute’swalk D．10minuteonfoot8．（2022下·江蘇無(wú)錫·七年級(jí)校聯(lián)考期中）Kittyhasabedroom________.Therearemanytoysinit.A．herown B．ofherown C．onherown D．byherown9．（2022下·江蘇常州·七年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期中）Mr.Wangis________teacher.Heteaches________English.A．MikeandMillie’s;their B．Mike’sandMillie’s;theirC．MikeandMillie’s;them D．Mike’sandMillie’s;them10．（2022下·江蘇淮安·七年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期中）ThemanintheblackcoatisMr.Ma,heisanoldfriendof________.A．I B．me C．my D．mine參考答案：1．B2．B3．B4．C5．D6．C7．B8．BB。9．C10．D二.完形填空Whenpeopleseeastrangerintrouble,theymayhavetwo____36____.Somepeoplearewillingtogiveahand.Butothersmaychoosetotakenonotice.IfIwereinthis____37____,Iwouldhelpthestrangerwithoutthinkingtwice.Somepeoplemaythinkitis____38____todothis.Wehaveallheardstoriesaboutpeoplewhohavebeenblackmailed（敲詐）afterofferinghelptoa____39____.Butontheotherhand,helpingothersisa____40____virtue.ThereisaChinesesaying,“Giverosesto____41____andthelastingfragrance（香味）willremaininhand.”Indeed,helpingothersjust____42____helpingourselves.Anyofuscouldendupinasituationwhereweneedhelpfromfamily,friendsorevenstrangers.More____43____,whenwehelpstrangers,wecanpassonthespiritof____44____tothem.Astorymightexplainitbetter.Once,anoldmanandhiswifeweretravellingandwantedtofinda____45____wheretheywouldstayforthenight.However,whentheywalkedintotheonlyhoteltheycouldfind,theyweretoldthatnoroomswereavailable（可獲得）.Thecouplewasdisappointed（失望）andsaid____46____.Butbeforetheyleft,theclerksaid,“Wouldyouperhapsbewillingtosleepinmyroom?It’snotexactlytoobig,butitwillbegoodenoughtomakeyoufortableforthenight.”Theoldmanturnedbackandofferedmoney,whichtheclerk____47____.Manyyearslater,theclerkhadalmostforgottenthethingwhenhereceivedaletterinvitinghimtoahotelinNewYork.Whenhegotthere,hesawtheoldman,whotoldhimthatthehotelhadbeen____48____inhisnamebecauseofthekindnessheshowedthatnight.Weallhaveourown____49____tohelpothers.Itdoesn’tmatterwhattheyare,aslongaswegiveahelpinghand.Don’tbeafraidtotouchsomeone’slife.Youneverknowwhose____50____youmaybetouching.36.A.ideas B.choices C.meanings D.feelings37.A.situation B.background C.condition D.relationship38.A.clear B.patient C.unwise D.useful39.A.friend B.family C.classmate D.stranger40.A.modern B.hidden C.useless D.traditional41.A.others B.other C.another D.theother42.A.invites B.means C.asks D.hopes43.A.importantly B.excitedly C.strangely D.easily44.A.pleasure B.happiness C.kindness D.experience45.A.room B.house C.hotel D.farm46.A.anything B.everything C.something D.nothing47.A.refused B.received C.accepted D.followed48.A.made B.built C.sold D.done49.A.minds B.ideas C.reasons D.secrets50.A.decision B.action C.heart D.opinion【答案】36.B37.A38.C39.D40.D41.A42.B43.A44.C45.C46.D47.A48.B49.C50.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文以一個(gè)故事為例，告訴人們應(yīng)該去幫助陷入困境的陌生人，因?yàn)閹蛣e人就是幫我們自己。【36題詳解】句意：當(dāng)人們看到一個(gè)陌生人陷入困境時(shí)，他們可能有兩種選擇。ideas主意；choices選擇；meanings意思；feelings感覺(jué)。由后文“Somepeoplearewillingtogiveahand.Butothersmaychoosetotakenonotice.”可知，看見(jiàn)陌生人陷入困境，有人會(huì)伸出援助之手，有人會(huì)視而不見(jiàn)，所以是兩種選擇，故選B。【37題詳解】句意：如果我在這種情況下，我會(huì)不假思索地幫助這個(gè)陌生人。situation情況；background背景；condition條件；relationship關(guān)系。由后句“Iwouldhelpthestrangerwithoutthinkingtwice”可知，此句是說(shuō)在這種情況下，作者會(huì)不假思索地幫助這個(gè)陌生人，故選A?！?8題詳解】句意：有些人可能認(rèn)為這樣做是不明智的。clear清楚的；patient有耐心的；unwise不明智的；useful有用的。由文中“Wehaveallheardstoriesaboutpeoplewhohavebeenblackmailed（敲詐）...”可知，這樣做有被敲詐的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，是不明智的，故選C?！?9題詳解】句意：我們都聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)有人在幫助陌生人后被勒索的故事。friend朋友；family家庭；classmate同學(xué)；stranger陌生人。由文中“...todothis”和上文“...Iwouldhelpthestrangerwithoutthinkingtwice”可知，此句是說(shuō)給陌生人提供幫助，故選D?！?0題詳解】句意：但另一方面，幫助別人是一種傳統(tǒng)美德。modern現(xiàn)代的；hidden隱藏的；useless無(wú)用的；traditional傳統(tǒng)的。由句中轉(zhuǎn)折連詞“But”和后句“Giverosesto...andthelastingfragrance（香味）willremaininhand.”可知，此句是說(shuō)在另一方面，幫助別人是種美德，故選D。【41題詳解】句意：中國(guó)有句俗語(yǔ)，“贈(zèng)人玫瑰，余香留手?！眔thers其他的（人/物）；other其他的，后跟復(fù)數(shù)名詞；another另一個(gè)，表示不確定范圍的另一個(gè)；theother（兩個(gè)中）另一個(gè)。由句中“thelastingfragrance（香味）willremaininhand”可知，此句是說(shuō)把玫瑰送給別人，此處沒(méi)有跟名詞，用others表示其他人，故選A?！?2題詳解】句意：的確，幫助別人就是幫助自己。invites邀請(qǐng)；means意思是；asks問(wèn)；hopes希望。由后句“Anyofuscouldendupinasituationwhereweneedhelpfromfamily,friendsorevenstrangers”可知，此句是說(shuō)幫別人就是幫自己，故選B?！?3題詳解】句意：更重要的是，當(dāng)我們幫助陌生人的時(shí)候，我們可以把善良的精神傳遞給他們。importantly重要地；excitedly興奮地；strangely奇怪地；easily容易地。由句中“wecanpassonthespiritof...tothem”可知，幫助別人還會(huì)傳遞某種精神，這更為重要，故選A?！?4題詳解】句意：更重要的是，當(dāng)我們幫助陌生人的時(shí)候，我們可以把善良的精神傳遞給他們。pleasure愉快；happiness開(kāi)心；kindness善良；experience經(jīng)驗(yàn)，經(jīng)歷。由后句“Astorymightexplainitbetter”和下文“...becauseofthekindnessheshowedthatnight”可知，此句是說(shuō)幫助陌生人，可以把善良的精神傳遞給他們，故選C?！?5題詳解】句意：從前，一位老人和他的妻子在旅行，想找一家旅館過(guò)夜。room房間；house房子；hotel旅館；farm農(nóng)場(chǎng)。由文中“However