Unit2MoralsandVirtues單元導(dǎo)學(xué)案高中英語人教版

Unit2MoralsandVirtuesPartOneTextOneMotheroftenthousandbabies“Lifeisprecious….Toapersonnothingismorepreciousthantheirlife,andiftheyentrustmewiththatlife,howcouldIrefusethattrust,sayingI’mcold,hungry,ortired?”ThesewordsofDrLinQiaozhigiveusalookintotheheartofthisamazingwoman,andwhatcarriedherthroughalifeofhardchoices.Asafiveyearoldgirl,LinQiaozhiwasdeeplyaffectedbyhermother’sdeath.Atage18,insteadoffollowingthetraditionalpathofmarriagelikethemajorityofgirls,shechosetostudymedicine.“Whyshouldgirlslearnsomuch?Findingagoodhusbandshouldbetheirfinalgoal!”hermotherplained,thinkingofthehightuitionfees.=1\*GB3①Sheresponded,“I’dratherstaysingletostudyallmylife!”Eightyearslater,LingraduatedfromPekingUnionMedicalCollege(PUMC)withtheWenhaiScholarship,thehighestprizegiventograduates.SheimmediatelybecamethefirstwomanevertobehiredasaresidentphysicianintheOBGYNdepartmentofthePUMCHospital.WithinSixmonths,shewasnamedachiefresidentphysician,apositionthatusuallytookfouryearstoachieve.Afterworkingforafewyears,shewassenttostudyinEuropeandthen,in1939,intheUS.ShegreatlyimpressedherAmericancolleagues,whoinvitedhertostay.Dr.Lin,however,rejectedtheoffer.Shewantedtoservethewomenandchildrenathome.In1941,DrLinbecamethefirstChinesewomanevertobeappointeddirectoroftheOBGYNdepartmentofthePUMCHospital,butjustafewmonthslater,thedepartmentwasclosedbecauseofthewar.Thinkingofallthepeoplestillinneedofhelp,DrLinopenedaprivateclinic.Shechargedverylowfeestotreatpatientsandoftenreducedcostsforpoorpatients.Attimesshewasevenseenridingadonkeytofarawayvillagestoprovidemedicalcare.ThenewPeople’sRepublicofChinasawDrLinQiaozhiplayingakeyrole.In1954,shewaselectedtothefirstNationalPeople’sCongressand,overthenextseveraldecades,sheheldmanyimportantpositions.Herheart,however,waselsewhere.Shewasmoreinterestedintendingpatients,publishingmedicalresearchoncareforwomenandchildren,andtrainingthenextgenerationofdoctors.“TheOBGYNdepartmentcaresfortwolives,”shetoldnewstaffinherdepartment.“Asdoctors,weshouldberesponsibleforthepatientsandtreatthemasoursister.”ThoughLinQiaozhinevermarried,shewasknownasthe“motheroftenthousandbabies”,havingdeliveredover50,000babiesinherlifetime.DrLindidnotretireuntilthedayshedied,22April1983.Sinceshehadnochildrenofherown,shelefthersavingstoakindergartenandafundfornewdoctors.Andevenasshelaydying,herfinalthoughtswereforothers.“I’mreadytogo,”shesaid.“Don’ttrytorescuemeanymore.Don’twastethemedicineanymore.”知識(shí)點(diǎn)鏈接=1\*GB3①Sheresponded,“I’dratherstaysingletostudyallmylife!” “wouldrather”用法wouldrather表示“寧愿”，其常見用法為：1）wouldrather(not)dosth寧愿（不）做某事[例]Iwouldratherstartalittleearliertoavoidbeingcaughtintherushhourtraffic.2）wouldrather(not)havedonesth寧愿（沒）做了某事（表示與現(xiàn)實(shí)相反）[例]Iwouldratherhavebeenmorecarefulatthattime.3）wouldratherdosththandosth寧愿做某事也不愿做某事=woulddosthratherthandosth或prefertodosthratherthandosth[例]Iwouldrathergooutforawalkthanstayathome.4）wouldrather后跟從句時(shí)，從句要用虛擬語氣wouldrathersbdidsth希望某人現(xiàn)在/將來做某事wouldrathersbhadnotdonesth寧愿某人沒做過某事（帶有責(zé)備意味）[例]IwouldratherIhadn’tattendedthelecture,itwassodisappointing.PartOneTextTwoThestoneintheroadOnceuponatimetherewasakingwhooftenthough,“Nothinggoodcanetoanationwhosepeopleonlyplainandexpectotherstosolvetheirproblems.”O(jiān)neday,hehadanidea.Earlyonemorning,thekingdisguisedhimselfandwenttoalocalvillage.Heplacedalargestoneinthemiddleofthemainstreetandhidgoldcoinsunderthestone.Thenhehidbehindahugemapletreeandwatched.Thefirstpersondownthestreetwasamilkmanwithhiscart.Hecrashedintothestone,spillingthemilkeverywhere.“Whatfoolputthisstonehere?”heshouted.Hepickedhimselfupandangrilywentaway.=1\*GB3①Afterawhile,agroupofwomencamealong,eachbalancingapotofwateronherhead.Onewomentrippedoverthestoneandherwaterpotwentcrashingtotheground.Shepickedherselfupandlimpedawayintears.Neithershenorherfriendsthoughtaboutmovingthestoneoutoftheroad.Thekingwatchedalldayasmanypeopleplainedaboutthestone,buthefoundnobodymakinganattempttomoveit.Thekingwasindespair.“Istherenooneinthisvillagewhofeelsanyresponsibilitytokeeptheirneighbourfromharm?”Justthen,thekingsawayounggirlingalong.Shewasthedaughterofalocalfarmer.Shehadbeenworkingalldayandwasverytired.Butwhenshesawthestone,shesaidtoherself,“Thisstoneisadangertoanyonewhoesdownthestreetafterdark.I’llmoveitoutoftheway.Thegirlpushedthestonewithallhermight.Afteragreatdealofeffort,shefinallysucceededinmovingittothesideofthestreet.Imaginehersurprisewhenshesawthegoldcoinswherethestonehadbeen!Justthen,thekingsteppedoutfrombehindthetree.“Oh,sir,”thegirlsaid,“doesthisgoldbelongtoyou?Ifnot,wesurelymustfindtheowner,forhewillcertainlymissit.”Thekingsaid,“Mydear,thegoldismine.Iputitintheroadandmovedthestoneoverit.Nowthegoldisyours,becauseyouaretheonlypersonwhohaslearntthelessonIwantedtoteachmypeople.”知識(shí)點(diǎn)鏈接=1\*GB3①Afterawhile,agroupofwomencamealong,eachbalancingapotofwateronherhead. 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)語法功能只在句中作狀語，表示原因、條件、時(shí)間、方式、伴隨等語法構(gòu)成1）名詞/（主格）代詞+現(xiàn)在分詞/過去分詞2）名詞/（主格）代詞+形容詞/副詞/介詞短語/名詞語法特點(diǎn)可置于句首或句尾，常由逗號(hào)將其與句子其他成分分開，獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)與句子之間不能使用任何連接詞其邏輯主語與句子的主語不同，它獨(dú)立存在·名詞+現(xiàn)在分詞[例]Theyweretalkingtothenatives,theguideactingasinterpreter.·名詞+過去分詞[例]Hewaslisteningattentivelyinclass,hiseyesfixedontheblackboard.·名詞+形容詞[例]Handsredwiththecold,theyweremakingasnowman.·名詞+副詞[例]Themealover,thebosswentbacktothemeetingroomtocarryontheirdiscussion.·名詞+介詞短語[例]Theteacherenteredclassroom,abookunderherarm.·名詞+名詞[例]Hisbooknowabestseller,hefeltverypleased.注意獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)有時(shí)可以和with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)互換[例]Autumning/Withautumning,thetreeleavesturnyellowandsomebirdsflytothesouth.PartTwoKeyWord1.moral1）adj.道德的；道義上的2）n.品行；道德；寓意2.virtuen.高尚的道德；美德；優(yōu)點(diǎn)3.dilemman.進(jìn)退兩難的境地；困境4.moraldilemma道德困境5.faint1）v.昏倒；昏厥2）adj.不清楚的；微弱的6.illustratev.（舉例）說明；闡明；給（書或文章）加插圖[拓展]同根詞_______________n.說明7.preciousadj.珍惜的；寶貴的8.entrustv.委托；交付9.carrysbthroughsth幫助某人度過難關(guān)1）作及物動(dòng)詞短語時(shí)，意為“幫助某人度過難關(guān)”；“完成，把…進(jìn)行到底”[例]Myconfidence,togetherwiththeskillsyoutaughtme,carriedmethroughtheEnglishexamsintheend.2）作不及物動(dòng)詞短語時(shí)，意為“履行（承諾）”，常跟介詞on或with[例]Hehasprovedhecancarrythroughonhispromise.10.marriagen.結(jié)婚；婚姻_______________v.結(jié)婚；嫁；娶11.majorityn.大部分；大多數(shù)_______________大多數(shù)_______________占大多數(shù)[拓展]同根詞_______________adj.大的，主要的vi.主修（+in）n.主修課程[拓展2]反義詞_______________n.少數(shù)12.plainv.抱怨；發(fā)牢騷_______________（向某人）抱怨/投訴…[拓展]同根詞_______________n.抱怨，投訴_______________投訴信_(tái)______________對(duì)…投訴13.tuitionn.（小組）教學(xué)；講課14.feen.專業(yè)服務(wù)費(fèi)；報(bào)酬15.tuitionfees學(xué)費(fèi)16.respondv.回復(fù)；作出反應(yīng)_______________（以…）對(duì)…作出反應(yīng)[拓展]同根詞17.responsen.回應(yīng)_______________作為對(duì)…的回應(yīng)_______________對(duì)…（不）作出反應(yīng)18.unionn.協(xié)會(huì)；聯(lián)合會(huì)；工會(huì)19.scholarshipn.獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金20.hire1）v.聘任；雇傭；租用2）n.租借；租用21.physiciann.醫(yī)師；（尤指）內(nèi)科醫(yī)生22.residentphysician住院醫(yī)師23.colleaguen.同事24.rejectv.拒絕接受；不錄用[拓展]同根詞25.rejectionn.拒絕接受；否決26.appointv.1）vi.任命，委派_______________任命某人擔(dān)任某職務(wù)_______________派某人任某職_______________委派某人做某事2）vt.約定，確定（時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)）_______________（為某事）確定…[拓展]同根詞_______________adj.指定的，約定的_______________n.任命；委派_______________與某人有約_______________（與某人）約個(gè)時(shí)間_______________預(yù)約做某事_______________準(zhǔn)時(shí)赴約/失約_______________必須預(yù)約27.clinicn.診所；門診部28.farawayadj.遙遠(yuǎn)的29.electv.選舉；推選30.electionn.選舉；推選；當(dāng)選31.decaden.十年；十年期32.elsewhereadv.在別處；去別處33.tendv.照顧；傾向1）vt.&vi.照料，照管_______________照料某人/某物2）vi.往往會(huì)；趨于_______________常常會(huì)做某事，往往會(huì)做某事_______________趨于…[拓展]同根詞_______________n.傾向_______________有做某事的傾向34.publishv.發(fā)表（作品）；出版35.staffn.員工；全體職員36.retirev.1）vi.&vt.（使）退休_______________從…退休_______________從…職位退休2）vi.（因傷）退出（比賽等）[拓展]同根詞_______________n.退休_______________adj.已退休的37.savingn.節(jié)?。淮婵?8.kindergartenn.學(xué)前班；幼兒園39.principlen.道德原則；法則40.passiveadj.被動(dòng)的；順從的41.scaredadj.害怕的；對(duì)…感到驚慌_(tái)______________害怕/擔(dān)心某物_______________害怕做某事_______________害怕…42.scarev.受驚嚇_______________把某人嚇?biāo)繽______________把…嚇跑_______________恐嚇某人做某事_______________adj.嚇人的；恐怖的43.sharp1）adj.（變化）急劇的；（疼痛等）強(qiáng)烈的[例]Sincethebanwasannouncedtherehasbeenasharpdropincrime.2）adj.鋒利的，尖的[例]Makesureyouuseagoodsharpknifetocutthechickenbreast.3）adj.（人或言語）尖銳的，嚴(yán)厲的[例]Challengingworkmighthelpyourbrainstaysharpasyougetolder.4）adv.（時(shí)間）…（點(diǎn)）整[例]Pleasebehereatseveno’clocksharp.[拓展]同根詞_______________v.削弱；削尖_______________n.卷筆刀44.insurancen.保險(xiǎn)；保險(xiǎn)業(yè)45.energeticadj.精力充沛的；充滿活力的[拓展]同根詞_______________n.精力；能量46.replacev.1）vt.替換，接替；代替，取代_______________（用B）接替/取代A2）vt.更新3）vt.把…放回原處[拓展1]近義詞_____________________________________________[拓展]同根詞_______________n.替換，更換；替代品；接替者47.accidentn.事故；車禍；失事48.operationn.手術(shù)；運(yùn)行_______________給某人動(dòng)手術(shù)（以治療…）_______________使…運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)_______________在工作中，使用中；有效_______________開始運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；開始生效[拓展]同根詞_______________v.運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；動(dòng)手術(shù)_______________給某人動(dòng)手術(shù)（以治療…）_______________n.操作人員；經(jīng)營者49.whisper1）v.耳語；低語；悄聲說_______________在某人耳邊低聲說（某事）_______________低聲說某事_______________對(duì)某人低聲說（某事）2）n.耳語；謠言_______________低聲地50.midnightn.子夜；午夜51.import1）n.進(jìn)口；進(jìn)口商品2）v.進(jìn)口；輸入；引進(jìn)51.export1）n.出口；出口商品2）v.出口；出口商品52.polen.（行星的）極；地極52.lapn.（坐著時(shí)的）大腿部；（跑道等的）一圈53.bite1）v.咬；叮；蜇2）n.咬；（咬下的）一口；咬傷_______________咬一口54.lipn.嘴唇55.assistv.幫助；援助_______________幫助某人做某事_______________幫助某人（做）某事_______________在某事上幫助某人[拓展]同根詞_______________n.助手；售貨員adj.助理的_______________n.援助_______________去幫助某人_______________在…的幫助下56.firstaid急救57.passaway去世58.chairmann.主席；主持人；董事長(zhǎng)59.memoryn.記憶力；回憶_______________作為對(duì)…的紀(jì)念（通常用于已去世的人）[拓展]“in+n.+of”結(jié)構(gòu)_______________稱贊，歌頌_______________慶?！璤______________尋找_______________支持_______________管理_______________需要_______________控制_______________為了幫助_______________為向…表示敬意_______________支持60.chainn.一連串（人或事）；鏈子；鏈條61.cafén.咖啡館；小餐館62.waitressn.（餐館的）女服務(wù)員63.pregnantadj.懷孕的；妊娠的64.disguise1）v.裝扮；假扮；掩蓋2）n.偽裝65.maplen.楓樹；槭樹66.cartn.手推車；運(yùn)貨馬車67.spillv.（使）灑出；（使）溢出68.tripover被…絆倒69.limpv.跛行；一瘸一拐地走70.tear1）n.眼淚；淚水_______________流淚_____