上教版必修一講義U2教師版

Unit2Places【詞匯和短語】詞匯部分：1.destinationn.目的地2.millionnum.一百萬3.amazingadj.令人大為驚奇的4.historicadj.歷史上重要的5.siten.地點6.formeradj.以前的7.poetryn.詩歌；詩作8.basisn.基礎(chǔ)；要素9.courtn.宮殿10.originallyadv.原先；起初11.defencen.防御12.nowadaysadv.當(dāng)前；目前13.viewn.景色，風(fēng)景14.memoryn.回憶；記憶15.contributev.捐獻16.scientificadj.科學(xué)（上）的17.admirev.欽佩18.statuen.雕塑，雕像19.fancyadj.昂貴的；奢華的20.featuren.特色；特征；特點21.positionn.地位22.opportunityn.機會；時機23.transportn.交通運輸系統(tǒng)24.disappointv.使失望25.structuren.結(jié)構(gòu)；構(gòu)造26.sculpturen.雕像；雕塑品27.weaponn.武器；兵器28.crowdedadj.人多的；擁擠的29.indicatev.表明；顯示30.afterwardsadv.以后；后來31.downtownadv.在市中心，往市中心32.momentn.某一時刻33.envelopen.信封34.cafen.咖啡館，小餐館35.votev.投票36.chatv.閑聊；聊天37.nowhereadv.無處；哪里都不38.embarrassedadj.窘迫的，尷尬的39.shockedadj.震驚的40.opinionn.意見；想法；看法41.blogn.博客42.settlev.定居43.adventuren.冒險；冒險的經(jīng)歷44.energeticadj.精力充沛的45.originn.起源；源頭46.desertn.沙漠47.entrancen.入口48.battlen.戰(zhàn)役；戰(zhàn)斗短語部分：49.altogetheradv.總共，一共50.belongto屬于某人；歸某人所有51.incase以防；以防萬一52.inthedistance在遠方53.avarietyof各種各樣的54.primeminister首相；總理【重點單詞】1.historicadj.歷史上重要的Weshouldtakemorecareofourhistoricbuildings.我們應(yīng)該更加愛護有歷史意義的建筑?！窘x詞辨析】historical：指歷史上的或歷史的，側(cè)重在歷史上出現(xiàn)過或與歷史有關(guān)的；已經(jīng)發(fā)生。historic：指歷史上有名的，具有歷史意義的或者可成為史料的；可以正在發(fā)生或?qū)⒁l(fā)生。2.poetryn.詩歌；富有詩意的東西Ihadlittleacquaintancewithmodernpoetry.我對現(xiàn)代詩所知甚少。Shegaveareadingfromherlatestvolumeofpoetry.她朗誦了她最近出版的詩集里的一首詩?！窘x詞辨析】poetry指詩的總稱。poem通常指一首詩或詩體文。abookoflovepoems.一本愛情詩集。poetryoftheTangDynasty唐詩（總稱）apoemoftheTangDynasty一首唐詩3.originallyadv.原先；起初Theplanehasbeenkeptinservicefarlongerthanoriginallyintended.這架飛機的服役時間已經(jīng)遠遠超過了起初的預(yù)料。【同根詞拓展】originaladj.起初的；新穎的，原創(chuàng)的，創(chuàng)新的Theoriginalplanwastogobybus.起初的計劃是乘公交車去Itisoneofthemostoriginalworksofimaginationinthelanguage.這是用這種語言創(chuàng)作的最具想像力的原創(chuàng)作品之一。n.原作品；原件Whenyouhavefilledinthequestionnaire,copyitandsendtheoriginaltoyouremployer.填好問卷調(diào)查表之后，復(fù)印并將原件交給你的雇主。originn.起源;起因Wehavelearntmanytheoriesabouttheoriginoflife.我們學(xué)習(xí)了很多有關(guān)生命起源的理論。【詞語辨析】creative,original,imaginative這組詞都有“有創(chuàng)造力的”的意思，其區(qū)別是：1）creative側(cè)重指具有把本來不存在的事物創(chuàng)造出來的能力。2）original強調(diào)具有與眾不同，有獨到之處的創(chuàng)造能力。3）imaginative指想象大異于現(xiàn)實，近乎或等于虛構(gòu)。強調(diào)富有幻想能力。4.contributevt.貢獻，出力；投稿；捐獻vi.貢獻，出力；投稿；捐獻Thethreesonsalsocontributetothefamilybusiness.3個兒子也為家族企業(yè)做貢獻。Ibelievethateachofuscancontributetothefutureoftheworld.我相信我們每一個人都能為世界的未來做出貢獻。Localbusinesseshaveagreedtocontribute.當(dāng)?shù)氐墓疽呀?jīng)同意捐助了?！就卣埂?)contributorn.捐助者CandidatesforCongressreceived53percentoftheirfundsfromindividualcontributors.國會候選人接受的捐款中有53%來自個人捐助者。2)contribute做動詞也有另外一個義項，“是(造成某情況)的一個原因、導(dǎo)致”的意思。Thereportsaysdesignfaultsinboththevesselscontributedtothetragedy.報道稱兩艘船在設(shè)計上的缺陷是造成悲劇的原因。5.admirev.欽佩，欣賞IadmiredherwhenIfirstmetherandIstillthinkshe'smarvellous.我第一次見到她時就欽佩她，而且我現(xiàn)在依然認為她很了不起。Headmiredthewayshehadcopedwithlife.他欽佩她應(yīng)對生活的方式。Wetooktimetostopandadmiretheview.我們特意停下來欣賞風(fēng)景。【同義詞組辨析】honour,esteem,regard,admire,respect這組詞都有“尊重、欽佩”的意思，其區(qū)別是：1）honour側(cè)重指對某人或某物表示極大的敬意。2）esteem除表示尊敬之外，還暗示由此而產(chǎn)生的稱贊。例如：selfesteem自尊3）regard最正式用詞，中性，含義不很明確，一般需用修飾語加強或明確其意。4）admire側(cè)重指對某人或某物的仰慕、欽佩，并含欣賞愛慕之情。5）respect指對人的行為、品德、才華或成就等的仰慕尊重。尤指對年長或地位高的人的尊敬。6.feature（重點詞匯，義項較多）n.特色，特征；容貌；特寫或?qū)ｎ}節(jié)目vi.起重要作用vt.特寫；以…為特色；由…主演1）n.特點PatrioticsongshavelongbeenafeatureofKuwaitilife.愛國歌曲長期以來一直是科威特人生活的一個特點。Thespaciousgardensareaspecialfeatureofthisproperty.寬敞的花園是這處房產(chǎn)的一大特色。2）n.(報紙、雜志的)特寫;(廣播、電視的)特別節(jié)目WearedelightedtoseetheSundayTimesrunningalongfeatureonbreastcancer.我們高興地看到《星期日泰晤士報》刊登了關(guān)于乳腺癌的一篇長長的特寫。3)n.正片;故事片...thefirstfeaturelengthcartoon,SnowWhiteandtheSevenDwarfs.…第一部故事片長度的卡通片《白雪公主和七個小矮人》。4)n.(地理)特征...oneofthearea'soddestgeographicalfeaturesaneightmilebankofpebblesshelvingabruptlyintothesea.…這個地區(qū)最奇怪的地理特征之一，一條8英里長的鵝卵石堤岸陡然傾斜伸到海里。5)n.容貌Hisfeaturesseemedtochange.他的容貌似乎變了。6)vt(電影等)由…主演;(展覽會等)以…為重點It'sagreatfilmanditfeaturesaSpanishactorwhoisgoingtobeaworldstarwithinayear.那是一部精彩的電影，它由一位西班牙演員主演，他一年之內(nèi)就會成為國際明星。Thehourlongprogrammewillbeupdatedeachweekandfeaturehighlightsfromrecentgames.這個一小時的節(jié)目將每周更新，重點介紹近期比賽的精彩部分。7)vi擔(dān)任主演;是(展覽、雜志等)的重要內(nèi)容Jonfeaturedinoneoftheshow'smostthrillingepisodes.喬恩主演了該劇中最驚悚的幾集之一。7.transportvt.運送;n.交通運輸系統(tǒng)Theyarebannedfromlaunchinganyflightsexcepttotransportpeople.他們被禁止飛行任何航班，運送人除外。Themissilesemergefromtheunderbellyofthetransportplane.導(dǎo)彈從運輸機的腹部發(fā)出?！就卣埂縯rans做前綴時，表示從一點到另一點的移動，例如：transplantvt移植；translatevt翻譯transfervt轉(zhuǎn)讓，移交transitvt運送transformvt改變，轉(zhuǎn)換，使…變形8.indicatevt.表明;暗示;象征;代表;(儀器等)指示Asurveyofretiredpeoplehasindicatedthatmostareindependentandenjoyinglife.一項對退休人員的調(diào)查表明，他們中的大部分人生活自立而愉快。OurvotetodayindicatesachangeinUnitedStatespolicy.我們今天的投票表明了美國政策的變化。Mr.Rivershasindicatedthathemayresign.里弗斯先生已經(jīng)暗示他可能要辭職。Dreamscanhelpindicateyourtruefeelings.夢能代表你的真實情感。...aninstrumentusedtoindicatewinddirection.…一臺用于指示風(fēng)向的儀器。indicatorn.指示器；顯示器9.embarrassedadj尷尬的Helookedabitembarrassed.他看上去有點尷尬。embarrassvt使…尷尬，難堪Hisclumsinessembarrassedhim.他的笨拙令他尷尬。10.settle（重點詞匯）1）vt.解決(糾紛、問題等)Theyagreedtotrytosettletheirdisputebynegotiation.他們同意盡量通過談判解決他們之間的糾紛。2)vt.定居于;使定居;定居Refugeessettlinginanewcountrysufferfromanumberofproblems.在一個新國家定居的難民們面臨許多問題。HevisitedParisandeventuallysettledthere.他訪問了巴黎并最終在那兒定居了。3)vt.安頓;安坐Albertsettledhimselfonthesofa.阿爾伯特在沙發(fā)安坐下來。4）vt.使沉降;沉降A(chǔ)blackdustsettledonthewalls.一團黑色粉塵落到了這些墻上。11.origin見originally拓展12.entrancen.入口Besidetheentrancetothechurch,turnright.在教堂入口邊向右轉(zhuǎn)?！竟潭ù钆洹縠ntrancetosp.theentrancetothesupermarket超市入口【拓展】exitn.出口【課堂練習(xí)】I.Fillintheblankswiththewordsorphrasesfromtheboxbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.structurecontributedowntownembarrassedfancydeservefeaturedhistoricadmireorigindisappoint1.Iwasreally,butthenIsawthefunnysideofit.我確實感到尷尬，但接著我發(fā)現(xiàn)了事情好笑的一面。2.Joninoneoftheshow'smostthrillingepisodes.喬恩主演了該劇中最驚悚的幾集之一。3.WhatIisnotwhatyouhave,butwhatyouare.我所羨慕的不是你所擁有的東西，而是你是什么。4.Onthesociallevel,improvementinthequalityoflifecangreatlytosocialharmony.在社會層面，生活質(zhì)量的提高非常有助于社會和諧。5.TheoftheDragonBoatFestivalistorecallthesoulofQuYuan.龍舟節(jié)的起源是為了緬懷屈原的靈魂。6.Wearelivinginagreatera.我們正處在一個偉大的歷史時代。7.Thereisheavytrafficintheareatonight.今夜鬧市區(qū)交通繁忙。8.Themagazinewaspackagedinaplasticcasewithattractivegraphics.這本雜志裝在一個帶有漂亮圖紋的別致塑料盒子里。9.Herdecisiontocanceltheconcertisboundtoherfans.她決定取消這場音樂會，肯定會使她的歌迷失望。10.Doctorsstudytheofthehumanbody.醫(yī)生研究人體構(gòu)造。15:embarrassed;featured;admire;contribute;origin610:historic;downtown;fancy;disappoint;structureⅡ.GrammarDirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.AncientMyth—AHitWithModernAudiencesThissummer’ssurprisehitatmovietheatersacrossChinawastheretellingoftheancientmythofNezha.Theanimatedfilm(21)________(take)inoverfourbillionyuanattheboxofficeandbeeoneofthecountry’smostsuccessfulfilmsever.ItprovedthatChinacouldproduceanimatedfilmsparableto(22)________producedinHollywoodandJapan.Thefilm,directedbyYangYu,wasamassiveundertaking（任務(wù)）fromstarttofinish.Hespenttwoyearswritingthescript(劇本）andthreemoreyearsmakingafilmwhichrequiredtheeffortsof1,600animators.ButforYang,itwasawaytoprovetohimselfthathe(23)________changehisfateandinspireotherstochangetheirfateaswell.“Iusedtosufferfromalotofprejudiceafterchangingmycareer,”saidYang,“SincethenIhavethoughtaboutmakingananimatedfilmtoencourageyoungpeopletopersistintheirdreams.”(24)________(convey)themessagethat“yourfateisinyourownhands,”Yangmadesomechangestotheoriginalmyth.Nezhawasbornadevil（惡魔） (25)________(fate)tocausemischief（惡作?。?buthedecidedtooverehisfateandtosavethepeopleofhishometownfrombeingdestroyedbyAoBing,thethirdsonoftheDragonKing.(26)________theancientmythbeingveryclearaboutthedifferencesbetweenthegoodandthebadguys,inYang’sfilm,allofthecharactersaretreatedwithempathy,andeventhe“bad”peoplearealsovictimsoftheirfate,(27)________,actually,havethepotentialtochangeandbeegood.Overtheyears,1haveeacrossafewstudentslabeledas“devils.”Althoughsomemisbehavedsimply(28)________theywerenotmatureenough,othersweretroublemakinganduncooperativewhentheywereinabadmood.Thosestudentsneededtoknowtheywerenotdoomedtobebad.Astheygrewup,theywouldhavethepowertochangetheircircumstances.IfyouhaveseenNezha,youknow(29)________aterrific,entertainingfilmitis.Butanimportantlessonisalsoconveyedinthefilm(30)________weshouldnotjudgeourselvesorotherstooharshly,soasnottoallowthosenegativejudgmentstocontrolourfate.21.hastaken 22.those23.could24.Toconvey25.fated26.Despite27.who28.because29.what30.that【語法詳解】過去將來時講解與練習(xí)過去將來時表示從過去某個時間看來將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常用于賓語從句或間接引語中。過去將來時常用“would+動詞原形”或“was/weregoingto+動詞原形”來表達。用法例句特別提示表示從過去某個時間看來將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。Ididn’tknowwhenhewouldgotothepark.Hesaidthathewouldwaitformeattheschoolgate.此種情況常用于賓語從句或間接引語中。用“was/weregoingto+動詞原形”，“was/wereaboutto+動詞原形”表示將來的動作或狀態(tài)。ShetoldmeshewasgoingtoflytoYunnan.Iwasabouttoleavethehousewhenthetelephonerang.和一般將來時一樣，也可用相應(yīng)的其他形式表示。過去進行時態(tài)有時可用來表示過去將來。Hesaidthetrainwasleavingatfivethenextmorning.Hesaidhewasingtoseeme.常見于e,go等瞬間動詞。過去將來時的基本特征，也就是我么年今天所談到的“立足過去，著眼未來”。它表示從過去某一時間來看將要發(fā)生的某個動作或存在的某種狀態(tài)。例如：MarytoldmethatshewouldgotoShanghaibyplane.瑪麗告訴我說她將要坐飛機去上海。基本構(gòu)成：A)would+動詞原形如：HeaskedmeifIwouldstayhere.他問我是否要待在這兒。B)was/weregoingto+動詞原形如：Nooneknewwhenhewasgoingtofinishhishomework.沒有人知道他什么時候會完成作業(yè)。C)was/were(about)to+動詞原形如：Hesaidthattheyweretoleaveatsix.他說他們將于6點動身。Shesaidthatthemeetingwasabouttobegin.她說會議就要開始了D)e,go,arrive,leave,die等瞬時動詞，用在過去進行時態(tài)中表示過去將來。如：ShetoldusthatshewasleavingforYunnan.她告訴我們她將要去云南。基本用法——A)主句為過去時，賓語從句常表示將要發(fā)生的事情。如：Nobodyknewwhatwouldhappenafterahundredyears.沒有人知道一百年之后將會發(fā)生什么事。Wewantedtoknowwhethershewasgoingtospeakatthemeeting.我們想知道她是否準(zhǔn)備在會上發(fā)言。B)在敘述過去的事情或事情發(fā)生的經(jīng)過時，用過去將來時表示在當(dāng)時看將來會發(fā)生的事。如：ItwasaSundayafternoon.AyoungwomannamedMariahadjustleftschool.Hewasgoingtostarttoworkthenextweek,soshedecidedtobuysomenewclothesandanewpairofshoes.一個星期天的下午，一位名叫瑪麗亞的年輕人剛離開學(xué)校。因為她準(zhǔn)備下周開始工作，所以，決定買些新衣服和一雙新鞋子。C)過去將來時還可以用來表示非真實的動作或狀態(tài)。如：IfIhadachancetostudyabroad,IwouldstudyatHarvardUniversity.如果我有機會出國學(xué)習(xí)的話，我就會去哈佛大學(xué)。Iwishhewouldgowithmetothecinematonight.今晚他能和我一起去看電影就好了?！菊n堂練習(xí)】I.

選擇填空1.

Li

Ming

said

he

_____happy

if

Brian_____to

China

next

month.

A.

as;

e

B.

was;

would

e

C.

would

be;

came

D.

will

be;

e

2.

Jenny

said

she

_____her

holiday

in

China.

A.

spent

B.

would

spent

C.

was

going

to

spent

D.

would

spend

3.

—What

did

your

son

say

in

the

letter?

—He

told

me

that

he

______

the

Disney

World

the

next

day.

A.

will

visit

B.

has

visited

C.

is

going

to

visit

D.

would

visit

4.

I

hoped

Tina

______

to

my

birthday

party

on

time

the

next

Wednesday.

A.

to

e

B.

is

ing

C.

will

e

D.

was

ing

5.

Father

said

that

he

______

me

to

Beijing

the

next

year.

A.

took

B.

would

take

C.

takes

D.

will

take

6.

We

were

not

sure

whether

they

______

more

vegetables.

A.

are

going

to

grow

B.

were

going

to

grow

C.

will

grow

D.

have

grown

7.

She

______

to

work

when

the

telephone

rang.

A.

is

going

B.

will

go

C.

was

about

to

go

D.

is

to

go

II.

用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.

Miss

Zhang

said

she

__________________(visit)

the

Great

Wall

next

summer.2.

She

told

him

that

she

__________________(not

stay)

here

for

long.

3.

I

wasn’t

sure

whether

Lucy______________________(e)

the

next

year.4.

The

scientists

said

the

world’s

population

______________________

(slow)

down

in

future.5.

She

said

the

bus

___________________________(leave)

at

five

the

next

morning.6.

I

wasn't

sure

whether

he

__________________________(lend)

me

his

book

the

next

morning.

7.

He

was

fiftysix.

In

two

years

he

___________________________(be)

fiftyeight.

8.

Whenever

she

has

time,

she

__________________________(help)

them

in

their

work.

Key:

I.

17

CDDDBBC

II.

1.

would

visit

2.

would

not

stay

3.

would

e

4.

would

slow

5.

was

leaving

6.

would

lend

7.

would

be

8.

would

help【鞏固練習(xí)】I.Grammar(1)25%1.Shehadto____herclothesafterlosingweightA.alter B.attach C.assist D.exchange【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她減肥后不得不換衣服。A.alter更改，換；B.attach連接；C.assist幫助；D.exchange交換。結(jié)合句意，減肥后不得不換衣服。故選A項。2.Don’teatthatcakenow;Itwillspoilyour_____.A.agent B.analysis C.appreciation D.appetite【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：別吃那塊蛋糕，它會破壞你的食欲的。A.agent代理；B.analysis分析；C.appreciation欣賞；D.appetite胃口。根據(jù)前文Don’teatthatcakenow，吃蛋糕會破壞食欲。故選D項。3.Heisveryfirmaboutit;Icannnot_____himA.cheat B.damage C.bend D.destroy【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他對此的態(tài)度很堅決，我不能讓他屈服。A.cheat欺騙；B.damage傷害；C.bend有“使……屈服”的含義；D.destroy破壞。結(jié)合語境可知，他很堅決，不會屈服，故選C項。4.They_____theirfailureontheircoach.A.blamed B.accused C.respond D.criticized【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查動詞。句意：他們把失敗歸咎于教練。A.blamed指責(zé)；B.accused起訴；C.respond回應(yīng)；D.criticized批評。blamesthon意為“把……歸咎于”，根據(jù)語境，故選A項。5.Theterroristescapedacrossthe______ofthetwocountries,whichmadethingsevenworse.A.board B.broad C.border D.boast【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查名詞。句意：恐怖分子越境逃走，使情況更糟。A.board甲板；B.broad寬廣的；C.border國界；D.boast夸耀。結(jié)合常識，恐怖分子是跨越國境線逃走。故選C項。6.Thegardenlooksbeautifulwhenrosesare_______.A.boom B.inboom C.bloom D.inbloom【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查動詞及動詞詞組。句意：玫瑰盛開時花園看起來很美。A.boom爆炸；B.inboom正在爆炸；C.bloom開花；D.inbloom正開花的。當(dāng)玫瑰盛開時，花園看起來很漂亮，beinbloom表示開花的狀態(tài)。故選D項。7.Afteraheavysnow,allthegroundlookedlikebeingcoveredwithawhite________.A.bottom B.balloon C.blank D.blanket【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：下了一場大雪之后，整個地面看起來像被一條白色的毯子覆蓋著。A.bottom底部；B.balloon氣球；C.blank空白；D.blanket毯子。結(jié)合語境，地面像被一條白色的毯子一樣蓋著。故選D項。8.Thosewhoworkedwholeheartedlywithout_____shouldbepraised.A.concern B.conscience C.carelessness D.conceal【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那些全心全意工作而不粗心的人應(yīng)該受到表揚。A.concern關(guān)心；B.conscience良心；C.carelessness粗心；D.conceal隱瞞。全心全意與粗心含義相反，用without連接。故選C項。9.Therewas_____betweenthepoliceandthepublicincatchingthecriminal.A.cooperation B.pany C.bination D.association【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：警方和公眾在抓捕罪犯方面進行了合作。A.cooperation合作；B.pany公司；C.bination合并；D.association協(xié)會。結(jié)合語境，警方和公眾是有合作的，cooperation具有“合作”的含義。故選A項。10.The____inthegovernmenteconomyarebeginningtoshow.A.breaks B.cracks C.burst D.court【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：政府經(jīng)濟的崩潰開始顯現(xiàn)。A.breaks破裂；B.cracks崩潰；C.burst爆發(fā)；D.court場地。只有B項cracks與經(jīng)濟有關(guān)，故選B項。11.Thethieftookawaythewoman'swalletwithout____.A.beingseen B.seeing C.himseeing D.seeinghim【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查動名詞的被動式。句意：小偷趁人不注意偷走了那個女人的錢包。without為介詞，其后用動名詞形式，小偷偷走錢包，沒有被看見，故用被動式。故選A項。12.Yourshirtneeds____.You'dbetterhaveitdonetoday.A.iron B.toiron C.ironing D.beingironed【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：你的襯衫需要熨燙，你最好今天就熨燙。need后接動名詞表示被動含義，根據(jù)語境，shirt與iron是被動關(guān)系，因此用動名詞的主動形式表示被動含義，故選C。13.Itisnouse____menottoworry.A.youtell B.yourtelling C.tohavetold D.havingtold【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查固定句型和非謂語動詞。句意：你叫我別擔(dān)心是沒有用的。Itisnousedoingsth是固定搭配，意為“做某事沒有用”，動名詞前加形容詞性物主代詞，構(gòu)成動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。故選B項。14.Sheapologizedfor____toe.A.notherbeingable B.herbeingnotableC.notbeingable D.thatshe'snotableto【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查動名詞作賓語。句意：她為不能來而道歉。空格處作介詞for的賓語，用動名詞；beabletodo為固定搭配，意為“能夠”。故選C項。15.TheScienceBuildingisverybeautiful,behind______thereisanorchard.A.which B.what C.this D.these【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：科學(xué)大樓很漂亮，后面有一個果園。分析句子，先行詞為TheScienceBuilding，為物，介詞后接關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)定語從句。故選A項。16.Johnisoneofthebestwriterswho______publishedalotofbooks.A.has B.have C.havebeen D.are【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查主謂一致與現(xiàn)在完成時。句意：約翰是出版了許多書的最好的作家之一。分析句子，其后定語從句先行詞為thebestwriters是復(fù)數(shù)，從句中作主語，從句謂語動詞與先行詞保持人稱和數(shù)的一致，故其謂語形式要用復(fù)數(shù)，且約翰已經(jīng)出版了很多書，為過去的動作對現(xiàn)在造成影響，用現(xiàn)在完成時，且writers與謂語動詞publish是主動關(guān)系，綜上所述。故選B項。17.Whentheymetagain,thetwofriendstalkedaboutlotsofthingsandpersons______.wecouldrememberintheschool.A.who B.whom C.that D.which【答案】C【解析】【分析】【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：當(dāng)他們再次見面時，兩個朋友談?wù)摿嗽S多我們在校園記得的人和事。remember的對象是thingsandpersons，有人有物，只能用that。在定語從句中，which指代物，that既可指代物，也可指代人。當(dāng)先行詞既有人又有物時，只能用that。故C項正確。18.Heis________everyonerespects.A.theperson B.which C.whom D.who【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：他是大家尊敬的人。分析句子可知，空格處作表語，后面是定語從句，所以空格處是定語從句中的先行詞，根據(jù)語境，指theperson，其他詞并不能作先行詞，先行詞在從句中作賓語，關(guān)系詞that可以省略，完整的句子為：Heisthepersonthateveryonerespects.。故選A項。19.Thisisthemodernhotel______theguestscanenjoythemostfortablethings.A.where B.which C.that D.inthat【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：這是一家現(xiàn)代化的酒店，客人可以在這里享受最舒適的東西。分析句子，先行詞hotel，從句中地點狀語，關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)定語從句，從句中作地點狀語。故選A項。20.Markoftenattemptsto

escape

_______

wheneverhebreakstrafficregulations.A.havingbeenfined B.beingfinedC.tohavebeenfined D.tobefined【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查escape的用法。句意：馬克經(jīng)常試圖逃脫罰款，每當(dāng)他違反交通規(guī)則的時候。escapedoingsth逃脫、避免干某事。故選B。21.Theyhaven’tdecidedwhen__________forShanghai.A.tobeleaving B.toleave C.leaving D.leave【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查疑問詞+不定式作賓語。句意：他們還沒有決定什么時候動身去上海。decide后接“疑問詞+不定式”作賓語，whentodo意為“什么時候去做”。故選B項。22.Ifeellike_________alongwalk.Wouldyoulike_______withme?A.taking;going B.taking;togo C.totake;togo D.totake;going【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意是：我想出去散步，你愿意和我去嗎？第一空考查feellikedoing“想要做某事”,第二空考查wouldliketodo“想要做”，故選B。23.Don’tforget__________theletterformewhenyoupassbythepostoffice.A.post B.topost C.posted D.posting【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查不定式作賓語。句意：你經(jīng)過郵局時別忘了替我寄這封信。forgettodosth意為“不要忘記去做某事”，表示事情未做；forgetdoingsth.意為“忘記做過某事”，表示事情已發(fā)生，根據(jù)語境，是強調(diào)不要忘記，故選B項。24.Inthosedaysmyfamilydidn’thaveenoughroom_________.A.tolive B.livingin C.tolivein D.living【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查不定式作定語。句意：那時候我家沒有足夠的地方住。enough修飾的名詞后接不定式作定語，tolivein不定式作定語修飾room，表示“沒有足夠的房間住”，且room作live的邏輯賓語，live是不及物動詞，接賓語需加介詞in。綜上所述。故選C項。25.Shetoldme________aboutmylessons.A.needn’tworry B.don’tworry C.nottoworry D.notworry【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查固定搭配。句意：她告訴我不要擔(dān)心我的功課。tellsbnottodosth意為“告訴某人不要做某事”。worryabout為固定搭配，意為“擔(dān)心”。故選C項。IIGrammarOnedayGeneandHannahBortnickheardpianomusic___26___(e)fromtheirlivingroom.Theythoughttheir3yearoldsonEthan___27___(listen)toaCD.Thentheywalkedintotheroom.Totheiramazement,theyfoundhimplayingmusiconhistoypiano!Havingdiscoveredhisremarkabletalent,Ethan’sparentschangedtheirmindsandagreedtohispreviousbeggingforpianolessons.Theyturnedtoafamilymemberwhotaughtpiano,andshebeganworkingwithEthan.Itwasn’tlong,however,___28___theteacherknewthathewasnoordinarystudent.Ethanwasapianoprodigy(神童)andneededsomeonewhounderstoodhisspecialtalentsandabilities.ThefamilyfoundDr.IrenaKofman,___29___immediatelyrecognizedhistalentandintelligence.WithDr.Kofman’shelp,Ethanlearnedaboutpianotechniqueanddifferenttypesofmusic.Beforelong,hewasbeingaskedtoperformformanyevents.LaterhewasreceivinginvitationsfromthelikesofJayLenoandOprah.Ethanwas6andinkindergarten___30___hefirstappearedonTheTonightShowwithJayLeno.Atthattime,healreadyhadover200songs___31___(memorize)andwasdevelopingaCD.Today,attheageof13,itseemsthereis___32___Ethancannotdo.Heplayspiano,sings,posessongsandacts.HehasentertainedaudiencesaroundtheworldwithmusicrangingfromBeethoventoBieber.In2010,Ethanbecame___33___(young)musiciantocreateandhosthisownTVconcertspecial.Thenin2013,theperformerstarredinandwrotemusicforthemovieAnythingisPossible.【答案】26.ing27.waslistening28.before29.who30.when31.memorized32.nothing33.theyoungest【解析】本文為一篇記敘文。記敘了音樂天才伊桑的音樂歷程。【26題詳解】考查現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補主語。句意：一天，吉恩和漢娜·博特尼克從他們的客廳里聽到了鋼琴聲。表示動作正在進行，用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語，結(jié)合語境，他們聽到鋼琴聲正傳來。故填ing?！?7題詳解】考查過去進行時。句意：他們以為3歲的兒子伊桑在聽CD。結(jié)合語境，他們認為他們的兒子正在聽CD，發(fā)生在過去且為正在進行的動作，用過去進行時。故填waslistening。【28題詳解】考查連詞。句意：然而，沒過多久，老師不知不覺發(fā)現(xiàn)了他不是一個普通的學(xué)生。before表示“不知不覺，還沒弄清就……”，結(jié)合前文，老師不知不覺發(fā)現(xiàn)了他不是一個普通的學(xué)生。故填before?！?9題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：家人找到了艾琳娜·科夫曼博士，她立刻發(fā)現(xiàn)了他的才華和智慧。分析句子，先行詞為Dr.IrenaKofman，定語從句中缺主語，且艾琳娜·科夫曼博士為人物。故填who?！?0題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：伊桑6歲上幼兒園時，他與杰雷諾第一次出現(xiàn)在今晚節(jié)目電視節(jié)目中。分析句子，when在句中作狀語，指代伊桑六歲在幼兒園的時期。故填when?！?1題詳解】考查過去分詞。句意：當(dāng)時，他已經(jīng)能記住了200多首歌，正在制作一張CD。分析句子可知，“歌曲”與“記住”為邏輯上的被動關(guān)系，歌曲為“被記住”，用過去分詞表被動。故填memorized。【32題詳解】考查固定搭配。句意：如今，13歲的伊桑似乎沒有什么不能做的。thereisnothingsb.cannotdo為固定搭配，意為“沒有什么某人不能做”，故填nothing?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞最高級。句意：2010年，伊桑成為最年輕的音樂人創(chuàng)造和主持自己的電視音樂會特別節(jié)目。分析句子，在2010年，伊桑就成為了最年輕的音樂人，用最高級形式，且最高級前加the。故填theyoungest。III.ReadingprehensionSectionAvocabularyNEWYORK(Reuters)—U.S.factoriesshruggedoffweaknessintheglobaleconomyinNovemberasmanufacturingactivityrosetoitshighestlevelinfivemonths,afreshsignthe___34___economywasaccelerating.Recentdataonconsumerspendingandprivatesectorjobcreationhasalsoboostedoptimismonthepaceofgrowth.“Theeconomyseemsfinallytobe___35___realmomentum,”saidIanShepherdson,aneconomistatHighFrequencyEconomicsinValhalla,NewYork.Alsopointingtogrowth,automakersreportedU.S.salesrose13.9percentinNovemberfromayearearlier,AutodataCorpsaid.TheInstituteforSupplyManagementsaidonThursdayitsindexofnationalfactoryactivityroseto52.7from50.8themonthbefore,beatinganalysts’expectationsandshowingthesectorcontinuesto___36___.Theaddedmomentum,alsoapparentinthereport’sdetails,reducesthechancestheU.S.economywillslipintoanewrecession,evenwithanexpectedcontractionintheeurozone.paredtoadismalfirsthalfoftheyearthepaceofU.S.growthmorethan___37___inthethirdquartertoa2percent___38___rate.Whilethatremainssubpar,economistsbelieveactivitywill___39___evenstrongerinthefinalthreemonthsoftheyear.TheISM___40___ofnewordersrosetoitshighestlevelsinceApril,andtheexportindexalsoimproved,althoughmodestly.“Thatshouldkeepsomemomentumgoing,”saidSeanIncremona,aneconomistat4CastinNewYork.“Itisgoodtoseethingsarenotgettingworsenow.”Muchofthe___41___oftheworld,however,isgettingworse,especiallyinEuropewherepolicymakersarefightingaragingsovereigndebtcrisis.【答案】34.G35.B36.A37.I38.E39.H40.D41.C【解析】本文為一篇說明文，介紹了美國國內(nèi)經(jīng)濟增長的新跡象?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：去年十一月，制造業(yè)活動升至五個月來最高水平，美國工廠擺脫了全球經(jīng)濟疲弱的影響，這是美國國內(nèi)經(jīng)濟加速增長的新跡象。domesticeconomy意為“國內(nèi)經(jīng)濟”。故填G?！?5題詳解】考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：經(jīng)濟似乎終于有了真正的發(fā)展勢頭?，F(xiàn)在正有發(fā)展勢頭，用現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進行。故填B?！?6題詳解】考查動詞。句意：顯示該行業(yè)繼續(xù)擴張。continuetodosth.意為“繼續(xù)做某事”，根據(jù)上文itsindexofnationalfactoryactivityroseto52.7from50.8themonthbefore可知，是講經(jīng)濟正在擴張，全國工廠活動指數(shù)從上個月的50.8升至52.7，expand意為“擴張”，故填A(yù)。【37題詳解】考查過去分詞。句意：與上半年的慘淡相比，美國第三季度的增長速度翻了一番多，達到了2%的年增長率。doubled意為“兩倍”，根據(jù)語境，增長速度是翻倍了。故填I(lǐng)?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：與上半年的慘淡相比，美國第三季度的增長速度翻了一番多，達到了2%的年增長率。前一句話提到與上半年相比，可知這個增長率是年增長率。故填E?！?9題詳解】考查動詞。句意：盡管這一數(shù)字仍不高，但經(jīng)濟學(xué)家認為，今年最后三個月的經(jīng)濟活動將更加強勁。前文的activity指的活動，它會“證明”經(jīng)濟學(xué)家的觀點。故填H?！?0題詳解】考查名詞。句意：新訂單的ISM指數(shù)升至4月份以來的最高水平，出口指數(shù)也有所改善，不過幅度不大。后文提到增長幅度，可知其為某一指數(shù)。故填D?！?1題詳解】考查名詞。句意：然而，世界其他許多地區(qū)的情況正在惡化，特別是在歐洲，決策者們正在與肆虐的主權(quán)債務(wù)危機作斗爭。therestof…意為“剩下的”，這里指世界其他許多地區(qū)，故填C。ClozeHaveyoueverheardofcryosurgery?Cryosurgeryinvolvesfreezingtissuestoextremelycooltemperatures.Itisaprocedureinwhich___42___bodytissuesaredestroyedby___43___themtoextremelycoldtemperatures.Thetemperaturesusedrangefrom150℃toabsolutezero.Thesurgicalprocedurefreezesunhealthytissues,andthefreezingdestroysthe___44___.Forexternalinjuries,liquidnitrogen(氮),whichhasatemperatureof196℃,isapplied___45___tothecells.Forinternaltumors(內(nèi)部腫瘤),liquidnitrogeniscirculated(

流通),throughaninstrument(儀器)calledacryoprob(冷凍探針),alowtemperatureprobe(探針),cooledbyliquidnitrogen.Howdoescryosurgerydestroycells?Theicecreatedbytheliquidnitrogenwilldestroynearlyallcellsthatit___46___incontactwith.Asiceformsaroundacell,thefreewaterinsidethecellis___47___.Thiscausesthecelltoshrinkandthewallsinsidethecelltocollapse.Poisonousproteinsorchemicalswithinthecellarereleased.___48___,astheicearoundshrunken(收縮)cellsbeginstomelt(融化),largeamountsoffreewaterrushbackinsidethecells,causingthemtoburst.Thedeadcellsarethenremovedthroughnormal____49____process.Howwelldoescryosurgerywork?Theprocedure(過程)hasprovedsuccessfulinremovingsometumors.Cryosurgerymaybeused___50___toremovefreckles(forcosmeticreasons)andtotreatsomeskincancers.Itisalsousedinthetreatmentofbonecancertofreezeinternalbonehollow.Cryosurgeryhasdevelopedfromthe___51___attemptstofreezetissueswithasalticemixtureinthe1850stotheplicatedcryoprobemethodusedtoday.Despiteitssuccess,sideeffectsfromcryosurgerytendtobeworseifitisdoneinmenwhohavealreadyhadradiationtherapy(輻射療法).Thereforethiskindofnewsurgeryisnotfitforeveryone.42.A.healthy B.abnormal C.normal D.lively43.A.exposing B.applying C.adapting D.leading44.A.tissues B.proteins C.chemicals D.cells45.A.pletely B.directly C.rapidly D.slowly46.A.keeps B.es C.stays D.loses47.A.drawnoff B.madeout C.madeup D.drawnaway48.A.Gradually B.Eventually C.Immediately D.Slowly49.A.bodily B.mentally C.chemical D.surgical50.A.aswell B.asif C.asfor D.aslongas51.A.last B.wrong C.first D.right【答案】42.B43.A44.D45.B46.B47.A48.B49.A50.A51.C【解析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了冷凍手術(shù)的手術(shù)過程、原理和現(xiàn)在的應(yīng)用，最后告訴大家冷凍手術(shù)并不適用于所有人?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：這是一種將異常的身體組織暴露在極冷的溫度下而被破壞的過程。A.healthy健康的；B.abnormal異常的；C.normal正常的；D.lively活潑的。根據(jù)常識，只有異常的身體組織才需要被破壞。故選B項。【43題詳解】考查動詞。句意：這是一種將異常的身體組織暴露在極冷的溫度下而被破壞的過程。A.exposing揭露；B.applying運用；C.adapting適應(yīng)；D.leading領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。冷凍手術(shù)需要將身體組織暴露在極冷的溫度下，故選A項?！?4題詳解】考查名詞。句意：手術(shù)過程會凍結(jié)不健康的組織，而冷凍會破壞細胞。A.tissues組織；B.proteins蛋白質(zhì)；C.chemicals化學(xué)物質(zhì)；D.cells細胞。后文提到極低的溫度會直接作用于細胞。故選D項?！?5題詳解】考查副詞。句意：對于外部損傷，液氮的溫度為196℃，直接作用于細胞。A.pletely完全地；B.directly直接地；C.rapidly快速地；D.slowly緩慢地。前文提到要將身體組織直接暴露在極低的溫度下，可知此處是“直接”作用于細胞。故選B項?！?6題詳解】考查固定搭配。句意：液氮形成的冰將摧毀幾乎所有與之接觸的細胞。eincontactwith意為“接觸”，為固定短語，符合此處描述的語境。故選B項?！?7題詳解】考查動詞短語。句意：當(dāng)冰層在細胞周圍形成時，細胞內(nèi)的自由水被抽出。A.drawnoff抽出；B.madeout制成；C.madeup組成；D.drawnaway開走。后文提到當(dāng)細胞周圍的冰開始融化時，大量的自由水又回到細胞內(nèi)部?？芍颂幍?/p>