定語從句講解練習(xí)及答案

定語從句講?解一、定義：在復(fù)合句中?，修飾某一名?詞或代詞的?從句叫做定?語從句。定語定語用來限?定、修飾名詞或?代詞的，是對(duì)名詞或?代詞起修飾?、限定作用的?詞、短語（動(dòng)詞不定式?短語、動(dòng)名詞短語?和分詞短語?）或句子，漢語中常用?‘……的’表示。主要由形容?詞擔(dān)任，此外，HYPER?LINK"http://baike?.baidu?.com/view/26580?.htm"名詞，HYPER?LINK"http://baike?.baidu?.com/view/141.htm"代詞，HYPER?LINK"http://baike?.baidu?.com/view/84313?.htm"數(shù)詞，HYPER?LINK"http://baike?.baidu?.com/view/26744?.htm"分詞，HYPER?LINK"http://baike?.baidu?.com/view/149.htm"副詞，不定式以及?HYPER?LINK"http://baike?.baidu?.com/view/12115?24.htm"介詞短語也可以來擔(dān)?任，也可以由一?個(gè)句子來擔(dān)?任。單詞作定語?時(shí)通常放在?它所修飾的?詞之前，作前置定語?。短語和從句?作定語時(shí)則?放在所修飾?的詞之后，作后置定語?。定語從句是?指在一個(gè)句?子中作定語?的句子，定語從句要?放在所修飾?的詞后。如：1)Themanwholives?nexttousisapolic?eman.2)Youmustdoevery?thing?thatIdo.上面兩句中?的man和?every?thing?是定語從句?所修飾的詞?，叫先行詞，定語從句放?在先行詞的?后面。引導(dǎo)定語從?句的詞有關(guān)?系代詞th?at,which?,who(賓格who?,所有格wh?ose)和關(guān)系副詞?where?,when、why關(guān)系詞常有?三個(gè)作用：1、引導(dǎo)定語從?句2、代替先行詞?3、在定語從句?中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)?成分二、關(guān)系代詞引?導(dǎo)的定語從?句1.who指人?，在從句中做?主語(1)Theboyswhoareplayi?ngfootb?allarefromClass?One.(2)Yeste?rdayIhelpe?danoldmanwholosthisway.2.whom指?人，在定語從句?中充當(dāng)賓語?，?？墒÷浴?1)Mr.Liuistheperso?n(whom)youtalke?dabout?.注意：關(guān)系代詞w?hom在口?語和非正式?語體中常用?who代替?，可省略。(3)Themanwho/whomyoumetjustnowismyfrien?d.3.which?指物，在定語從句?中做主語或?者賓語，做賓語時(shí)可?省略(1)Footb?allisagamewhich?isliked?bymostboys.(which?在句子中做?主語)(2)Thisisthepen(which?)hebough?tyeste?rday.(which?在句子中做?賓語)4.that指?人時(shí)，相當(dāng)于wh?o或者wh?om；指物時(shí)，相當(dāng)于wh?ich。在賓語從句?中做主語或?者賓語，做賓語時(shí)可?省略。(5)Thepeopl?ethat/whocometovisit?thecityareallhere.(在句子中做?主語)(6)Where?isthemanthat/whomIsawthismorni?ng?(在句子中做?賓語)5.whose?通常指人，也可指物，在定語從句?中做定語(1)Hehasafrien?dwhose?fathe?risadocto?r.(2)Ilived?inahouse?whose?roofhasfalle?nin.whose?指物時(shí)，常用以下結(jié)?構(gòu)來代替(3)Theclass?roomwhose?doorisbroke?nwillsoonberepai?red.=Theclass?roomthedoorofwhich?isbroke?nwillsoonberepai?red.(5)Doyoulikethebookwhose?color?isyello?w?=Doyoulikethebookthecolor?ofwhich?isyello?w?注：that用法(1)不用tha?t的情況(a)在引導(dǎo)非限?定性定語從?句時(shí)。(錯(cuò))Thetree,thatisfourhundr?edyears?old,Isveryfamou?shere.(b)介詞后不能?用。Wedepen?donthelandfromwhich?wegetourfood.Wedepen?donthelandthat/which?wegetourfoodfrom.(2)只能用th?at作為定?語從句的關(guān)?系代詞的情?況(a)在ther?ebe句型中，只用tha?t，不用whi?ch。(b)在不定代詞?，如：anyth?ing,nothi?ng,theone,all等作?先行詞時(shí)，只用tha?t，不用whi?ch。(c)先行詞有t?heonly,thevery,thesame,thelast,just修?飾時(shí)，只用tha?t。(d)先行詞為序?數(shù)詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞最高?級(jí)時(shí)，只用tha?t,不能用wh?ich。.(e)先行詞既有?人，又有物時(shí)。(f)先行詞指物?，在主句中作?表語時(shí)．(g)為了避免重?復(fù)．(h)先行詞是t?heway或t?hereaso?n時(shí)，that可?作關(guān)系副詞?，也可省略(i)主句的主語?是疑問詞w?ho/which?時(shí)舉例：Isthisthebookthatyouborro?wedinthelibra?ry?這是你在圖?書館借的那?本書嗎？Whothatbreak?thewindo?wshoul?dbepunis?hed．誰打碎了窗?戶都要受到?懲罰．Allthatisneede?disasuppl?yofoil.所需的只是?供油問題。Final?ly,thethief?hande?devery?thing?thathehadstole?ntothepolic?e.那賊最終把?偷的全部東?西交給了警?察。三、關(guān)系副詞引?導(dǎo)定語從句?關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞：在句中作狀?語關(guān)系副詞=介詞+關(guān)系代詞why=forwhich?where?=in/at/on/...which?(介詞同先行?詞搭配)when=durin?g/on/in/...which?(介詞同先行?詞搭配)1.where?指地點(diǎn)，在定語從句?中做地點(diǎn)狀?語用來表示?地點(diǎn)的定語?從句。(1)Shang?haiisthecitywhere(2)Thehouse?where?Ilived?tenyearsagohasbeenpulle?ddown. 2.when引?導(dǎo)定語從句?表示時(shí)間。在定語從句?中做時(shí)間狀?語也可做連?接詞用(1)Istill?remem?berthedaywhenIfirst?cametotheschoo?l.(2)Thetimewhenwegottoget?herfinal?lycame.[注]表示時(shí)間“time"一詞的定語?從句只用w?hen引導(dǎo)?，有時(shí)不用任?何關(guān)系代詞?，當(dāng)然也不用?that引?導(dǎo)。Bythetimeyouarriv?edinLondo?n,wehadstaye?dthere?fortwoweeks?.到你到達(dá)倫?敦的時(shí)候，我們在那里?已經(jīng)待了兩?個(gè)星期。Istill?remem?berthefirst?timeImether.我仍然記得?我第一次見?到她。Eachtimehegoestobusin?esstrip,hebring?salotoflivin?gneces?sitie?s,suchastowel?s,soap,tooth?brush?etc。每一次他去?出差，他帶來了生?活必需品，如毛巾，肥皂，牙刷等，很多。3.why指原?因在定語從句?中做原因狀?語(1)Pleas?etellmethereaso?nwhyyoumisse?dtheplane?.(2)Idon’tknowthereaso?nwhyhelooks?unhap?pytoday?.注意：關(guān)系副詞引?導(dǎo)的從句可?以由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的從句?替換(1)Thereaso?nwhy/forwhich?herefus?edtheinvit?ation?isnotclear?,(2)Fromtheyearwhen/inwhich?hewasgoing?toschoo?lhebegan?toknowwhathewante?dwhenhegrewup.注：1）介詞后面的?關(guān)系代詞不?能省略。2）that前?不能有介詞?。3）某些在從句?中充當(dāng)時(shí)間?，地點(diǎn)或原因?狀語的"介詞+關(guān)系詞"結(jié)構(gòu)可以同?關(guān)系副詞w?hen,where?和why互換。Thisisthehouse?inwhich?Ilived?twoyears?ago.Thisisthehouse?where?Ilived?twoyears?ago.Doyouremem?berthedayonwhich?youjoine?dourclub?Doyouremem?berthedaywhenyoujoine?dourclub?Thisisthereaso?nwhyhecamelate.Thisisthereaso?nforwhich?hecamelate.練習(xí)(一)請(qǐng)分析一下?定語從句：(請(qǐng)劃出定語?從句，并標(biāo)出先行?詞)1.

Check?thewaysyoustudy?foranEngli?shtest.2.

Anoth?erthing?thatIfound?verydiffi?cultwasEngli?shgramm?ar.3.

Youcould?n’tunder?stand?peopl?ewhotalke?dfast.4.

Ihavesomeideas?thatmayhelp.5.

Theysaidsomet?hingyoudidn’tlike.6.

Canyouthink?ofanyprobl?emsyouhavehadrecen?tly?8.

Hewould?alway?stakepride?inevery?thing?goodIdo.9.

Myfrien?dsandItalke?dabout?therules?thatwehaveinschoo?l.10.

Whataresomeoftherules?thatateena?gershoul?dobey?12.

Ifyouknowanyon?eelsewhocolle?ctsthem,pleas?etellme.13.

Stand?ingveryclose?totheperso?nyouaretalki?ngwithisquite?commo?ninsomecount?ries.14.

Ifyouknowsomeo?neyouknowdoing?this,youcanaskthem.15.

AllIeverwante?dtodowastrave?ling.二、用關(guān)系代詞?填空：that、which?、who、whom、whose?1.

Thisistheman_____?___wants?toseeyou.2.

Thestude?nt_____?_____?_answe?redthequest?ionisZhang?Hua.3.

Theman_____?_____?youwenttoseehascome.4.

Theman_____?_____?_Imetyeste?rdaylentmesomemoney?.5.

Thewoman?_____?_____?_____?yousawisourgeogr?aphyteach?er.6.

Therunne?r_____?_____?_____?_youareaskin?gabout?isoverthere?.7.

Theperso?n_____?_____?____youshoul?dwrite?toisMr.Ball.8.

Theman_____?_____?_waspassi?ngbysawwhathappe?ned.9.

Hereisthepen_____?____youlostthedaybefor?eyeste?rday.10.

These?books?_____?_____?___youlentmewereveryusefu?l.11.

Thestory?book_____?_____?__Ihavejustreadcanno?tbeeasil?yforgo?tten.12.

Aclock?isamachi?ne_____?_tells?peopl?ethetime.13.

Thisisshirt?_____?_____?_____?Ibough?tyeste?rday.14.

Adicti?onary?isabook_____?_____?___gives?themeani?ngtotheword.15.

Thebook_____?_____?__isonthetable?ismine.16.

Thefilm_____?_____?__theyaretalki?ngabout?isveryinter?estin?g.17.

Iwillnever?forge?tthepeopl?eandtheplace?s_____?Ihaveevervisit?ed.18.

Isthere?anyon?e_____?_____?__famil?yisinBeiji?ng?19.

Showmetheboy_____?_____?____mothe?risawell-known?singe?r.20.

Theboy__?____fathe?risateach?erisgoodatEngli?sh.三、單項(xiàng)選擇()1.Yourteach?erofChine?seisayoung?lady_?___comes?fromBeiji?ng.A.who B.which? C.whom D.whose?()2.What’sthenameoftheprogr?am___?_____?.A.which?areliste?ningB.youareliste?ningtoC.tothatyouareliste?ningD.thatyouareliste?ning()3.Thestude?ntswereallinter?ested?____youtoldthemyeste?rday.A.inwhich?B.inthatthisC.allthat D.inevery?thing?()4.Hewastheonlyperso?ninhisoffic?e____?__wasinvit?ed.A.whom B.whose? C.that D.which?()5.Thisisthemuseu?m____?__wevisit?edlastyear.A.where? B.inwhich? C.which? D.inthat()6.Charl?ietoldhismothe?rall__?__hadhappe?ned.A.that B.what C.which? D.who()7.Doyouknowthestude?nt___?__?A.whomIoften?talk B.withwhoIoften?talkC.Ioften?talkwith D.thatIoften?talk()8.Ilikethehouse?_____?windo?wsfacesouth?.A.whose? B.who’s C.it's D.its()9.Would?youtellmewhere?togetthedicti?onary?_____??A.whatIneedB.Ineed C.which?IneeditD.thatIneedit()10.Theyoung?woman?_____?Ispoke?justnowisayoung?docto?r.A.who B.towhom C.whom D.that 三選擇 1-5ADACC?6-10ACABB?練習(xí)(二)1.Don’ttalkabout?suchthing?sof_____?__youarenotsure.

A.which?

B.what

C.as

D.those?5.Thewolve?shidthems?elves?intheplace?s_____?_____?could?n’tbefound?.

A.that

B.where?

C.inwhich?

D.inthat

6.Thefreez?ingpoint?isthetempe?ratur?e_____?_____?water?chang?esintoice.

A.atwhich?

B.onthat

C.inwhich?

D.ofwhat

7.Thisbookwillshowyou_____?_____?canbeusedinother?conte?xts..

A.howyouhaveobser?ved

B.whatyouhaveobser?ved

C.thatyouhaveobser?ved

D.howthatyouhaveobser?ved8.Thereaso?nis_____?_____?heisunabl?etoopera?tethemachi?ne.

A.becau?se

B.why

C.that

D.wheth?er9.I’lltellyou_____?_____?hetoldmelastweek.

A.allwhich?

B.that

C.allthat

D.which?10.Thattree,_____?_____?branc?hesarealmos?tbare,isveryold.

A.whose?

B.ofwhich?

C.inwhich?

D.onwhich?11.Ihavebough?tthesamedress?_____?_____?sheisweari?ng.

A.as

B.that

C.which?

D.what12.Hefaile?dintheexami?natio?n,_____?_____?madehisfathe?rveryangry?.

A.which?

B.it

C.that

D.what13.We’retalki?ngabout?thepiano?andthepiani?st_____?__wereintheconce?rtweatten?dedlastnight?.

A.which?

B.whom

C.who

D.that14.Thegirl_____?___anEngli?shsonginthenextroomisTom’ssiste?r.

A.whoissingi?ng

B.issingi?ng

C.sang

D.wassingi?ng15.Those?_____?__notonlyfrombooks?butalsothrou?ghpract?icewillsucce?ed.

A.learn?

B.who

C.thatlearn?s

D.wholearn?16.Anyon?e_____?___thisopini?onmayspeak?out.

A.that

again?st

B.that

again?st

C.whoisagain?st

D.whoareagain?st17.Didn’tyouseetheman_____?___?

A.Inodde?djustnow

B.whomInodde?djustnow

C.Inodde?dtohimjustnow

D.Inodde?dtojustnow18.Canyoulendmethenovel?_____?_theother?day?

A.thatyoutalke?d

B.youtalke?dabout?it

C.which?youtalke?dwith

D.youtalke?dabout?19.Isthere?anyth?ing_____?__toyou?

A.thatisbelon?ged

B.thatbelon?gs

C.thatbelon?g

D.which?belon?gs20.----“Howdoyoulikethebook?”

----“It’squite?diffe?rentfrom_____?__Ireadlastmonth?.”

A.that

B.which?

C.theone

D.theonewhat21.Mr.Zhang?gavethetextb?ooktoallthepupil?sexcep?t_____?__whohadalrea?dytaken?them.

A.theones

B.ones

C.some

D.theother?s22.Thetrain?_____?__shewastrave?lling?waslate.

A.which?

B.where?

C.onwhich?

D.inthat23.Hehaslostthekeytothedrawe?r_____?__