湖北省武漢市漢陽一中2025屆高三英語下學(xué)期三模試題含解析

PAGEPAGE24湖北省武漢市漢陽一中2025屆高三英語下學(xué)期三模試題（含解析）試卷滿分：150分第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatsportwouldthewomanliketotry?A.Badminton.B.Golf.C.Tennis.2WhatwillthemandothisSaturday?A.Takeasailingcourse.B.Goonabusinesstrip.C.Attendabirthdayparty.3.Whatdidthemandislikeaboutthefilm?A.Thestory.B.Themusic.C.Thepicture.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Whoshouldcleantheroom.B.Whentheywillcleantheroom.C.Howtheyshouldcleantheroom.5.WhydidthemanleavePennsylvania?A.Thetownwastoosmall.B.Hehadproblemswiththelanguage.C.HehadtoteachSpanishinNewJersey.其次節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatrelationisthewomantotheman?A.Hisdoctor.B.Hismother.C.HisPEteacher.7.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Takeregulartests.B.Joinahealthclub.C.Getlotsoffreshair.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9小題。8.Howdoesthewomanoftengettowork?A.Bycar.B.Bybike.C.Bybus.9.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheman'sidea?A.Reasonable.B.Unacceptable.C.Useful.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12小題。10.Whydothespeakersmakeanappointment?A.Toreviewtheirpresentation.B.Togiveapresentationtotheclass.C.Topreparematerialsforaclasspresentation.11.Whatwillthemandobeforehemeetsthewoman?A.Printoutthepaper.B.Getthebooksfromthelibrary.C.CollectinformationontheInternet.12.Whenwillthespeakersmeet?A.OnMonday.B.OnSaturday.C.OnSunday.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16小題。13.Whereistheboynow?A.Atschool.B.Athome.C.Atapizzahouse.14.Whydoesthewomanmakethephonecall?A.Toremindtheboyofhisbasketballpractice.B.Toasktheboytoordersomepizzas.C.Toleaveamessage.15.Whatisthewoman'snewmobilenumber?A.85659772B.84658722C.8465977216.Whenwilltheboy'sfatherpickhimup?A.At5:30p.m.B.At3:30p.m.C.At2:00p.m.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20小題。17.WhatwillhappenatSam'sDiscotonight?A.Itwillbeopenlonger.B.Itwillbehalfpriceallnight.C.Itwillhaveabigbirthdaypartythere.18.Wherewillthefootballmatchbeheld?A.InHenry'sCollege.B.IntheSportsCenter.C.InSouthPark.19.Whatwillthefootballersdoafterthematch?A.Attendaparty.B.Haveapicnic.C.Enjoyaconcert.20.WhenwilleverybodyarriveatThorntonForest?A.Atabout12:20p.m.B.Atabout12:30p.m.C.Atabout12:50p.m.其次部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AStudents,teachers,andlocalcommunitymembersarestronglyencouragedtoregisteronlinetoreceivereal-timeinformationofemergencyeventsfromColumbiaUniversity.Textmessagewarningswillonlybeusedinrarecaseswhereongoingeventscauseanimmediatethreatorhaveasignificantinfluence.Possiblesituationsincludesevereweatherconditions,emergencycampusclosures,crimesinprogressthatmayendangerthecommunity,andmajortransportationinterruptions.Readinstructionsonhowtosignupforemergencynotifications（通知）.ColumbiastudentsColumbiastudentscaneasilyregisterfortextmessagenotifications.SimplyenterStudentServicesOnline,clickon"TextMessageEnrollment"andaddyourcellphonenumber.Studentscanregisterparentsorfamilymembersbyfollowingtheinstructionsforthepublicbelow.ColumbiateachersColumbiateacherscanregisterfortextmessagenotificationsbyfollowingthestepbystepinstructionsbelow:●RegisterwithyourUNIandpasswordat.●Select"Faculty&Staff"atthetopofthepage.●Select"ContactDetails".●Clickthe"+"under"Phone".●Select"CampusAlert1".●Enteryourmobilenumber.Toreceiveemergencyinformationonadditionalmobilephones,youmayfollowtheaboveinstructionsfor"CampusAlert2"and"CampusAlert3"foratotalofthree.Community/GeneralPublicCommunity/GeneralPublicinterestedinreceivingemergencyinformationfromColumbiacansignupbyclickingonthe"Register"buttonontheregistrationpageandenteringtheiremailandmobilenumber.Userswillreceiveconfirmationcode（密碼）ontheirphoneandwillneedtoconfirmtheiraccountviaemail.UserscanchoosenottousetheEmergencyTextAlertSystematanytimebytextingSTOPto226787,calling226789orsendinganemailtolr27682@..1.Whichisapossiblesituationwhereatextmessagewillbesent?A.ThetemperaturewilldropslightlytomorrowB.ThecampuswillbeclosedduringChristmas.C.Themainrailwaysystemofthecityisinterrupted.D.Abankrobberisbeingsentencedinthecourtofthecity.2.Whichstepcomesbeforetheotherswhenteachersregister?A.SelectingCampusAlert. B.Enteringmobilenumbers.C.Clicking"+"under"Phone". D.Selecting"Faculty&Staff".3.Howcanusersstopreceivingtextmessages?A.Bysendinganemail.B.BytextingSTOPto226789.C.Bymanaginginformationonline.D.Bymakingaphonecallto226787.【答案】1.C2.D3.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要是關(guān)于注冊緊急短信通知的說明。【1題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章其次段“Possiblesituationsincludesevereweatherconditions,emergencycampusclosures,crimesinprogressthatmayendangerthecommunity,andmajortransportationinterruptions.（可能的狀況包括惡劣的天氣條件、校內(nèi)緊急關(guān)閉、可能危及社區(qū)的正在進(jìn)行的犯罪以及嚴(yán)峻的交通中斷。）”可知，城市的主要鐵路系統(tǒng)中斷是一種發(fā)送緊急短信提示的狀況。故選C。【2題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)Columbiateachers部分的“Select"Faculty&Staff"atthetopofthepage.（選擇頁面頂部的“教職員工”。）”可知，老師注冊時，先選“教職員工”。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章最終一段“UserscanchoosenottousetheEmergencyTextAlertSystematanytimebytextingSTOPto226787,calling226789orsendinganemailtolr27682@..（用戶可以通過發(fā)短信STOPto226787、撥打226789或發(fā)郵件至lr27682@.，隨時選擇不運用緊急短信警報系統(tǒng)。）”可知，可以通過發(fā)送郵件的方式隨時選擇不運用緊急短信警報系統(tǒng)。故選A。BIfapresident,aphilosopher,andoneofthebest-sellingwriterscreditedthesamesecretfortheirsuccess,wouldyoutrytofollowittoo?Whatifthesecretwassomethingyoualreadyknewhowtodo?Infact,youprobablydoiteveryday.Here’swhatFriedrichNietzschewrote:“Itisonlyideasgainedfromwalkingthathaveanyworth.”ThomasJefferson:“Walkingisthebestpossibleexercise.”CharlesDickens:“IfIcouldnotwalkfarandfast,IthinkIshouldjustexplodeanddie.”Researchershavefoundquitealotofconnectionsbetweenwalkingandproducingideas.AStanfordUniversitystudyfoundthatparticipantswere81percentmorecreativewhenwalkingasopposedtositting.Accordingtothestudy,walkingoutside-comparedwithonatreadmill(跑步機)-producesthemostnovelandhighest-qualityideas.Themovementaspectofwalkingisobviouslykey.Ourcreativethinkingistriggered(觸發(fā))byphysicalmovementwhichisexactlywhywalking-withyourdog,afriend,oralone-feedscreativethinking.Thesceneryisalmostasimportantasthesweat.Breakingyourroutinewithawalkcanbeacatalystforfreshunderstandingofproblemsorprojects.Justbygoingoutside,youaresteppingoutofyourfamiliarsurroundingsandyourcomfortzone,whichisnecessaryifyouwanttoopenyourmindtonewpossibilities.Youcanwalkthroughatree-filledneighborhood.Youcanwalkthroughaparkandobservepeoplejokingorbirdssinging.Beinginside,you’remorelikelytobelifeless,whichmeansyoudon’thaveenoughenergytowonderorcreate.Soinsteadofsettingafitnessgoal,whynotsetacreativitygoalthatstartswithwalking?Involveyourselfmorecloselyinyoursurroundings.Turnoffyourphoneandgiveyourselfthechancetobepresentintheworld,tohearconversationsandnaturalsounds,andtonoticethewaypeoplemoveandthewaythesunreflectsinapuddle(小水坑).4.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopic?A.Byprovidingbackground. B.Byborrowingphrasesfromgreatminds.C.Bygivingdefinition. D.Bypresentingwell-knownexamples.5.whatdoestheunderlinedword“catalyst”inparagraph4mean?A.Promoter. B.Cure.C.Hope. D.Must.6.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Natureexplorationimprovesfitness.B.Walkingonatreadmillbringsmoreenergy.C.Workingindoorsmakespeoplelesscreative.D.Familiarsurroundingsencouragenovelideas.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ExerciseinNature. B.TrainYourBrain.C.DevelopYourCreativity. D.WalkforWonder.【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了走路對于創(chuàng)建力的的激發(fā)與思維的發(fā)散所具有的重大意義?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章第一段“Here’swhatFriedrichNietzschewrote:“Itisonlyideasgainedfromwalkingthathaveanyworth.”ThomasJefferson:“Walkingisthebestpossibleexercise.”CharlesDickens:“IfIcouldnotwalkfarandfast,IthinkIshouldjustexplodeanddie.”(尼采寫道：只有從行走中獲得的想法才有價值。托馬斯：閑逛是最好的熬煉方式。狄更斯：假如我不能走得又遠(yuǎn)又快，我想我就會爆炸然后死去)”可推知，作者通過引用名人名言介紹主題。故選B?！?題詳解】詞義揣測題。依據(jù)所猜詞后面“Justbygoingoutside,youaresteppingoutofyourfamiliarsurroundingsandyourcomfortzone,whichisnecessaryifyouwanttoopenyourmindtonewpossibilities.Youcanwalkthroughatree-filledneighborhood.Youcanwalkthroughaparkandobservepeoplejokingorbirdssinging.Beinginside,you’remorelikelytobelifeless,whichmeansyoudon’thaveenoughenergytowonderorcreate.(只要走出去，你就走出了你熟識的環(huán)境和你的舒適區(qū)，假如你想打開你的頭腦，接受新的可能性，這是必要的。你可以走過一個綠樹成蔭的街區(qū)。你可以走過公園，看到人們開玩笑或鳥兒歌頌。身處其中，你更有可能毫無生氣，也就是說你沒有足夠的精力去探究和創(chuàng)建)”可知，本段介紹了閑逛帶來的好處。由此推知，閑逛會促進(jìn)你對新問題的新相識。即所猜詞的意思的為“推動、促進(jìn)”。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段最終一句“Beinginside,you’remorelikelytobelifeless,whichmeansyoudon’thaveenoughenergytowonderorcreate.(身處其中，你更有可能毫無生氣，也就是說你沒有足夠的精力去探究和創(chuàng)建)”可知，當(dāng)你身處室內(nèi)時，會使你沒有精力去探究和創(chuàng)建。即在室內(nèi)工作會降低人們的創(chuàng)建力。故選C?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)第一段中“Here’swhatFriedrichNietzschewrote:“Itisonlyideasgainedfromwalkingthathaveanyworth.”ThomasJefferson:“Walkingisthebestpossibleexercise.”CharlesDickens:“IfIcouldnotwalkfarandfast,IthinkIshouldjustexplodeanddie.”(尼采寫道：只有從行走中獲得的想法才有價值。托馬斯：閑逛是最好的熬煉方式。狄更斯：假如我不能走得又遠(yuǎn)又快，我想我就會爆炸然后死去)”可知，作者引用了名人的話來說明閑逛的好處。進(jìn)而在下文圍繞在大自然中閑逛的好處，閑逛是你獲得對新問題的新相識是推動劑。由此可推斷，本文主要講解并描述了走路對于創(chuàng)建力的激發(fā)與思維的發(fā)散的好處。即閑逛可以帶來奇跡。所以D項WalkforWonder(閑逛找尋奇跡)為最佳標(biāo)題。故選D。CEveryfourorfiveyears,vastquantitiesofwarmwaterbuildupalongthewestcoastofSouthAmerica.Thisphenomenon,ElNi?o(厄爾尼諾),createsstormsthatcausedevastatingfloods.Theresultiscostly.In2017,forinstance,ElNi?oshutdownnorthernPeru’ssugar-canebusiness.ModernfarmersviewElNi?ostoically(堅忍地).Theyusemoneysavedingoodyearstorebuildinbadones.Buthistorysuggestsitneednotbelikethat.Inapaperpublishedrecently,AriCaramanica,anarchaeologistatUniversityofthePacific,inLima,showshowitusedtobedone.Andtheanswerseemstobe,“better”.DrCaramanicaandhercolleagueshavebeenstudyingthePampadeMocan,acoastaldesertplaininnorthernPeru.PampadeMocanisnotidealforfarming.Itssoilcontainslittleorganicmatterandtheannualrainfallinnon-Ni?oyearsisusuallylessthantwocentimetres.Today’sfarmersthereforedependoncanalstocarrywaterfromlocalriverstotheirfields.Ithadbeenassumedthatancientfarmershadasimilararrangement—andsotheydid.ButDrCaramanicaalsofoundeightcanalsthatcouldcarrywaterfarbeyondtherangeofmodernfarms.Sincetheclimatewassimilartothepresentday’swhenthesecanalsweredug,andtherivernohigher,shesupposedthattheywereintendedtoguidethefloodwaterarrivingduringNi?oyears.Aroundaquarteroftheancientagriculturalinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)ofthisareaseemstohavebeenbuiltonlyformanagingNi?o-generatedfloodwater.EvidencerevealsthatPampadeMocanproducedlotsofcropsinsomeyears.DrCaramanica’steamalsodiscoveredtwocisterns(蓄水池)inthearea.These,possibly,wereusedtostorefloodwater.Thesefindingssuggestthat,ratherthanresistingElNi?o,earlyfarmersinPampadeMocanwerereadytomakeuseofitwhenitarrived.PreciselyhowtheymanagedtheirfieldsinNi?oyearsremainstobediscovered.Butmodernfarmersmightdowelltolearnfromthem.8.WhatdoweknowaboutElNi?ofromthetext?A.Itcanbeusedinfarming. B.Itisusuallycausedbyfloods.C.Ithaslittleinfluenceonbusiness. D.Itisalwaysresistedasadisaster.9.WhatmadethefarmsinPampadeMocanproductive?A.Richsoil. B.Agreeableclimate.C.Abundantrainfall. D.Agriculturalconstructions.10.What’stheauthor’sattitudetotheancientwaysofdealingwithElNi?o?A.Approving. B.Indifferent. C.Critical. D.Negative.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.SurvivingElNi?o B.LivingwithElNi?oC.FarminginDifferentTimes D.LearningfromHistory【答案】8.A9.D10.A11.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。在最近發(fā)表的一篇論文中,利馬太平洋高校的考古學(xué)家AriCaramanica展示了過去的農(nóng)夫是如何做到利用厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象來幫助農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的。文章介紹了這一探討開展的過程以及發(fā)覺。【8題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第一段其次句“Thisphenomenon,ElNi?o(厄爾尼諾),createsstormsthatcausedevastatingfloods.(這種現(xiàn)象，厄爾尼諾，制造風(fēng)暴造成毀滅性的洪水)”可知，B項Itisusuallycausedbyfloods.(厄爾尼諾是由洪水造成的)錯誤;依據(jù)文章第一段最終一句“In2017,forinstance,ElNi?oshutdownnorthernPeru’ssugar-canebusiness.(例如，2017年，厄爾尼諾關(guān)閉了秘魯北部的甘蔗業(yè)務(wù))”可知，C項Ithaslttleinfluenceonbusiness.(厄爾尼諾只對商業(yè)造成了一點影響)錯誤；依據(jù)文章第六段“Thesefindingssuggestthat,ratherthanresistingElNi?o,earlyfarmersinPampadeMocanwerereadytomakeuseofitwhenitarrived.(這些發(fā)覺表明，潘帕德莫坎的早期農(nóng)夫并沒有反抗厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象，而是在它到來時打算利用它)”可知，D項Itisalwaysresistedasadisaster.(它總是作為一種災(zāi)難而被抵制)不精確，同時證明A.Itcanbeusedinfarming.(厄爾尼諾可以用于農(nóng)業(yè))是正確的。故選A?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段“DrCaramanicaandhercolleagueshavebeenstudyingthePampadeMocan,acoastaldesertplaininnorthernPeru.PampadeMocanisnotidealforfarming.Itssoilcontainslittleorganicmatterandtheannualrainfallinnon-Ni?oyearsisusuallylessthantwocentimetres.Today’sfarmersthereforedependoncanalstocarrywaterfromlocalriverstotheirfields.(卡拉馬尼卡博士和她的同事始終在探討秘魯北部沿海沙漠平原潘帕德莫坎。潘帕德莫坎不是志向的農(nóng)業(yè)用地。土壤有機質(zhì)含量低，年降雨量在非厄爾尼諾年通常不到兩厘米。因此，今日的農(nóng)夫依靠運輸河從當(dāng)?shù)氐暮恿靼阉斔偷剿麄兊霓r(nóng)田)”以及第四段“Aroundaquarteroftheancientagriculturalinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)ofthisareaseemstohavebeenbuiltonlyformanagingNi?o-generatedfloodwater.(這個地區(qū)建立了大約四分之一的古代農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施好像只為了管理Nino-generated洪水)”可知，農(nóng)業(yè)設(shè)施使莫坎潘帕的農(nóng)場生產(chǎn)更多產(chǎn)。故選D?！?0題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段的“Aroundaquarteroftheancientagriculturalinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)ofthisareaseemstohavebeenbuiltonlyformanagingNi?o-generatedfloodwater.(這個地區(qū)的大約四分之一的古代農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施好像只為了管理Nino-generated洪水建立的)”第五段“EvidencerevealsthatPampadeMocanproducedlotsofcropsinsomeyears.DrCaramanica’steamalsodiscoveredtwocisterns(蓄水池)inthearea.These,possibly,wereusedtostorefloodwater.(證據(jù)表明，莫坎農(nóng)場在幾年內(nèi)生產(chǎn)了許多作物?？ɡ岵觳┦康膱F隊還在該地區(qū)發(fā)覺了兩個蓄水池。這些，可能是用來儲存洪水的)”可以看出，潘帕德莫坎的早期農(nóng)夫并沒有反抗厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象，而是在它到來時打算利用它。修建了諸如運輸河、蓄水池等農(nóng)業(yè)設(shè)施，方法的確是有效地。因此推斷作者對于古代處理厄爾尼諾的方法是支持的。A.Approving贊同的；B.Indifferent冷漠的；C.Critical批判的；D.Negative消極的。故選A?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。本文第三、四、五段介紹了古代農(nóng)夫是如何利用厄爾尼諾的，涉及到了與厄爾尼諾共生存這一-方面，并號召現(xiàn)代農(nóng)夫向他們學(xué)習(xí)。A.SurvivingEINino經(jīng)驗厄爾尼諾幸存下來；B.LivingwithEINino與厄爾尼諾共同生存；C.FarminginDifferentTimes不同時期的農(nóng)業(yè)；D.LearningfromHistory從歷史中學(xué)習(xí)。因此推斷B項為最佳答案。故選B。DA293-million-milejourneyoftheNASAPerseverancerover（探測器）toMars:endedsuccessfullyonFebruary18,2024,withapicture-perfectlandinginsidetheJezeroCrater.Thecar-sized,six-wheeledrover,nicknamedPercyistheUSspaceagency'sbiggestandmostadvancedexplorertodate.Itsprimarymissionistosearchforsignsofancientmicrobial（微生物的）lifeonMars.LandingonMarsisextremelytricky.TheRedPlanet'sgravitationalpullcausesapproachingspacecrafttogofastertohighspeeds,whileitsthinatmosphere-just1percentthatofEarth's-doeslittletohelpslowitdownasitapproachesthesurface.ThescientistshadtoreducePercy's12,000mphspeedtoasafelandingspeedoflessthanfivemph-injustsixandahalfminutes.Thetargetentryanglealsohadtobeaprecise12degrees-anysteeper,andthespacecraftwouldburnup;anyflatter,anditwouldgetlostinspace.Itisnowonderthatthefinalapproachisoftenreferredtoasthe"sevenminutesofterror."Uponattainingamanageablespeed,PercybrieflyflewovertheMartiansurfacetoseekouttheperfectlandingspot.Itscomplexmap-readingsystemrapidlyscannedtheareaandmatcheditwithmapsinitsdatabasetofindthebestlocation.TheNASAscientistswillspendthenexttwomonthstestingPercy'sscientificinstruments.Onceready,theroverwillbegintocarryoutitsmission."Perseveranceisthesmartestrobotevermade,butconfirmingthatmicrobiallifeonceexistedcarriesanunusuallylargeburdenofproof,"saidLoriGlaze,directorofNASA'sPlanetaryScienceDivision."Whilewe'lllearnalotwiththegreatinstrumentswehaveaboardtherover,itmayverywellrequirethefarmorewell-equippedlaboratoriesanddelicateinstrumentsbackhereonEarthtotelluswhetheroursamples（樣本）carryevidencethatMarsonceharboredlife."12.WhatistheextraordinarychallengefortherovertolandonMars?A.Thespeedreduction. B.Theatmosphereanalysis.C.Thelocationsearch. D.Thetimemanagement.13.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Waystofindthepreciseentryangle.B.Consequencesofwrongentrydegree.C.Factorstosurvive"thesevenminutes".D.Reasonsforthenecessityofspeedreducing.14.Whatdoes"it"refertoinparagraph4?A.Thespot. B.Thearea. C.Thesystem. D.Thesurface.15.WhatcanbeinferredfromLoriGlaze'swords?AInstrumentsaboardtheroverarenotquitereliable.B.Perseveranceisabletocollectenoughevidenceneeded.C.ManstillhaslongwaytogotoprovelifewasonMars.D.SamplesofMarswillbereturnedsoontoourlabsontheearth.【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了美國航天局“毅力號”火星探測器勝利登陸火星?！?2題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中“TheRedPlanet'sgravitationalpullcausesapproachingspacecrafttogofastertohighspeedswhileitsthinatmosphere-just1percentthatofEarth's-doeslittletohelpslowitdownasitapproachesthesurface.”（這顆紅色行星的引力使接近的宇宙飛船以更快的速度高速飛行，而它淡薄的大氣層——只有地球大氣層的1%——在它接近表面時幾乎無助于減緩它的速度。）可知，宇宙飛船在火星上著陸時，減緩它的速度是特別重要的。選項A.“Thespeedreduction.”（減速）與文意一樣，故選A?！?3題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)第三段“ThescientistshadtoreducePercy's12,000mphspeedtoasafelandingspeedoflessthanfivemph-injustsixandahalfminutes.Thetargetentryanglealsohadtobeaprecise12degrees-anysteeper,andthespacecraftwouldburnup;anyflatter,anditwouldgetlostinspace.”（科學(xué)家們不得不將毅力號的12000英里每小時的平安著陸速度降低到5英里每小時以下——僅僅須要6.5分鐘。目標(biāo)進(jìn)入角度也必需精確到12度，再陡一點，飛船就會燃燒，再平一點，飛船就會在太空中迷失。）最終一句“Itisnowonderthatthefinalapproachisoftenreferredtoasthe"sevenminutesofterror."”（難怪最終的接近通常被稱為”恐怖七分鐘”）可以推知，本段主要描述的是影響“恐怖七分鐘”的因素。選項C.“Factorstosurvive"thesevenminutes".”（7分鐘內(nèi)存活下來的因素。）與文意相符，故選C。【14題詳解】詞句揣測題。結(jié)合it前的“scannedtheareaandmatched”及之后的“withmapsinitsdatabasetofindthebestlocation”可知，it此處指代的為“thearea”，意為“掃描該地區(qū)，并與其數(shù)據(jù)庫中的地圖進(jìn)行匹配來找到最佳著陸點”，選項B符合題意，故選B。【15題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中“Perseveranceisthesmartestrobotevermade,butconfirmingthatmicrobiallifeonceexistedcarriesanunusuallylargeburdenofproof,”（“毅力號”是有史以來最聰慧的機器人，但是要證明微生物曾經(jīng)存在過卻須要大量的證據(jù)。）及“Whilewe'lllearnalotwiththegreatinstrumentswehaveaboardtherover,itmayverywellrequirethefarmorewell-equippedlaboratoriesanddelicateinstrumentsbackhereonEarthtotelluswhetheroursamples（樣本）carryevidencethatMarsonceharboredlife”（雖然我們可以從火星車上的儀器上學(xué)到許多東西，但是這很可能須要地球上裝備更好的試驗室和精密儀器來告知我們，我們的樣本是否攜帶火星曾經(jīng)孕育過生命的證據(jù)。）可以推知，要證明火星上是否曾經(jīng)孕育過生命，我們須要大量的證據(jù)、更好的試驗室裝備和精密儀器。選項C.“ManstillhaslongwaytogotoprovelifewasonMars.”（要證明火星上有生命，人類還有很長的路要走。）與文意相符，故選C。其次節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。Adogsnoringawaytheafternoononthelivingroomfloor.Walrusessnoozingonabeach.LionssprawledoutontheSerengeti.Ahippodozingonamudbank.___16___Whydothesemammalsseemtobegettingsomuchmoresleepthanhumans?Dotheyactuallyneedmoresleep?Aretheyjustsleepingbecausetheycan?Shouldhumansbesleepingmore,too?Bepreparedforasurprisingandfascinatinganswertothesequestions：___17___Thoughconstantlystudied,sleepisoneofthegreatmysteriesmodernsciencehasn'tcompletelycracked.Wereallydon'tknowwhatsleepisfor."Dr.DavidRaizen,anassociateprofessorofneurologysaid.Oneideaisthatsteepinmammalshastodowithbodysizeanddiet,accordingtoa2005studyinthejournalNature.___18___Areasonforthismaybethatthelargerananimalis,themorecaloriesitneeds,andthemoretimeitneedstospendeating.___19___Sleepiscomplex,hardtomeasureinwildanimalsandevenhardertointerpret.It'simportanttorememberthatsomedifferencesinobservedsleepmightnotbewhattheyseem.Justbecauseahousecatsleepsfor18hoursadaydoesn'tmeanitneedsallthatsleeptofunction,Raizensaid.___20___Raizensaidthemostimportantthingisforpeopletolistentotheirbodiesandgetasmuchsleepastheyfeeltheyneed-whichisabouteighthoursformostfolksbutmightbeasfewasfiveandasmanyaseleven.A.Nobodyknows.B.Asforhumansleep?C.Dr.Davidwilltellthetruth.D.However,thematterisfarfromsettled.E.Thesesleepyscenesmaymakepeoplepuzzled.F.Manystudiesofmammaliansleephavebeencarriedoutsofar.G.Scientistshaveobservedlesssleepisrelatedtoalargerbody.【答案】16.E17.A18.G19.D20.B【解析】【分析】本文是說明文。主要講解并描述了包括人類在內(nèi)的哺乳動物的一些睡眠現(xiàn)象，并分析了可能的緣由，盡管睡眠常常被探討，但睡眠仍舊是現(xiàn)代科學(xué)尚未完全破解的最大謎團之一?！?6題詳解】由前文“Adogsnoringawaytheafternoononthelivingroomfloor.Walrusessnoozingonabeach.LionssprawledoutontheSerengeti.Ahippodozingonamudbank.”可知，描寫了四種哺乳動物∶狗，海象，獅子與河馬打盹的景象，E項中的“Thesesleepyscenes”承接上文，“makepeoplepuzzled”呼應(yīng)下文的“why”。E項“這些睡眠場景可能讓人不解”符合語境。故選E?！?7題詳解】前文“Bepreparedforasurprisingandfascinatinganswertothesequestions”(為這些問題令人驚訝和迷人答案做好打算)說明答案是令人驚訝的，結(jié)合下段首句“Thoughconstantlystudied,sleepisoneofthegreatmysteriesmodernsciencehasn'tcompletelycracked.”可知，下文說明白科學(xué)家的探討，人類的睡眠是否越多越好并沒有明確的答案，A項中的“Nobodyknows.（沒人知道）”符合語境，承上啟下。故選A?！?8題詳解】上文“Oneideaisthatsteepinmammalshastodowithbodysizeanddiet”說明，睡眠不足與體型增大有關(guān)，下文“Areasonforthismaybethatthelargerananimalis,themorecaloriesitneeds,andthemoretimeitneedstospendeating.”說明其中一個緣由可能是，動物越大，須要的卡路里閱讀，G項中的“l(fā)esssleepisrelatedtoalargerbody”一樣。G項“科學(xué)家已經(jīng)視察到更少的睡眠和更大的體型有關(guān)”符合語境，故選G?！?9題詳解】前文講到“sleepinmammalshastodowithbodysizeanddiet”（哺乳動物的睡眠與身體大小及飲食有關(guān)）下文又說“Sleepiscomplex，hardtomeasureinwildanimalsandevenhardertointerpret.”（野生動物的睡眠很困難，難以測量，更難說明），兩種觀點不一樣，D項中的however表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，因此推斷D項“然而，事情遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)沒有解決”符合語境，引出下文內(nèi)容。故選D?！?0題詳解】前面段落陳述一般哺乳動物的睡眠，下文內(nèi)容“Raizensaidthemostimportantthingisforpeopletolistentotheirbodiesandgetasmuchsleepastheyfeeltheyneed”描述了人類的睡眠，因此可知此段轉(zhuǎn)到人類睡眠時間的問題上來。B項“關(guān)于人類的睡眠呢？”符合語境。故選B。第三部分英語學(xué)問運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Iwasreadyforbed.Myeyesfellonthemusical____21____onmybedsidetable.InitwasaphotoofDadsmiling,andonceopened,itwouldplayhis____22____songrecordedbeforehisdeath.Itwaspropped(支，撐)openjustenoughsotherecordingwouldn'tplay.Dadwasa____23____man.Hewasalwayssingingmehislittlemade-upsongstosharejoyalthoughhewas____24____off-key,nothittingeverynote.Dadwasamanwithbigheart.Whenmyhouseburneddownafewyearsago,Dad____25____myfamilyintohishome.Whenwetriedtooffersome____26____,hesaidwithhischaracteristicvoice,"Don'tbe____27____!"Withhappy____28____,Ifellasleep."Beautifulandmarvelous-!"Suddenly,wasawokenhourslaterbythe____29____song.Thecard!Isnappeditshut(啪的一聲合上).Howdidthatcardjuststartplaying?Icheckedthewindows,alltightlyshut.Butwhycouldn'tI____30____thefeelingthatsomethingwaswrong?Idecidedto____31____downstairs.Openingthedoortothelaundryroom,Iwashitwithastrongsmellof____32____.Theheatlamphadfallen,andthecarpetwasburning.The____33____wasn'ttoobad.Iletoutashakybreathwith____34____.Whatcouldhavehappened?Perhapsanotherhousefire...Butweweresafe.AllthankstoDad'sone-of-a-kind____35____.21.A.card B.record C.box D.clock22.A.sad B.particular C.strange D.religious23.A.powerful B.joyful C.traditional D.reliable24.A.hardly B.intentionally C.typically D.annoyingly25.A.moved B.frightened C.dragged D.tricked26.A.tips B.protection C.rent D.opportunities27.A.careful B.mean C.sensible D.ridiculous28.A.endings B.songs C.wishes D.memories29.A.embarrassing B.familiar C.classic D.beautiful30.A.shake B.believe C.express D.tolerate31.A.observe B.check C.test D.wander32.A.cigarettes B.chemicals C.smoke D.cooking33.A.influence B.reflection C.damage D.change34.A.satisfaction B.regret C.excitement D.relief35.A.voice B.kindness C.generosity D.heart【答案】21.A22.B23.B24.C25.A26.C27.D28.D29.B30.A31.B32.C33.C34.D35.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講解并描述了作者在看到床頭柜前的音樂卡片時，回憶起和父親生前一起的歡樂。隨后在作者睡覺時，音樂卡片的播放聲音驚醒了作者。接下來當(dāng)作者下樓檢查后，發(fā)覺燈掉了下來，點燃了地毯。父親的聲音讓作者避開了一場火災(zāi)?！驹斀狻?.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的眼睛落在床頭柜上的音樂卡片上。A.card卡片；B.record唱片；C.box盒子；D.clock鐘表。依據(jù)下文“Thecard!”可知，此處指床頭柜上放著卡片。故選A。2.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：里面有一張爸爸微笑的照片，一旦打開，就會播放他死前錄制的那首特殊的歌。A.sad哀痛的；B.particular特殊的；獨特的；C.strange驚奇的；D.religious宗教的；虔誠的。依據(jù)下文“songrecordedbeforehisdeath”可知，此處指他活著的時候錄制的他的特有的歌。故選B。3.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：爸爸是個歡樂的人。A.powerful有力的；強大的；B.joyful歡樂的；C.traditional傳統(tǒng)的；D.reliable牢靠的。依據(jù)下文“Hewasalwayssingingmehislittlemade-upsongstosharejoy”可知，父親是一個歡樂的人。故選B。4.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他總是給我唱他編的歌來共享歡樂，雖然他總是跑調(diào)，不是每個音都唱準(zhǔn)。A.hardly幾乎不；B.intentionally有意地；特意地；C.typically典型地；通常地；D.annoyingly惱人地；煩人地。依據(jù)上文“Hewasalwayssingingme”下文“nothittingeverynote”可知，此處指他通常會跑調(diào)。故選C。5.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：幾年前我的房子被燒毀時，爸爸讓我們家搬進(jìn)了他的房子。A.moved移動；B.frightened恐嚇；C.dragged拖；D.tricked欺瞞。依據(jù)上文“myhouseburneddown”下文“myfamilyintohishome”可知，此處指爸爸讓我們?nèi)野徇M(jìn)他的家。故選A。6.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我們試圖供應(yīng)一些租金，他用他特有的聲音說：“別傻了！”A.tips建議；B.protection愛護；C.rent租金；D.opportunities機會。依據(jù)前文“Dad5myfamilyintohishome”，可知此處指我們供應(yīng)租金給爸爸，故選C。7.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.careful細(xì)致的；B.mean吝嗇的；C.sensible明智的；敏感的；D.ridiculous荒謬的；可笑的。依據(jù)上文“Dad5myfamilyintohishome.wetriedtooffersome6,”可知，爸爸讓我們?nèi)野徇M(jìn)她家，我們要給爸爸租金。此處指爸爸認(rèn)為作者的做法可笑。故選D。8.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：帶著美妙的回憶，我睡著了。A.endings結(jié)尾；B.songs歌曲；C.wishes祝福；D.memories回憶；記憶。依據(jù)上文作者對爸爸的回憶，此處指回憶著父親活著時的歡樂時候，我睡著了。故選D。9.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：突然，幾小時后被熟識的歌聲喚醒。A.embarrassing令人尷尬的；B.familiar熟識的；C.classic經(jīng)典的；古典的；D.beautiful美麗的。依據(jù)上文“itwouldplayhis2songrecordedbeforehisdeath”下文“Howdidthatcardjuststartplaying?”可知此處指父親唱歌的聲音，所