湖北省武漢市漢陽(yáng)一中2025屆高三英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期三模試題含解析

PAGEPAGE24湖北省武漢市漢陽(yáng)一中2025屆高三英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期三模試題（含解析）試卷滿分：150分第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatsportwouldthewomanliketotry?A.Badminton.B.Golf.C.Tennis.2WhatwillthemandothisSaturday?A.Takeasailingcourse.B.Goonabusinesstrip.C.Attendabirthdayparty.3.Whatdidthemandislikeaboutthefilm?A.Thestory.B.Themusic.C.Thepicture.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Whoshouldcleantheroom.B.Whentheywillcleantheroom.C.Howtheyshouldcleantheroom.5.WhydidthemanleavePennsylvania?A.Thetownwastoosmall.B.Hehadproblemswiththelanguage.C.HehadtoteachSpanishinNewJersey.其次節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatrelationisthewomantotheman?A.Hisdoctor.B.Hismother.C.HisPEteacher.7.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Takeregulartests.B.Joinahealthclub.C.Getlotsoffreshair.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9小題。8.Howdoesthewomanoftengettowork?A.Bycar.B.Bybike.C.Bybus.9.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheman'sidea?A.Reasonable.B.Unacceptable.C.Useful.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12小題。10.Whydothespeakersmakeanappointment?A.Toreviewtheirpresentation.B.Togiveapresentationtotheclass.C.Topreparematerialsforaclasspresentation.11.Whatwillthemandobeforehemeetsthewoman?A.Printoutthepaper.B.Getthebooksfromthelibrary.C.CollectinformationontheInternet.12.Whenwillthespeakersmeet?A.OnMonday.B.OnSaturday.C.OnSunday.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16小題。13.Whereistheboynow?A.Atschool.B.Athome.C.Atapizzahouse.14.Whydoesthewomanmakethephonecall?A.Toremindtheboyofhisbasketballpractice.B.Toasktheboytoordersomepizzas.C.Toleaveamessage.15.Whatisthewoman'snewmobilenumber?A.85659772B.84658722C.8465977216.Whenwilltheboy'sfatherpickhimup?A.At5:30p.m.B.At3:30p.m.C.At2:00p.m.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20小題。17.WhatwillhappenatSam'sDiscotonight?A.Itwillbeopenlonger.B.Itwillbehalfpriceallnight.C.Itwillhaveabigbirthdaypartythere.18.Wherewillthefootballmatchbeheld?A.InHenry'sCollege.B.IntheSportsCenter.C.InSouthPark.19.Whatwillthefootballersdoafterthematch?A.Attendaparty.B.Haveapicnic.C.Enjoyaconcert.20.WhenwilleverybodyarriveatThorntonForest?A.Atabout12:20p.m.B.Atabout12:30p.m.C.Atabout12:50p.m.其次部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AStudents,teachers,andlocalcommunitymembersarestronglyencouragedtoregisteronlinetoreceivereal-timeinformationofemergencyeventsfromColumbiaUniversity.Textmessagewarningswillonlybeusedinrarecaseswhereongoingeventscauseanimmediatethreatorhaveasignificantinfluence.Possiblesituationsincludesevereweatherconditions,emergencycampusclosures,crimesinprogressthatmayendangerthecommunity,andmajortransportationinterruptions.Readinstructionsonhowtosignupforemergencynotifications（通知）.ColumbiastudentsColumbiastudentscaneasilyregisterfortextmessagenotifications.SimplyenterStudentServicesOnline,clickon"TextMessageEnrollment"andaddyourcellphonenumber.Studentscanregisterparentsorfamilymembersbyfollowingtheinstructionsforthepublicbelow.ColumbiateachersColumbiateacherscanregisterfortextmessagenotificationsbyfollowingthestepbystepinstructionsbelow:●RegisterwithyourUNIandpasswordat.●Select"Faculty&Staff"atthetopofthepage.●Select"ContactDetails".●Clickthe"+"under"Phone".●Select"CampusAlert1".●Enteryourmobilenumber.Toreceiveemergencyinformationonadditionalmobilephones,youmayfollowtheaboveinstructionsfor"CampusAlert2"and"CampusAlert3"foratotalofthree.Community/GeneralPublicCommunity/GeneralPublicinterestedinreceivingemergencyinformationfromColumbiacansignupbyclickingonthe"Register"buttonontheregistrationpageandenteringtheiremailandmobilenumber.Userswillreceiveconfirmationcode（密碼）ontheirphoneandwillneedtoconfirmtheiraccountviaemail.UserscanchoosenottousetheEmergencyTextAlertSystematanytimebytextingSTOPto226787,calling226789orsendinganemailtolr27682@..1.Whichisapossiblesituationwhereatextmessagewillbesent?A.ThetemperaturewilldropslightlytomorrowB.ThecampuswillbeclosedduringChristmas.C.Themainrailwaysystemofthecityisinterrupted.D.Abankrobberisbeingsentencedinthecourtofthecity.2.Whichstepcomesbeforetheotherswhenteachersregister?A.SelectingCampusAlert. B.Enteringmobilenumbers.C.Clicking"+"under"Phone". D.Selecting"Faculty&Staff".3.Howcanusersstopreceivingtextmessages?A.Bysendinganemail.B.BytextingSTOPto226789.C.Bymanaginginformationonline.D.Bymakingaphonecallto226787.【答案】1.C2.D3.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要是關(guān)于注冊(cè)緊急短信通知的說(shuō)明。【1題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章其次段“Possiblesituationsincludesevereweatherconditions,emergencycampusclosures,crimesinprogressthatmayendangerthecommunity,andmajortransportationinterruptions.（可能的狀況包括惡劣的天氣條件、校內(nèi)緊急關(guān)閉、可能危及社區(qū)的正在進(jìn)行的犯罪以及嚴(yán)峻的交通中斷。）”可知，城市的主要鐵路系統(tǒng)中斷是一種發(fā)送緊急短信提示的狀況。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)Columbiateachers部分的“Select"Faculty&Staff"atthetopofthepage.（選擇頁(yè)面頂部的“教職員工”。）”可知，老師注冊(cè)時(shí)，先選“教職員工”。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章最終一段“UserscanchoosenottousetheEmergencyTextAlertSystematanytimebytextingSTOPto226787,calling226789orsendinganemailtolr27682@..（用戶可以通過(guò)發(fā)短信STOPto226787、撥打226789或發(fā)郵件至lr27682@.，隨時(shí)選擇不運(yùn)用緊急短信警報(bào)系統(tǒng)。）”可知，可以通過(guò)發(fā)送郵件的方式隨時(shí)選擇不運(yùn)用緊急短信警報(bào)系統(tǒng)。故選A。BIfapresident,aphilosopher,andoneofthebest-sellingwriterscreditedthesamesecretfortheirsuccess,wouldyoutrytofollowittoo?Whatifthesecretwassomethingyoualreadyknewhowtodo?Infact,youprobablydoiteveryday.Here’swhatFriedrichNietzschewrote:“Itisonlyideasgainedfromwalkingthathaveanyworth.”ThomasJefferson:“Walkingisthebestpossibleexercise.”CharlesDickens:“IfIcouldnotwalkfarandfast,IthinkIshouldjustexplodeanddie.”Researchershavefoundquitealotofconnectionsbetweenwalkingandproducingideas.AStanfordUniversitystudyfoundthatparticipantswere81percentmorecreativewhenwalkingasopposedtositting.Accordingtothestudy,walkingoutside-comparedwithonatreadmill(跑步機(jī))-producesthemostnovelandhighest-qualityideas.Themovementaspectofwalkingisobviouslykey.Ourcreativethinkingistriggered(觸發(fā))byphysicalmovementwhichisexactlywhywalking-withyourdog,afriend,oralone-feedscreativethinking.Thesceneryisalmostasimportantasthesweat.Breakingyourroutinewithawalkcanbeacatalystforfreshunderstandingofproblemsorprojects.Justbygoingoutside,youaresteppingoutofyourfamiliarsurroundingsandyourcomfortzone,whichisnecessaryifyouwanttoopenyourmindtonewpossibilities.Youcanwalkthroughatree-filledneighborhood.Youcanwalkthroughaparkandobservepeoplejokingorbirdssinging.Beinginside,you’remorelikelytobelifeless,whichmeansyoudon’thaveenoughenergytowonderorcreate.Soinsteadofsettingafitnessgoal,whynotsetacreativitygoalthatstartswithwalking?Involveyourselfmorecloselyinyoursurroundings.Turnoffyourphoneandgiveyourselfthechancetobepresentintheworld,tohearconversationsandnaturalsounds,andtonoticethewaypeoplemoveandthewaythesunreflectsinapuddle(小水坑).4.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopic?A.Byprovidingbackground. B.Byborrowingphrasesfromgreatminds.C.Bygivingdefinition. D.Bypresentingwell-knownexamples.5.whatdoestheunderlinedword“catalyst”inparagraph4mean?A.Promoter. B.Cure.C.Hope. D.Must.6.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Natureexplorationimprovesfitness.B.Walkingonatreadmillbringsmoreenergy.C.Workingindoorsmakespeoplelesscreative.D.Familiarsurroundingsencouragenovelideas.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ExerciseinNature. B.TrainYourBrain.C.DevelopYourCreativity. D.WalkforWonder.【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了走路對(duì)于創(chuàng)建力的的激發(fā)與思維的發(fā)散所具有的重大意義?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章第一段“Here’swhatFriedrichNietzschewrote:“Itisonlyideasgainedfromwalkingthathaveanyworth.”ThomasJefferson:“Walkingisthebestpossibleexercise.”CharlesDickens:“IfIcouldnotwalkfarandfast,IthinkIshouldjustexplodeanddie.”(尼采寫道：只有從行走中獲得的想法才有價(jià)值。托馬斯：閑逛是最好的熬煉方式。狄更斯：假如我不能走得又遠(yuǎn)又快，我想我就會(huì)爆炸然后死去)”可推知，作者通過(guò)引用名人名言介紹主題。故選B?！?題詳解】詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)所猜詞后面“Justbygoingoutside,youaresteppingoutofyourfamiliarsurroundingsandyourcomfortzone,whichisnecessaryifyouwanttoopenyourmindtonewpossibilities.Youcanwalkthroughatree-filledneighborhood.Youcanwalkthroughaparkandobservepeoplejokingorbirdssinging.Beinginside,you’remorelikelytobelifeless,whichmeansyoudon’thaveenoughenergytowonderorcreate.(只要走出去，你就走出了你熟識(shí)的環(huán)境和你的舒適區(qū)，假如你想打開(kāi)你的頭腦，接受新的可能性，這是必要的。你可以走過(guò)一個(gè)綠樹(shù)成蔭的街區(qū)。你可以走過(guò)公園，看到人們開(kāi)玩笑或鳥(niǎo)兒歌頌。身處其中，你更有可能毫無(wú)生氣，也就是說(shuō)你沒(méi)有足夠的精力去探究和創(chuàng)建)”可知，本段介紹了閑逛帶來(lái)的好處。由此推知，閑逛會(huì)促進(jìn)你對(duì)新問(wèn)題的新相識(shí)。即所猜詞的意思的為“推動(dòng)、促進(jìn)”。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段最終一句“Beinginside,you’remorelikelytobelifeless,whichmeansyoudon’thaveenoughenergytowonderorcreate.(身處其中，你更有可能毫無(wú)生氣，也就是說(shuō)你沒(méi)有足夠的精力去探究和創(chuàng)建)”可知，當(dāng)你身處室內(nèi)時(shí)，會(huì)使你沒(méi)有精力去探究和創(chuàng)建。即在室內(nèi)工作會(huì)降低人們的創(chuàng)建力。故選C?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)第一段中“Here’swhatFriedrichNietzschewrote:“Itisonlyideasgainedfromwalkingthathaveanyworth.”ThomasJefferson:“Walkingisthebestpossibleexercise.”CharlesDickens:“IfIcouldnotwalkfarandfast,IthinkIshouldjustexplodeanddie.”(尼采寫道：只有從行走中獲得的想法才有價(jià)值。托馬斯：閑逛是最好的熬煉方式。狄更斯：假如我不能走得又遠(yuǎn)又快，我想我就會(huì)爆炸然后死去)”可知，作者引用了名人的話來(lái)說(shuō)明閑逛的好處。進(jìn)而在下文圍繞在大自然中閑逛的好處，閑逛是你獲得對(duì)新問(wèn)題的新相識(shí)是推動(dòng)劑。由此可推斷，本文主要講解并描述了走路對(duì)于創(chuàng)建力的激發(fā)與思維的發(fā)散的好處。即閑逛可以帶來(lái)奇跡。所以D項(xiàng)WalkforWonder(閑逛找尋奇跡)為最佳標(biāo)題。故選D。CEveryfourorfiveyears,vastquantitiesofwarmwaterbuildupalongthewestcoastofSouthAmerica.Thisphenomenon,ElNi?o(厄爾尼諾),createsstormsthatcausedevastatingfloods.Theresultiscostly.In2017,forinstance,ElNi?oshutdownnorthernPeru’ssugar-canebusiness.ModernfarmersviewElNi?ostoically(堅(jiān)忍地).Theyusemoneysavedingoodyearstorebuildinbadones.Buthistorysuggestsitneednotbelikethat.Inapaperpublishedrecently,AriCaramanica,anarchaeologistatUniversityofthePacific,inLima,showshowitusedtobedone.Andtheanswerseemstobe,“better”.DrCaramanicaandhercolleagueshavebeenstudyingthePampadeMocan,acoastaldesertplaininnorthernPeru.PampadeMocanisnotidealforfarming.Itssoilcontainslittleorganicmatterandtheannualrainfallinnon-Ni?oyearsisusuallylessthantwocentimetres.Today’sfarmersthereforedependoncanalstocarrywaterfromlocalriverstotheirfields.Ithadbeenassumedthatancientfarmershadasimilararrangement—andsotheydid.ButDrCaramanicaalsofoundeightcanalsthatcouldcarrywaterfarbeyondtherangeofmodernfarms.Sincetheclimatewassimilartothepresentday’swhenthesecanalsweredug,andtherivernohigher,shesupposedthattheywereintendedtoguidethefloodwaterarrivingduringNi?oyears.Aroundaquarteroftheancientagriculturalinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)ofthisareaseemstohavebeenbuiltonlyformanagingNi?o-generatedfloodwater.EvidencerevealsthatPampadeMocanproducedlotsofcropsinsomeyears.DrCaramanica’steamalsodiscoveredtwocisterns(蓄水池)inthearea.These,possibly,wereusedtostorefloodwater.Thesefindingssuggestthat,ratherthanresistingElNi?o,earlyfarmersinPampadeMocanwerereadytomakeuseofitwhenitarrived.PreciselyhowtheymanagedtheirfieldsinNi?oyearsremainstobediscovered.Butmodernfarmersmightdowelltolearnfromthem.8.WhatdoweknowaboutElNi?ofromthetext?A.Itcanbeusedinfarming. B.Itisusuallycausedbyfloods.C.Ithaslittleinfluenceonbusiness. D.Itisalwaysresistedasadisaster.9.WhatmadethefarmsinPampadeMocanproductive?A.Richsoil. B.Agreeableclimate.C.Abundantrainfall. D.Agriculturalconstructions.10.What’stheauthor’sattitudetotheancientwaysofdealingwithElNi?o?A.Approving. B.Indifferent. C.Critical. D.Negative.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.SurvivingElNi?o B.LivingwithElNi?oC.FarminginDifferentTimes D.LearningfromHistory【答案】8.A9.D10.A11.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。在最近發(fā)表的一篇論文中,利馬太平洋高校的考古學(xué)家AriCaramanica展示了過(guò)去的農(nóng)夫是如何做到利用厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象來(lái)幫助農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的。文章介紹了這一探討開(kāi)展的過(guò)程以及發(fā)覺(jué)?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第一段其次句“Thisphenomenon,ElNi?o(厄爾尼諾),createsstormsthatcausedevastatingfloods.(這種現(xiàn)象，厄爾尼諾，制造風(fēng)暴造成毀滅性的洪水)”可知，B項(xiàng)Itisusuallycausedbyfloods.(厄爾尼諾是由洪水造成的)錯(cuò)誤;依據(jù)文章第一段最終一句“In2017,forinstance,ElNi?oshutdownnorthernPeru’ssugar-canebusiness.(例如，2017年，厄爾尼諾關(guān)閉了秘魯北部的甘蔗業(yè)務(wù))”可知，C項(xiàng)Ithaslttleinfluenceonbusiness.(厄爾尼諾只對(duì)商業(yè)造成了一點(diǎn)影響)錯(cuò)誤；依據(jù)文章第六段“Thesefindingssuggestthat,ratherthanresistingElNi?o,earlyfarmersinPampadeMocanwerereadytomakeuseofitwhenitarrived.(這些發(fā)覺(jué)表明，潘帕德莫坎的早期農(nóng)夫并沒(méi)有反抗厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象，而是在它到來(lái)時(shí)打算利用它)”可知，D項(xiàng)Itisalwaysresistedasadisaster.(它總是作為一種災(zāi)難而被抵制)不精確，同時(shí)證明A.Itcanbeusedinfarming.(厄爾尼諾可以用于農(nóng)業(yè))是正確的。故選A。【9題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段“DrCaramanicaandhercolleagueshavebeenstudyingthePampadeMocan,acoastaldesertplaininnorthernPeru.PampadeMocanisnotidealforfarming.Itssoilcontainslittleorganicmatterandtheannualrainfallinnon-Ni?oyearsisusuallylessthantwocentimetres.Today’sfarmersthereforedependoncanalstocarrywaterfromlocalriverstotheirfields.(卡拉馬尼卡博士和她的同事始終在探討秘魯北部沿海沙漠平原潘帕德莫坎。潘帕德莫坎不是志向的農(nóng)業(yè)用地。土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)含量低，年降雨量在非厄爾尼諾年通常不到兩厘米。因此，今日的農(nóng)夫依靠運(yùn)輸河從當(dāng)?shù)氐暮恿靼阉斔偷剿麄兊霓r(nóng)田)”以及第四段“Aroundaquarteroftheancientagriculturalinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)ofthisareaseemstohavebeenbuiltonlyformanagingNi?o-generatedfloodwater.(這個(gè)地區(qū)建立了大約四分之一的古代農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施好像只為了管理Nino-generated洪水)”可知，農(nóng)業(yè)設(shè)施使莫坎潘帕的農(nóng)場(chǎng)生產(chǎn)更多產(chǎn)。故選D?！?0題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段的“Aroundaquarteroftheancientagriculturalinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)ofthisareaseemstohavebeenbuiltonlyformanagingNi?o-generatedfloodwater.(這個(gè)地區(qū)的大約四分之一的古代農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施好像只為了管理Nino-generated洪水建立的)”第五段“EvidencerevealsthatPampadeMocanproducedlotsofcropsinsomeyears.DrCaramanica’steamalsodiscoveredtwocisterns(蓄水池)inthearea.These,possibly,wereusedtostorefloodwater.(證據(jù)表明，莫坎農(nóng)場(chǎng)在幾年內(nèi)生產(chǎn)了許多作物?？ɡ岵觳┦康膱F(tuán)隊(duì)還在該地區(qū)發(fā)覺(jué)了兩個(gè)蓄水池。這些，可能是用來(lái)儲(chǔ)存洪水的)”可以看出，潘帕德莫坎的早期農(nóng)夫并沒(méi)有反抗厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象，而是在它到來(lái)時(shí)打算利用它。修建了諸如運(yùn)輸河、蓄水池等農(nóng)業(yè)設(shè)施，方法的確是有效地。因此推斷作者對(duì)于古代處理厄爾尼諾的方法是支持的。A.Approving贊同的；B.Indifferent冷漠的；C.Critical批判的；D.Negative消極的。故選A?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。本文第三、四、五段介紹了古代農(nóng)夫是如何利用厄爾尼諾的，涉及到了與厄爾尼諾共生存這一-方面，并號(hào)召現(xiàn)代農(nóng)夫向他們學(xué)習(xí)。A.SurvivingEINino經(jīng)驗(yàn)厄爾尼諾幸存下來(lái)；B.LivingwithEINino與厄爾尼諾共同生存；C.FarminginDifferentTimes不同時(shí)期的農(nóng)業(yè)；D.LearningfromHistory從歷史中學(xué)習(xí)。因此推斷B項(xiàng)為最佳答案。故選B。DA293-million-milejourneyoftheNASAPerseverancerover（探測(cè)器）toMars:endedsuccessfullyonFebruary18,2024,withapicture-perfectlandinginsidetheJezeroCrater.Thecar-sized,six-wheeledrover,nicknamedPercyistheUSspaceagency'sbiggestandmostadvancedexplorertodate.Itsprimarymissionistosearchforsignsofancientmicrobial（微生物的）lifeonMars.LandingonMarsisextremelytricky.TheRedPlanet'sgravitationalpullcausesapproachingspacecrafttogofastertohighspeeds,whileitsthinatmosphere-just1percentthatofEarth's-doeslittletohelpslowitdownasitapproachesthesurface.ThescientistshadtoreducePercy's12,000mphspeedtoasafelandingspeedoflessthanfivemph-injustsixandahalfminutes.Thetargetentryanglealsohadtobeaprecise12degrees-anysteeper,andthespacecraftwouldburnup;anyflatter,anditwouldgetlostinspace.Itisnowonderthatthefinalapproachisoftenreferredtoasthe"sevenminutesofterror."Uponattainingamanageablespeed,PercybrieflyflewovertheMartiansurfacetoseekouttheperfectlandingspot.Itscomplexmap-readingsystemrapidlyscannedtheareaandmatcheditwithmapsinitsdatabasetofindthebestlocation.TheNASAscientistswillspendthenexttwomonthstestingPercy'sscientificinstruments.Onceready,theroverwillbegintocarryoutitsmission."Perseveranceisthesmartestrobotevermade,butconfirmingthatmicrobiallifeonceexistedcarriesanunusuallylargeburdenofproof,"saidLoriGlaze,directorofNASA'sPlanetaryScienceDivision."Whilewe'lllearnalotwiththegreatinstrumentswehaveaboardtherover,itmayverywellrequirethefarmorewell-equippedlaboratoriesanddelicateinstrumentsbackhereonEarthtotelluswhetheroursamples（樣本）carryevidencethatMarsonceharboredlife."12.WhatistheextraordinarychallengefortherovertolandonMars?A.Thespeedreduction. B.Theatmosphereanalysis.C.Thelocationsearch. D.Thetimemanagement.13.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Waystofindthepreciseentryangle.B.Consequencesofwrongentrydegree.C.Factorstosurvive"thesevenminutes".D.Reasonsforthenecessityofspeedreducing.14.Whatdoes"it"refertoinparagraph4?A.Thespot. B.Thearea. C.Thesystem. D.Thesurface.15.WhatcanbeinferredfromLoriGlaze'swords?AInstrumentsaboardtheroverarenotquitereliable.B.Perseveranceisabletocollectenoughevidenceneeded.C.ManstillhaslongwaytogotoprovelifewasonMars.D.SamplesofMarswillbereturnedsoontoourlabsontheearth.【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了美國(guó)航天局“毅力號(hào)”火星探測(cè)器勝利登陸火星?！?2題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中“TheRedPlanet'sgravitationalpullcausesapproachingspacecrafttogofastertohighspeedswhileitsthinatmosphere-just1percentthatofEarth's-doeslittletohelpslowitdownasitapproachesthesurface.”（這顆紅色行星的引力使接近的宇宙飛船以更快的速度高速飛行，而它淡薄的大氣層——只有地球大氣層的1%——在它接近表面時(shí)幾乎無(wú)助于減緩它的速度。）可知，宇宙飛船在火星上著陸時(shí)，減緩它的速度是特別重要的。選項(xiàng)A.“Thespeedreduction.”（減速）與文意一樣，故選A。【13題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)第三段“ThescientistshadtoreducePercy's12,000mphspeedtoasafelandingspeedoflessthanfivemph-injustsixandahalfminutes.Thetargetentryanglealsohadtobeaprecise12degrees-anysteeper,andthespacecraftwouldburnup;anyflatter,anditwouldgetlostinspace.”（科學(xué)家們不得不將毅力號(hào)的12000英里每小時(shí)的平安著陸速度降低到5英里每小時(shí)以下——僅僅須要6.5分鐘。目標(biāo)進(jìn)入角度也必需精確到12度，再陡一點(diǎn)，飛船就會(huì)燃燒，再平一點(diǎn)，飛船就會(huì)在太空中迷失。）最終一句“Itisnowonderthatthefinalapproachisoftenreferredtoasthe"sevenminutesofterror."”（難怪最終的接近通常被稱為”恐怖七分鐘”）可以推知，本段主要描述的是影響“恐怖七分鐘”的因素。選項(xiàng)C.“Factorstosurvive"thesevenminutes".”（7分鐘內(nèi)存活下來(lái)的因素。）與文意相符，故選C?！?4題詳解】詞句揣測(cè)題。結(jié)合it前的“scannedtheareaandmatched”及之后的“withmapsinitsdatabasetofindthebestlocation”可知，it此處指代的為“thearea”，意為“掃描該地區(qū)，并與其數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中的地圖進(jìn)行匹配來(lái)找到最佳著陸點(diǎn)”，選項(xiàng)B符合題意，故選B?！?5題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中“Perseveranceisthesmartestrobotevermade,butconfirmingthatmicrobiallifeonceexistedcarriesanunusuallylargeburdenofproof,”（“毅力號(hào)”是有史以來(lái)最聰慧的機(jī)器人，但是要證明微生物曾經(jīng)存在過(guò)卻須要大量的證據(jù)。）及“Whilewe'lllearnalotwiththegreatinstrumentswehaveaboardtherover,itmayverywellrequirethefarmorewell-equippedlaboratoriesanddelicateinstrumentsbackhereonEarthtotelluswhetheroursamples（樣本）carryevidencethatMarsonceharboredlife”（雖然我們可以從火星車上的儀器上學(xué)到許多東西，但是這很可能須要地球上裝備更好的試驗(yàn)室和精密儀器來(lái)告知我們，我們的樣本是否攜帶火星曾經(jīng)孕育過(guò)生命的證據(jù)。）可以推知，要證明火星上是否曾經(jīng)孕育過(guò)生命，我們須要大量的證據(jù)、更好的試驗(yàn)室裝備和精密儀器。選項(xiàng)C.“ManstillhaslongwaytogotoprovelifewasonMars.”（要證明火星上有生命，人類還有很長(zhǎng)的路要走。）與文意相符，故選C。其次節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Adogsnoringawaytheafternoononthelivingroomfloor.Walrusessnoozingonabeach.LionssprawledoutontheSerengeti.Ahippodozingonamudbank.___16___Whydothesemammalsseemtobegettingsomuchmoresleepthanhumans?Dotheyactuallyneedmoresleep?Aretheyjustsleepingbecausetheycan?Shouldhumansbesleepingmore,too?Bepreparedforasurprisingandfascinatinganswertothesequestions：___17___Thoughconstantlystudied,sleepisoneofthegreatmysteriesmodernsciencehasn'tcompletelycracked.Wereallydon'tknowwhatsleepisfor."Dr.DavidRaizen,anassociateprofessorofneurologysaid.Oneideaisthatsteepinmammalshastodowithbodysizeanddiet,accordingtoa2005studyinthejournalNature.___18___Areasonforthismaybethatthelargerananimalis,themorecaloriesitneeds,andthemoretimeitneedstospendeating.___19___Sleepiscomplex,hardtomeasureinwildanimalsandevenhardertointerpret.It'simportanttorememberthatsomedifferencesinobservedsleepmightnotbewhattheyseem.Justbecauseahousecatsleepsfor18hoursadaydoesn'tmeanitneedsallthatsleeptofunction,Raizensaid.___20___Raizensaidthemostimportantthingisforpeopletolistentotheirbodiesandgetasmuchsleepastheyfeeltheyneed-whichisabouteighthoursformostfolksbutmightbeasfewasfiveandasmanyaseleven.A.Nobodyknows.B.Asforhumansleep?C.Dr.Davidwilltellthetruth.D.However,thematterisfarfromsettled.E.Thesesleepyscenesmaymakepeoplepuzzled.F.Manystudiesofmammaliansleephavebeencarriedoutsofar.G.Scientistshaveobservedlesssleepisrelatedtoalargerbody.【答案】16.E17.A18.G19.D20.B【解析】【分析】本文是說(shuō)明文。主要講解并描述了包括人類在內(nèi)的哺乳動(dòng)物的一些睡眠現(xiàn)象，并分析了可能的緣由，盡管睡眠常常被探討，但睡眠仍舊是現(xiàn)代科學(xué)尚未完全破解的最大謎團(tuán)之一。【16題詳解】由前文“Adogsnoringawaytheafternoononthelivingroomfloor.Walrusessnoozingonabeach.LionssprawledoutontheSerengeti.Ahippodozingonamudbank.”可知，描寫了四種哺乳動(dòng)物∶狗，海象，獅子與河馬打盹的景象，E項(xiàng)中的“Thesesleepyscenes”承接上文，“makepeoplepuzzled”呼應(yīng)下文的“why”。E項(xiàng)“這些睡眠場(chǎng)景可能讓人不解”符合語(yǔ)境。故選E?！?7題詳解】前文“Bepreparedforasurprisingandfascinatinganswertothesequestions”(為這些問(wèn)題令人驚訝和迷人答案做好打算)說(shuō)明答案是令人驚訝的，結(jié)合下段首句“Thoughconstantlystudied,sleepisoneofthegreatmysteriesmodernsciencehasn'tcompletelycracked.”可知，下文說(shuō)明白科學(xué)家的探討，人類的睡眠是否越多越好并沒(méi)有明確的答案，A項(xiàng)中的“Nobodyknows.（沒(méi)人知道）”符合語(yǔ)境，承上啟下。故選A。【18題詳解】上文“Oneideaisthatsteepinmammalshastodowithbodysizeanddiet”說(shuō)明，睡眠不足與體型增大有關(guān)，下文“Areasonforthismaybethatthelargerananimalis,themorecaloriesitneeds,andthemoretimeitneedstospendeating.”說(shuō)明其中一個(gè)緣由可能是，動(dòng)物越大，須要的卡路里閱讀，G項(xiàng)中的“l(fā)esssleepisrelatedtoalargerbody”一樣。G項(xiàng)“科學(xué)家已經(jīng)視察到更少的睡眠和更大的體型有關(guān)”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G?！?9題詳解】前文講到“sleepinmammalshastodowithbodysizeanddiet”（哺乳動(dòng)物的睡眠與身體大小及飲食有關(guān)）下文又說(shuō)“Sleepiscomplex，hardtomeasureinwildanimalsandevenhardertointerpret.”（野生動(dòng)物的睡眠很困難，難以測(cè)量，更難說(shuō)明），兩種觀點(diǎn)不一樣，D項(xiàng)中的however表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，因此推斷D項(xiàng)“然而，事情遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)沒(méi)有解決”符合語(yǔ)境，引出下文內(nèi)容。故選D?！?0題詳解】前面段落陳述一般哺乳動(dòng)物的睡眠，下文內(nèi)容“Raizensaidthemostimportantthingisforpeopletolistentotheirbodiesandgetasmuchsleepastheyfeeltheyneed”描述了人類的睡眠，因此可知此段轉(zhuǎn)到人類睡眠時(shí)間的問(wèn)題上來(lái)。B項(xiàng)“關(guān)于人類的睡眠呢？”符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。第三部分英語(yǔ)學(xué)問(wèn)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Iwasreadyforbed.Myeyesfellonthemusical____21____onmybedsidetable.InitwasaphotoofDadsmiling,andonceopened,itwouldplayhis____22____songrecordedbeforehisdeath.Itwaspropped(支，撐)openjustenoughsotherecordingwouldn'tplay.Dadwasa____23____man.Hewasalwayssingingmehislittlemade-upsongstosharejoyalthoughhewas____24____off-key,nothittingeverynote.Dadwasamanwithbigheart.Whenmyhouseburneddownafewyearsago,Dad____25____myfamilyintohishome.Whenwetriedtooffersome____26____,hesaidwithhischaracteristicvoice,"Don'tbe____27____!"Withhappy____28____,Ifellasleep."Beautifulandmarvelous-!"Suddenly,wasawokenhourslaterbythe____29____song.Thecard!Isnappeditshut(啪的一聲合上).Howdidthatcardjuststartplaying?Icheckedthewindows,alltightlyshut.Butwhycouldn'tI____30____thefeelingthatsomethingwaswrong?Idecidedto____31____downstairs.Openingthedoortothelaundryroom,Iwashitwithastrongsmellof____32____.Theheatlamphadfallen,andthecarpetwasburning.The____33____wasn'ttoobad.Iletoutashakybreathwith____34____.Whatcouldhavehappened?Perhapsanotherhousefire...Butweweresafe.AllthankstoDad'sone-of-a-kind____35____.21.A.card B.record C.box D.clock22.A.sad B.particular C.strange D.religious23.A.powerful B.joyful C.traditional D.reliable24.A.hardly B.intentionally C.typically D.annoyingly25.A.moved B.frightened C.dragged D.tricked26.A.tips B.protection C.rent D.opportunities27.A.careful B.mean C.sensible D.ridiculous28.A.endings B.songs C.wishes D.memories29.A.embarrassing B.familiar C.classic D.beautiful30.A.shake B.believe C.express D.tolerate31.A.observe B.check C.test D.wander32.A.cigarettes B.chemicals C.smoke D.cooking33.A.influence B.reflection C.damage D.change34.A.satisfaction B.regret C.excitement D.relief35.A.voice B.kindness C.generosity D.heart【答案】21.A22.B23.B24.C25.A26.C27.D28.D29.B30.A31.B32.C33.C34.D35.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講解并描述了作者在看到床頭柜前的音樂(lè)卡片時(shí)，回憶起和父親生前一起的歡樂(lè)。隨后在作者睡覺(jué)時(shí)，音樂(lè)卡片的播放聲音驚醒了作者。接下來(lái)當(dāng)作者下樓檢查后，發(fā)覺(jué)燈掉了下來(lái)，點(diǎn)燃了地毯。父親的聲音讓作者避開(kāi)了一場(chǎng)火災(zāi)?！驹斀狻?.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的眼睛落在床頭柜上的音樂(lè)卡片上。A.card卡片；B.record唱片；C.box盒子；D.clock鐘表。依據(jù)下文“Thecard!”可知，此處指床頭柜上放著卡片。故選A。2.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：里面有一張爸爸微笑的照片，一旦打開(kāi)，就會(huì)播放他死前錄制的那首特殊的歌。A.sad哀痛的；B.particular特殊的；獨(dú)特的；C.strange驚奇的；D.religious宗教的；虔誠(chéng)的。依據(jù)下文“songrecordedbeforehisdeath”可知，此處指他活著的時(shí)候錄制的他的特有的歌。故選B。3.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：爸爸是個(gè)歡樂(lè)的人。A.powerful有力的；強(qiáng)大的；B.joyful歡樂(lè)的；C.traditional傳統(tǒng)的；D.reliable牢靠的。依據(jù)下文“Hewasalwayssingingmehislittlemade-upsongstosharejoy”可知，父親是一個(gè)歡樂(lè)的人。故選B。4.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他總是給我唱他編的歌來(lái)共享歡樂(lè)，雖然他總是跑調(diào)，不是每個(gè)音都唱準(zhǔn)。A.hardly幾乎不；B.intentionally有意地；特意地；C.typically典型地；通常地；D.annoyingly惱人地；煩人地。依據(jù)上文“Hewasalwayssingingme”下文“nothittingeverynote”可知，此處指他通常會(huì)跑調(diào)。故選C。5.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：幾年前我的房子被燒毀時(shí)，爸爸讓我們家搬進(jìn)了他的房子。A.moved移動(dòng)；B.frightened恐嚇；C.dragged拖；D.tricked欺瞞。依據(jù)上文“myhouseburneddown”下文“myfamilyintohishome”可知，此處指爸爸讓我們?nèi)野徇M(jìn)他的家。故選A。6.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我們?cè)噲D供應(yīng)一些租金，他用他特有的聲音說(shuō)：“別傻了！”A.tips建議；B.protection愛(ài)護(hù)；C.rent租金；D.opportunities機(jī)會(huì)。依據(jù)前文“Dad5myfamilyintohishome”，可知此處指我們供應(yīng)租金給爸爸，故選C。7.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.careful細(xì)致的；B.mean吝嗇的；C.sensible明智的；敏感的；D.ridiculous荒謬的；可笑的。依據(jù)上文“Dad5myfamilyintohishome.wetriedtooffersome6,”可知，爸爸讓我們?nèi)野徇M(jìn)她家，我們要給爸爸租金。此處指爸爸認(rèn)為作者的做法可笑。故選D。8.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：帶著美妙的回憶，我睡著了。A.endings結(jié)尾；B.songs歌曲；C.wishes祝福；D.memories回憶；記憶。依據(jù)上文作者對(duì)爸爸的回憶，此處指回憶著父親活著時(shí)的歡樂(lè)時(shí)候，我睡著了。故選D。9.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：突然，幾小時(shí)后被熟識(shí)的歌聲喚醒。A.embarrassing令人尷尬的；B.familiar熟識(shí)的；C.classic經(jīng)典的；古典的；D.beautiful美麗的。依據(jù)上文“itwouldplayhis2songrecordedbeforehisdeath”下文“Howdidthatcardjuststartplaying?”可知此處指父親唱歌的聲音，所