廣西柳州市2021-2022學(xué)年高二期末（新高三摸底考試）英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

柳州市2023屆新高三摸底考試英語(yǔ)（考試時(shí)間：120分鐘；滿(mǎn)分：150分）注意：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。2.所有答案請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡上作答，在本試卷和草稿紙上作答無(wú)效。答題前請(qǐng)仔細(xì)閱讀答題卡上的“注意事項(xiàng)”，按照“注意事項(xiàng)”的規(guī)定答題。3.做選擇題時(shí)，如需改動(dòng)，請(qǐng)用橡皮將原選答案擦干凈，再選涂其他答案。第Ⅰ卷（選擇題）第一部分：聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將你的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到客觀題答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)。每段對(duì)話(huà)后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話(huà)后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話(huà)僅讀一遍。1.Whatwilltheboydonext?A.TurnofftheTV.B.TurndowntheTV.C.TurnontheTV.2.Whydoesthemanrefusetogotothecinemawiththewomantomorrow?A.Becausehedoesn’tlikethefilm.B.Becausehehastovisithisteacher.C.Becausehehastocelebratehisuncle’sbirthday.3.Whowasthekeypersontowinthebasketballgame?A.Mike.B.Ryan.C.Claire.4.Howdoesthewomanfeelnow?A.Shefeelsmoretired.B.Shefeelsweaker.C.Shefeelsbetter.5.Wherearethetwospeakersnow?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inacar.C.Inashop.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Howdidthewomancomeback?A.Byair.B.Bybus.C.Byship.7.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofthetriptotheWestLake?A.Hard.B.Relaxing.C.Boring.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatwilltheboydothisweekend?A.Prepareforthebiketrip.B.Startthebiketrip.C.FlytoBeijing.9.WhenwillthegirlvisitBeijingUniversity?A.OnMonday.B.OnThursday.C.OnFriday.10.Whatdoweknowabouttheboy?A.Hehasbeenadmittedbyauniversity.B.Heisleavingseniorhighschoolinayear.C.Hewillmakenoeffortsinstudy.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatarethetwospeakerstalkingabout?A.Thewoman’snewstory.B.Thewoman’snewalbum.C.Thewoman’snewthought.12.Howdidthewomanknowthathergrandfatherwasahero?A.Herfansremindedher.B.Hergrandfathertoldher.C.Herfamily’sresearchshowedher.13.Whydoesthemanthinkthewoman’ssongsmeaningful?A.Becausehersongsencouragepeople.B.Becausehersongsentertainpeople.C.Becausehersongssavepeople.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Friends.C.Teacherandstudent.15.Whatclubdidthegirladvisethemantojointhisyear?A.Thebasketballclub.B.Theliteratureclub.C.Theswimmingclub.16.Whendoesthedancingpracticebegin?A.At5:00pm.B.At5:30pm.C.At6:30pm.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatwilltheweatherbeliketoday?A.Coolandwindy.B.Coldandrainy.C.Hotandsunny.18.Howmuchrainwilltherebeinsomepartsofthecoastalareas?A.Overfiveinches.B.Overeightinches.C.Overteninches.19.Whenwillthestormdiedown?A.BylateWednesdayevening.B.ByearlyFridaymorning.C.BylateFridayevening.20.WhatwillRobertDouglastalkabout?A.Thetrafficupdate.B.Thefinancialnews.C.Theemploymentinformation.第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ABestSummerCampsForTeenagers2022Summercampsprovideexperiencestoteenagers,whichhelpthemgrowasindividualsandteachthemlessonstheyrememberforever.Hereisalistofourbestsummercampsforteenagers.RobinHoodCampThiscamphelpcamperstogetasenseofself-confidencetofindouttheircreativityandimaginationthroughtheoutdoorsummercampexperience.Lakeactivities,outdoorsportsandcampgameswillbeprovidedforteenagerstobuilduniquememories.Ages:8to16.IDTechCampsIDTechoffersvirtualtechnologycampsforteens.Atthecamps,teensreceiveaSTEMeducationwhilemakingfriendswithotherstudentswhoattend.YoucansignupforalltypesofSTEM-relatedcampsthatinvolvecoding,designingrobotsandmuchmore.Meanwhileyoucansignthemupforprivateonlinelessonsforamorepersonalizedexperience.OurexpertinstructorshaveyearsofexperienceandoftencomefromfamousuniversitieslikeStanford,CaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyandNewYorkUniversity.Ages:12to16.CatalinaSeaCampCatalinaSeaCampisanadventurecampinCatalinaIsland,California.It’sperfectforkidswhoenjoybeingoutintheoceanandparticipatinginexcitingwatersports.Italsohasfreeonlinemarinebiologycoursesforourlittlecampers,makingitperfectforthoseinterestedinafuturecareerinthefield.Ages:10to16.GreenWoodCampThissummercampgivescampersachancetoenjoylakeactivitiesthatincludesailing,kayaking,canoeingandotheradventuresinwoods,sportsandactivitiesthatthecamporganizershelptoputon.Thereisadaycamp,familycampandovernightcamptochoosefrom.Ages:10to18.Seemoredetailedinformationat.1.Forkidsunder10,whichofthefollowingcampsisavailable?A.RobinHoodCamp. B.IDTechCamps.C.CatalinaSeaCamp. D.GreenWoodCamp.2.WhatdoIDTechCampsandCatalinaSeaCamphaveincommon?A.Theyorganizeoutdooractivities.B.Theyhaveinstructorsfromkeyuniversity.C.TheyinvolveSTEM-relatedactivities.D.Theyprovideonlinelessons.3.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Ageographymagazine. B.Atravelbrochure.C.Ateenagerwebsite. D.Asocialissuereport.【答案】1.A2.D3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹4個(gè)對(duì)青少年來(lái)說(shuō)最好的夏令營(yíng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)RobinHoodCamp部分“Ages:8to16.”(年齡：8歲-16歲)可知，10歲以下的孩子可以到RobinHoodCamp這個(gè)夏令營(yíng)。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)IDTechCamps部分“Meanwhileyoucansignthemupforprivateonlinelessonsforamorepersonalizedexperience.”(同時(shí)，你可以為他們注冊(cè)私人在線(xiàn)課程，獲得更加個(gè)性化的體驗(yàn)。)和CatalinaSeaCamp部分“Italsohasfreeonlinemarinebiologycoursesforourlittlecampers,makingitperfectforthoseinterestedinafuturecareerinthefield.”(它還為我們的小露營(yíng)者提供免費(fèi)的在線(xiàn)海洋生物學(xué)課程，使它成為那些對(duì)該領(lǐng)域未來(lái)職業(yè)生涯感興趣的人的完美選擇。)可知，IDTechCamps和CatalinaSeaCamp都提供在線(xiàn)課程。故選D。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Hereisalistofourbestsummercampsforteenagers.”(下面是我們最好的青少年夏令營(yíng)名單。)和最后一段“Seemoredetailedinformationat.”(詳情請(qǐng)參閱。)可知，這篇文章主要介紹適合青少年夏令營(yíng)名單，并且提供網(wǎng)址來(lái)查閱更多的信息，所以，這篇文章應(yīng)該是來(lái)自于青少年網(wǎng)站。故選C。BIlikeflyingtoaforeigndestinationtovisittheattractionsduringholidays,likemillionsofpeoplearedoingnowadays.Theworldhasanamazingvarietyofmust-seesights,frombreathtakingnaturalscenerytoimpressiveoldcities,buttoomanyofusarevisitingthematthesametimeisputtingpressureonthesedelicateandancientplaces.Therefore,anumberofbeautyspotsandhistoricsiteshavebeenintroducingchargesorrestrictionsonthetourists,whichismeanttoreduceovercrowdingthatcandoharmtothesurroundingsofaplace,protectoldbuildingsindanger,andtidyupthemessthatvisitorsleavebehind.ThefamousItaliancityofVenicehas,forexample,introducedanentryfeeofupto€10forshort-staytourists.CitizensinVenicehavelongcomplainedthatthecityistoocrowdedwithtourists.Now,passengersarrivingbycruiseshipwillhavetopaya“l(fā)andingtax”.MayorLuigiBrugnarosays,“Itwouldincreasemuch-neededincometokeepthecityclean.”ManycitiesinEuropehavealreadychargedataxontouristswhostayinhotelsandguesthouses.Thistaxraisesmoneytohelpprotecttheenvironment,payformaintenance(維修)costs,orpromotetourism.InRome,newlawshavebeenintroducedtobringdownbadtouristbehaviour,suchasforbiddingdrinkingwaterfromfountainsandattaching“l(fā)ovepadlocks”tobridges.Nowtherulesworkwell.Asmoreofuscannowaffordtotravel,touristdestinationsaregettingbusier,somaybenewlawsandtaxesontouristsaretobeanecessarypartofthesightseeingexperienceandbenefitthebeautifulattractionsalot.4Howdoestheauthorleadinthetopicofthepassage?A.Byshowingfigures. B.Bypresentingfacts.C.Byaskingquestions. D.Bymakingcomparison.5.Whatcausesthemostdamagetotheancientplacesaccordingtothetext?A.Overcrowdingoftourists. B.Lackingofmaintenance.C.Extrachargesandrestrictions. D.Toomuchrubbishleftbythetourists.6.Whowillhavetopaythenew“l(fā)andingtax”whenvisitingVenice?A.Visitorsstayinginhotelsfornights.B.Visitorshopingtokeepthecityclean.C.Visitorsdamagingtheancientwalls.D.Visitorsarrivingbycruiseship.7.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthenewlawsandtaxesontourists?A.Doubtful. B.Negative. C.Supportive. D.Unconcerned.【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹因?yàn)樘嗳送瑫r(shí)參觀景點(diǎn)，給這些精致而古老的地方帶來(lái)了壓力，因此，一些景點(diǎn)和歷史遺跡都對(duì)游客實(shí)施收費(fèi)或限制，以減少對(duì)周?chē)h(huán)境造成破壞的過(guò)度擁擠，保護(hù)危樓，以及清理游客留下的爛攤子?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Ilikeflyingtoaforeigndestinationtovisittheattractionsduringholidays,likemillionsofpeoplearedoingnowadays.Theworldhasanamazingvarietyofmust-seesights,frombreathtakingnaturalscenerytoimpressiveoldcities,buttoomanyofusarevisitingthematthesametimeisputtingpressureonthesedelicateandancientplaces.Therefore,anumberofbeautyspotsandhistoricsiteshavebeenintroducingchargesorrestrictionsonthetourists,whichismeanttoreduceovercrowdingthatcandoharmtothesurroundingsofaplace,protectoldbuildingsindanger,andtidyupthemessthatvisitorsleavebehind.”(我喜歡在假期飛到國(guó)外的目的地去參觀景點(diǎn)，就像現(xiàn)在成千上萬(wàn)的人做的那樣。世界上有各種各樣令人驚嘆的必看景點(diǎn)，從令人驚嘆的自然風(fēng)光到令人印象深刻的古老城市，但是我們中的太多人同時(shí)參觀它們給這些精致而古老的地方帶來(lái)了壓力。因此，一些景點(diǎn)和歷史遺跡都對(duì)游客實(shí)施收費(fèi)或限制，以減少對(duì)周?chē)h(huán)境造成破壞的過(guò)度擁擠，保護(hù)危樓，以及清理游客留下的爛攤子。)和第二段“ThefamousItaliancityofVenicehas,forexample,introducedanentryfeeofupto€10forshort-staytourists.CitizensinVenicehavelongcomplainedthatthecityistoocrowdedwithtourists.Now,passengersarrivingbycruiseshipwillhavetopaya“l(fā)andingtax”.MayorLuigiBrugnarosays,“Itwouldincreasemuch-neededincometokeepthecityclean.””(例如，意大利著名城市威尼斯對(duì)短期游客實(shí)行高達(dá)10美元的入場(chǎng)費(fèi)。長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)，威尼斯市民一直抱怨這座城市游客太多?，F(xiàn)在，乘坐游輪到達(dá)的乘客必須繳納“著陸稅”。市長(zhǎng)LuigiBrugnaro說(shuō)，“這將增加急需的收入，以保持城市清潔?！?可知，這篇文章主要介紹因?yàn)樘嗳送瑫r(shí)參觀景點(diǎn)，給這些精致而古老的地方帶來(lái)了壓力，因此，一些景點(diǎn)和歷史遺跡都對(duì)游客實(shí)施收費(fèi)或限制。作者在第二段利用實(shí)際例子來(lái)引出這篇文章的主題。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“buttoomanyofusarevisitingthematthesametimeisputtingpressureonthesedelicateandancientplaces.”(但是我們中的太多人同時(shí)參觀它們給這些精致而古老的地方帶來(lái)了壓力。)可知，太多人同時(shí)參觀這些景點(diǎn)給它們帶來(lái)了很多的壓力和破壞。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Now,passengersarrivingbycruiseshipwillhavetopaya“l(fā)andingtax”.”(現(xiàn)在，乘坐游輪到達(dá)的乘客必須繳納“著陸稅”。)可知，在威尼斯，乘坐游輪到達(dá)的乘客必須繳納“著陸稅”。故選D。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Asmoreofuscannowaffordtotravel,touristdestinationsaregettingbusier,somaybenewlawsandtaxesontouristsaretobeanecessarypartofthesightseeingexperienceandbenefitthebeautifulattractionsalot.”(隨著我們?cè)絹?lái)越多的人能夠負(fù)擔(dān)得起旅游，旅游目的地變得越來(lái)越繁忙，因此，也許新的法律和對(duì)游客征稅將成為觀光體驗(yàn)的一個(gè)必要組成部分，并使美麗的景點(diǎn)受益匪淺。)可知，作者對(duì)新的法律和旅游稅的實(shí)施持支持的態(tài)度。故選C。CEveryfewyears,thehumpbackwhales(座頭鯨)comeintothebayofCaliforniainNovemberwhilethey’remigrating(遷徙).In2020,thewhaleswerearoundagain,soIdecidedtotakeoutmykayak(小皮船)towatchthem.IinvitedmyfriendLizChongtogowithmebutwasrefusedatonce,forshewasworriedthatmylightnarrowboatwouldoverturnwhilewewereinit.Ipromisedtheboatwassuperstable,andtoldherhowmagnificentitwouldbetowatchwhales.Afterhalfanhourpersuading,shefinallyagreedtogowithme.Wesetoutthenextmorning,andtherewerealreadyotherwhaleloversinthebay.Ispottedtwopairsofwhalesswimmingtowardus.Wewereinexcitement:it’samazingtobesoclosetosuchagiantcreature.Wepaddledcloser,forIthoughtwe’dbesafeastheywerejustpassingby.Suddenly,agroupoffish,beingrunafterbythewhales,startedjumpingoutofthewaterintoourkayak,soundinglikecracklingglassaroundus.Atthatmoment,Irealizedweweretooclose.Thenthekayakwasturnedover—thewhalesweregoingtodragusdown!Justinsecondsoneofthemswallowedalmostmyentirebodyexceptformyrightarmwithapaddle.Liz,meanwhile,wasbeingattackedbyanotherwhaletoo.Wedidn’tknowthatwhaleshaveenormousmouthsbuttinythroats—anythingtheycan’tswallow,theycoughout.Luckily,wearinglifejackets,weweresoonpoppedupoutofthewater.Theentiresufferinglastedonlytenseconds,buttomeitfeltlikeforever.Afewpeoplenearbyshotavideooftheentireincident.TheycameuptocheckifwewereOK.“Youwereinthewhale’smouth!”theytoldus.“Wethoughtyouweredead.”Afewdayslater,IstudiedthevideoandsawhowcloseI’dcometobeinginjuredorkilled.Ibecamesomuchmoreappreciativeoflifeafterthatday.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“magnificent”inParagraph1mean?A.Frightening. B.Giant. C.Difficult. D.Impressive.9.Whatdidtheauthordoaftershespottedthewhales?A.Shepackedupthefishjumpingintoherkayak.B.Shepaddledawaywhenthewhalesswamtowardher.C.Shedecidedtofollowandwatchthewhalescloser.D.ShedraggedLizdownintothewatertowatchthewhales.10.Whyweren’ttheauthorandherfriendeatenbythewhales?A.Theyweretoobigforthewhalestoswallow.B.Theywerenotsodeliciousasfish.C.Theycalledpeoplenearbytohelpthemout.D.Theyfoughtagainstthewhales.11.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheHumpbackWhale:AmazingWildlifeB.ASurvivalStory:GettingSwallowedByTheWhaleC.LizChong:MyBestFriendForeverD.WhaleWatching:AnExcitingActivity【答案】8.D9.C10.A11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者和朋友一起去海上看鯨魚(yú)，意外地被鯨魚(yú)吞到巨大的嘴巴里。但幸運(yùn)地是，鯨魚(yú)的喉嚨很小，無(wú)法吞咽人體，這讓她們幸免于難?！?題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段“Afterhalfanhourpersuading,shefinallyagreedtogowithme.(經(jīng)過(guò)半小時(shí)的勸說(shuō)，她終于同意和我一起去了)”可知，我邀請(qǐng)她一起，她拒絕了，在我半個(gè)小時(shí)的勸說(shuō)下，她最終同意和我一起去，說(shuō)明我說(shuō)的都是好的方面，是有說(shuō)服力的，即“Ipromisedtheboatwassuperstable,andtoldherhowmagnificentitwouldbetowatchwhales.(我許諾這艘船非常穩(wěn)定，并告訴她看鯨魚(yú)是多么magnificent。)”。所以我們可以猜測(cè)出劃線(xiàn)詞magnificent意思是“給人深刻印象的，壯觀的”。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Wewereinexcitement:it’samazingtobesoclosetosuchagiantcreature.Wepaddledcloser,forIthoughtwe’dbesafeastheywerejustpassingby.(我們都很興奮：離這樣一個(gè)巨大的生物這么近真是太神奇了。我們劃槳去更靠近些，因?yàn)槲乙詾槲覀兒馨踩?，因?yàn)樗麄冎皇墙?jīng)過(guò)。)”可知，當(dāng)作者發(fā)現(xiàn)鯨魚(yú)之后，她決定靠近上點(diǎn)，以便于近距離地觀察它們。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Wedidn’tknowthatwhaleshaveenormousmouthsbuttinythroats—anythingtheycan’tswallow,theycoughout.(我們不知道鯨魚(yú)有巨大的嘴，但有著很小的喉嚨——任何它們不能吞咽的東西，它們就會(huì)咳出來(lái)。)”可知，作者和她的朋友沒(méi)有被鯨魚(yú)吃了，是因?yàn)轹L魚(yú)有著很小的喉嚨，無(wú)法把人吞咽下去。故選A項(xiàng)。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“(Wedidn’tknowthatwhaleshaveenormousmouthsbuttinythroats—anythingtheycan’tswallow,theycoughout.Luckily,wearinglifejackets,weweresoonpoppedupoutofthewater.我們不知道鯨魚(yú)有巨大的嘴，但有小喉嚨——任何它們不能吞咽的東西，它們就會(huì)咳出來(lái)。幸運(yùn)的是，我們穿著救生衣，很快就從水里冒了出來(lái)。)”可知，雖然鯨魚(yú)有著大嘴巴，但是有著很小的喉嚨，無(wú)法把人吞咽下去，所以作者和她的朋友幸存下來(lái)。再結(jié)合全文，所以最佳題目是“一個(gè)幸存的故事：被鯨魚(yú)吞了”。故選B項(xiàng)。DAstudyhasfoundinsectnumbershavedeclinedbyhalfinsomepartsoftheworldduetoclimatechangeandintensiveagriculture.Thecombinedpressureshavecaused“substantialdeclines”ofinsects,accordingtotheUKresearchers.Wemustacknowledgethethreatsweposetoinsectsbeforesomespeciesarelostforever.Leadresearcher,DrCharlieOuthwaiteofUCL,said,“Losinginsectpopulationscouldbeharmfulnotonlytothenaturalenvironment,buttohumanhealthandfoodsecurity,particularlywithlossesofpollinators(授粉者).”Hopefully,wecantakeactionstohelpensurevitalinsectsthrive(繁榮).“Ourfindingshighlighttheurgencyofactionstoslowdownclimatechange,includingpreservingnaturalhabitats,slowingtheexpansionofhigh-intensityagricultureandcuttingcarbonemissions(碳排放).”sheadded.Decreasinginsectspopulationsaroundtheworldhavecausedwidespreadconcern.Inthelateststudy,theresearcherspulledtogetherdataontherangeandnumberofnearly20,000insectspecies,includingbees,ants,butterfliesanddragonflies,atabout6,000differentlocations.Inareaswithhigh–intensityagricultureandsubstantialwarming,insectnumbershavedecreasedby49%andthenumberofdifferentspecieshavedroppedby27%,comparedwithrelativelyuntouchedplacesthathavebeenlessimpactedbyclimatechangeandhumanactivities,accordingtotheresearchpublishedinNature.Preservingnaturalhabitatsnearfarmlandmaybeofhelp.Itcreatsaprotectionforinsectswhichneedshadetosurviveinhotweather,accordingtoDrTimNewbold,alsoofUCL.Anotherresearcher,PeterMeCann,alsoadded,“Weneedtoacknowledgehowimportantinsectsarefortheenvironmentasawhole,andforhumanhealthandwell-being.Wehavefoundtheproblemsandnowwehavetodosomething.”12.Whatcanweinferfromthefirstparagraph?A.Globalheatingisthemainreasonfordecliningnumberofinsects.B.Insectnumberswilldeclinebyhalfduetointensiveagriculture.C.Substantialdeclinesofinsectshaveaffectedclimateandfarmingways.D.Bothclimatechangeandfarmingarethecausesofdeclinesofinsects.13.WhichofthefollowingisDrCharlie’sopinion?A.Losinginsectpopulationscouldbeonlyharmfultonature.B.Protectinginsectscouldensurefuturefoodsecurityforhumanbeings.C.Thenumberofsometypesofinsectscouldstaysteadydespiteclimatechange.D.Carefulmanagementofagriculturalareascouldensureinsects’growth.14.WhydoestheauthorlistnumbersinParagraph3?A.Tomakethestatementmorepersuasive.B.Tomakethedescriptionmorevivid.C.Tomakethedefinitionmorespecific.D.Tomakethereportmoreinteresting.15.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toprovetheimportanceofinsects.B.Todiscussnewfarmingmethods.C.Topresentreasonsforinsectdeclineandsolutions.D.Toanalyzeproblemscausedbyclimatechanges.【答案】12.D13.B14.A15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述英國(guó)研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，由于氣候變化和集約農(nóng)業(yè)，世界上一些地區(qū)的昆蟲(chóng)數(shù)量減少了一半?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Astudyhasfoundinsectnumbershavedeclinedbyhalfinsomepartsoftheworldduetoclimatechangeandintensiveagriculture.”(研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，由于氣候變化和集約農(nóng)業(yè)，世界上一些地區(qū)的昆蟲(chóng)數(shù)量減少了一半。)可知，氣候變化和集約農(nóng)業(yè)是昆蟲(chóng)數(shù)量減少的原因。故選D。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Leadresearcher,DrCharlieOuthwaiteofUCL,said,“Losinginsectpopulationscouldbeharmfulnotonlytothenaturalenvironment,buttohumanhealthandfoodsecurity,particularlywithlossesofpollinators(授粉者).””(首席研究員，UCL的CharlieOutwaite博士說(shuō)：“昆蟲(chóng)數(shù)量的減少不僅對(duì)自然環(huán)境有害，而且對(duì)人類(lèi)健康和食品安全也有害，尤其是傳粉昆蟲(chóng)的減少?！?可知，在Charlie博士看來(lái)，昆蟲(chóng)數(shù)量的減少對(duì)人類(lèi)健康和食品安全也有害，所以保護(hù)昆蟲(chóng)就可以確保人類(lèi)未來(lái)的食品安全。故選B。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Inthelateststudy,theresearcherspulledtogetherdataontherangeandnumberofnearly20,000insectspecies,includingbees,ants,butterfliesanddragonflies,atabout6,000differentlocations.Inareaswithhigh–intensityagricultureandsubstantialwarming,insectnumbershavedecreasedby49%andthenumberofdifferentspecieshavedroppedby27%,comparedwithrelativelyuntouchedplacesthathavebeenlessimpactedbyclimatechangeandhumanactivities,accordingtotheresearchpublishedinNature.”(在最新的研究中，研究人員收集了大約6000個(gè)不同地點(diǎn)近20000種昆蟲(chóng)物種的分布范圍和數(shù)量的數(shù)據(jù)，其中包括蜜蜂、螞蟻、蝴蝶和蜻蜓。根據(jù)發(fā)表在《自然》雜志上的研究，在高密度農(nóng)業(yè)和大幅度變暖的地區(qū)，昆蟲(chóng)數(shù)量減少了49%，不同物種的數(shù)量減少了27%，相比之下，受氣候變化和人類(lèi)活動(dòng)影響較小的相對(duì)未受影響的地區(qū)。)可知，這一段作者引用了這些數(shù)據(jù)是為了更有說(shuō)服力的說(shuō)明世界各地昆蟲(chóng)數(shù)量的減少引起了廣泛的關(guān)注。故選A?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Astudyhasfoundinsectnumbershavedeclinedbyhalfinsomepartsoftheworldduetoclimatechangeandintensiveagriculture.”(研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，由于氣候變化和集約農(nóng)業(yè)，世界上一些地區(qū)的昆蟲(chóng)數(shù)量減少了一半。)可知，氣候變化和集約農(nóng)業(yè)是昆蟲(chóng)數(shù)量減少的原因。根據(jù)第三段“Decreasinginsectspopulationsaroundtheworldhavecausedwidespreadconcern.”(世界各地昆蟲(chóng)數(shù)量的減少引起了廣泛的關(guān)注。)和第四段“Preservingnaturalhabitatsnearfarmlandmaybeofhelp.”(保護(hù)農(nóng)田附近的自然棲息地可能會(huì)有所幫助。)可知，這兩段提到了昆蟲(chóng)數(shù)量減少的解決辦法。所以這篇文章的主要目的就是告訴讀者世界昆蟲(chóng)數(shù)量減少的原因和解決辦法。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtoTakeEffectiveNotesDuringLecturesEffectivenote-takingisanactivepartofthelearningprocessthatrequiresyoutogetthemainideaandwritedownitskeywordsinyourownway.____16____Prepareforthelectureinadvance.Teachershandoutoutlinesoftheirlecturesbeforetheybegin.____17____Itcanhelpyoufocusonthedifficultiesyouhaveinunderstandingandyouwillbeabletoaskbetterquestionsinclass.Findyourstyleoftakingnotes.____18____Forexample,somevisuallearnerscoulddrawcertainshapestorepresentimportantconcepts.Somepeoplepreferwritingwords,andsomemayfinditmosthelpfultorecordalectureandlistentoitwhilestudying.Youhavetofindthestyleworksbestforyou.____19____Ratherthanwritingcompletesentencesorevencompletewords,createaformoffastandbriefwritingwithsomesignsorphrasestomakenote-takingeasier.Thiswillhelpyoutakenotesquicklyandkeepupwiththelecture.Takedownkeypoints.Itisimportanttowritedownkeypointsfromthelecture.____20____Thingslikekeyideas,definitions,anddescriptivephrasescanhelpyourememberthesubject.Forexample,ifthelectureisbasedonaspecificbattleinhistory,trytowritedownthedate,themajorcharactersinvolvedandtheoveralloutcomeofthestruggle.A.Developyourshorthand.B.Writequestionsasyouarelistening.C.Skimmingthemwillwarmupyourbrain.D.Everythingyoulearnmaybehelpfulinthefuture.E.Differentpeoplemayhavedifferentwaysofnote-taking.F.Itmeansyouneedtofocusonthemostmeaningfulinformation.G.Withthefollowingtips,youcanbecomeabetterlecturenote-taker.【答案】16.G17.C18.E19.A20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章告訴我們有效的筆記是學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中的一個(gè)積極部分，并講述了如何成為一名更好的課堂筆記記錄者?！?6題詳解】上文“Effectivenote-takingisanactivepartofthelearningprocessthatrequiresyoutogetthemainideaandwritedownitskeywordsinyourownway.（有效的記筆記是學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中的一個(gè)積極部分，它要求你掌握主要思想，并用自己的方式寫(xiě)下其中的關(guān)鍵詞。）”說(shuō)明有效筆記的重要性，下文“Prepareforthelectureinadvance.（提前準(zhǔn)備講座。）”及“Findyourstyleoftakingnotes.（找到你的筆記風(fēng)格。）”及“Takedownkeypoints.（記下關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)。）”說(shuō)明如何成為一名更好的課堂筆記記錄者的方法，空格處承上啟下，告訴我們通過(guò)下面的提示，可以成為一名更好的課堂筆記記錄者。因此推斷G項(xiàng)“有了以下技巧，你就可以成為一個(gè)更好的課堂筆記記錄者?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選G項(xiàng)。【17題詳解】上文“Teachershandoutoutlinesoftheirlecturesbeforetheybegin.（老師們?cè)谏险n前分發(fā)講稿提綱。）”及下文“Itcanhelpyoufocusonthedifficultiesyouhaveinunderstandingandyouwillbeabletoaskbetterquestionsinclass.（它可以幫助你專(zhuān)注于理解中遇到的困難，你將能夠在課堂上提出更好的問(wèn)題。）”空格處承上啟下，C項(xiàng)的“them”與上文“l(fā)ectures”一致，講的是同一話(huà)題，說(shuō)明老師發(fā)完演講稿后應(yīng)該瀏覽它們，這樣可以熱身。因此推斷C項(xiàng)“瀏覽它們會(huì)使你的大腦變得活躍起來(lái)。”符合語(yǔ)境，下文解釋了這樣做的好處。故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】上邊小標(biāo)題“Findyourstyleoftakingnotes.（找到你的筆記風(fēng)格。）”及下文“Forexample,somevisuallearnerscoulddrawcertainshapestorepresentimportantconcepts.Somepeoplepreferwritingwords,andsomemayfinditmosthelpfultorecordalectureandlistentoitwhilestudying.（例如，一些視覺(jué)學(xué)習(xí)者可以繪制某些形狀來(lái)表示重要概念。有些人喜歡寫(xiě)單詞，有些人可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)候錄制一節(jié)課并聽(tīng)它最有幫助。）”空格處位于段首句承接下文，說(shuō)明不同的人可能有不同的記筆記方式，下文具體解釋了這種說(shuō)法。故選E項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】下文“Ratherthanwritingcompletesentencesorevencompletewords,createaformoffastandbriefwritingwithsomesignsorphrasestomakenote-takingeasier.Thiswillhelpyoutakenotesquicklyandkeepupwiththelecture.（不要寫(xiě)完整的句子，甚至是完整的單詞，而是用一些符號(hào)或短語(yǔ)創(chuàng)造一種快速、簡(jiǎn)短的寫(xiě)作形式，以便于記筆記。這將幫助你快速記筆記并跟上講座。）”說(shuō)明如何速記，所以空處作為這一小段的標(biāo)題，應(yīng)該概括主旨，A項(xiàng)“發(fā)展你的速記?！闭梅?。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】上文“Itisimportanttowritedownkeypointsfromthelecture.（寫(xiě)下講座的要點(diǎn)很重要。）”及下文“Thingslikekeyideas,definitions,anddescriptivephrasescanhelpyourememberthesubject.（關(guān)鍵想法、定義和描述性短語(yǔ)可以幫助你記住主題。）”空格處承上啟下，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)的“It”與上文一致，講的是同一話(huà)題，說(shuō)明寫(xiě)下要點(diǎn)很重要，下文緊接著說(shuō)明了什么是重要信息。所以F“這意味著你需要專(zhuān)注于最有意義的信息?！狈?。故選F項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。WhenIwasakid,Iusedtoseehappinessassuccess.IthoughtIwasasuccessfulkid,forIalwaysfound____21____indoingwhatIlike.However,myviewofsuccessgraduallychangedasIgrewup.Inmiddleschoolandhighschool,myfamilymademe____22____thatacademicexcellencemeantsuccessandtheyexpectedmetobeatopstudent.Suchexpectationsonmeturnedouttobeunbearable____23____.ThoughIhadpushedmyselfveryhard,Icouldn’treally____24____duringclasses.Mymindwaswanderingsomewhereelse.Asa____25____,Ionlygotaslightlyaboveaverageacademicrecord.Thisleftmy____26____disappointed.Latertheytransferredmetoanewhighschool.Ihadtosaygood-byetoallmy____27____andburiedmyselfinstudy.Butthingsdidn’tgetbetter.IbecamemoreawarethatIhad____28____farbehindmyclassmates.Iwondered____29____theywerealwaysperformingwellatschool.Ifelteagertobelikethem,_____30_____,Ifilledmyschedulewithasmanythingsaspossible.Unfortunately,I_____31_____tocatchupwiththem.Thisisnottheend.Duringcollegeyears,I_____32_____over30part-timejobsandreceivedafewresponses,butno_____33_____.Thisfall,Irequestedavarietyofinternship(實(shí)習(xí))again,_____34_____withmorerejections.Ibeganwondering,“IstherejustsomethingI_____35_____buteveryoneelsehas?WhatamIdoingwrong?”Reflectingontheseexperiences,I’verealizedthatthesourceofmyunhappinesswasn’tmyactualfailures,butthe_____36_____whyIthoughtIwouldfailed.Ihavebeentryingmybesttomeetmyparents’_____37_____ortobesomeoneelse.WhenIcan’tdothat,thisformoffailurekeepsmethinkingthatIamnot_____38_____.IhaveignoredthatI’mgoodat_____39_____else.Fromnowon,nomatterwhathappens,Iwon’tbe_____40_____bythepastanymore.MynewestversionofsuccessistobeadaptedtowhoIam.21.A.trouble B.joy C.spirit D.kindness22.A.believe B.behave C.decide D.demand23.A.energy B.honour C.kindness D.pressure24.A.read B.focus C.play D.practice25.A.way B.conclusion C.result D.reward26.A.classmates B.friends C.teachers D.parents27.A.hobbies B.affairs C.courses D.cartoons28.A.arrived B.disappeared C.hidden D.fallen29.A.if B.how C.where D.when30.A.however B.moreover C.therefore D.meanwhile31.A.failed B.learned C.hesitated D.managed32.A.waitedfor B.appliedfor C.preparedfor D.paidfor33.A.answers B.offers C.difficulties D.changes34.A.endingup B.turningup C.bringingup D.keepingup35.A.forget B.lose C.lack D.need36.A.hopes B.situations C.moments D.reasons37.A.presentation B.satisfaction C.expectation D.information38.A.successful B.careful C.helpful D.grateful39.A.nothing B.everything C.anything D.something40.A.praised B.burdened C.impressed D.rejected【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.B25.C26.D27.A28.D29.B30.C31.A32.B33.B34.A35.C36.D37.C38.A39.D40.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是夾敘夾議文。文章主要通過(guò)介紹自己對(duì)成功的看法的改變，讓自己認(rèn)識(shí)到，做好自己擅長(zhǎng)的事情就是成功?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我認(rèn)為我是一個(gè)成功的孩子，因?yàn)槲铱偸窃谧约合矚g做的事情里面發(fā)現(xiàn)快樂(lè)。A.trouble麻煩；B.joy快樂(lè)；C.spirit精神；D.kindness善良。根據(jù)上文“WhenIwasakid,Iusedtoseehappinessassuccess.”可知，作者認(rèn)為快樂(lè)就是成功。故選B。【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在初中和高中，我的家人讓我相信，學(xué)業(yè)優(yōu)秀就意味著成功，他們希望我成為一名優(yōu)等生。A.believe相信；B.behave行為；C.decide決定；D.demand要求。根據(jù)下文“thatacademicexcellencemeantsuccessandtheyexpectedmetobeatopstudent.”可知，作者的家人讓他相信了這個(gè)新的觀點(diǎn)。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這樣的期望對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)是無(wú)法忍受的壓力。A.energy精力；B.honour榮譽(yù)；C.kindness善良；D.pressure壓力。根據(jù)下文“ThoughIhadpushedmyselfveryhard,Icouldn’treally____4____duringclasses.”可知，家人的期望對(duì)作者來(lái)說(shuō)是無(wú)法忍受的壓力。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管我對(duì)自己要求很?chē)?yán)格，但在課堂上我還是不能真正做到集中精力。A.read讀；B.focus集中；C.play玩；D.practice練習(xí)。根