中考英語專題形容詞和副詞

中考語法——形容詞和副詞形容詞1.-Yeah,too_______workmakesmetired.[太原市]A.little B.manyC.much2.Theholidaymakesitpossibleforkidstodo_____.A.pleasantsomething;B.anythingpleasantC.nothingpleasant3.LiLei'swordsmadeher_________..[濟南]A．happily; B．angrily; C．crying; D．angry4.Ifeel________tohaveafriendlikehim.HealwayshelpsmeoutwhenIamintrouble.[太原市]A.luckily; B.happy; C.sorry5.JinYongisoneofthegreatestandoldest____writers．Heisstill________.[鎮(zhèn)江]A．living；aliveB．living；living C．alive；living D．alive；alive一、概念：形容詞修飾名詞，說明事物或人的性質或特征。二、形容詞可以充當?shù)木渥映煞郑?）定語：Whatafineday!2）表語：Shelookshappy.3）賓語補足語：Doyouthinkitnecessary?你認為這有必要嗎？4）狀語：Hearrivedhome,hungryandtired.他又餓又累的回到家里。三、形容詞在句中的位置：有的形容詞放在被修飾的名詞之前，稱為前置定語；少數(shù)形容詞放在被修飾的名詞之后，稱為后置定語。1）當多個形容詞修飾一個名詞時，形容詞的先后順序為：縣官行令色國材Thereisafamousfineoldstonebridgenearthevillage.村子附近有一座著名的漂亮的古代石橋。2）當形容詞詞組做定語時，放在名詞后面，充當后置定語。（相當于定語從句）Theboyinterestedinmusicismybrother.對音樂趕興趣的那個男孩是我弟弟。Theboyswimmingoverthereismybrother.在那邊游泳的男孩是我的哥哥。3）當形容詞用來修飾somebody,something,anything,nothing等的時候，放在這些詞的后面。Doyouhaveanythinginterestingtotellus?你有什么趣聞告訴我們嗎？四、有些形容詞只能放在系動詞后面做表語，不能放在名詞前面做定語。如ill（錯）Heisanillman.（對）Themanisill.這樣的詞主要包括：某些以a-開頭的形容詞afraid;alive;alone;ashamed;asleep;awake;alike;Nowthebabyisasleep.現(xiàn)在孩子睡著了。Hewasaloneinthehouse.他獨自一人在家里。某些表示健康的形容詞：fine；ill；well；Hewasillandcouldn’tcome．他病了，所以不能來。副詞1.Thesuitcase(手提箱)was__heavyformetocarry，soIpulleditupthestairsandintomyflat．[沈陽]A．quite Bso Cvery D．too2.MissYangalwaysmakesherhistoryclassvery___.[重慶]A．interest B．interests C．interesting D．interested3.-Whatdoyouthinkofthelecture(演講)ofLiYang'sCrazyEnglish?-Ithinkit's____，butsomeonethinksit'smuchtoo_____.A．wonderfulenough；bored;B．enoughwonderful；boringC．wonderfulenough；boring;D．enoughwonderful；bored4.It’stoolatetogooutnowand______,it’sstartingtorain.[杭州]

A.though

B.besides

C.however

D.instead概念：修飾動詞、形容詞或其他副詞的詞叫做副詞。副詞按其用途和含義可分為下面五類：1)時間副詞：表示動作的時間。常見的時間副詞有：now,before,lately,early,never,_________________________________________________.He’sneverbeentoBeijing.他從來沒有到過北京。2)地點副詞：表示動作發(fā)生的地點。常見的地點副詞有：here,inside,home,everywhere,down,up,___________________________________________________.Putdownyournamehere.寫下你的名字。3)方式副詞：絕大部分都是由“形容詞+ly”構成的,有少數(shù)方式副詞不帶詞尾-ly,它們與形容詞同形。常見的方式副詞有：successfully,angrily,happily,slowly,warmly,well,fast,slow,quick,hard,alone,high,straight,wide等。Theoldmanwalkedhomeslowly.這位老人慢慢地走回家。Herunsveryfast.他跑得很快。4)程度副詞：修飾形容詞和副詞，有少數(shù)用來修飾動詞或介詞短語。常見的程度副詞有：much,(a)little,_________________________________________________________________________________.Shesingsquitewell.他唱得相當好。Icanhardlyagreewithyou.我不能同意你的意見。5)疑問副詞：引導特殊疑問句的副詞。how,when,where,why,___________________________________.Whydidyoudothat?你為什么做那件事？(3)部分常用副詞的用法1)very,much都可表示“很”，very+形容詞和副詞的原級；much+形容詞和副詞的比較級。Sheisaverynicegirl她是一個很漂亮的姑娘。I’mfeelingmuchbetternow.現(xiàn)在我感覺很好。2)too,either都表示“也”，一般用于句末；too用于肯定句，either用于否定句。Shecandance,andIcandance,too.她會跳舞，我也會。Shecan’tdance,andIcan’tdance,either.她不會跳舞，我也不會。3)already,yet都用于完成時態(tài)。already一般用于語肯定句，yet一般用于否定句。Hehasalreadyleft.他已經離開。Haveyouheardfromhimyet?你還沒有收到他的信嗎？Hehasn’tansweredyet.他仍然沒有回答。4)so,neitherso和neither都可用于倒裝句，so表示肯定，neither表示否定。MybrotherlikesfootballandsodoI.我哥哥喜歡足球，我也喜歡。Mybrotherdoesn’tlikedancingandneitherdoI.我哥哥不喜歡跳舞，我也不喜歡。5)hard,hardlyhardly："幾乎不"；hard：努力的；Iworkhardeveryday.Icanhardlyrememberthat.6)late,latelylately："最近、近來"，late："晚、遲"。Henevercomeslate.Haveyoubeentothemuseumlately?形容詞和副詞的原級、比較級和最高級一、原級的用法。1）Johnismuchshorterthanhissister，buthejumps____shedoes．[連云港]A．asgoodas Basbestas C．ashighas D．ashigheras2）Don'tjustbelievetheadvertisement．Thatkindofcamerais______itsays.[湖北]A．asgoodas B．notasgoodas C．aswellas D．notaswellas表示雙方在程度、性質等方面相等時，用“as+原級形容詞／副詞+as”的結構；表示雙方不相等時，用"notso(as)+原級形容詞／副詞+as"的結構；表示一方是另一方的若干倍時，用“倍數(shù)+as+原級形容詞／副詞+as”的結構。他和她一樣高。Heis_____________her.他和她跑得一樣快。Heruns________________her.二、比較級的用法。1）-Whichcoatis____onme，theblueoneortheblackone?-Theblueone．[北京市]A.good B.betterC．best D．thebest2）-IthinkShanghaifoodis____Sichuanfood．-Idon'tagree．IlikeSichuanfoodbetter．[沈陽市]A．betterthan;B.sogoodas;C.morethan;D.aswellas3)-Whatdoesyourcousinlooklikenow?-oh,heismuch____thanbefore．[福州市]A．strong; Bstronger; Cstrongest;D．toostrong4)Let'sgobyplane,It's_____thanbytrain.[吉林省]A.faster;B.fastest;C.slower;D.slowest1.表示一方超過另一方時，用“比較級+than"的結構表示。2.表示一方不及另一方時，用"less+原級+than"的結構表示。3．一方在程度或數(shù)量上超過另一方時，可在比較級前加程度副詞even，alot，abit，alittle，still，much，far，yet，byfar等來修飾。1)-YouspeakEnglishmuch________thanbefore.-Thankyou.[陜西省]A.well; B.better; C.best; D.good2)-MrSmith,wouldyoupleasespeakalittlemore___?-Sorry!Ithoughtyoucouldfollowme.[安徽省]A.quietly;B.quicklyC.slowlyD.politely4．比較級+and+比較級：越來越...1)Thenumberofgiantpandasisgetting______becausetheirlivingareasarebecomingfarmlands.（年江蘇鹽城）

A.lessandless

B.largerandlarger C.smallerandsmaller

D.fewerandfewer5.用"the+比較級，the+比較級”：“越…，越...1)-Hi,Andrew．HowcanyouimproveyourEnglishsomuch?-Oh，nothingdifficult．The__youworkatit，the__progressyouwillmake．[黃岡市]A．harder；more B.morehardly；more C．hardier；greater D．harder；great2)-Asmiddleschoolstudents,weshouldstudyhardforthefuture.-Ithinkso._____westudynow,____futurewe'llhave.[哈爾濱市]A.Thehard;thegoodB.Theharder;thebetterC.Thehardest;thebest三、最高級的用法1）-Whois____runningstarinyourcollege?-IthinkPhilipis．[長春]A．famous; B．morefamous;C．themostfamous;D．lessfamous2）Ofallthesportsshoes,Johnbought_________pair.Thenhehadsomemoneyforsocks.[成都市]A.acheaper;B.themostwonderful;C.theleastexpensive3)-Whatdoyoulike____，tea，coffeeormilk?-Tea,ofcourse.[浙江]A．better;B．good; C．well; D．best4．-Didyouenjoyyourselfattheparty?-Yes．I'veneverbeento____onebefore．[蘇州]A．amoreexcitingB．themostexcited C．amoreexcited D．themo