專題18 定語從句 (解析版)

高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)語法填空專題應(yīng)對策略專題18定語從句目錄一知識網(wǎng)絡(luò)定語從句的概念、關(guān)系詞、非限制性定語從句和As引導(dǎo)的定語從句二考點考法關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞三真題回顧展現(xiàn)命題趨勢，明確考試目標(biāo)四真題訓(xùn)練近幾年高考定語從句專題訓(xùn)練五考情分析定語從句是語法填空的?？键c，非限制性定語從句是考查的重點。六模擬操練再次鞏固所掌握的知識點體系并能靈活應(yīng)用知識網(wǎng)絡(luò)定語從句1.概念：在全句中作定語的從句先行詞：定語從句所修飾的名詞或代詞關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞。它有三個作用：1.引導(dǎo)定語從句2.代表先行詞3.在從句中作句子成分關(guān)系詞a.關(guān)系代詞指人1)作主語：I’mascientistwho/thatstudiesanimalssuchasapesandmonkeys.2)作賓語：Thegirl(whom/who/that)ImetyesterdayiscalledJane.3)作定語：Ihadastudentwhosecreativitywouldinfectothers.指物1)作主語：Idonotlikethenovelswhich/thathaveunhappyendings.2)作賓語：I’dliketoseethecar(which/that)youboughtyesterday.3)作定語：Thehousewhosedoors(=thedoorsofwhich/ofwhichthedoors)aregreenismyuncle’s.b.關(guān)系副詞1)作時間狀語(先行詞是時間)：Julyisthemonthwhen(=inwhich)nature’sberriesareinabundance.2)作地點狀語(先行詞是地點)：Upstairshehadastudiowhere(=inwhich)hepaintedalittle.3)作原因狀語(先行詞是reason)：Thisisthereasonwhy(=forwhich)hewaslateforschool.4)作方式狀語(先行詞是way)：Idon’tlikethewaythat(=inwhich)youlaughather.c.介詞+關(guān)系代詞HerewassomeonewithwhomIcouldsharemyfeelings.[=(whom/whom/that)Icould...with]Hehasthreechildren,twoofwhomarecollegestudents.(部分與整體)d.不能用that1)非限制性定語從句：Hechangedhismind,whichmademeveryangry.2)直接位于介詞后：ThesewereallqualitiesforwhichIhadoncerespectedmyelderbrother.3)people,those,one等指人時多用who：Peoplewhoreachouttostrangersfeelgood.e.只/多用that1)先行詞包括人和物：Theytalkedaboutthepersonsandthingsthatmostimpressedthem.2)序數(shù)詞或最高級后：Thefirstthingthatshouldbedoneistoworkoutaplan.Thisisthebestdictionary(that)I’veeverused.3)指事物的不定代詞后：Nowallthatwasneededweretheparents.4)theonly/very后的事物：Theyarethoughttobetheonlyinsectthatdoesthis.TheBird’sNestistheveryplace(that)youcannotmisswhenyouvisitBeijing.5)who/which開頭的問句中WhoisthegirlthatistalkingtoTominEnglish?Whichisthehousethatcaughtfirelastnight?3.非限制性定語從句三個特點:對先行詞起補(bǔ)充說明作用；用逗號與主句分開;不可由that引導(dǎo)。Themarket,whichwasfoundedin1979,setsupitstentseverySaturday.適用情況1)先行詞是整個主句：Marywaslateagain,whichmadetheteacherveryangry.2)先行詞是專有名詞：Johnlikesrice,asopposedtoMary,whohatesit.3)先行詞前有物主代詞：Hisson,towhomhehasbeendevoted,islivingabroad.4)先行詞是一類人或事物：Football,whichisaveryinterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.4.As引導(dǎo)的定語從句1)限制性：在such,as,thesame后:Thisisthesamepersonascameyesterday.2)非限制性：Aswasexpected,heperformedthetaskwithsuccess.［(不出所料)as作主語，謂語通常要有be］考點考法關(guān)系詞填空1)關(guān)系代詞ButSarah,______hastakenpartinshows,wantstoprove…(答案為who)...itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth,_______isnotgood...(答案為which)...madeastudy___________showedamerefiveto...(答案為that/which)2)關(guān)系副詞：...goesbacktomydays,______IwasthefirstWesternTVreporter…(答案為when)真題回顧1.(2023年全國甲卷)Theformofthefablestillhasvaluestoday,63RachelCarsonsaysin“AFableforTomorrow.”【解析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，指代前面整句話的內(nèi)容。分析句意可知，此處應(yīng)表示“正如”，故填A(yù)s。2.(2023年全國甲卷)“TherewasonceatownintheheartofAmerica64alllifeseemedtoenjoypeacefulco-existencewithitssurroundings,”【解析】句意：曾經(jīng)有一個位于美國中心的小鎮(zhèn)，那里的所有生命似乎都與周圍的環(huán)境和平共處-------。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)并結(jié)合句意可知，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，該從句對空前的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行修飾和限定，先行詞atown為地點，且從句不缺少成分，因此用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)該從句，故填where。3.(2022年新高考Ⅰ卷)TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforallthespecies_______livewithintheGiantPandaRangeandsignificantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosysteminthearea.【解析】引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句并在從句中作主語，先行詞species指物，且先行詞前由all修飾，只能用關(guān)系代詞that，故填that。4.(2021全國新高考Ⅱ卷)IdecidedthatifIlearnedofacompany___________usedalotofplastic,I’dsenditanemailurgingittocutback.【解析】引導(dǎo)定語從句，從句中缺主語，先行詞為company，故填that或which。5.(2020全國Ⅰ卷)Becausethemoon’sbodyblocksdirectradiocommunicationwithaprobe,Chinafirsthadtoputasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspot________itcouldsendsignalstothespacecraftandtoEarth.【解析】先行詞為spot，在定語從句中作地點狀語，故填where。6.(2020全國Ⅲ卷)InancientChinalivedanartist_______paintingswerealmostlifelike.【解析】指這位畫家的畫作，先行詞為artist，引導(dǎo)定語從句并在從句中作定語，故填whose。7.(2020新高考全國Ⅰ卷)The80,000objectscollectedbySirHansSloane,forexample,formedthecorecollectionoftheBritishMuseum____________openedin1759.【解析】先行詞為theBritishMuseum，在定語從句中作主語，用關(guān)系代詞which或that，故填which或that。8.(2020新高考全國Ⅱ卷)TheDigitalWorldisasetofvolumes______________aimtodescribehowdigitalsystemsinfluencesocietyandhelpreadersunderstandthenatureofdigitalsystemsandtheirmanyinteractingparts.【解析】先行詞為volumes，在定語從句中作主語，用關(guān)系代詞that或which。9.(2019全國Ⅰ卷)NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield,_______sheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.【解析】引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,在從句中作opened的賓語，先行詞為thepetshop，故用which。10.(2019全國Ⅲ卷)Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmasters________hadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals.【解析】引導(dǎo)定語從句,從句中缺主語,先行詞為masters，故填that/who。11.(2017全國Ⅲ卷)ButSarah,______hastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wantstoprovethatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.【解析】非限制性定語從句，補(bǔ)充說明Sarah；先行詞Sarah是人，在從句中作主語，故用who引導(dǎo)，故填who。12.(2016全國Ⅰ卷)ButmyconnectionwithpandasgoesbacktomydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s,_______IwasthefirstWesternTVreporterpermittedtofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild.【解析】非限制性定語從句，先行詞是themid-1980s，并在從句中作時間狀語，故用when?？记榉治隹记椋憾ㄕZ從句是語法填空的?？键c。特別是全國Ⅰ卷，幾乎每年一題，必須重視。且非限制性定語從句是考查的重點。到目前為止，具體考點有：1.先行詞是人時，用who。如語法填空第8和第9題。2.先行詞是物時，用which。如語法填空第2、5、6和第7題。3.當(dāng)先行詞與從句中某個名詞有所屬關(guān)系，表示“……的”之意，用whose。如語法填空第4題。4.引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句且指物用which，如語法填空第7題。引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句且指人用who，如語法填空第9題。5.先行詞是表示時間或地點的詞，在從句中作狀語時，分別用when和where。如語法填空第3和第10題。解法：首先判斷是否為定語從句，是限制性定語從句還是非限制性定語從句；然后看先行詞是人、是物還是整個主句；再看代表先行詞的關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作何種句子成分，最后再確定填哪個關(guān)系詞。模擬操練語法填空：在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。1.(2023屆江蘇常州期中考試)She’soneofseveralartistsinterviewed__________wereunhappytolearnthatpicturesoftheirworkwereusedwithoutsomeoneinformingthem.【解析】引導(dǎo)定語從句并在從句中作主語，先行詞artists是人，用who或that。2.(2023屆江蘇徐州期中考試)Stone-liftingandTibetanchessarenowamongactivities____________havebeenincludedinregionalethnicsportsmeets.【解析】引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞activities，從句缺主語，先行詞指物，用關(guān)系代詞that或which。3.Accordingtostatisticsfromtheorganizer,157,326visitorsattendedthefestival,manyof________werehanfu-wearingenthusiasts(熱衷者),calledtongpao.【解析】先行詞是visitors,因前面有介詞,只能用whom,不能填that或who。of表示部分與整體的關(guān)系，manyofwhom=andmanyofthem其中許多人。4.Hewasselectedfrommorethan60candidates,allof________arefromremoteregionsinTibet.【解析】指代先行詞candidates(候選人)是人，緊跟在介詞of后，只能填whom。allofwhom相當(dāng)于andallofthem。5.(2023屆浙江杭州一模)Whales___________wereabletoquicklyeatalotoffoodsurvived,andgotlarger.【解析】引導(dǎo)定語從句且在從句中作主語，先行詞whales指物，且在從句中作主語，故填that或which。6.(2023屆廣西南寧摸底測試)Players________arrowsfailedtomakethepothadtodrinkwineasapunishment.【解析】指游戲者的箭，引導(dǎo)定語從句并在從句中作定語，故填whose。7.(2023屆河北保定期中測試)ThebronzemaskhasstruckthefancyofChinesenetizens,_______commentsonthehairstyleremindedthemofthecrown-shapedhat…【解析】指中國網(wǎng)民的評論，引導(dǎo)定語從句并在從句中作定語，修飾comments，故填whose。8.TherearemanygreatdestinationsintheUK,oneof_______istheSouth-WestofEngland.【解析】先行詞是destinations，且位于介詞of后，只能用關(guān)系代詞which。oneofwhich=andoneofthem，故填which。9.(2023屆湖北黃岡期中測試)Thensheneedstoshareherfeelingsinadiary____________willbehandedintoherteacher.【解析】引導(dǎo)定語從句并在從句中作主語，先行詞diary指物，故填which或that。10.Thepasteismadeintoshapesrangingfromsimpletocomplexrounds,someof_______arestuffed(塞滿)withsweetfillings.【解析】先行詞shapes是物，又緊跟在介詞(of)后，只能用which引導(dǎo)定語從句。someofwhich相當(dāng)于andsomeofthem，故填which。11.Todaythecavesarejustasinternationalastheywereatthetime________peopletravelledtheSilkRoad.【解析】先行詞是atthetime，且在從句中充當(dāng)時間狀語，故用when引導(dǎo)。意為“今天的洞窟和當(dāng)時人們走過絲綢之路時的洞窟一樣國際化。”，故填when。12.WithitgoingonsaleinChinainOctober,itisnowfacingcompetitionfrommanylocalbrands,mostof______havesimilarphonessoldatmuchlowerprices.【解析】先行詞brands是事物,緊跟在介詞后,只能用which。介詞of表示部分與整理的關(guān)系，mostofwhich=andmostofthem，故填which。13.Infact,IELTSistheonlyEnglishlanguagetest______isacceptedforimmigrationpurposesbyallcountriesthatrequireone.【解析】引導(dǎo)定語從句并在從句中作主語，先行詞Englishlanguagetest指物且被theonly修飾，關(guān)系代詞只能用that。14.AsthestrongestanimalselectedbyChinesepeople,thedragonhasthestrongestpower_______helpsitgototheHeavenandtheHell,andmakecloudandrains.【解析】引導(dǎo)定語從句并在從句中作主語，先行詞power指物，又受最高級修飾，故填that。15.ResearchersataMassachusetts’universityarecreatingthefirstrobot______canconstantlychangeitsshapeaccordingtothetaskithastodo.【解析】引導(dǎo)定語從句并在從句中作主語，修飾先行詞robot，且先行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾，故用that。16.We’reoftentoldto“eatarainbow”andweaimfortheveryguideline______saysthemorecolourafoodhas,thebetteritis.【解析】修飾guideline(準(zhǔn)則),因先行詞被thevery修飾,故只能用that。17.(2023屆廣東廣州階段訓(xùn)練)Thecountryisnowhometo14worldnaturalheritagesitesandfourmixedsites,_______arenotedforbothculturalandnaturalfeatures.【解析】引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，從句中缺少主語，先行詞14worldnaturalheritagesitesandfourmixedsites是物，故填which。注意：引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句不能用that。18.(2023屆江蘇連云港期中調(diào)研)VarioustypesofstoneswereusedfromtheSongDynasty,________ledtoaboomforsealcarving.【解析】引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，指代前面的整個句子作主語，故填which。19.(2023屆江蘇鎮(zhèn)江期中調(diào)研)Attheopeningceremony,the2008NobelPrizewinnerforliteratureFrenchwriterJean-MarieGustaveLeClézio,_______hadoncevisitedHangzhou,madeanappearancethroughavideo.【解析】空格前有逗號，可判定是非限制性定語從句；從句缺主語，先行詞Jean-MarieGustaveLeClézio是人，故填who。20.Currently,theChinesegovernmentinconjunctionwiththeWWFaredoingall______ispossibletosavethegiantpanda.【解析】當(dāng)先行詞是指事物的不定代詞all時，引導(dǎo)定語從句只能用that，故填that。21.[2023·廣東省六校第一次聯(lián)考]Gigworkers,oftenreferredtoasindependentcontractors(承包人)ortemporaryworkers,arethosesuchasdeliverydriversandonlinesaleshosts________oftenenterintocontractswithon-demandcompaniestoprovideservicesfortheirclients.【解析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞為those，指人，空處在從句中作主語，故用關(guān)系代詞who。22.(2023屆山西呂梁階段性測試)Onecreature____________sharesthesamehabitatwiththegiantpandaistheredpanda.【解析】引導(dǎo)定語從句并在從句中充當(dāng)主語，先行詞onecreature是物，故填that或which。23.(2023屆廣東大灣區(qū)一模)TheLittleNewYear,______isalsocalledtheMinorNewYear’sDay,usuallyfallsroughlyaweekbeforetheLunarNewYear.【解析】引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，從句中缺少主語，先行詞TheLittleNewYear指物，故填which。24.(2023屆山東濟(jì)南期中考試)Morethan200booksweredonatedbyJinlingLibrary,________coverfieldssuchasancientChineseliteratureandart,history,cultureandfood.【解析】引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句并在從句中作主語，先行詞是books，故填which。25.(2023屆四川瀘州一診)“Ididn’texpectthesmallplantwouldchangemylife,”saysZhu,35,______quithisjobin2014andjoinedanorganization,theSocietyofEntrepreneursandEcologyConservation.【解析】引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，從句缺主語，先行詞Zhu是人，故填who。26.(2023屆貴州遵義期中考試)“Chongqingpeoplearereallyamazing,”saidDuHailang,______istheheadoftheBeijingEmergencyRescueAssociation,anorganizationfoundedin2007thathastakenpartinmanyoverseasrescueoperations.【解析】引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，從句缺少主語，先行詞DuHailang是人，故填who。27.(2023屆河南新鄉(xiāng)一模)TheXi’anCityWall,________isasymbolofthehistoryandcultureofXi’an,thecapitalofShaanxiProvince,hasbecomeanimportantcitybrandaftercontinuousimprovements.【解析】引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，從句部分缺少主語，且先行詞TheXi’anCityWall為物，故用which。28.(2023屆廣東汕頭質(zhì)檢)Shehasbeenworkingasatourguideandvendor(小販)inYangshuosince1998,_______theareabecamefamouswithforeignbackpackersandorganizedtours.【解析】先行詞是1998，在定語從句中作時間狀語，故用when引導(dǎo)，意為：自1998年以來，她一直在陽朔做導(dǎo)游和小販，當(dāng)時該地區(qū)因外國背包客和組織旅游而聞名，故填when。29.(2023屆廣東佛山順德質(zhì)檢)WuwasbornonMay31,1912,inLiuhetown,Taicang,________theYangtzeRiverflowsintotheEastSea.【解析】先行詞是地點名詞Liuhetown,Taicang，引導(dǎo)定語從句并在從句中作地點狀語，故用where引導(dǎo)。30.(2023屆遼寧沈陽期中考試)Thefindingssuggestsomethingisspecialinthehippocampus(海馬體)—aregionofthebrain_____________supportsmemoryandhelpstoadjustappetite.【解析】引導(dǎo)定語從句并在從句中作主語，先行詞hippocampus指物，用which或that。31.(2023屆浙江湖州聯(lián)考)Toexplainthedecision,mayorKirkCaldwellsaid,“Unfortunately,weholdthehonourofbeingamajorcity__________morepedestrians(行人)arehitincrosswalksthanalmostanyothercityinthecountry.”【解析】引導(dǎo)定語從句，從句中不缺主語或賓語，空格處用關(guān)系副詞，先行詞city是地方，故用關(guān)系副詞where。32.[2023·江西重點中學(xué)協(xié)作體聯(lián)考]NowadaysanincreasingnumberofpeopleinvariouspartsofChinahavebeguntocelebratetheirflowerfestivalagain,someof________，dressedinhanfu,atypeoftraditionalChinesecostume,performaseriesofceremonies.【解析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，“Nowadays...again”是一個完整的句子，后面是“不定代詞＋of＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句。該從句的先行詞是people,空前有someof,故關(guān)系代詞只能用whom。33.(2023屆重慶11月調(diào)研)Second,thesocialnetworkingwebsitecreatesanenvironment,______youareallowedtointeracteasilywithothers:Youcanshareyourphotos,videos,linksandthoughts,andrespondtowhattheyshareinturn.【解析】引導(dǎo)定語從句并在從句中作狀語，先行詞是地點名詞environment，故用where。34.InplacessuchasHongKong…theEnglishphraseoftenreplacestheChinesecharacters,andthisisthereason________thephrasehasbeenaddedtothedictionary.【解析】先行詞是thereason，且在定語從句中充當(dāng)狀語時，用why引導(dǎo)定語從句。建議將thereasonwhy…(……的原因)作為一個整體來記憶，故填why。35.(2023屆浙江湖州、麗水、衢州質(zhì)檢)Whatmakessomethingasport?Traditionaldefinitionsusuallyincludedsomephysicalactivity____________showsathleticabilityorstrength.【解析】引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句并在從句中作主語，先行詞somephysicalactivity是物，故用關(guān)系代詞which或that。36.Ibelieve,thisisanimportantreason_____I’mabletomakeprogressinlearningEnglish.【解析】在reason后用why引導(dǎo)的定語從句，表示“……的原因”，故填why。[2023·福州高三起點調(diào)研]BythetimeoftheMingDynasty,peoplecouldusetheabacusinaddition,subtraction,multiplicationanddivision,________werewidelyusedforcalculatingtheweight,amount,spaceandvolume.【解析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞為addition,subtraction,multiplicationanddivision，空處在從句中作主語，所以填which。38.______oneresearcherwhoisworkingontheprojectexplains,“Appreciatingone’sownculturalheritageisveryimportantforunderstandingoneself.”【解析】表示“正如……所說”，用As，引導(dǎo)定語從句并在從句中作explains的賓語，替代后面引號中的整個句子，故填A(yù)s。39.[2023·嘉興市高三基礎(chǔ)測試]Aftereachcycleoftrading,companies________haveleftovercarbonallowances(限額)cansellthemtoothers.【解析】根據(jù)語境并分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該空引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾先行詞companies，先行詞指物，該空在定語從句中作主語，故應(yīng)填that/which。40.[2023·山東省實驗中學(xué)模擬]Theappdoesthisbymonitoringtheirtime________theusersgotosleep,whichmeansthatyouwillfeellesssleepywhenyouwakeupeverymorning.【解析】句意：該應(yīng)用程序通過監(jiān)測用戶睡覺的時間來實現(xiàn)這一點，這意味著每天早上醒來時你會感覺不那么困了。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處“________theusersgotosleep”是限定性定語從句，先行詞是time，指時間，從句缺少時間狀語，故填when。41.[2023·麗水、湖州、衢州市質(zhì)量檢測]Whatmakessomethingasport?Traditionaldefinitionsusuallyincludedsomephysicalactivities________showathleticabilityorstrength.【解析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞是表示物的名詞短語physicalactivities，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，所以空處填which/that。42.[2023·湖南省高三聯(lián)考]Thecharacter“three”isshapedlikeabook,________representsthelonghistoricaltraditionofRongBaoZhai.【解析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該空引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，且空處在定語從句中作主語，指代主句“Thecharacter‘three’isshapedlikeabook”，故填which。43.[2023·青島市高三調(diào)研]Insteadofaneconomyofthetypicaltake-make-disposemodel,ChopValueseekstocreateone________transformswasteintoausableresource.【解析】分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞one，且在從句中作主語，所以填that。one為不定代詞，其后定語從句不宜用which引導(dǎo)，故填that。44.[2023·湖南省第二次合檢測]Thereason________thistraditionalflatbreadhappeningtobepopularamongtheethnicgroupshereliesinitsbeingeasytobake,storeandtransport.【解析】句意：這種傳統(tǒng)的大餅之所以能在這里的少數(shù)民族中流行，是因為它易于烘烤、儲存和運輸。分析句子可知，空格處為限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞reason，關(guān)系詞代替先行詞在定語從句中作原因狀語，表示“由于這個原因”，應(yīng)使用關(guān)系副詞why引導(dǎo)該定語從句，故填why。45.[2023·湖南省第二次合檢測]WhereveryougoinXinjiang,whethernorthorsouthoftheTianshanMountains,you'llnoticesmallstands________somecrispyanddeliciousnangissold.【解析】句意：在新疆，無論你走到哪里，無論是在天山的北邊還是南邊，你都會看到一些賣酥脆可口的馕的小攤。分析句子可知，空格處為限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞stands，關(guān)系詞代替先行詞在定語從句中作地點狀語，表示“在這些小攤上”，應(yīng)使用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)該定語從句，故填where。46.[2023·遼寧省五校聯(lián)考]ShaxiansnacksisashiningexampleofChinesefoodchainbrands,________mostlikelyincludefoodssuchassteameddumplings,noodlesandhuntun.【解析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此句為一個非限制性定語從句，先行詞指物，且關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)，故填which。47.[2023·郴州市第一次質(zhì)量監(jiān)測]Thegovernmenthasalsointroducedanewproposalinordertolimittheamountofafter-schooleducationkidscanattend,especiallyduringholidaysandfestivals,________kidsshouldbehavingfun.【解析】句意：政府還提出了一項新的建議，以限制孩子們可以參加的課外教育的數(shù)量，特別是在假期和節(jié)日期間，孩子們本應(yīng)該享受樂趣。分析句子可知，此處是一個非限制性定語從句，先行詞是holidaysandfestivals，在從句中作時間狀語，要用關(guān)系副詞when引導(dǎo)，故填when。48.[2023·濟(jì)南名校高三交流聯(lián)考]ProjectHope,launchedbytheChinaYouthDevelopmentFoundationin1989,iscommittedtosendingpoorchildrentoschools,andhasmadeadifferenceinthelivesof6millionstudentsfrompoorfamiliesnationwideoverthepastthreedecades,among________isSu.【解析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處考查“介詞＋關(guān)