北京卷04-2024年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)測試卷（解析版）

2024年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)測試卷四（北京卷）本試卷共100分?？荚嚂r長100分鐘考生務(wù)必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分：學(xué)問運用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)完型填空（共10小題：每小題1.5份，共15份）閱讀下面短文，把握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該選項涂黑。(2022-2023學(xué)年北京市海淀區(qū))BeforeJennypassedawayfromcancer,shemadeherhusband,Steve,andtheirdaughter,Brittany,promiseheronething:hewould___1___Brittany,ahighschoolsenior,tothehomecoming(返校節(jié))game,whereshewas___2___forhomecomingqueen.Itwasimportanttoherthatherdaughtershouldgo.BrittanyandSteve___3___.Dayslater,onthemorningofFriday,September24,Jennydied.Keepingtheir___4___,thatveryafternoon,anemotionalBrittanywalkedarminarmwithherfatheracrossthefootballfieldwiththeothernominees(被提名者)toawaitthe___5___ofthevoting.Brittanywasn’tnamedhomecomingqueenthatday;Nylawas.But,likemanyintheclose-knitcommunity,NylihadheardaboutJennyandhernobledeedsforthecommunity.Ina(n)___6___gesture,momentsafterreceivingthecrown,NylawalkedovertoBrittany,removedthecrownfromherhead,andplaceditatopherfriend’s.Thetwoembraced,___7___holdingeachothertightlyforsupport.“She’dratherhavehermomthanacrown,”Nylasaid.ByhandingittoBrittany,“Iwastellingherthatshewashermom’squeen,andthatshewaslovedbymany,especiallyme.”“Ifellsomuchlovefromher,andIjustfeltsmuchloveforher,”saidBrittany,whopaidNylatheultimatepraise.“IcanseemymomthroughNyla.Theyhavethesamecaring,___8___spirit.”“Nylaisnolessqueenforlackofacrown.”saidateacher.There’sasayingthatrealqueens___9___eachother’scrowns.Butthetruthis,realqueensgiveuptheircrownstoletotherqueens____10____.1．A．invite B．introduce C．recommend D．a(chǎn)ccompany2．A．running B．voting C．seeking D．a(chǎn)pplying3．A．a(chǎn)greed B．negotiated C．hesitated D．declined4．A．a(chǎn)ward B．promise C．a(chǎn)ppointment D．secret5．A．session B．process C．outcome D．start6．A．unplanned B．expectant C．unwilling D．typical7．A．gratefully B．cheerfully C．sadly D．tearfully8．A．volunteering B．nursing C．giving D．forgiving9．A．wear B．make C．trade D．fix10．A．stand B．shine C．lead D．celebrate1．D2．A3．A4．B5．C6．A7．D8．C9．D10．B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要敘述了Brittany的母親患癌癥去世了，雖然Brittany沒能贏得返校節(jié)女王，但她的伴侶Nyla將自己的王冠戴在了她的頭上，以表達自己的支持。1．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在珍妮死于癌癥之前，她讓她的丈夫史蒂夫和他們的女兒布列塔尼答應(yīng)她一件事：他會陪高中畢業(yè)班的布列塔尼去參與返校節(jié)競賽，在那里她競選返校節(jié)女王。A.invite邀請；B.introduce介紹；C.recommend推舉；D.accompany陪伴。依據(jù)后文“Brittany,ahighschoolsenior,tothehomecominggame”指陪伴女兒去參與返校節(jié)競賽，故選D。2．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在珍妮死于癌癥之前，她讓她的丈夫史蒂夫和他們的女兒布列塔尼答應(yīng)她一件事：他會陪高中畢業(yè)班的布列塔尼去參與返校節(jié)競賽，在那里她競選返校節(jié)女王。A.running奔跑，競選；B.voting投票；C.seeking查找；D.applying應(yīng)用。依據(jù)后文“forhomecomingqueen”指競選返校節(jié)女王，應(yīng)用runfor表示“競選”。故選A。3．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：布列塔尼和史蒂夫同意了。A.agreed同意；B.negotiated協(xié)商；C.hesitated遲疑；D.declined下降。結(jié)合后文“emotionalBrittanywalkedarminarmwithherfather”提到史蒂夫陪女兒去競選，可知女兒布列塔尼和史蒂夫同意了。故選A。4．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：就在那天下午，布列塔尼遵守諾言，感動地與父親自挽手，與其他被提名者一起穿過足球場，等待投票結(jié)果。A.award嘉獎；B.promise承諾；C.appointment任命；D.secret隱秘。依據(jù)后文“emotionalBrittanywalkedarminarmwithherfather”可知，女兒遵守和母親的諾言，短語keepone’spromise表示“遵守諾言”。故選B。5．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：就在那天下午，布列塔尼遵守諾言，感動地與父親自挽手，與其他被提名者一起穿過足球場，等待投票結(jié)果。A.session會議；B.process過程；C.outcome結(jié)果；D.start開頭。依據(jù)上文“theothernomineestoawaitthe”可知，此處是和其他被提名者一起穿過足球場，等待投票結(jié)果。故選C。6．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在一個意外的舉動中，在接受皇冠后不久，尼拉走向布列塔尼，從她的頭上取下皇冠，并把它放在她伴侶的頭上。A.unplanned意外的；B.expectant期盼的；C.unwilling不情愿的；D.typical典型的。依據(jù)后文“momentsafterreceivingthecrown,NylawalkedovertoBrittany,removedthecrownfromherhead,andplaceditatopherfriend’s”可知，尼拉把自己的皇冠給了伴侶，是意外的舉動。故選A。7．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：兩人擁抱在一起，含淚緊緊地?fù)肀г谝黄?。A.gratefully感謝地；B.cheerfully興奮地；C.sadly哀痛地；D.tearfully含淚地。依據(jù)后文“holdingeachothertightlyforsupport”可知，此處指兩人擁抱在一起，由于感動而含淚。故選D。8．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們有同樣的關(guān)懷和賜予精神。A.volunteering志愿；B.nursing護理；C.giving賜予；D.forgiving原諒。依據(jù)上文可知，尼拉把自己的王冠給了布列塔尼，此處指賜予精神。故選C。9．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：俗話說，真正的女王會為彼此整理王冠。A.wear穿；B.make制作；C.trade交易；D.fix整理。依據(jù)上文兩個伴侶的故事可知，此處realqueensfixeachother’scrowns“真正的女王會為彼此整理王冠”用來表示伴侶之間相互扶持與提攜。故選D。10．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但事實是，真正的女王會放棄自己的王冠，讓其她女王發(fā)光。A.stand站立；B.shine閃爍；C.lead帶領(lǐng)；D.celebrate慶祝。依據(jù)上文“realqueensgiveuptheircrownstoletotherqueens”可知，真正的女王會放棄自己的王冠，讓其她女王發(fā)光。故選B。其次節(jié)語法填空（共10小題，每小題1.5分,共15分）(2023門頭溝區(qū))A閱讀下列短文，依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫一個適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Standingontheshoreofalake,Icouldn’thelpadmiringthehundredsofsmallrockthat____11____(surround)myshoes.Allcreatedfromhardsurfaces,therockssoftenovertime.AndIwaswondering____12____wecouldlearnfromapileofrocks.Oncewasasharprockthatwascoveredwithpointyedges,andnowIhavefoundmyattitudehavesoftenedandmydesiretounderstandothers____13____(expand)withtime.【答案】11.surrounded12.what13.hasexpanded【解析】這是一篇記敘文。作者站在湖岸邊，看著鞋子四周的小石子，油然而生對生活的感悟。11考查時態(tài)。句意：站在湖岸上，我忍不住觀賞著鞋子四周的數(shù)百塊小石頭。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空白處在定語從句中作謂語，因句子表達的是一個過去的動作，應(yīng)使用一般過去時，故填surrounded。12考查名詞性從句。句意：我想知道我們能從一堆石頭中學(xué)到什么。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，這是一個包含賓語從句的復(fù)合句，因空白處在句子中做主語表示內(nèi)容，使用what引導(dǎo)定語從句，故填what。13考查時態(tài)。句意：隨著時間的推移，我發(fā)覺自己的態(tài)度被軟化了，理解他人的欲望也擴大了。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空白處在句子中作謂語，因句子表示的是過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響，謂語動詞使用現(xiàn)在完成時，故填hasexpanded。B閱讀下列短文，依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫一個適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Oildominateseveryaspect____14____ourlife.Itfuelsourcars,anditisusedinproductionofourplasticgoodsandtheelectricityforourhomesandfactories.Moreover,itcaneven____15____(find)inthefertilizerforthesoilinwhichourfoodgrows.Oilmakesnations____16____(extreme)wealthy,whileshortagesofoilcanbringeconomiestotheirknees.Inshort,thisblackandstickysubstancehasbeenrunning____17____(we)world.【答案】14.of15.befound16.extremely17.our【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章簡要介紹了石油把握著我們生活的方方面面。14考查介詞。句意：石油主宰著我們生活的方方面面。依據(jù)空白處上文“aspect(方面)”以及下文“ourlife(我們生活)”可知上下文之間為所屬關(guān)系，故填of。15考查被動語態(tài)。句意：此外，它甚至可以在我們食物生長的土壤的肥料中找到。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空白處在句子中作謂語，與主語之間為被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用被動語態(tài)，因空白處前面有情態(tài)動詞can，空白處只需填be+過去分詞，故填befound。16考查副詞。句意：石油使國家變得極其富有，而石油短缺會使經(jīng)濟陷入癱瘓。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空白處在句子中作狀語，使用副詞，故填extremely。17考查代詞。句意：簡而言之，這種黑色粘稠的物質(zhì)始終在統(tǒng)治著我們的世界。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空白處在句子中作定語，應(yīng)使用形容詞性物主代詞，故填our。C閱讀下面短文，依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫一個適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Whenwegooutdoorsinwinter,coldwindgetsthroughourclothes,____18____(hit)ourbodypartsfiercely.Thenwemayfeelcold.Howdowefeelcold?Actuallyhumanskinisfilledwithtemperature-sensingnervereceptorsnamedTRPs,whichreceivestimuli(刺激)fromtheenvironment.____19____(sense)thecold，thebrainusesoneofthereceptorscalledTRPM8.WhentheTRPM8ishitbystimuli,itwillsendanelectricsignaltothebrain,___20___understandsthesignalas“cold”.【答案】18.hitting19.Tosense20.which【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹我們是怎樣感知到冷的。18考查現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語。句意：當(dāng)我們在冬天外出時，冷風(fēng)穿過我們的衣服，猛烈地攻擊我們的身體部位。此處句子主語coldwind和動詞hit之間是主動關(guān)系，是現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語。故填hitting。19考查動詞不定式作目的狀語。句意：為了感知寒冷，大腦使用一種名為TRPM8的受體。此處是動詞不定式作目的狀語，且to的首字母大寫。故填Tosense。20考查非限制性定語從句。句意：當(dāng)TRPM8受到刺激時，它會向大腦發(fā)送一個電信號，大腦將這個信號理解為“冷”。此處thebrain作先行詞，指物，在后面的非限制性定語從句中作主語，定語從句由關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)。故填which。其次部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共14小題，每小題2分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。A(2022-2023平谷區(qū))Enjoythefamily-friendlyadventureatDinoParkinMyrtleBeach!Thisexcitingmuseumgivesgueststhechancetocomeface-to-facewithlife-sizeddinos!Thesebeastshaveavasthistorythatwillsparkimaginationandallowvisitorsofallagestoenjoyeducationalfun.Duringyourself-guidedadventurethroughDinoPark,youwillbetreatedtoup-closeviewsatdazzlinganimatronics(電子動畫)ofyourfavoritescalydinosaurs.Therearemorethan20life-sizeddinosaurstodiscover.Alongtheway,youwillbeabletolearnaboutsomeawesomedinofactsandgetyourfillofprehistoricfun!Additionally,visitorswillbeabletoenjoyCGIfootagethatgivesaglimpseintothelivesofthedinos.Itistheperfectwaytolearnallaboutthedinosaursthroughinterestingfactsandhands-onactivities.Throughoutthemuseumarevariousfactsaboutthedinosaursdisplayedoninformativeandcolorfulposters.DinoParkactivitiesDinoExplorePit:ThekidswillhaveablastdivingintotheDinoExplorePit!Thisballpitfeatures100,000ballsofferingtonsofroomtobouncearound.Itisafunattractionforallagestoenjoy.DigaDinoFossil:Becomeareal-lifearchaeologistasyouputyourdiggingskillstothetest!Lookoutforsomeawesomefossilsasyousearchforthenextgreatestdinosaurdiscovery.RideaTyrannosaurus:Thisfunanimatronicrideisperfectforkidswhowanttoexperiencesomethrillingfun!Climbaboardforanaction-packedridethatyouwon’tsoonforget.PlayArea:Kidswillenjoyburningoffsomeextraenergyattheplaygroundarea.Theplaygroundfeaturesdino-themedpuzzlefloors,brightpicturesonthewalls,andplayequipmentfeaturingaslideanddinosaurstheycanclimbon.So,whetheryouarealongtimedinosaurloverorwanttobringthekidstoseesomemovingdinoparkexhibits,youaresuretohaveagreattimehere!21.AtDinoPark,visitors________.A.canfeelthejoyofprehistorictimesB.willbetaughtanimatronicsfacetofaceC.willbeabletofindtheperfectwaytoseeCGIfilmD.canparticipateinhands-onpostermakingactivities22.Whichofthefollowingwillremainfreshinthemindsofkids?A.DinoExplorePit. B.DigaDinoFossil.C.RideaTyrannosaurus. D.PlayArea.23.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Tointroduceavarietyoflife-sizeddinosaurs.B.Torecommendamuseumwitheducationalfun.C.TocomparethedifferentactivitiesattheDinoPark.D.Toprovidearchaeologistswithsomecluesaboutdinosaurs.【答案】21.A22.C23.B【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章對默特爾海灘的迪諾公園進行了介紹。21細節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段最終一句“Alongtheway,youwillbeabletolearnaboutsomeawesomedinofactsandgetyourfillofprehistoricfun!(在此過程中，您將能夠了解一些令人敬畏的恐龍事實，并獲得史前樂趣！)”可知，在Dino公園，游客可以感受到史前時代的歡快。故選A。22細節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第六段RideaTyrannosaurus最終一句“Climbaboardforanaction-packedridethatyouwon’tsoonforget.(登上這趟驚險刺激的旅程，你不會很快遺忘。)”可知，“騎暴龍”會讓孩子們記憶猶新。故選C。23推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段“Enjoythefamily-friendlyadventureatDinoParkinMyrtleBeach!Thisexcitingmuseumgivesgueststhechancetocomeface-to-facewithlife-sizeddinos!Thesebeastshaveavasthistorythatwillsparkimaginationandallowvisitorsofallagestoenjoyeducationalfun.(在默特爾海灘的迪諾公園享受適合家庭的冒險吧！這個令人興奮的博物館讓游客有機會與真人大小的恐龍面對面！這些動物有著豐富的歷史，將激發(fā)想象力，讓全部年齡段的游客都能享受教育的樂趣。)”可知，這篇文章的目的是推舉一個具有教育意義的博物館。故選B。B（2022·北京·人大附中?？既＃㊣sthereamagiccutoffperiodwhenchildrenbecomeresponsiblefortheirownactions?Isthereawonderfulmomentwhenparentscanbecomespectatorsinthelivesoftheirchildrenandshrug,“It’stheirlife,”andfeelnothing?WhenIwasinmytwenties,Istoodinahospitalpassagewaitingfordoctorstoputafewstitches(縫線)inmyson’shead.Iasked,“Whendoyoustopworry?”Thenursesaid,“Whentheygetoutoftheaccidentstage.”Mymotherjustsmiledfaintlyandsaidnothing.WhenIwasinmythirties,Isatonalittlechairinaclassroomandheardhowoneofmychildrentalkedcontinuallyanddisruptedtheclass.Asiftoreadmymind,ateachersaid.“Don’tworry,theyallgothroughthisstageandthenyoucansitback,relaxandenjoythem.”Mymotherjustsmiledfaintlyandsaidnothing.WhenIwasinmyforties,Ispentalifetimewaitingforthephonetoring,thecarstocomehome,thefrontdoortoopen.Afriendsaid,“They’retryingtofindthemselves.Don’tworry,inafewyears,youcanstopworrying.They’lladults.”Mymotherjustsmiledfaintlyandsaidnothing.BythetimeIwas50,Iwassickandtiredofbeingweak.Iwasstillworryingovermychildren,buttherewasanewwrinkle,therewasnothingIcoulddoaboutit.Mymotherjustsmiledfaintlyandsaidnothing.Icontinuedtosufferfromtheirfailures,andbeabsorbedintheirdisappointments.Myfriendssaidthatwhenmykidsgotmarried,Icouldstopworryingandleadmyownlife.Iwantedtobelievethat,butIwashauntedbymymother’swarmsmileandheroccasional“Youlookpale.Areyouallright?Callmetheminuteyougethome.Areyoudepressedaboutsomething?”Canitbethatparentsaresentencedtoalifetimeofworry?Oneofmychildrentelephonedmelastmonth,saying,“Wherewereyou?I’vebeencallingforthreedays,andnooneanswered.Iwasworried.”Ismiledawarmsmile.24．Theauthorintendstotellusinthepassagethat________.A．parentslongforaperiodwhentheynolongerworryabouttheirchildrenB．thereisnotimewhenparentshavenoworryabouttheirchildrenC．it’sparents’dutytoworryabouttheirchildrenD．parentsdon’thavetoworrytheirchildren25．Theauthormentionedheragesoftwenties,thirties,fortiesandfiftyinordertoshow________.A．thehardtimessheexperiencedinherlifeB．thedifferentstagesofherchildrenC．shehadbeenworryingaboutherchildreninherlifeD．thesupportshereceivedfromhermother26．Whatcanweinferfromthelastsentence“Ismiledawarmsmile”?A．Finallythemotherdidn’thavetoworryaboutherchildren.B．Themotherwaspleasedthatherchildbegantoworryabouther,too.C．Atlastthemothercouldliveherownlifewithoutworry.D．Themotherfeltsatisfiedthatshehadsucceededinturningherchildrenintoadults.【答案】24．B

25．C

26．B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。以一名家長的視角闡述了一個道理：只要是家長都會關(guān)懷和擔(dān)憂自己的孩子。24．推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章開頭“Isthereamagiccutoffperiodwhenchildrenbecomeresponsiblefortheirownactions?”(有沒有一個奇特的截止期，讓孩子們對自己的行為負(fù)責(zé)？)以及依據(jù)其次段中的“WhenIwasinmytwenties,Istoodinahospitalpassagewaitingfordoctorstoputafewstitchesinmyson’shead.”(當(dāng)我二十歲的時候，我站在醫(yī)院的通道里，等著醫(yī)生給我兒子的頭上縫幾針。)；和第三段中“WhenIwasinmythirties,Isatonalittlechairinaclassroomandheardhowoneofmychildrentalkedcontinuallyanddisruptedtheclass.”(30多歲的時候，我坐在教室的一把小椅子上，聽到我的一個孩子不停地說話，擾亂了課堂。)；以及第四段中“WhenIwasinmyforties,Ispentalifetimewaitingforthephonetoring,thecarstocomehome,thefrontdoortoopen.”(在我四十多歲的時候，我花了一輩子的時間等著電話鈴響，等著車開回家，等著前門打開。)依據(jù)第五段“BythetimeIwas50,Iwassickandtiredofbeingweak.Iwasstillworryingovermychildren”（到我50歲的時候，我生病了，身體虛弱。我還在擔(dān)憂我的孩子們）可知，作者身為家長，在每個年齡段都會對孩子時時牽掛。故選B。25．推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中的“WhenIwasinmytwenties,Istoodinahospitalpassagewaitingfordoctorstoputafewstitchesinmyson’shead.”(當(dāng)我二十歲的時候，我站在醫(yī)院的通道里，等著醫(yī)生給我兒子的頭上縫幾針。)；和第三段中“WhenIwasinmythirties,Isatonalittlechairinaclassroomandheardhowoneofmychildrentalkedcontinuallyanddisruptedtheclass.”(30多歲的時候，我坐在教室的一把小椅子上，聽到我的一個孩子不停地說話，擾亂了課堂。)；以及第四段中“WhenIwasinmyforties,Ispentalifetimewaitingforthephonetoring,thecarstocomehome,thefrontdoortoopen.”(在我四十多歲的時候，我花了一輩子的時間等著電話鈴響，等著車開回家，等著前門打開。)，依據(jù)第五段“BythetimeIwas50,Iwassickandtiredofbeingweak.Iwasstillworryingovermychildren”（到我50歲的時候，我生病了，身體虛弱。我還在擔(dān)憂我的孩子們）可知作者在提及各個年齡階段，是為了說明無論孩子年齡多大，任何家長對子女的擔(dān)憂和關(guān)懷都是始終如一的。C項與此符合，也與本文的主旨：每個家長都會關(guān)懷和擔(dān)憂自己的孩子，相符。故選C。26．推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段“Oneofmychildrentelephonedmelastmonth,saying,Wherewereyou?I’vebeencallingforthreedays,andnooneanswered.Iwasworried.”(上個月，我的一個孩子打電話問我：“你在哪里？”我打了三天電話，沒人接，我是很擔(dān)憂的。)可知，作者的孩子開頭關(guān)懷和擔(dān)憂作者了，作者覺到孩子們懂事了長大了，因此很快活。故選B。C（2022·北京·北京市十一學(xué)校?？既＃癉oesmysmilelookbiginthis?”Futurefitting-roommirrorsinclothingstorescouldsubtlyadjustyourreflectiontomakeyoulook—andhencefeel—happier,encouragingyoutolikewhatyousee.That’stheideabehindtheEmotionEvokingSystemdevelopedbyShigeoYoshidaandcolleaguesattheUniversityofTokyoinJapan.Thesystemcanmanipulate,orinotherwords,controlyouremotionsandpersonalpreferencesbypresentingyouwithanimageofyourownsmilingorfrowningface.Theprinciplethatphysiologicalchangescandriveemotionalones—thatlaughtercomesbeforehappiness,ratherthantheotherwayaround—isawell-establishedidea.Theresearcherswantedtoseeifthisideacouldbeusedtobuildacomputersystemthatmanipulateshowyoufeel.Thesystemworksbypresentingtheuserwithaweb-cameraimageofhisorherface—asiftheywerelookinginamirror.Theimageisthensubtlyalteredwithsoftware,turningthecornersofthemouthupordownandchangingtheareaaroundtheeyes,sothatthepersonappearstosmileorfrown.Withouttellingthemtheaimofthestudy,theteamrecruited21volunteersandaskedthemtositinfrontofthescreenwhileperforminganunrelatedtask.Whenthetaskwascomplete,theparticipantsratedhowtheyfelt.Whenthefacesonscreenappearedtosmile,peoplereportedthattheyfelthappier.Ontheotherhand,whentheimagewasgivenasadexpression,theyreportedfeelinglesshappy.Yoshidaandhiscolleaguestestedwhethermanipulatingthevolunteers’emotionalstatewouldinfluencetheirpreferences.Eachpersonwasgivenascarftowearandagainpresentedwiththealteredwebcamimage.Thevolunteersthatsawthemselvessmilingwhilewearingthescarfweremorelikelytoreportthattheylikedit,andthosethatsawthemselvesnotsmilingwerelesslikely.Thesystemcouldbeusedtomanipulateconsumers’impressionsofproducts,saidtheresearchers.Forexample,mirrorsinclothing-storefittingroomscouldbereplacedwithscreensshowingalteredreflections.Theyalsosuggestpeoplemaybemorelikelytofindclothesattractiveiftheyseethemselveslookinghappywhiletryingthemon.“It’scertainlyaninterestingarea,”saysChrisCreedattheUniversityofBirmingham,UK.Buthenotesthatusingsuchtechnologyinashopwouldbeharderthaninthelab,becausepeoplewilluseawiderangeofexpressions.“Attemptingtomakeslightdifferencestotheseandensuringthatthereflectedimagelooksbelievablewouldbemuchmorechallenging,”hesays.Ofcourse,therearealsoimportantmoralquestionssurroundingsuchsubtlymanipulativetechnology.“Youcouldarguethatifitmakespeoplehappy,whatharmisitdoing?”saysCreed.“ButIcanimaginethatmanypeoplemayfeelmanipulated,uncomfortableandcheatediftheyfoundout.”27．What’sthemainpurposeoftheEmotionEvokingSystem?A．Toseewhetherlaughtercomesbeforehappiness.B．Toseewhetherone’sfacialexpressionscanbealtered.C．Toseewhetherone’sfeelingcanbeunconsciouslyaffected.D．Toreplacethemirrorsinfutureclothing-storefittingrooms.28．Whatcanwelearnabouttheweb-cameraimageinthestudy?A．Itgavethevolunteersafalseimage.B．Itattemptedtomakethevolunteersfeelhappier.C．Itrecordedthevolunteers’performanceinthetask.D．Itbeautifiedthevolunteers’appearanceinthemirror.29．WhatdoesCreedmentionasalimitationofthetechnology?A．Itonlyworksinclothingstores.B．Itonlymakessubtlechangestopeople’sexpressions.C．Itonlychangestheareasaroundthemouthandtheeyes.D．Itonlydealswithalimitednumberoffacialexpressions.30．WhatdoesCreed’scommentonthemoralissueswiththistechnologyimply?A．Nothingismoreimportantthanhappiness.B．Technologyisunabletomanipulatepeople.C．Peopleshouldneglecttheharmofthetechnology.D．Peopleshouldhavetherighttomakedecisionsindependently.【答案】27．C

28．A

29．D

30．D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。作者通過這篇文章向我們介紹了將來服裝店里的試衣間的鏡子可以奇妙的調(diào)整你的影像，讓你看上去很秀麗并且感覺到很快活，從而使你寵愛上你看到的東西，這就是日本東京高校的繁熊吉田和同事開發(fā)的心情系統(tǒng)背后的理念，這個系統(tǒng)能通過呈現(xiàn)給你一個你自己的笑臉或者哭臉來把握你的心情以及個人偏好。27．推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段的“Thesystemcanmanipulate,orinotherwords,controlyouremotionsandpersonalpreferencesbypresentingyouwithanimageofyourownsmilingorfrowningface.(該系統(tǒng)可以操縱，或者換句話說，通過呈現(xiàn)你自己的微笑或皺眉的臉的形象來把握你的心情和個人偏好)”依據(jù)第五段“Whenthefacesonscreenappearedtosmile,peoplereportedthattheyfelthappier.Ontheotherhand,whentheimagewasgivenasadexpression,theyreportedfeelinglesshappy.”（當(dāng)屏幕上的面孔消滅微笑時，人們報告說他們感到更歡快。另一方面，當(dāng)圖片上有哀痛的表情時，他們報告說感覺不那么歡快。）可知，該系統(tǒng)的主要目的是為了觀看一個人的感覺是否可以不自覺地受到影響。故選C。28．推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段的“Thesystemworksbypresentingtheuserwithaweb-cameraimageofhisorherfaceasiftheywerelookinginamirror.Theimageisthensubtlyalteredwith-software,turningthecornersofthemouthupordownandchangingtheareaaroundtheeyes,sothatthepersonappearstosmileorfrown.(該系統(tǒng)的工作原理是向用戶呈現(xiàn)他或她的臉的網(wǎng)絡(luò)攝像頭圖像，就像他們在照鏡子一樣。然后用軟件奇妙地轉(zhuǎn)變圖像，上下轉(zhuǎn)動嘴角，轉(zhuǎn)變眼睛四周的區(qū)域，讓人看起來像是微笑或皺眉。)”可知，網(wǎng)絡(luò)攝像頭的圖像要讓志愿者感覺他們在照鏡子，即讓他們信任看到的圖像，而這個圖像是被修改了的。由此可見在爭辯中，我們了解到的web-camera圖像只是一種假象。故選A。29．推理推斷題。依據(jù)第八段其次句“Buthenotesthatusingsuchtechnologyinashopwouldbeharderthaninthelab,becausepeoplewilluseawiderangeofexpressions.(但他指出，在商店里使用這種技術(shù)會比在試驗室里更難，由于人們會使用廣泛的表達方式)”可知克里德提出在商店很難接受這項技術(shù)，緣由在于人們的表情太過于豐富，由此可見這項技術(shù)的局限性是只能處理相對簡潔的有限的面部表情。故選D。30．推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段的“‘Youcouldarguethatifitmakespeoplehappy,whatharmisitdoing?’saysCreed.‘ButIcanimaginethatmanypeoplemayfeelmanipulateduncomfortableandcheatediftheyfoundout.’(克里德說，“你可以說，假如它能讓人們歡快，那它又有什么害處呢？但我可以想象，假如很多人弄清楚了，他們可能會感到被操縱、不舒適和被哄騙。”)”可知克里德提出這項技術(shù)雖然可以讓人歡快，但假如被發(fā)覺了，也可以讓人產(chǎn)生被操控感，擔(dān)憂和被哄騙感。因此可知Creeds對這種技術(shù)的道德問題的評價示意著人們應(yīng)當(dāng)獨立做打算。故選D。D(2023房山區(qū))Haveyoueverseenakidinclasswhowouldn’tvolunteertoreadoransweraquestion?Iwasthattypeofstudent.Talkinginclasswasastruggleformebecausethefearofsayingthewrongthingwasalwaysonmymind.Therewereconstantannouncementsaboutstudentsinourclasswinningwritingawards.Itwasadreamforme.Ihavealwaysfeltunsureofmyselfwhenwriting.SemicolonsconfusedmeandIusedtoomanycommas.Ihadnoideahowtociteanything.Duringmyfreshmanyear,theteacherwouldpickthebestessayinourclasstobereadoutloud,butminewasneverchosen.Ifounditreallyhardtowriteanessay.OneteacherMr.Wilson,whotaughtmethenextsemester,changedeverything.Hewasinhisfiftiesandhadareputationforhavingaparticularteachingstyle.Heconnectedwritingandreadingtofootball,butsomehowitmadesense.Whatreallymadehimspecialtomewasthateveryclasshewouldpicksomeonetoreadtheirwritingoutloudtotheclass.Inoneofhislessons,hesaid:“IwillnotalwayspicktheessaythatIthinkhasthebestgrammaroruseofvocabulary.IwillpicktheonethatIthinkhasthemostcharacter.”Thispartwasconfusingtomebecausehowcanwritinghavecharacter?Hewentontoexplain:“IwanttoreadsomethingthatIcantellthewriterfeelalotwhilewritingit.Iwanttofeeltheemotionsyouweregoingthroughasyouwroteit.”Afewweekslater,forthefirsttime,myessaywaschosentobereadtomyclassmates.Ican’tevenrememberwhatitwasabout,butIrememberhownervousIwastoseehisreaction,mixedwithprideatthefactthathefeltlikemyworkwasworthsharing.Hegavemehiscommentsattheendofit,butIwastoonervoustorememberthem.Afterclass,hetoldmehewasexcitedtoreadmoreofmywork.Hemademefeelspecialinthewayheledtheclass,andIgotovermyfearofsharingmyworkinclass.Hemademebelieveinmywritingabilitiesandgavemetheconfidencetocontinuewriting.31.Talkinginclassusedtobedifficultfortheauthorbecause__________.A.hehadneverwonanyawardsforspeaking B.hedidn’tknowhowtoanswerquestionsC.hehadnoideahowtociteanything D.hewasafraidofmakingmistakes32.Accordingtotheauthor,whatmadeMr.Wilsondifferentfromotherteachers?A.Hisstyleofteaching. B.Hisloveforstudents.C.Hisinterestinwriting. D.Hispassionforfootball.33.Fromthepassage,wecanknowthat__________.A.Mr.WilsonpreferredessayswithgooduseofvocabularyB.theauthorrememberedMr.Wilson’scommentsverywellC.Mr.Wilsonthoughttheauthor’spassagewasfullofemotionsD.theauthorbelievedthathisessaywasworthsharingintheclass34.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeMr.Wilson?A.Kindandambitious. B.Honestandconfident.C.Creativeandinspiring. D.Reliableandgenerous.【答案】31.D32.A33.C34.C【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要敘述了威爾遜先生特殊的教學(xué)方式對作者的樂觀影響，他讓作者覺得自己很特殊，也克服了在課堂上共享的恐驚。31細節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段“Talkinginclasswasastruggleformebecausethefearofsayingthewrongthingwasalwaysonmymind.(在課堂上講話對我來說是一場斗爭，由于我總是擔(dān)憂說錯話)”可知，在課堂上說話對作者來說曾經(jīng)是困難的，由于他可怕犯錯。故選D。32細節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段“Hewasinhisfiftiesandhadareputationforhavingaparticularteachingstyle.Heconnectedwritingandreadingtofootball,butsomehowitmadesense.(他五十多歲，以其獨特的教學(xué)風(fēng)格而有名。他把寫作和閱讀與足球聯(lián)系在一起，但不知何故，這是有道理的)”和最終一段“Hemademefeelspecialinthewayheledtheclass,andIgotovermyfearofsharingmyworkinclass.(他帶領(lǐng)課堂的方式讓我感到特殊，我克服了在課堂上共享作業(yè)的恐驚)”可知，依據(jù)作者的觀點，威爾遜先生與其他老師的不同之處是他的教學(xué)風(fēng)格。故選A。33細節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“IwanttoreadsomethingthatIcantellthewriterfeelalotwhilewritingit.Iwanttofeeltheemotionsyouweregoingthroughasyouwroteit.(我想讀一些我能告知作者在寫作時感受很多的東西。我想感受你寫這文章時的感情)”以及倒數(shù)其次段“Afewweekslater,forthefirsttime,myessaywaschosentobereadtomyclassmates.(幾個星期后，我的文章第一次被選上讀給同學(xué)們聽)”可知，威爾遜先生認(rèn)為作者的文章布滿了感情。故選C。34推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段“Hewasinhisfiftiesandhadareputationforhavingaparticularteachingstyle.Heconnectedwritingandreadingtofootball,butsomehowitmadesense.(他五十多歲，以其獨特的教學(xué)風(fēng)格而有名。他把寫作和閱讀與足球聯(lián)系在一起，但不知何故，這是有道理的)”以及最終一段“Hemademefeelspecialinthewayheledtheclass,andIgotovermyfearofsharingmyworkinclass.Hemademebelieveinmywritingabilitiesandgavemetheconfidencetocontinuewriting.(他帶領(lǐng)班級的方式讓我覺得自己很特殊，我也克服了在課堂上共享我的工作的恐驚。他讓我信任自己的寫作力量，給了我連續(xù)寫作的信念)”可推知，威爾遜先生有制造力和鼓舞人心的人。故選C。其次節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有項為多余選項?！癑ustthinkpositively!”“Itcouldbeworse.”“Youshouldlookatthebrightside!”We’veallheard(andmaybeused)thesephraseswithoutmuchthought.Buttheycouldbecontributingtoacultureoftoxic(有毒的)positivity.Forthosenewtothisterm,itmightsoundlikeanoxymoron(沖突修辭法).Howcanpositivitybetoxic?Isn’titsupposedtobehelpful,or“positive”,asthenamesuggests?____35____“Toxicpositivityiswhensomebodyavoidsallnegativethoughtsorfeelings,pretendingeverythingisgoingwellwhenitisnot,”explainsMelissaDowd,atherapistatPlushCare,avirtualhealthplatformforprimarycareandmentalhealthservices.WhitneyGoodman,theauthorofToxicPositivitydescribestoxicpositivityasthe“endlesspressuretobehappyandpositive,nomatterwhatthecircumstancesare.”____36____It’salsosomethingwecancauseotherpeopletoexperience.Expressingtoxicpositivitytoothersmaylooklikeofferingthemasimplesolutiontoacomplicatedproblemthatweknownothingabout,ornotallowingpeoplearoundyoutoappropriatelyexpressnegativeemotions.Toxicpositivitycausesustosuppressouremotions,whichcanmakethemworse.____37____“Althoughitcanbehelpfultolookonthebrightsidewhenfacingchallenges,”Dowdsays,“notcopingwithnegativefeelingsinahealthywayinthemomentcanleadtothosefeelingsresurfacinglaterindifferentareasofyourlifeorasaformofanxiety.”____38____“IfIfeellikeyou’regoingtodismissme,I’mgoingtostopsharinghowI’mfeeling,”Goodmanadds.____39____Ifyou’reusingtoxicpositivityagainstyourself,Goodmansugge