Unit7Period3Grammar課件牛津譯林版英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)上冊(cè)

Unit7

SeasonsPeriod3GrammarWinteriscoming.GrammarVerbsandsentencestructuresThebasicpartsofasentencearethesubject(S),theverb(V)andtheobject(O).Usuallyastatementbeginswiththesubjectandtheverb.Wedivideverbsintothreekinds:intransitiveverbs(vi.),transitiveverbs(vt.)andlinkingverbs(linkingv.).Anintransitiveverbdoesnottakeanobject.Thesentencestructureislikethis:S+V→Thetemperaturedrops.Atransitiveverbtakesanobject.Theverbtellsuswhatthesubjectdoestosomethingelse(theobject).Thesentencestructureislikethis:S+V+O→Farmersharvestcrops.TIPThesubjectandobjectcanbeapronounoranounphrase.Alinkingverblinksthesubjectandtheadjectivephraseornounphrasethatdescribesit.TIPCommonlinkingverbsare:bebecomefeelgetgrowlookseemsmellsoundstaytasteturnAwordoragroupofwordsthatfollowsalinkingverbisthepredicative(P).Thesentencestructureislikethis:S+V+P→Autumnleavesturnbrown.A.Millieiswritingabouttheseasons.Helpherunderlinetheverbineachsentenceandwritedownthemainstructureofthesentence.1.Wehavefourseasons._______________2.Theyarequitedifferent._______________3.Springiswarmandsunny._______________4.Weflykites._______________haveS+V+OareS+V+PisS+V+PflyS+V+O5.Welikesummer._______________6.Icecreamtastesnice._______________7.Autumnarrives._______________8.Snowfalls._______________likeS+V+OtastesS+V+ParrivesS+VfallsS+VSometransitiveverbscantaketwoobjects,thedirectobject(DO)andtheindirectobject(IO).Thesentencestructureislikethis:S+V+IO+DO→HobobroughtEddiehisclothes.WecanchangethestructureS+V+IO+DOwithto.HobogaveEddiesomeicecream.HobogavesomeicecreamtoEddie.TIPVerbscanbeusedwithto:bringgivehandlendofferpasspaypostreadsellsendshowtaketeachtellwriteWecanchangethestructureS+V+IO+DOwithfor.HobobuiltEddieatent.HobobuiltatentforEddie.TIPVerbscanbeusedwithfor:bringbuildbuycookfindgetleavemakeorderpicksaveThecomplementcanalsofollowadirectobjecttorenameordescribeit.Inthiscase,itiscalledtheobjectcomplement(OC).Thesentencestructureislikethis:S+V+DO+OC→EddieiswatchingHobowork.Wecanaddanadverbialtoeachoftheabovefivemainstructures.Weuseanadverbialtoshowwhen(adverbialoftime),where(adverbialofplace)orhow(adverbialofmanner)anactionisdone.HobobuiltEddieatentwithsticksatthebeachyesterday.B.Amykeepsaweatherdiary.Readthesentencesfromherdiaryentriesanddescribethemainstructuresoftheunderlinedsentences.1.Itwasaperfectdaytoday.Therewasnotacloudinthesky.MumwasmakingbreakfastformewhenIwokeupthismorning.2.Thecloudsbecamedark.Theycoveredthesun.Luckily,itdidn’train.

S＋V＋P

S＋V＋O

S＋V3.ItwasNewYear’sDay.MumandDadgavemenicepresents,butIwasnothappy.Therainwasfallingfrommorningtillnight.

①

Ihaterainydays.4.Thesunwasshining.Isawsomekidskickingtheballinthepark.②

Icaughtabadcold.Ihadahighfeverandcoughedalot,soMumtookmetothehospital.③

Itwasanawfulday!④溫馨提示：此符號(hào)表示“考點(diǎn)精講點(diǎn)撥”鏈接。S＋V＋I(xiàn)O＋DO

S＋V＋P

S＋V＋OS＋V＋P

S＋V＋DO＋OC＋adverbialfrommorningtillnight從早到晚e.g.Heworksfrommorningtillnighteveryday.他每天從早到晚工作。Jimdidhishomeworktill10o’clockintheevening.吉姆做作業(yè)直到晚上十點(diǎn)?？键c(diǎn)1返回溫馨提示：可返回原文知識(shí)點(diǎn)1Therainwasfallingfrommorningtillnight.from...till...從……直到……kick/k?k/vt.踢(hitsb./sth.withyourfoot)e.g.Hekickedthedoorhard.他使勁地踢門。Hethrewmetothegroundandstartedtokick.他把我摔倒在地，開(kāi)始踢我。Hegavetheballahardkick.他使勁踢了一腳球?？键c(diǎn)2kick還可作不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“踢”。也可作名詞，意為“踢”。n.踢vi.踢知識(shí)點(diǎn)2Isawsomekidskickingtheballinthepark.kick還可作不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“踢”。也可作名詞，意為“踢”。返回fever/'fi?v?(r)/n.發(fā)燒(bodytemperatureishigherthanusual)e.g.IwanttoseeadoctorbecauseIhaveafever.我想去看醫(yī)生，因?yàn)槲野l(fā)燒了。MyuncleJimhadahighfever.我叔叔吉姆發(fā)高燒了。Let’shavealookattheTVguideandseewhat’son.咱們看看電視節(jié)目單上有什么節(jié)目?？键c(diǎn)3知識(shí)點(diǎn)3Ihadahighfeverandcoughedalot,soMumtookmetothehospital.常見(jiàn)的“have+a＋名詞”型短語(yǔ)havealook看一看haveatalk談一談haveatry試一試

havearest休息一下haveafever發(fā)燒haveahigh/lowfever發(fā)高/低燒cough/k?f/vi.&n.咳嗽e.g.Coveryourmouthwhenyoucough.你咳嗽時(shí)要捂住嘴。Youcoughalot.你咳嗽得厲害。Shegavealittlecoughtoattractmyattention.她輕輕地咳嗽了一聲以引起我的注意。Jason’sathomewithabadcough.賈森咳嗽得厲害,在家待著。考點(diǎn)4返回haveacough咳嗽n.咳嗽awful/'??fl/adj.

糟糕的，很壞的e.g.Theweatherwasawfullastsummer.去年夏季天氣真糟糕。Iamawfullysorrytowakeyouup.把你弄醒了，我感到非常抱歉。Icouldtellbythelookonherfacethatsomethingterriblehadhappened.從她的臉色我可以看出，發(fā)生了可怕的事情。考點(diǎn)5awfully作副詞，意為“非常，極其”。知識(shí)點(diǎn)4Itwasanawfulday!awful的詞形轉(zhuǎn)換awful可怕的

awfullyterrible極其，非?？膳碌模辉愀獾腶dv.近義詞返回考題：[武威、天水]—How’sthenewrestaurant—It’s_____.Wewaitedalongtimeforthefoodtoarrive.A.wonderful B.excitingC.difficult D.awfulD【點(diǎn)撥】用詞義辨析法。根據(jù)問(wèn)句句意“這家新飯店怎么樣？”以及答語(yǔ)的后句句意“我們等了很長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間食物才送到”，說(shuō)明答語(yǔ)的前句句意是“它很糟糕”。精彩的令人激動(dòng)的困難的糟糕的簡(jiǎn)單句的五種基本句型連系動(dòng)詞句型結(jié)構(gòu)S+V+P（主+系+表）①連系動(dòng)詞be動(dòng)詞感官動(dòng)詞：look，sound，smell，taste表示“變化”的動(dòng)詞：become，get，grow，turn行為動(dòng)詞不及物動(dòng)詞句型結(jié)構(gòu):

S+V（主+謂）②及物動(dòng)詞句型結(jié)構(gòu):S+V+O（主+謂+賓）③S+V+IO+DO（主+謂+間賓+直賓）④S+V+DO+OC（主+謂+直賓+賓補(bǔ)）⑤用于這個(gè)句型的動(dòng)詞是連系動(dòng)詞，表語(yǔ)用來(lái)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的身份、特征和狀態(tài)等。表語(yǔ)可以由名詞、形容詞、介詞短語(yǔ)等充當(dāng)。常見(jiàn)的連系動(dòng)詞有be（是），look（看上去），seem（似乎，好像），turn（變得），taste（嘗起來(lái)）等。e.g.Theparklooksverybeautiful.這個(gè)公園看上去很美?？键c(diǎn)1考題1：[內(nèi)江]Thefoodintherestaurantisdelicious._______A.表語(yǔ) B.賓語(yǔ)C.主語(yǔ) D.謂語(yǔ)A【點(diǎn)撥】用句子分析法。畫(huà)線部分形容詞位于be動(dòng)詞之后，充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)。返回用于這個(gè)句型的動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞，不及物動(dòng)詞本身意思很完整，不需要帶賓語(yǔ)。e.g.Thechildrenareplayinghappily.孩子們正玩得開(kāi)心?？键c(diǎn)2返回用于這個(gè)句型的動(dòng)詞是及物動(dòng)詞，及物動(dòng)詞的意思不完整，后面要帶賓語(yǔ)才能表達(dá)完整的意思。e.g.Ilikemusic.我喜歡音樂(lè)?？键c(diǎn)3考題2：[南京秦淮區(qū)二模]Whichofthefollowinghasadifferentsentencestructure_______A.Allthestudentslaughed.B.Peterisswimminginthepool.C.EddieiswatchingHobowork.D.Thetemperaturewilldropbelowzero.S+VS+VS+V+DO+OCS+VC返回用于這個(gè)句型的動(dòng)詞是及物動(dòng)詞，后面跟兩個(gè)（雙）賓語(yǔ)，一個(gè)指人（間接賓語(yǔ)），一個(gè)指物（直接賓語(yǔ)）。e.g.Mymotherboughtmeanewbookyesterday.=Mymotherboughtanewbookformeyesterday.昨天媽媽給我買了一本新書(shū)?？键c(diǎn)4特別提醒:通常情況下，間接賓語(yǔ)在前，直接賓語(yǔ)在后。如果直接賓語(yǔ)在前，需要在間接賓語(yǔ)前加上介詞to或for。由介詞to連接間接賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：give，lend，pass，show，send，teach等。由介詞for連接間接賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：buy，find，get，make，leave等。考題3：[宿遷沭陽(yáng)縣模擬]Choosethecorrectstructureofthissentence“HegaveLauraapresent.”_______A．S+V+O B.S+V+IO+DOC．S+V+P D.S+V+DO+OC【點(diǎn)撥】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知該句的主語(yǔ)為He，gave為及物動(dòng)詞在句中作謂語(yǔ)，Laura表示人在句中作間接賓語(yǔ)，apresent表示物在句中作直接賓語(yǔ)，故判斷該句的結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)，即S+V+IO+DO。B返回用于這個(gè)句型的動(dòng)詞是及物動(dòng)詞，其后的賓語(yǔ)可以跟賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)來(lái)表明賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)通常由形容詞、名詞性短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞的-ing形式、介詞短語(yǔ)或動(dòng)詞不定式等充當(dāng)?？键c(diǎn)5考題4：Thequietmusicmakesmerelax._______A.賓語(yǔ)B.狀語(yǔ)C.賓補(bǔ)D.定語(yǔ)【點(diǎn)撥】動(dòng)詞makes在句中充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)，me為賓語(yǔ)，而畫(huà)線動(dòng)詞relax用來(lái)拓展資料說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作，為賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。C(1)動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)通常分為以下三