河南省新鄉(xiāng)市2025屆高三英語第三次模擬考試試題含解析

PAGE25-河南省新鄉(xiāng)市2025屆高三英語第三次模擬考試試題（含解析）考生留意：1.本試卷共150分，考試時間120分鐘。2.請將各題答案填寫在答題卡上。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7。5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdoweknowabouttheweather?A.It’swarm.B.It’scoldC.It’scool.2.Whatdoesthemansayabouthiswife?A.ShelikeswatchingCCTV5.B.Sheisacold-heartedperson.C.SheoftenwatchesCCTV12programs.3.Whoisaskedtotaketheyoungestthere?A.Theman.B.Alice.C.Eric.4.WhendidLindaleavethere?A.Oneyearago.B.Halfayearago.C.Lastmonth.5.Howdoesthewomanprobablyfeel?A.Satisfied.B.Disappointed.C.Happy.其次節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Howmanytimeshasthemanmadedumplingsbefore?A.Once.B.Twice.C.Never.7.Whatdoesitneedtomakegooddumplingsaccordingtothewoman?A.Talent.B.Asecretrecipe.C.Practice.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.WhyisSammyanxious?A.Hewasbittenbyarabbit.B.Hewasattackedbyadog.C.Hewasbeatenbyastranger,9.Whattimewilltheman’sdinnerpartystart?A.At7:30p.m.B.At7:00p.m.C.At6:30p.m.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatmaythewomanworkasnow?A.Adesigner.B.Atypist.C.Asecretary.11.Whatdoesthewomandislikeaboutherpresentjob?A.Meetingnewpeople.B.Toomuchresponsibility.C.Thesameworkeveryday.12.Whatisthewomangoodat?A.Repairingphones.B.Workingwithnumbers.C.Sellingclothes.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.TheInternet,B.TheroutestoAmerica.C.ThesitesofLondononthetour.14.Whichattractiondoesthemanthinkhisparentswouldenjoy?A.Harrods,B.TheLondonEye.C.HydePark.15.Howlonginadvanceisrecommendedforbookingonline?A.1week.B.24hours,C.1month.16.Howwillthemanprobablybuythetickets?A.Byphone.B.Rightonthebus,C.Bybookingonline,聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whenisthedeadlineforentries?A.August31stB.October15th.C.November1st.18.Whatisthetopicofthisyear?A.TheFuture.B.Cities.C.TheWorld.19.Whatwillbegiventothecompetitors?A.Aposter.B.Acertificate.C.Aphoto.20.Whatistheprizefortheschoolwinner?A.PicturesofEngland.B.Booksfromawriter,C.Lessonswithanartist.其次部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AIfyouheartheword“Castle”ortheword“palace”，youmaypicturethesamekindofbuildingforboth：large，madeofstones，probablywithatower.And，ofcourse，you'renotentirelywrong，asthosearefeaturesofbothpalacesandcastles.SothenhaybothertovisitoneroyalbuildingintheUnitedKingdomBuckinghamPalaceandanotherthesamecountryWindsorCastle?Itturnsoutthereisadifference，andyoucanfinditprettyplainlyinthesetwopopularbuildings.TheCaseforCastlesCastleswereresidencesforroyalty.Buttheywerealsointendasdefensiveseats.Sayyou'reakingwhohastakenaparticularareaover.Nowyouhavetoholdit.castleandstaffitwithsoldierstodefendyourconqueredterritoryandensureitremainspartofyourkingdom.CastleswerebuiltthroughoutEuropeandtheMiddleEastprimarilyforprotectionofthekingandhispeople.Somecommonfeaturesofcastlesinclude：●thickwallsandheavygatestokeepinvadersout●protectivelowwallsforarcherstoshootwithcover●hightowersforkeepingalookoutoverthesurrounding●gatehousesforadmittingalliesinsteadofallowingenemiesintothecastleThePlaceforPalacesPalaces，onthecontrary，hadnodefensivepurposes.Theywerefirstmeantforshowingoffthegreatvictoryofthewar.Palaceswerewherethespoils(戰(zhàn)利品)ofwarmightbedisplayed,alongwithgrandarchitecture,massivebanquethalls,goldentablesettingsandmaybeevenhundredsofluxuriouslydecoratedrooms.Whilekingscertainlytookupresidenceinpalacesaswellascastles,nonmilitaryroyalsmightalsohavelivedin(orstilllivein)palaces.Ministerscouldliveincastlestoshowthepoweroftheirrichesratherthantheirnonexistentmilitarypower.ThetermcomesfromPalatineHillinRome.1.Whichoftheflowingisonefeatureofcastles?A.Lowtowerssurroundingcastles.B.Defensivelowwallsforshooting.C.Gatehousesallowingenemiesintothecastle.D.Thickwallsandheavygatestolockinvadersin.2.Whywerepalacesfirstbuilt?A.Toaccommodateordinarysoldiers.B.Todefendtheking'sconqueredterritory.C.Toshowofftheartofroyalpainting,D.Todisplayhugesuccessofthewar.3.Whatisthemainpurposeofthenext?A.Tolistthereasonsforkingslivinginpalaces.B.Tomakeacomparisonbetweencastlesandpalaces.C.TotalkaboutThevalueofcastlesinmoderntimes.D.Toshowpalacesaremorepopularthancastles.【答案】1.B2.D3.B【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要通過對比介紹了城堡和宮殿的不同。【1題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)TheCaseforCastles部分中的“protectivelowwallsforarcherstoshootwithcover”可知，用于射擊的防衛(wèi)性低墻是城堡的特征之一。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)ThePlaceforPalaces部分中的“Theywerefirstmeantforshowingoffthegreatvictoryofthewar.”可知，宮殿最初被建是為了炫耀斗爭的宏大成功。故選D?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。本文在其次段“Itturnsoutthereisadifference,andyoucanfinditprettyplainlyinthesetwopopularbuildings.”就說明白城堡和宮殿是有區(qū)分的。然后分別用兩部分TheCaseforCastles和ThePlaceforPalaces具體地介紹了城堡和宮殿的特點。所以可知，本段的寫作目的就是為了對城堡和宮殿做一個對比。故選B。BAliceisasenioratSunsetHighSchool(SHS)inAmerica.Thekidsinherschoolarelookingforwardtoseniorgraduationandsummervacation.Andtheystilldesiretoliveasignificantlife:doingsomethingworthwhileandmakingadifference.Alice,seniorclasspresident,decidestotakeactionbyorganizingafooddrive.Shealsodecidestoreachouttothecommunityintheneighborhoodforsupport.Shewrote,“Hi!MynameisAliceandI'masenioratSunset!TheSHSstudentgovernmentishostingadriveandcollectingthecannedandboxedfoodforneedyfamilies.Iknowmanystudentsintheslum(貧民窟)arenotabletoaccessregularmealswithoutschool.One-hundredpercentofeverythingdonatedwillgotofamiliesinneed.Soitwouldbeamazingifanybodycoulddonateanyextrafoodandlayitaroundthehouse.Iwouldbesohappytocomebyandpickupanyextrafoodthatanyonehasandjustletmeknow!”Sofar,thecommunityhasmadesome400donations,andAlicehaspickedupeachone.They'releftinbrownpaperbagsaroundtheirhouses,andshehandlesthemwiththelatestgloves.It'sallpackagedfood,andthepackagingiscleanedwithdisinfectedwipes.Alongwiththerestofthestudentunion,whichbrainstormedtheidealastweek,Aliceissettingupdistributioncenterstodispensethefoodinthecitysofamiliescangetwhattheyneed.“Inthecommunity,I'veseensomanypeopleofferingtheirhelp,andI'vepickedupsomanydonationsfromcommunityresidents,”Alicesaid.It'snicetoseepeoplesupportingeachother.Ithinkit'sreallygoodhatwe'rebelongmorecautious,especiallywithinthecommunity,Alicesays.Everyindividualisawareofhowtotakecareofthemselves,theirfamilyandothersthem.Theyjoinhandsmakeabigdifferenceindeed.Witheveryone'sefforts,thedonationworkgoesoneasilyandsmoothlyandmanypoorfamilieshasgothelp.4.WhatdoweknowaboutthestudentsatSHSinthetext?A.They'reeagerforameaningfullife. B.They'vehelpedtobuildacommunity.C.They'vegraduatedfromseniorhighschool. D.They'reforcedtodosomethingworthwhile.5.WhydidAliceorganizethefooddrive?A.Togaingreaterpopularity. B.Togetfoodforfamiliesinneed.C.TosetuptheSHSstudentunion. D.Todonatefoodtothestudentsinherschool.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dispense”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Recycle. B.Handout.C.Gain. D.Chewup.7.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthelastparagraph?A.Eastorwest,homeisbest. B.it'sgoodtolearn此anotherman'scost.C.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords. D.Manyhandsmakeworklight.【答案】4.A5.B6.B7.D【解析】這是一篇記敘文。本文主要講解并描述的是大四學(xué)生Alice為了幫助貧困家庭吃到更好的食物，組織社區(qū)的人為他們捐贈食物的故事?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中Thekidsinherschoolarelookingforwardtoseniorgraduationandsummervacation.Andtheystilldesiretoliveasignificantlife:doingsomethingworthwhileandmakingadifference.可知她學(xué)校的孩子們都在盼望中學(xué)畢業(yè)和暑假。他們?nèi)耘f渴望過一種有意義的生活:做一些有價值的事情，做出變更。由此可知，SHS的學(xué)生渴望有意義的生活。故選A?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段中One-hundredpercentofeverythingdonatedwillgotofamiliesinneed.可知全部捐贈的東西都會捐給有須要的家庭。由此可推知，Alice為有須要的家庭供應(yīng)食物而組織了食品運動。故選B?！?題詳解】詞義揣測題。依據(jù)上文Alongwiththerestofthestudentunion,whichbrainstormedtheidealastweek,Aliceissettingupdistributioncentersto可知上周對這個想法進行了頭腦風(fēng)暴的學(xué)生會的其他成員，Alice正在建立配送中心，在城里分發(fā)食物，這樣每個家庭都能得到他們須要的東西。結(jié)合上文中distribution表示“安排”，由此可知，劃線單詞意思為“分發(fā)”。A.Recycle.回收利用；B.Handout.分發(fā)；C.Gain.獲得；D.Chewup.嚼碎。故選B?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中Witheveryone'sefforts,thedonationworkgoesoneasilyandsmoothlyandmanypoorfamilieshasgothelp.可知在大家的努力下，捐款工作進展順當(dāng)，很多貧困家庭得到了幫助。由此可推知，最終一段表達(dá)了“眾人拾柴火焰高（Manyhandsmakeworklight.）”的道理。故選D。COnthelastMondayinMay,peopleintheUnitedStatescelebrateMemorialDay.ThisfederalholidayhonorsmembersoftheAmericanmilitarywhodiedatwar.Schoolsandgovernmentofficesclose.MostpeopleintheUShavethisdayofffromwork.PeoplecelebrateMemorialDaywithoutdoorparades.MostAmericansconsideritthestartofsummerthoughtheseasonreallybeginsinJune.Withsomanypeopleoffwork,MemorialDayhasalsobecomeapopularshoppingday.However,onmostoccasionsMemorialDayisaseriousandevensorrowfulholiday.Thosewhohavelostfamilymembersatwarvisitburialsitestodecoratethegraves.Theyplaceflowers,wreathsandUSflagsonthegraves.MemorialDaycomesfromatraditionthatbeganaftertheUSCivilWarcalledDecorationDay.TheCivilWarwasaverydarktimeintheUShistory.Historianshavelongthoughtthatabout620,000soldiersdiedinthefighting.However,newresearchsuggeststhatthedeadnumberedabout750,000.In1868,about5,000peoplegatheredatArlingtonNationalCemeteryontheedgeofWashington,D.C.Theydecoratedmorethan10,000gravesofUnionandConfederatesoldiers.TheycalleditDecorationDay.boneThetraditionspreadtootherareasofthecountry.In1873,NewYorkStatecalleditMemorialDayandwasthefirsttomakeitalegal-holiday.OtherStatesallowed,butnotall.Somesouthernstateshad(and-stillhave)separatecelebrationsthathonoronlydeadConfederatesoldiers.AfterWorldWarIendedin1918,MemorialDaybecameadaytohonorallAmericansoldierskilledatwar.In1971,CongresspassedalawmakingitanofficialfederalholidayalloverAmerica.8.What'sthepurposeofMemorialDayinAmerica?A.Tomarkthestartofsummer. B.Toletpeopleenjoythemselves.C.Toshowrespecttodeadsoldiers. D.Tosetaholidaytoencouragesoldiers.9.What'stheatmosphereofAmericanMemorialDaylikeonmostoccasions?ASad. B.Casual.C.Pleasant. D.Relaxing.10.WhendidMemorialCasual,becomealegalholidaythroughouttheUS?A.In1971. B.In1873.C.In1918. D.In1868.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.CelebrationActivitiesofMemorialDayintheUSB.TheProspectofAmericanMemorialDayC.MembersHonoredonAmericanMemorialDayD.TheEvolutiononMemorialDayintheUS【答案】8.C9.A10.A11.D【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了美國陣亡將士紀(jì)念日的歷史演化過程?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中ThisfederalholidayhonorsmembersoftheAmericanmilitarywhodiedatwar.可知，這個聯(lián)邦節(jié)日是為了紀(jì)念在斗爭中犧牲的美國軍人。由此可知，美國陣亡將士紀(jì)念日的目的是表示對死去的士兵的敬重。故選C。【9題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中However,onmostoccasionsMemorialDayisaseriousandevensorrowfulholiday.可知，然而，在大多數(shù)狀況下，陣亡將士紀(jì)念日是一個肅穆甚至哀痛的節(jié)日。由此可知，美國陣亡將士紀(jì)念日的氣氛是哀痛的。故選A?！?0題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段中In1971,CongresspassedalawmakingitanofficialfederalholidayalloverAmerica.可知，1971年，國會通過了一項法律，將美國陣亡將士紀(jì)念日定為全美的官方節(jié)日。由此可知，美國陣亡將士紀(jì)念日是在1971年成為美國的法定假日的。故選A。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)第三段中MemorialDaycomesfromatraditionthatbeganaftertheUSCivilWarcalledDecorationDay.可知，陣亡將士紀(jì)念日起源于美國內(nèi)戰(zhàn)后的一個傳統(tǒng)，稱為“裝飾日”。結(jié)合文章主要介紹了美國陣亡將士紀(jì)念日的歷史演化過程。由此可知，D選項“美國陣亡將士紀(jì)念日的演化”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選D。DTheotherday,Iboughtanexpensiveanti-agingcreamthatpromisedtomakemyfacelookseveralyearsyoungerthatotherwomenbyfightingfreeradicals.Itmademecuriousaboutwhatfreeradicalsares.Istheanti-agingcreamtheonlywayIneedtoprotectmyself?“Asascientifictermfreeradicalsareessentiallyunstableatoms,“saysArizona-baseddoctor,NatashaBhuyan,M.D.“Inmedicine,theycausecellstobreakdownovertimeandarelinkedtoaging.”Asupersimplechemistryreviewforyou:Atomsfromdifferentelementsarethebuildingblocksthatmakeupwater,nitrogenandmore.Electrons(電子)arethenegativelychargedatoms,andtheyliketobeinpairs.Whenanelectronlosesitspartner,itcreatesafreeradical,whichisusuallyunstableandhighlyreactive.Freeradicalstypicallygothroughthebodytoseekoutareplacementfortheirmissingelectron,andthatcanresultindamagetocells,proteinsandDNA.Sohowdofreeradicalsformandwhydotheyhappen?Bhuyansays,“Scientifically,freeradicalsareunpairedelectronsthatareseekingamatetobondwith.Thetheorybehindfreeradicalsisthattheycanleadtotheimbalancebetweenfreeradicalsandantioxidants(抗氧化劑).”Anothermini-sciencelessonforyou:Antioxidantsarenaturalormanmademattersthatcanhelpdelayorpreventsometypesofcelldamage.They’reoftenfoundinfruitsandvegetables.Alotoftheaspectsofmodernlife—ourdiet,lifestyleandenvironmentalfactorslikepollution,cancauseoxidativestress.Overtime,oxidativestressweakenscellandtissuesandcanleaveyoumoreeasilytocertainhealthissuesincludingcancer.And,asbeautymarketersarekeenlyaware,oxidativestresscanalsospeeduptheagingprocess.Nowthatyourknowfreeradicalscanweakonyourhealth,you’reprobablywonderingifthereareanywaystopreventthemfromformingoratleasttominimizetheirnegativeeffects.12.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph1?A.Explaintheprocessofaging. B.Statetheformationoffreeradicals.C.Introducethetopicoffreeradicals. D.Describetheharmofantiagingcream.13.Whichofthefollowingdofreeradicalsreferto?A.Unpairedelectrons. B.Steadyatoms.C.Replacementsofatoms. D.Functionsofelectrons.14.Whatcanwelearnaboutantioxidantsfromthetext?A.Theyhaveneverbeenfoundinnature.B.Theydoharmtocells,proteinsandDNA.C.Theycanslowdownthedamageofsomecells.DTheyalwayskeepbalancewithfreeradical.15.Whatwilltheauthorprobablytellusnext?A.Whatexactlyoxidativestressis. B.Howbeautymarketerspromotesales.C.Whereavarietyofdiseasescomefrom. D.Whetherfreeradicalscanbeprevented.【答案】12.C13.A14.C15.D【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了自由基是怎樣形成的和自由基是怎樣影響人的身體的。【12題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段Theotherday,Iboughtanexpensiveanti-agingcreamthatpromisedtomakemyfacelookseveralyearsyoungerthatotherwomenbyfightingfreeradicals.Itmademecuriousaboutwhatfreeradicalsares.Istheanti-agingcreamtheonlywayIneedtoprotectmyself?可知，前幾天，我買了一款昂貴的抗蒼老面霜，據(jù)說它能對抗自由基，讓我的臉看起來比其他女性年輕好幾歲。這讓我新奇什么是自由基?？股n老面霜是我唯一須要愛護自己的方法嗎？由此可推知，作者第一段講解并描述了她買了一個抗蒼老的面霜來反抗自由基給臉部留下歲月的痕跡的事，從而引出自由基的話題。故選C。【13題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中Electrons(電子)arethenegativelychargedatoms,andtheyliketobeinpairs.可知，電子是帶負(fù)電荷的原子，它們喜愛成對出現(xiàn)。以及第四段中Bhuyansays,“Scientifically,freeradicalsareunpairedelectronsthatareseekingamatetobondwith.可知Bhuyan說：“從科學(xué)上講，自由基是找尋配偶的未配對電子?！庇纱丝芍杂苫傅氖遣怀蓪Φ碾娮?。故選A?！?4題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段中Anothermini-sciencelessonforyou:Antioxidantsarenaturalormanmademattersthatcanhelpdelayorpreventsometypesofcelldamage.可知，另一個小科學(xué)課：抗氧化劑是自然或人造物質(zhì)，可以幫助延緩或防止某些類型的細(xì)胞損傷。由此可知，抗氧化劑可以減緩一些細(xì)胞的損傷。故選C?！?5題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中Nowthatyourknowfreeradicalscanweakonyourhealth,you’reprobablywonderingifthereareanywaystopreventthemfromformingoratleasttominimizetheirnegativeeffects.可知，既然你知道了自由基會損害你的健康，你可能想知道是否有方法阻擋它們的形成，或者至少把它們的負(fù)面影響降到最低。由此可推知，作者接下來可能會圍繞“自由基的形成是否能被阻擋”綻開。故選D。其次節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Howtoliveahappylife?Thefollowingsuggestionsmaybeofgreathelptoyou.Keeppositive.____16____Optimistshavea35%lesschanceofhavingaheartattackorstroke,aremorelikelytoeatahealthydietandexerciseregularly,havestrongerimmunesystemsandevenlivelonger.Ifyoufaceachallengeorobstacle,you’remorelikelytoseeitasatemporaryorevenoptimisticthing,allowingyoutolearnandgrow.Startvolunteering.____17____Itcanreducetheriskofcognitive(認(rèn)知的)disorder.Itcanevenhelpuslivelonger.Evenifyouhavealittletimetooffer,justtheactofgivinghasbeenshowntoimproveyourhealth,possiblybytemporarilyreducingyoursenseofpain.Begrateful.Countingourblessingsprotectsusagainstanxietyanddepressionandboostsoptimism.Oneofthebestwaystomakethankfulnessapartofyourlifeistokeepajournal.____18____Keepinggratitudeandrecordingyourgooddeedsmayhelpyoulivehappily.____19____Peoplewhoaremoresociallyconnectedtofamily,friendsandcommunityarehappier.They’rephysicallyhealthier,andtheylivelongerthanpeoplewhoarelessconnected.High-conflictmarriages,withoutmuchaffection,turnouttobeverybadforhealth,perhapsworsethangettingdivorced.____20____A.Eathealthilyandhappily.B.Strengthensocialconnections.C.Lookingonthebrightsideoflifeisreallygoodforyou.D.Youcansetdownsomepositiveexperiencesinyourdiary.E.Instead,livingingoodrelationshipsisbeneficialtohealth.F.Studiesshowvolunteeringcanreducestressanddepression.G.You’llhavenotimetovolunteerandgivethanksinyourlife.【答案】16.C17.F18.D19.B20.E【解析】本文是一篇說明文，主要給出了幾個有助于過上歡樂生活的建議?！?6題詳解】依據(jù)后文Optimistshavea35%lesschanceofhavingaheartattackorstroke,aremorelikelytoeatahealthydietandexerciseregularly,havestrongerimmunesystemsandevenlivelonger.可知樂觀主義者得心臟病或中風(fēng)的幾率要低35%，飲食健康，常常熬煉，免疫系統(tǒng)更強，甚至更長壽。由此可知，本句是在說明保持主動，看到生活的光明面對你有好處。故C選項“看到生活的光明面對你有好處”符合上下文語境，故選C?！?7題詳解】結(jié)合后文Itcanreducetheriskofcognitivedisorder.Itcanevenhelpuslivelonger.可知它可以降低認(rèn)知障礙的風(fēng)險。它甚至可以幫助我們活得更久。由此可知，本句是在說明參與志愿活動對人身體的好處，故F選項“探討表明，志愿活動可以減輕壓力和抑郁”符合上下文語境，故選F。【18題詳解】依據(jù)上文Oneofthebestwaystomakethankfulnessapartofyourlifeistokeepajournal.可知讓感恩成為你生活的一部分的最好方法之一就是寫日記。由此可知，本句承接上文說明如何寫日記，上文中journal與D選項中diary為同義詞。故D選項“你可以在日記中登記一些主動的經(jīng)驗”符合上下文語境，故選D?！?9題詳解】結(jié)合后文Peoplewhoaremoresociallyconnectedtofamily,friendsandcommunityarehappier.They’rephysicallyhealthier,andtheylivelongerthanpeoplewhoarelessconnected.可知與家庭、摯友和社區(qū)的社會聯(lián)系越緊密的人越歡樂。他們身體更健康，比那些與外界聯(lián)系較少的人活得更長。由此可知，本段是在強調(diào)要加強社會聯(lián)系，后文則強調(diào)了社會聯(lián)系的必要性和重要性。故B選項“加強社會聯(lián)系”符合上下文語境，故選B?！?0題詳解】結(jié)合上文High-conflictmarriages,withoutmuchaffection,turnouttobeverybadforhealth,perhapsworsethangettingdivorced.可知沒有太多感情的高沖突的婚姻對健康特別不利，可能比離婚更糟糕。由此可知，上文提到了不好的關(guān)系對健康不利，本句承接上文說明好的關(guān)系對健康有益。故E選項“相反，生活在良好的關(guān)系里對健康有益”符合上下文語境，故選E。第三部分語言學(xué)問運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。We’reencouragedtobenicetootherpeople.However,manypeople____21____tobenicetotheenvironment.Naturehas____22____thealarmandglobalwarmingisquiteabig____23____todayinthe21stcentury.Carbondioxideisthelargestpollutant.That____24____causesgreenhousegasestostayintheearth’satmosphere,____25____thetemperatureoftheglobe,causingabnormalweatherandmeltingglaciersinthenorthandsouth.Simplethingswecandoeverydaycanhelp____26____theearth,preventtheextinctionofanimalssuchasthepolarbear,andmaketheeartha____27____placetoliveinforusandfuturegenerationstocome.I’vefoundtonsofcarbondioxidearesentoutbycarseveryday,____28____totheclimatecrisis.SoIdecidetotake____29____nowtopublicizethedangerofcarbondioxide,or_____30_____dosomethingworthwhiletohelpslowtheriseoftheweather.Therearemanywaysformetohelpreduceglobalwarming.Ioftenchoosepublic_____31_____,buses,forexample.Thiscan_____32_____moneyandenergy.IprefertobikeorwalkwheneverIcan.Somehow,I’ve_____33_____mybodyandgrownmuscles_____34_____thepreference.IfIhavetogotoaplaceandIcan’twalk,I’llshareacarwithothers.Ifeelvery_____35_____thatNewYorkcityhasdecidedtopopularizehybrid(混合的)buses.Ialsotryto_____36_____friendsandfamilytodothesameinordertoreducecarbondioxiderelease.Ifeveryonedoessomethingtohelp,togetherwecanmakea_____37_____.Peoplewhoareinterestedcanvisitthe_____38_____toworkwithme.I’m_____39_____foreveryone’ssupportandlet’sfighttogethertomaketheearthhealthy,_____40_____andfreefrompollution.21.A.resolve B.hurry C.swear D.forget22.A.shut B.sounded C.preferred D.broken23.A.threat B.opportunity C.mystery D.fantasy24.A.population B.solid C.pollution D.surface25.A.increasing B.recording C.reducing D.maintaining26.A.destroy B.preserve C.decorate D.acknowledge27.A.quieter B.hotter C.better D.larger28.A.leading B.admitting C.adapting D.applying29.A.breath B.action C.cover D.offer30.A.never B.so C.ever D.even31.A.transportation B.space C.justification D.entertainment32.A.produce B.combine C.economize D.employ33.A.enquiredabout B.pulledup C.caredabout D.builtup34.A.asfor B.thanksto C.exceptfor D.regardlessof35.A.absurd B.annoyed C.delighted D.sensitive36.A.forbid B.urge C.warn D.permit37.A.profit B.promise C.bet D.difference38.A.site B.item C.channel D.charity-39.A.guilty B.qualified C.hungry D.noted40.A.autonomous B.digital C.enormous D.clean【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.C25.A26.B27.C28.A29.B30.D31.A32.C33.D34.B35.C36.B37.D38.A39.C40.D【解析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。很多人遺忘了善待環(huán)境。全球變暖是一個相當(dāng)大的問題。作者建議從我做起，低碳出行；愛護環(huán)境，人人有責(zé)?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，很多人忘了對環(huán)境友好。A.resolve解決；B.hurry匆忙；C.swear詛咒，發(fā)誓；D.forget遺忘。結(jié)合前一句：我們被激勵善待他人。本句中however,然而，可知，之后的內(nèi)容和前面的內(nèi)容相反。選項D符合題意。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：自然界敲響了警鐘，在21世紀(jì)的今日，全球變暖是一個相當(dāng)大的威逼。A.shut關(guān)閉；B.sounded發(fā)出聲音；C.preferred偏愛；D.broken破壞。依據(jù)上下文可知，大自然已經(jīng)發(fā)出了（sounded）警報。選項B符合題意。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.threat威逼；B.opportunity機會；C.mystery神奇；D.fantasy幻想。結(jié)合下句，二氧化碳是最大的污染物，可知，這使得全球變暖是一個相當(dāng)大的威逼。選項A符合題意。故選A。24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：污染導(dǎo)致溫室氣體留在地球的大氣層中，增加了地球的溫度，造成了不正常的天氣和南北冰川的溶化。句意：A.population人口；B.solid固體；C.pollution污染；D.surface表面。依據(jù)上文中的關(guān)鍵詞“pollutant”可知，二氧化碳污染（pollution）導(dǎo)致溫室氣體滯留在地球的大氣層中，上升了（increasing）全球氣溫，導(dǎo)致氣候異樣，溶化了南北極冰川。選項C符合題意。故選C。【25題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.increasing增加B.recording記錄；C.reducing削減；D.maintaining保持。結(jié)合本句后半句，causingabnormalweatherandmeltingglaciersinthenorthandsouth.造成了不正常的天氣和南北冰川的溶化?？芍?，這些污染物使全球的溫度是增加了，選項A符合題意。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們每天可以做的簡潔的事情可以幫助愛護地球,A.destroy破壞；B.preserve愛護；C.decorate裝飾；D.acknowledge感謝。結(jié)合后半句preventtheextinctionofanimalssuchasthepolarbear,阻擋像北極熊這樣的動物滅亡，可知，這些簡潔的事情是對地球的愛護。選項B符合題意。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：防止像北極熊這樣的動物滅亡，讓地球成為我們和子孫后代更好的居住地。A.quieter更寧靜的；B.hotter更熱的；C.better更好的；D.larger更大的。依據(jù)本句后半句內(nèi)容可知，為了我們和下一代能夠居住，這是有利的地方，所以此處表達(dá)的意思是讓地球成為一個更利于（better）居住的地方。選項C符合題意。故選Ｃ?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我發(fā)覺汽車每天排放大量的二氧化碳，導(dǎo)致了氣候危機。A.leading引起，導(dǎo)致；B.admitting承認(rèn)；C.adapting適應(yīng)；D.applying應(yīng)用。依據(jù)上文可知，每天汽車排出大量的二氧化碳，應(yīng)給是導(dǎo)致氣候危機。選項A符合題意。故選A。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：所以我確定現(xiàn)在就實行行動，宣揚二氧化碳的危害，或者做一些有意義的事情來減緩氣候的上升。A.breath呼吸；B.action行動；C.cover封面；D.offer提議。takebreath呼吸；takeaction實行行動；依據(jù)publicizethedangerofcarbondioxide可知,“我”確定現(xiàn)在就實行行動（action），公開二氧化碳的危害.故選B。【30題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.never從來沒有；B.so如此；C.ever曾經(jīng)；D.even甚至。依據(jù)語境，語意上是比之前實行行動程度更深，做一些有意義的事情。與上一句為遞進關(guān)系。故選D?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我常常選擇公共交通工具，比如公共汽車。A.transportation交通；B.space空間；C.justification正值理由；D.entertainment消遣。依據(jù)下文中的提示詞“buses”可知，此處應(yīng)當(dāng)指公共交通（transportation）。選項A符合題意。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這樣可以節(jié)約金錢和能源。A.produce制造；B.combine結(jié)合；C.economize節(jié)約，節(jié)約；D.employ雇傭。依據(jù)上文可知“我”選擇的交通方式是公共交通，依據(jù)常識，這樣可以節(jié)約（economize）錢和能源。選項C符合題意。故選C項?！?3題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：不知何故，由于這種偏好，我強健了身體，熬煉出了肌肉。A.enquiredabout詢問，打聽；B.pulledup減速停下；C.caredabout擔(dān)憂，關(guān)切；D.builtup增加。依據(jù)grownmuscles可知，身體和肌肉是通過這樣的方式增加了。選項D符合題意。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查介詞短語詞義辨析。句意同上。A.asfor關(guān)于，至于；B.thanksto幸虧；C.exceptfor除了……之外；D.regardlessof不管，不顧。依據(jù)IprefertobikeorwalkwheneverIcan以及結(jié)合前半句，肌肉和身體是通過這樣的方式增加了，這些都是多虧了自己的偏好。選項B符合題意。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我很興奮紐約市確定推廣混合動力公交車。A.absurd荒謬的，可笑的；B.annoyed憤怒的；C.delighted興奮的；D.sensitive愛護的。結(jié)合本句后半句，紐約市確定推廣混合動力公交車，這對于削減溫室效應(yīng)是愛護了地球。聯(lián)系上文得知，作者確定實行行動，甚至做一些有意義的事情來減緩氣溫的上升。因而作為作者對此行為是贊同的，是興奮的。選項C符合題意。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：為了削減二氧化碳的排放，我也試圖敦促摯友和家人也這樣做。A.forbid禁止；B.urge敦促；C.warn警告；D.permit許可，允許；依據(jù)本句后半句，可知，下文可知，為了削減二氧化碳的排放，應(yīng)當(dāng)是“我”也試著督促（urge）摯友和家人這樣做。選項B符合題意。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：假如每個人都能幫上忙，我們就能變更世界。A.profit利潤；B.promise承諾；C.bet打賭；D.difference影響。固定搭配makeadifference，有影響，有意義。依據(jù)上下文可知，假如每個人都做一些有利環(huán)境的事，大家一起就能有所作為，就能變更世界。選項D符合題意。故選D。【38題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有愛好的人可以訪問網(wǎng)站和我一起工作。A.site網(wǎng)站；B.item項目，物品；C.channel頻道；D.charity慈善。依據(jù)下文中的網(wǎng)址environmentalde可知，此處填入網(wǎng)站（site）最合適。選項A符合題意。故選A項?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我渴望每個人的支持，讓我們一起努力，讓地球變得健康，干凈，沒有污染。A.guilty愧疚的；B.qualified合格的；C.hungry渴望的；D.noted著名的。behungryfor“渴望得到，渴求”；beguiltyfor“因……而愧疚”；bequalifiedfor“有……資格；能勝任……”，benotedfor“因……而著名”，依據(jù)上文得知，Ifeveryonedoessomethingtohelp,togetherwecanmakea____17____.作者想到每個人要都支持的話，就會變更世界。所以此處是渴望得到每個人的支持。選項C符合題意。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.autonomous自治的；B.digital數(shù)碼的；C.enormous巨大的；D.clean干凈的。依據(jù)本句后半句freefrompollution，遠(yuǎn)離污染，可知此處指的是干凈的地球，選項D符合題意。故選D。其次節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Highschoolyearsarealargepartin___41___(shape)thepersonyouaregoingtobecome.Aschooloften___42___(provide)educationforyou,anditcanalsobeaplace___43___youcandeveloprelationshipswithmanydifferentpeople,joinclubs,andparticipateinavarietyofdifferentsports.Theseyearscanmakeyoubecomeahighschoolstudent___44___(fill)withmanydifferentemotions,includinghappiness,anger,sadness,envy,loneliness,stress,andanumerousamountmore.Thisisalsoatimewhenpeer(同齡人)pressureismostcommonlyputuponavastmajorityofteens.Peerpressureistheinfluencefrommembersofone'speergroup.Thiscanincludeinfluencinganothertodrink,smoke,cheatonatest,lie,skipclass,andetc.Thelistis___45___(end).Peerpressureathighschoolisbothharmful___46___effectivebecauseit