2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語(yǔ)Unit2HealthyLifestylePeriod2素養(yǎng)檢測(cè)含解析新人教版選擇性必修第三冊(cè)

PAGEUnit2HealthyLifestyle課時(shí)素養(yǎng)檢測(cè)六Unit2Period2Ⅰ.閱讀理解AUnhealthydietsareresponsibleforpreventabledeathsgloballyperyear,moreeventhansmokingtobacco,accordingtoamajorstudy.“Butthebiggestproblemisnotthejunkfoodweeatbutthenutritiousfoodwedon’teat,”sayresearchers,callingforaglobalshiftinpolicytopromotevegetables,fruit,nutsandbeans.Whilesugarandtrans-fatsareharmful,moredeathsarecausedbytheabsenceofhealthyfoodsinourdiet.Heartattacksarethemaindiet-relatedcausesofdeath,followedbycancersanddiabetes(糖尿病).Thestudyfoundthateatinganddrinkingbettercouldpreventoneinfivedeathsaroundtheworld.“Ratherthantryingtopersuadepeopletocutdownonsugar,saltandfat,whichhasbeenthemainfocusofdietpolicydebateinthepasttwodecades,itwouldbebettertopromotehealthyoptions.Adoptionofdietsemphasizingbeansandotherhealthyplantsourcesofprotein,forinstance,willhaveimportantbenefitsforhumanhealth,”notetheresearchers.Thestudyisthemostcomprehensiveanalysisonthehealtheffectsofdieteverconducted.Itlookedat15differentnutrients,givingdetailedknowledgeoftheanalysisandsummaryoftheriskfactorsofthem.TomSanders,aprofessorofnutritionanddietetics(飲食學(xué)),saidtheanalysisputtoomuchemphasisonindividualcomponentsratherthantheoveralldiet.“Overweightisamajordriverforriskofdiabetesaswellascancerandthehealthevidenceforthisrelationshipisstrong.Overweightiscausedbyeatingmorefoodenergythanrequiredratherthanspecificdietarycomponentssuchassugar.Thetrendforpopulationstosittoomuchisamajorreasonwhythereisanimbalancebetweenenergyintakeandconsumptionbutincreasedavailabilityoffoodswithhighcaloriesmakesittooeasytoovereat.”【語(yǔ)篇概述】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。一項(xiàng)探討發(fā)覺(jué),不健康的飲食習(xí)慣是各類疾病的誘因,同時(shí)也增加了死亡的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。建議人們吃健康的養(yǎng)分豐富的食物。1.Whatdotheresearchersthinkisthebestwaytolowerpreventabledeathrate?A.Restrictingjunkfood.B.Tryingtoeathealthily.C.Avoidingriskfactors.D.Adoptinghigh-caloriediets.【解析】選B。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的Unhealthydietsareresponsibleforpreventabledeathsgloballyperyear其次段中的callingforaglobalshiftinpolicytopromotevegetables,fruit,nutsandbeans和第三段第一句Thestudyfoundthateatinganddrinkingbettercouldpreventoneinfivedeathsaroundtheworld.可知,只要做到健康飲食,就可以降低可預(yù)防性的死亡的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),故選B。2.What’sthemajorconcernofthecurrentdietpolicy?A.Thediversityoffood.B.Theimportanceofnutritiousfood.C.Thereductionofunhealthyfoodintake.D.Thebalancebetweendietandexercise.【解析】選B。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的句子Ratherthantryingtopersuadepeopletocutdownonsugar,saltandfat,whichhasbeenthemainfocusofdietpolicydebateinthepasttwodecades,itwouldbebettertopromotehealthyoptions.Adoptionofdietsemphasizingbeansandotherhealthyplantsourcesofprotein,forinstance,willhaveimportantbenefitsforhumanhealth.可知,與過(guò)去二十年的健康飲食策略強(qiáng)調(diào)削減糖分、鹽和脂肪的攝入不同,現(xiàn)在的飲食策略則強(qiáng)調(diào)養(yǎng)分、健康的食物的攝入。故選B。3.WhichofthefollowingdoesTomSandersagreewith?A.Theanalysisoverlooksdietaryintegrity.B.Overweightresultsfromdiabetesandcancer.C.Peoplewhorarelyexercisemustdietstrictly.D.Particulardietarycomponentsleadtooverweight.【解析】選A。推理推斷題。由最終一段首句TomSanders,aprofessorofnutritionanddietetics,saidtheanalysisputtoomuchemphasisonindividualcomponentsratherthantheoveralldiet.可知,在Tom看來(lái),探討分析過(guò)度強(qiáng)調(diào)飲食中各種獨(dú)立部分的作用,卻未能從整體角度關(guān)注飲食,故選A。4.Whereisthetextmostlikelyfrom?A.Aproductbrochure.B.Acookbook.C.Amedicaltextbook.D.Ahealthjournal.【解析】選D。推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章第一段Unhealthydietsareresponsibleforpreventabledeathsgloballyperyear,moreeventhansmokingtobacco,accordingtoamajorstudy.再結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容來(lái)看,文章都在就“健康飲食”話題綻開。由此可知,這篇文章可能來(lái)源于健康類雜志。故選D。BIreceivedaprivatemessageonFacebook.Itbeganharmlesslyenough:“Hey,girl.Wantedtoinviteyoutojoinmynextchallengegroup—we’llbefocusingonfittingin30minutesofexerciseandbalancednutrition.”Itwasallbecomingtoomuch.Facebookwasrunningmylife,notme.ButwhatkilledFacebookformewaswhenIpostedaphoto,andfiveminuteslatermysonaskedmehowmany“l(fā)ikes”ithadgot.Hisquestionwasawake-upcall.“Likes”aresignsofacceptanceandapproval.Ihadforgottenthatacceptanceandapprovalneedtocomefromwithinandhadunknowinglysethimabadexample.BeforeFacebook,surfingtheInternetwasanoccasionaldistractionandIspentalotmoretimereadingbooksandmagazines.Icheckedinwithfriendsthroughtexts,emailsandphonecalls.Torecreatethesimplicityofthosedaysandsetahealthierexampletomyson,IdeactivatedmyFacebookaccount.I’dbeeninthehabitofcheckingFacebookmanytimesaday,soIhadtocomeupwithsomenewhabits.Icarriedanovelandacrosswordpuzzlebookaroundwithme.Irediscoveredknitting.Istartedtakingyogaclasses.Istartedtorememberafewthings.Mybodyisfinejustthewayitis.IhavefriendswhowillhelpmeoutwhenI’mintrouble,andIwillhelpthemout.Idomybesttobeagoodmother,andoursonishappyandhealthy.Weareveryluckytobeabletoaffordtwovacationsayear.Istoppedlookingattheworldthroughmycellphone.Ifeltcompletelypresentinthemoment.Thebreakleftmefeelingbetteraboutmyself,myfamily,myhomeandmylife.Afterafewweeks,IreturnedtoFacebook.NowIlookatthephotosofmyfriends’kidsgrowingupandtreasurehowsocialmediaallowsmetokeepintouchwithfamilyfarandwide.Ilookinonadailybasis,butnolongerwiththedesireconstantlytopostupdates.Itisnotanaddictionanymore.【語(yǔ)篇概述】本文是一篇記敘文。講解并描述了作者如何擺脫Facebook,活在當(dāng)下,享受生活的過(guò)程。5.Whatwastheauthor’slifelikebeforeherbreakfromFacebook?A.Sheenjoyedreadinginherfreetime.B.Shespentmuchtimeonsocialmedia.C.Shedidn’tgetalongwellwithherson.D.Shedidn’tcarewhatothersthoughtofher.【解析】選B。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。從文章其次段Itwasallbecomingtoomuch.Facebookwasrunningmylife,notme.可知,在擺脫Facebook之前,她曾經(jīng)把大量的時(shí)間花費(fèi)在社交媒體上。6.Theunderlinedword“deactivated”inParagraph6isclosestinmeaningto“______”.

A.closeB.updateC.keepD.check【解析】選A。詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)畫線詞前的Torecreatethesimplicityofthosedaysandsetahealthierexampletomyson可知,作者想要再造之前簡(jiǎn)潔的生活,給兒子樹立一個(gè)好的榜樣,作者要關(guān)掉Facebook賬號(hào)。故選A。7.Whatdidtheauthordotochangeherlife?A.Shewenttothegymasoftenasshecould.B.Shedevelopedsomehealthyhabits.C.Shetriedtomakemoneyforherholidays.D.Shetraveledaroundalotforayear.【解析】選B。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由文章第七段中的Ihadtocomeupwithsomenewhabits.Icarriedanovelandacrosswordpuzzlebookaroundwithme.Irediscoveredknitting.Istartedtakingyogaclasses.可知,作者在關(guān)閉了自己的Facebook賬號(hào)后,起先培育自己的新習(xí)慣。故選B。8.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardssocialmedia?A.Critical. B.Supportive.C.Objective. D.Indifferent.【解析】選C。情感看法題。在文章中的倒數(shù)第四段起先談自己關(guān)閉Facebook賬號(hào)之后的感受:懂得了活在當(dāng)下,關(guān)愛(ài)家人,酷愛(ài)生活,同時(shí)在倒數(shù)其次段提到一段時(shí)間后,作者會(huì)在Facebook上看摯友小孩的照片,珍惜社交媒體拓寬了作者的生活。雖然作者每天都查看Facebook,但不再希望不斷發(fā)布更新。說(shuō)明作者對(duì)Facebook是比較客觀的看法。故選C。Ⅱ.完形填空Asnightapproached,wesataroundthecampfirelaughingandteasingoneanother.Suddenlytherecameastrangesound.We1beyondthefire,intothedarkness.Myheartbegantopound2.Maybethecougar(美洲獅)spottedafewdaysearlierhadreturned.

Silencetookoveraswewere3toseeanythingbeyondtheedgeoffirelight.Therewasaploppingsound,thenagrey4movedacrossthegravel(碎石),justbeyondthelights.

Whatwasit?Weheldourbreathasthethingagaindroppedontothegravelandmovedquicklyoutof5.

“Maybeit’saflyingsquirrel.”someonesaid.Therewasanotherplopand6nearourcar.Somethingseemedodd.Whatwasit?

Afriend7hiscameraandwaitedforthecreaturetoreturn.Itlandedagainandjustasquicklyvanished.“Itseemedtobe8toofast,”saidourcamerafan,“andIwasunabletogeta9ofthestrangeanimal.”

Hemovedtotheedgeofthefirelight,10himselfforabettershot,andthenbegantolaugh.Therewasacrunchingofgravelandfrom11thecar’sdarkenedendemergedRogers,whocampedwithuseverysummer.Hecarriedafishingrod.Ontheendofthefishinglinewasagreysock,givingitaheadand12.Wehadallbeen13byaflyinggreysock.

Allthepeopleburstintolaughter.Wesatlongintotheevening14pastyearsandotherfunnystories.Yes,thecamping15differedeverysummerbutthefriendshipremainedthesameasachosensummerfamily.

【語(yǔ)篇概述】本文是一篇記敘文。講解并描述了作者和摯友們?cè)谝淮紊街新稜I(yíng)時(shí)發(fā)生的一個(gè)烏龍事務(wù):黑暗里的不明物體不斷發(fā)出驚奇的聲音,大家誤以為是讓人恐驚的美洲獅或其他什么生物,而最終結(jié)果卻是一只掛在釣魚竿上的灰色襪子在空中晃來(lái)晃去。1.A.fellB.rushedC.staredD.jumped【解析】選C?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。fell掉下;rushed連忙;stared注視;jumped跳動(dòng)。依據(jù)后文beyondthefire,intothedarkness可知,因?yàn)橥蝗话l(fā)出的聲音,大家都盯著篝火外的黑暗的地方,想知道是什么東西。故選C。2.A.deeply B.secretly C.lightly D.wildly【解析】選D。考查副詞辨析。deeply深深地;secretly隱私地;lightly稍微地;wildly瘋狂地,失控地。結(jié)合后文Maybethecougarspottedafewdaysearlierhadreturned.可知作者心里懷疑是以前看到的美洲獅,因此作者內(nèi)心特別恐驚,故心臟狂跳起來(lái)。故選D。3.A.desperate B.criticalC.cautious D.accurate【解析】選A?？疾樾稳菰~辨析。desperate極度渴望的;critical批判的,至關(guān)重要的;cautious謹(jǐn)慎的;accurate精確的。由下文的toseeanythingbeyondtheedgeoffirelight可知,四周一片寧?kù)o,他們渴望了解是什么發(fā)出了驚奇的聲音。故選A。4.A.sock B.creature C.squirrel D.wood【解析】選B?？疾槊~辨析。sock襪子;creature生物;squirrel松鼠;wood木頭。依據(jù)后文forthecreaturetoreturn可知,“砰”的一聲,然后一個(gè)灰色的生物飛過(guò)碎石,不見(jiàn)了。故選B。5.A.reach B.dateC.sight D.curiosity【解析】選C?？疾槊~辨析。reach范圍;date日期;sight視力;curiosity新奇心。依據(jù)justbeyondthelights可知,那個(gè)讓他們新奇和膽怯 的東西掉在沙礫上,快速地消逝了,他們還是沒(méi)有看到那個(gè)東西是什么,短語(yǔ)outofsight“看不見(jiàn)”。故選C。6.A.disappearance B.excitementC.birth D.shock【解析】選A?？疾槊~辨析。disappearance消逝;excitement激烈;birth誕生;shock震驚。在我們汽車旁邊又有一聲撲通的聲音,然后就消逝了。故選A。7.A.charged B.grabbed C.examined D.fixed【解析】選B。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。charged控告;grabbed抓起,捕獲;examined檢查;fixed修理。由后文hiscameraandwaitedforthecreaturetoreturn可知是抓起了相機(jī)想要拍照。故選B。8.A.growing B.movingC.changing D.sweeping【解析】選B?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。growing生長(zhǎng);moving移動(dòng);changing變更;sweeping清掃。由后文toofast可知,攝影愛(ài)好者所說(shuō)的是好像它移動(dòng)得太快了。故選B。9.A.greeting B.signalC.picture D.meeting【解析】選C?？疾槊~辨析。greeting問(wèn)候;signal信號(hào);picture照片;meeting遇到。結(jié)合上文hiscamera可知“沒(méi)能拍攝到這只怪獸的照片”。故選C。10.A.caught B.pushedC.positioned D.relieved【解析】選C。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。caught抓住;pushed推;positioned使就位,站好位置;relieved減輕。依據(jù)上文Hemovedtotheedgeofthefirelight可知他走到火光的邊緣,找個(gè)更好的拍攝位置,然后他就大笑起來(lái)了。故選C。11.A.across B.beyond C.through D.over【解析】選B?？疾榻樵~辨析。across穿過(guò);beyond較遠(yuǎn)的一邊,超過(guò)……;through通過(guò);over在……上面。句意:隨著碎石的嘎吱嘎吱聲,Rogers從較遠(yuǎn)一邊的黑暗的車尾出來(lái)了,他是每年夏天都和我們一起宿營(yíng)的一個(gè)摯友。故選B。12.A.fish B.end C.cut D.body【解析】選D?？疾槊~辨析。fish魚;end結(jié)束;cut切割;body身體。結(jié)合上文givingitaheadand可知釣魚線的末端是一只灰色的襪子,讓釣魚竿有一個(gè)頭和身體,從而讓作者他們誤以為是什么怪獸。故選D。13.A.touched B.attractedC.controlled D.tricked【解析】選D。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。touched觸碰;attracted吸引;controlled限制;tricked欺瞞。人們一起先以為是什么可怕的怪獸,結(jié)果卻是一只套在釣魚竿上的襪子,因此他們是被一只襪子欺瞞了。故選D。14.A.regretting B.recommendingC.recalling D.interpreting【解析】選C?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。regretting懊悔;recommending舉薦;recalling回想起;interpreting說(shuō)明。結(jié)合后文pastyearsandotherfunnystories可知是在回想(recalling)往事和其他好玩的故事。故選C。15.A.experiences B.instructionsC.situations D.results【解析】選A?？疾槊~辨析。experiences經(jīng)驗(yàn);instructions指令;situations狀況;results結(jié)果。句意:每個(gè)夏天露營(yíng)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)都不一樣,但對(duì)于命中注定在夏季一起野營(yíng)的這個(gè)大家庭而言,友情卻是恒久不變的。故選A。【技法導(dǎo)練】完形填空中的熟詞生義現(xiàn)象總結(jié)近幾年的高考,我們很簡(jiǎn)潔發(fā)覺(jué)熟詞生義現(xiàn)象的出鏡率在明顯地增多。產(chǎn)生這種現(xiàn)象的主要緣由是語(yǔ)言變得更加鮮活,而從另一個(gè)側(cè)面來(lái)講,學(xué)生所學(xué)的語(yǔ)言也有了更多的維度,而不是單純一個(gè)單詞或短語(yǔ)或零散的句子。因此要更好地應(yīng)對(duì)高考,也就要在日常學(xué)習(xí)中有必要的學(xué)習(xí)打算。以下是2024年全國(guó)各地完形填空中所出現(xiàn)的熟詞生義用法的詳細(xì)語(yǔ)句及熟詞生義。1.Theglaciers(冰川)aredisappearing,changingthe______ofKilimanjaro.(全國(guó)Ⅰ卷)

A.position B.age C.face D.name分析:選C。face指“面貌,外觀特征”;其熟義為“臉”。2.Theenvironmentalchallengesare______buttheeffortsmadebytheTanzaniaNationalParkAuthorityseemtobepayingoff.(全國(guó)Ⅰ卷)

A.new B.specialC.significant D.necessary分析:選C。significant意為“(數(shù)量或程度)大的,巨大的”;其熟義為“重要的,有意義的”。3.TheenvironmentalchallengesaresignificantbuttheeffortsmadebytheTanzaniaNationalParkAuthorityseemtobe______.(全國(guó)Ⅰ卷)

A.payingoff B.spreadingoutC.blowingup D.fadingaway分析:選A。payoff意為“取得勝利,得到好結(jié)果”;其熟義為“還清(欠債等)”。4.Iwillgotocollegewiththese______inmindandcontinuemyworkwithCuddleBuddies,evenwhenIengageinawholenewsetofexcitingacademicandnonacademicpursuits.(天津春季卷)

A.plans B.images C.lessons D.motives分析:選C。lesson意為“教訓(xùn),閱歷”;其熟義為“課,功課”。5.Immediately,Icontactedagenciesthatsupportthosechildrenandtheysaidthestuffedanimalswouldcertainly______children’sspirits.(天津春季卷)

A.capture B.reflect C.lift D.record分析:選C。lift意為“(使)激昂,提升(心情)”;其熟義為“舉起,抬起”。6.Shesaidshe______mywalletonabusseat.(天津卷)

A.moved B.placed C.opened D.spotted分析:選D。spot意為“發(fā)覺(jué)”,是動(dòng)詞;其熟義為“地點(diǎn)”,是名詞。7.Wilsonsaid,“It’ssucha(n)______tobeapartofthesekids’lives,evenjustforafewhours,gettingtoknowthemandhearingtheirstories.”(北京卷)

A.effort B.ambitionC.privilege D.convenience分析:選C。privilege意為“榮幸,幸運(yùn)”;其熟義為“特權(quán)”。8.Howcanwe______theever-wideninggapthatseparatesusfromotheranimals?(江蘇卷)

A.leave B.bridge C.open D.identify分析:選B。bridge意為“彌補(bǔ)(差距),消退(分歧)”,是動(dòng)詞;其熟義為“橋”,是名詞。通過(guò)對(duì)以上詳細(xì)實(shí)例的分析,我們可以看到,了解熟詞生義的用法,可以幫助學(xué)生更好地理解句子的意義,從而提高學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的效率。語(yǔ)法填空閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。It’sanacknowledged1.__________(true)thatyoungpeoplehavetheirowncultures,lifestylesandattitudes.Theyare2.(constant)connectedonsocialmedia,creatingandsharingtheirowncultures.ThisiswhyChinesedirectorZhuLexianhastappedintoyouthtrends,3.__________(bring)outadocumentaryseriestitledGenerationalGravity.

Thedocumentaryhasfourkey4.__________(subject)ofinteresttotheglobalyounggeneration—streetculture,beautyandmakeup,hairstylesandpartyculture.Zhunoticedthatmoreandmoreyoungpeople,despitedifferent5.__________(culture)backgrounds,wel