中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)：冠詞（學(xué)生版）

語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)題一、冠詞(必考)

EQ考點(diǎn)精講

考點(diǎn)1不定冠詞a/an

(1)泛指某一類(lèi)人或事物中的一個(gè)或一類(lèi).

⑵在敘述時(shí)用于第一次提到的某人或某物之前.〃每一”，〃一個(gè)“

⑶用在形容詞最高級(jí)前,表示“非常;很”等,不強(qiáng)調(diào)比較.此用法比較特殊.形容

詞最高級(jí)前更常見(jiàn)的是用定冠詞the,表示〃最”，有比較.例如：

>Thisisamostbeautifulpark.

這是一個(gè)非常漂亮的公園.

>Ihavebeentomanyparks.Thisisthemostbeautifulone.

我去過(guò)很多公園.這是最漂亮的一個(gè).

(4)用于序數(shù)詞前,表示〃又一,再一”.強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量上的增加.表泛指.此用法比較特

殊.序數(shù)詞前更常見(jiàn)的是用定冠詞the,表順序,特指〃第幾”.例如：

AChinesecoupleareallowedtohave_athirdchild.

中國(guó)夫妻允許生三胎.

>MrSmithhasthreechildren.Helenisthethirdone.

史密斯先生有三個(gè)孩子.海倫是第三個(gè).

⑸某些固定詞組前用不定冠詞.例如：

haveagoodtime,inahurry,havearest,forawhile,takeawalk,

haveacold

(6)特別注意：a/an的區(qū)別

a用在輔音音素開(kāi)頭的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或字母前,an用在元音音素開(kāi)頭的單

數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或字母前.注意用a還是an,看的是后面單詞發(fā)音的第一個(gè)音素,而

不是看單詞第一個(gè)字母是否元音字母.如abook,anorange,anegg,an

artist,animportantvisit,anAfrican/Asiancountry

注意：

①u(mài)發(fā)音為/ju：/時(shí)，單詞前用a.如：ausualboy;auniversity;

ausefulbook;注意另外兩個(gè)特殊詞：aone-legtable;a

Europeancountry

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u發(fā)音為元音時(shí)，單詞前用an.如：anunusualmonkey,anumbrella,

②常見(jiàn)輔音字母不發(fā)音的單詞有：anhonestboy;anhour

③單獨(dú)字母前的用儆記憶口訣：z，Mr.Lihasonefox.”

>Thereisan〃f“andan〃o“intheword"frog".

在frog這個(gè)單詞里面,有一個(gè)f和一個(gè)o.

AMyuncleboughtmeanMp4onmybirthday.

我叔叔在我生日給我買(mǎi)了一個(gè)Mp4.

1.MyauntisEnglishteacher.Sheteachesinuniversity.

A.a;aB.an;anC.an;aD.a;an

2.Englishisusefulsubject,andIstudyEnglishforhourevery

day.

A.a;aB.an;anC.an;aD.a;an

考點(diǎn)2定冠詞the

基本用法例句

(1)用來(lái)表示特指的或指雙方都知ThemanoverthereisJohn，suncle.

道的人或事

(2)表示上文中提到過(guò)的人或者事ThereisanEnglishbookonthedesk.

ThebookisLiLei，s.

(3)用在世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的名詞前Thesunisbiggerthantheearth,(the

moon)

(4)用在與普通名詞構(gòu)成的專(zhuān)有名theGreatWall,theSummerPalace,the

詞前LuvreMuseum

(5)用在方位名詞前intheeast/west/south/north,on

theleft/right

(6)用在形容詞最高級(jí)、序數(shù)詞前Thisisthehighestbuildinginthis

面city.

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(7)play+樂(lè)器〃演奏樂(lè)器”短語(yǔ)Mysistercanplaythepianoandthe

中，用在(西洋)樂(lè)器名詞前violin.

(8)用在姓氏復(fù)數(shù)形式前,表示一TheSmithsarewatchingTV.

家人或夫婦

(9)the和部分形容詞連用,表示一Theoldshouldbelookedafter,(young,

類(lèi)人sick,rich,poor)

(10)用在江河湖海及山脈等地理名TheChangjiangRiveristhelongest

詞前riverinChina.

(11)用在某些固定詞組中inthemorning/evening/afternoon,

inthedaytime,intheend,atthe

sametime,bytheway,attheageof,

atthebeginningof,inthemiddle

of,atthemoment,gotothecinema

［助記口訣］〃獨(dú)指方、高樂(lè)序、慣家形

3.IhaveEuropeanpenfriend,andhelikesplayingguitar.

A.an;/B.an;theC.a;/D.a;the

4.一Who'smanunderthetree?

一He，smyuncle,actor.

A.a;theB.a;anC.the;theD.the;an

考點(diǎn)3零冠詞(不用冠詞)

基本用法例句

(1)在專(zhuān)有名詞(國(guó)名、城市名、人名、Beijingisabeautifulcity.

路名)或者稱(chēng)呼、頭銜前不用冠

詞

(2)在季節(jié)、月份、星期、日期、節(jié)Insummer/onMonday/in1995

日前不用冠詞

(3)在球類(lèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)、棋類(lèi)和學(xué)科名詞前不MrZhanglikesplayingfootball

用冠詞andchess.

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(4)三餐飯前不用冠詞havebreakfast/lunch/supper/

dinner

(5)名詞前有〃this,that,those,Thisismybestfriend.

these,my,your,some”等其他

限定詞修飾時(shí)不用冠詞

(6)用在某些固定詞組中athome,watchTV,listento

music,onfoot,inbed,in

hospital,atfirst,introuble,in

public,bybus,atnoon,atnight,

gotoschool

注意：1.中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日前一般加“the"：theSpringFestival春節(jié)、the

LanternFestival元宵節(jié)、theDragonBoatFestival端午節(jié)、the

Mid-AutumnDay中秋節(jié).

西方節(jié)日前用零冠詞：Christmas圣誕節(jié)，Thanksgiving感恩節(jié)，Halloween

萬(wàn)圣節(jié)

2.具體某年的季節(jié)前一般加"the"：inthewinterof2009

3.但三餐飯前如有形容詞修飾時(shí),可以用冠詞,如：haveanicebreakfast

4.by+交通工具;take+冠詞/物主代詞+交通工具

5.有定冠詞與無(wú)定冠詞的區(qū)別：

(1)gotoschool去上學(xué)(是學(xué)生)-gototheschool到學(xué)校去(不一定是學(xué)

生)

(2)gotobed上床睡覺(jué)gotothebed走到床前(不一定是去睡覺(jué))

(3)inhospital因病住院--inthehospital在醫(yī)院里(不一定是病人)

(4)attable吃飯-atthetable在桌子旁邊

(5)atschool在上學(xué)-attheschool在學(xué)校里

(6)inclass在上課--intheclass在班級(jí)里

(7)infuture今后--inthefuture將來(lái)

(8)infrontof在(..外部的)前面inthefrontof在(...內(nèi)部的)前

面

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（9）nextyear明年（一般將來(lái)時(shí)）-thenextyear第二年（一般過(guò)去時(shí)）

（10）bysea乘船-bythesea在海邊

（11）inbed（睡、病、躺）在床上--inthebed（某物）在床上

（12）onearth究竟--ontheearth在地球上

聲例

5.—Doesyourteachergotoworkbycareveryday?

一No.Heusuallytakesbus.

A./;/B./;theC.a;theD.the;a

眼考點(diǎn)精練

中考語(yǔ)法一冠詞專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)

（共計(jì)50小題,每小題2分，總分100分.）

1.Thereis_____uniformonthesofa,and______uniformisforyou.

A.a;/B.an;/c.an;theD.a;the

2.Angelloveslifeandkeeping______.

A.andiaryB.adiariesc.adiaryD.diary

3.Thisis____―〃h“andthatis___〃u”

A.a;aB.a;anc.an;aD.an;an

4.一Sallyis______middleschoolstudent.Howaboutherbrother?

一Heis_____Englishteacher.

A.a;anB.an;ac.a;aD.an;an

5.Ihave______Europeanpenfriend,andhelikesplaying_______guitar.

A.an;/B.an;thec.a;/D.a;the

6.________clevergirlKittyis!Shecancomeupwithsomecreativewaysto

finishtheproject.

A.WhatB.Howac.HowD.Whata

7.MycousinBettyis_____footballfan.

A./B.anc.theD.a

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8.Englishisusefulsubject,andIstudyEnglishforhourevery

day.

A.a;aB.an;anC.an;aD.a;an

9.Ihaveuncleandaunt.

A.a,aB.an,anC.a,anD.an,a

10.SheisfamoussingerinChinaandhasmanyfans.

A.theB.aC.anD./

11.——What，smatterwiththeoldman?

一Hedoesn，tfeelwell.Hehashighfever.

A./;theB./;aC.the;theD.the;a

12.Igotadogyesterdayasabirthdaygift.dogisverycuteandI

likeit.

A.TheB.C.AD.An

13.——Lookatboyoverthere.Helooksexcited.

一Yeah,hehaswonfirstprizeintheschoolEnglishReading&

WritingCompetition.

A.a;theB.the;ac.the;theD.a;a

14.一Who'smanunderthetree?

一He'smyuncle,actor.

A.a;theB.a;anC.the;theD.the;an

15.一Doesyourteachergotoworkbycareveryday?

一No.Heusuallytakesbus.

A./；/B./;theC.a;theD.the;a

16.LaoSheisgreatwriter.He，sespeciallyfamousforplay

Teahouse,

A.an;theB.a;theC.an;aD.a;an

17.一一Doyouknowgirlwithlongcurlyhair?

一一Yes.SheisHelen,mycousin.

A.aB.anC.theD./

18.—Whatbadweatheritistoday!

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一Yes,weathermakesmesosad.

A.a;aB./;theC.a;theD.the;a

19.1likeplayingchessbutmybrotherlikesplaying

piano.

A.the;theB.the;/C./;theD./;/

20.-Therewillbe8-dayartexhibitioninXiamennextmonth.

-Wow!Itmustbemostunusualexhibition.

A.a;aB.an;theC.the;aD.a;/

21.一Whatdidyoudolastnight,Bob?

一FirstIdidmyhomework,andthenIplayed________pianoforhalf

hour.

A.the;aB./;anC.the;anD.a;the

22.Nanjing,______capitalofJiangsu,is______oldcitywith______long

historyinChina.

A.a;an;/B.a;the;aC.the;an;aD.the;the;/

23.Hissisterisofficeworker.Sheworksinofficeoverthere.

A.an;anB.the;theC.an;theD.the;an

24.一Lilyiscomingbyplanetomorrow.

一Let'sgotoairporttomeether.

A.a;aB./;aC.the;theD./;the

25.—HowwasdinneratMike5shouse?

一Itwasgreat.Mike'smumiswonderfulcook.

A.a;theB.the;aC.the;theD.a;an

26.一Whoismaninfrontofthepostoffice?

一Theonewithumbrella?HeisourEnglishteacher.

A.the;aB.the;anC.a;anD.a;the

27.Mybrotheroftenplaysfootballwithhisclassmatesafterschool.

A.aB.anC./D.the

28.Thisismypen.I'mwritingwithpen.

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A.the,/B./,theC.a,anD.an,/

29.一Shallweplaybasketballthisafternoon?

一Goodidea!Doyouhavebasketball?

A.the;aB.a;aC./;/D./;a

30.AllthestudentsagreedtogotoQingdaobyseaandcampby

sea.

A.the;aB.不填；theC.不填；anD.a;the

31.---Wouldyoupleasenotspeaksoloudlyinpublic?

---Sorry.Iwillremembertospeakinlowervoice.

A.the;aB./;aC.the;theD./;/

32.---Mysonseldomhasbreakfast.

---Itisunhealthyhabit.Youmustaskhimtochangeit.

A./;anB.the;anC./；aD.the;a

33.Maryeatsdinnerat7：30intheevening.

A.aB.anC.theD./

34.一Whyareyouinhurry?

一Myclassmatesareplayingtennis.Iwanttocheerthem.

A.a;B.an;C.the;theD./;the

35.newstudysaysthatgoingtobedlateisharmfultoour

health.

A./,/B.A,/C.A;theD.The;the

36.Thespaceshiphastraveledinspace.Scientistswanttodiscoverlife

inuniverse.

A.a,aB.the,theC.the

D.an,an

37.MrWang,aselderlyman,tookpartintheSpecialGames,andfinished

secondintherace.

A.a;theB.an;C.an;aD./;the

38.Igotoworkafterbreakfasteveryday.

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A./;theB.the;theC.the;aD./;/

39.Igaveher________usefuladvice,butshethoughtitwas________useless

answer.

A./;anB.an;anC.an;aD./;a

40.What______terriblenews!Ican'tstopcryingafterhearingit.

A.aB.anC./D.the

41.一Isit____________________orange?

一No,itisn，t.It'sred.

A.aB.anC.theD./

42.Iusuallyhave______breakfastat7o'clock,andIhad______big

breakfastthismorning.

A./,aB.a,a