四川省達(dá)州市英語(yǔ)初三上學(xué)期模擬試題及答案指導(dǎo)

四川省達(dá)州市英語(yǔ)初三上學(xué)期模擬試題及答案指導(dǎo)一、聽(tīng)力部分（本大題有20小題，每小題1分，共20分）1.Question:

Youwillhearashortdialoguebetweenastudentandateacher.Whatisthepurposeofthestudent’svisittotheteacher’soffice?Toaskforhomeworkhelp.Tosubmitamissingassignment.Todiscussclassparticipation.Answer:B)Tosubmitamissingassignment.Explanation:Inthedialogue,thestudentsayssomethinglike,“I’msorry,Mr.

Smith,Iforgottosubmitmyhomeworkassignmentlastweek.CanIgiveittoyounow?”Thisindicatesthatthepurposeofthevisitistosubmitamissingassignment.2.Question:

Listentothenewsreportandanswerthefollowingquestion.Whateventwilltakeplacenextweekendinthecity?Acharityrunforcancerresearch.Aculturalfestivalcelebratinglocalartists.Amarathonraceforprofessionalrunners.Answer:A)Acharityrunforcancerresearch.Explanation:Thenewsreportmentions,“Nextweekend,thecitywillhostacharityruntoraisefundsforcancerresearch.Allarewelcometoparticipateandshowtheirsupport.”Thisdirectlystatesthattheeventnextweekendisacharityrunforcancerresearch.Note:Thedialogueandnewsreportcontentaresimulatedbasedonthequestionprompts.Actualexamquestionswoulduseactualaudiorecordings.3、Whatdoestheboywanttodothisweekend?A)GotothemoviesB)PlaybasketballC)Studyforatest

Answer:B)Playbasketball

Explanation:Inthedialogue,theboymentionshe’sbeenlookingforwardtoplayingbasketballwithhisfriendsallweekandasksifthegirlwantstojointhem.4、Howdoesthegirlfeelabouttheweatherforecast?A)Excitedbecauseit’sgoingtorainB)Disappointedbecauseit’sgoingtobesunnyC)Upsetbecauseit’sgoingtosnow

Answer:A)Excitedbecauseit’sgoingtorain

Explanation:Thegirlexpressesherhappinessabouttherainintheforecastbecausesheenjoysthesoundofrainandwasplanningtostayindoorsandreadbooksanyway.5、Youarelisteningtoaconversationbetweenastudentandateacher.Student:“Mr.

Smith,canyouexplainwhatthemainideaofthepoem‘TheRoadNotTaken’byRobertFrostis?”Teacher:“Certainly.Themainideaofthepoemisaboutthechoiceswemakeinlifeandhowthosechoicesshapeourpaths.Itreflectsontheconceptoftakingaless-traveledroad,whichsymbolizesthepathlesschoseninlife.”Question:Whatisthemainideaofthepoem“TheRoadNotTaken”byRobertFrost?

A)Thebeautyofnature

B)Theimportanceofmakingchoices

C)Thejoyoftraveling

D)ThechallengesoflifeAnswer:B)Theimportanceofmakingchoices解析：本題考查對(duì)詩(shī)歌主旨的理解。根據(jù)老師對(duì)詩(shī)歌的解釋，詩(shī)歌主要講述的是我們生活中的選擇以及這些選擇如何塑造我們的道路，因此正確答案是B。6、Youarelisteningtoaweatherreportonalocalradiostation.WeatherReporter:“Goodmorning,everyone.Thisisyourdailyweatherupdate.Itwillbeasunnyandpleasantdaywithahighof25degreesCelsius.However,thereisachanceofscatteredthunderstormsintheafternoon,especiallyinthenorthernpartofthecity.Pleasestayupdatedwiththeweatherforecastifyouplantogooutduringthattime.”Question:Whatistheweatherforecastfortoday?

A)Rainyallday

B)Sunnywithscatteredthunderstormsintheafternoon

C)Cloudywithoccasionalsunshine

D)SnowywithstrongwindsAnswer:B)Sunnywithscatteredthunderstormsintheafternoon解析：本題考查對(duì)聽(tīng)力材料的理解和細(xì)節(jié)捕捉。根據(jù)天氣預(yù)報(bào)員的播報(bào)，今天將是一個(gè)陽(yáng)光明媚的好天氣，但下午有可能會(huì)有零星的雷暴雨，特別是城市北部。因此，正確答案是B。7、Question:Listentotherecordingandchoosethecorrectanswertothequestion.Thequestionis:WhattimedoesthetrainleaveforLondon?9:00a.m.10:00a.m.11:00a.m.Answer:B)10:00a.m.Explanation:TherecordingclearlystatesthatthetraintoLondondepartsat10:00a.m.Thespeakersays,“ThenexttraintoLondonleavesat10o’clocksharp.”Therefore,thecorrectanswerisB.8、Question:Listentotheconversationanddecidewhetherthestatementistrueorfalse.Thestatementis:Thespeaker’sfriendisgoodatplayingbasketball.TrueFalseAnswer:A)TrueExplanation:Intheconversation,thespeakersays,“Myfriendisreallytalentedatbasketball.Hecanshoothoopslikeapro.”Thisdirectlysupportsthestatementthatthespeaker’sfriendisgoodatplayingbasketball,makingtheanswertrue.9、Listentothedialoguebetweentwostudentsabouttheirweekendplans.Choosethecorrectanswerbasedonwhatyouhear.Theyaregoingtothemoviestogether.Onestudentisstayinghometostudywhiletheotherisgoingout.Bothstudentsareplanningtogoshopping.Answer:BExplanation:Inthedialogue,onestudentmentionstheyhavealotofhomeworktodoovertheweekendandwon’tbeabletohangout,whereastheotherstudentsaysthey’remeetingupwithfriendsatthemall.Therefore,thecorrectansweristhatonestudentisstayinghometostudywhiletheotherisgoingout.10、Listentotheconversationaboutascienceproject.Choosethecorrectanswerbasedonwhatyouhear.Thegroupwillmeettomorrowtofinishtheproject.Theyhavecompletedtheprojectandarediscussinghowtopresentit.Theyneedmoretimeandareplanninganothermeetingthisweek.Answer:AExplanation:Duringtheconversation,thestudentsdiscusstheprogressthey’vemadeontheirscienceprojectanddecidetomeetthenextdayafterschooltofinalizeeverything.Hence,thecorrectansweristhatthegroupwillmeettomorrowtofinishtheproject.11.W:Hi,John!Howwasyourscienceclasstoday?

M:Oh,itwasquiteinteresting.Welearnedaboutthesolarsystem.Q:WhatdidJohnlearninhisscienceclasstoday?A:Johnlearnedaboutthesolarsystem.

B:Johnlearnedabouthistory.

C:Johnlearnedaboutmath.

D:Johnlearnedaboutanimals.Answer:A

Explanation:Intheconversation,Johnmentionsthattheylearnedaboutthesolarsysteminhisscienceclass,whichindicatesthatthecorrectanswerisoptionA.12.M:Haveyouheardaboutthenewmoviecomingoutnextmonth?W:Yes,Ihave.It’sasci-fifilmandthetrailerlooksamazing!Q:Whattypeofmoviearetheytalkingabout?A:Acomedyfilm

B:Asci-fifilm

C:Ahorrorfilm

D:AromanticfilmAnswer:B

Explanation:Intheconversation,thewomanspecificallymentionsthatthemovieisasci-fifilm,makingoptionBthecorrectanswer.13、Listentotheconversationandchoosethebestanswertothequestion.Question:Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?Buyabook.Returnabook.Borrowabook.Answer:B)Returnabook.Explanation:Intheconversation,themansays,“I’dliketoreturnthisbook,please.”Thisclearlyindicatesthathewantstoreturnabook,makingoptionBthecorrectanswer.14、Listentotheshortpassageandanswerthefollowingquestion.Question:WhendoesthelibrarycloseonFridays?At5:00pm.At6:00pm.At7:00pm.Answer:A)At5:00pm.Explanation:Theshortpassagestates,“Thelibraryisopenfrom9:00amto5:00pmonweekdays,includingFridays.”Thisdirectlyanswersthequestionbystatingthatthelibraryclosesat5:00pmonFridays,makingoptionAthecorrectanswer.15、Listentotheconversationbetweentwostudentsabouttheirweekendplans.Whatactivitydoestheboysuggesttheydotogether?A.Gotothemovies.B.Playbasketballatthepark.C.Studyfortheupcomingexams.CorrectAnswer:B.Playbasketballatthepark.Explanation:Intheconversation,theboymentionsthattheweatherforecastpredictssunnyweatherfortheweekend,andhesuggeststakingadvantageofitbygoingtotheparktoplaybasketball,whichtheybothenjoy.16、Inthedialogue,howdoesthegirlrespondtotheboy’ssuggestion?A.Sheagreesenthusiastically.B.Shedeclinesbecauseshehasotherplans.C.Shesuggestsadifferentactivity.CorrectAnswer:A.Sheagreesenthusiastically.Explanation:Thegirlrespondspositivelytotheideaofplayingbasketball,sayingshewouldlovetogoandthatitsoundslikeagreatwaytospendtheweekend.Hertoneindicatesenthusiasmfortheplan.17.Youarelisteningtoaconversationbetweentwostudents,SarahandTom,discussingtheirweekendplans.Sarah:Tom,haveyouthoughtaboutwhatyou’regoingtodothisweekend?Tom:Yeah,Iwasactuallythinkingofgoinghiking.Howaboutyou?Sarah:Thatsoundsgreat!I’veneverbeenhikingbefore.Wheredoyouplantogo?Tom:IwasthinkingofgoingtotheBlueRidgeMountains.It’ssupposedtobebeautifulthistimeofyear.Sarah:Wow,thatsoundsamazing!I’dlovetojoinyou.Tom:Sure,you’rewelcome.Wecanmakeitafunadventure.Question:WhatisTomplanningtodothisweekend?

A)Gohiking

B)Gocamping

C)Gofishing

D)GoskiingAnswer:A)Gohiking解析：ThisquestionisaskingaboutTom’sweekendplan.Intheconversation,Tomsays,“Iwasactuallythinkingofgoinghiking,”whichindicatesthatheplanstogohiking.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisA)Gohiking.18.Youarelisteningtoaweatherreportontheradio.Anchor:Goodafternoon,everyone.Here’stheweatherforecastforthenextfewdays.“Thetemperaturewillbeinthelow70sFahrenheitduringtheday,withovernighttemperaturesdroppingintothe50s.TherewillbeachanceofscatteredshowersonSaturday,especiallyinthelateafternoonandearlyevening.Sundaylookstobemostlysunnywithahighof72degrees.ByMonday,theweathershouldbeclear,withtemperaturesinthemid-60s.”Question:WhatwilltheweatherbelikeonSaturday?

A)Sunnyallday

B)Rainyallday

C)Partlycloudywithscatteredshowers

D)SnowywithstrongwindsAnswer:C)Partlycloudywithscatteredshowers解析：ThequestionasksabouttheweatheronSaturday.Accordingtotheweatherreport,“TherewillbeachanceofscatteredshowersonSaturday,especiallyinthelateafternoonandearlyevening.”Thisindicatesthattheweatherwillbepartlycloudywithscatteredshowers,makingC)thecorrectanswer.19、Whatdoestheboywanttodoafterhefinisheshishomework?A.Gotothemovieswithhisfriends.B.Playvideogames.C.Readabook.D.Helphismothercookdinner.CorrectAnswer:BExplanation:Intheconversation,theboymentionsthathehasbeenlookingforwardtoplayingthenewgamehegotassoonashe’sdonewithhishomework.Thisindicatesthathispreferredactivityafterfinishinghisworkistoplayvideogames.20、Whycan’tthegirlattendthepartyonSaturdaynight?A.Shehastostudyforanimportanttest.B.Shedoesn’thaveanythingnicetowear.C.Herparentswon’tallowhertogoout.D.Sheisnotfeelingwell.CorrectAnswer:AExplanation:Duringthedialogue,thegirlexplainsthatshehasabigscienceexamonMondayandsheneedstospendallhertimepreparingforit.Thus,studyingtakesprecedenceoverattendingtheparty.二、閱讀理解（30分）ReadingComprehensionPassage:InthesmallcoastaltownofSeabreeze,thelocallibraryhasalwaysbeenahubofcommunityactivity.Thelibrary,whichwasbuiltinthe1930s,isacharming,woodenstructurewithawraparoundporch.EveryWednesdayafternoon,thelibraryhostsastorytimeforchildren,whichhasbecomeabelovedtraditioninthetown.Lastyear,thelibraryfacedamajorchallengewhenastormcausedsignificantdamagetotheroof.Thetown’sresidentscametogethertoraisefundsforrepairs,andsoonenough,thelibrarywasbacktoitsformerglory.ThestoryoftheSeabreezeLibrary’sresilienceinspiredmany,anditwasfeaturedinalocalnewspaper.Thelibrary’sdirector,Mrs.

Thompson,hasbeenwiththelibraryforover30years.Sheispassionateaboutreadingandensuringthateverychildinthetownhasaccesstobooks.Mrs.

Thompsonoftenorganizesspecialevents,suchasbookfairsandauthorvisits,toencouragereadingamongtheyouth.OneofthemostpopulareventsistheannualSeabreezeBookFestival,whichtakesplaceinthespring.Thefestivalfeaturesauthorsfromalloverthecountry,workshops,andactivitiesforchildren.Itisatimewhenthecommunitycomestogethertocelebratethejoyofreading.Questions:1.WhateventhappenseveryWednesdayafternoonattheSeabreezeLibrary?A.TheSeabreezeBookFestivalB.AbookfairC.StorytimeforchildrenD.Anauthorvisit2.HowdidtheresidentsofSeabreezehelprepairthelibraryafterthestorm?A.TheyheldabooksaleB.TheyorganizedacharityrunC.TheycontributedmoneythroughalocalnewspaperD.Theyvolunteeredtohelpwiththerepairs3.WhatisMrs.

Thompson’sroleattheSeabreezeLibrary?A.SheistheauthorofthebookfeaturedattheSeabreezeBookFestival.B.Sheistheheadlibrarianandhasbeenwiththelibraryfor30years.C.Sheisthecoordinatorofthestorytimeforchildren.D.SheisafrequentvisitortothelibraryduringtheSeabreezeBookFestival.Answers:1.C2.C3.B三、完型填空（15分）PartIII:ClozeTest(OneQuestion)Directions:Forthispart,thereisonepassagewithfiveblanks.ChoosethebestwordforeachblankfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.Passage:Lastsummer,myfamilyandIwentcampinginthecountryside.Wechoseaspotneartheriver,wherewecouldseemountainsinthedistanceandhearthesoundofwaterflowingovertherocks.Itwasabeautifulsight.Aftersettingupourtent,westartedacampfiretocookdinner.Thekidsweresoexcitedtoroastmarshmallowsandtellstories.Suddenly,alightrainbegantofall,butitdidn’tdampenourspirits.Instead,wesangsongsandlaugheduntilitwastimeto1.Crawlingintooursleepingbags,welistenedtothepitter-patterofraindropsonthetentroof,whichmadeusfeelevenmore2.Thenextmorning,wewokeupearlytothesmelloffreshcoffeeandbaconcookingoverthefire.Dadhadgottenupbeforedawntostartbreakfast.MomandItooktheopportunitytogoforashorthikewhilethekidshelpeddadwithbreakfast.Theairwascrispandclean,andthebirds’chirpingfilledthesilence.Wewereamazedbythebeautyofnature.Uponourreturn,weallsatdowntogethertoenjoythedeliciousmeal.Beforeweknewit,itwasalreadytimetopackupandheadhome.Althoughthetripwasshort,itwasfullofjoyandmemoriesthatwilllastalifetime.Wepromisedtodoitagainsoon,asspendingtimetogetherinsucha3placewastruly4.()1.A.turnaroundB.turnoffC.turnoverD.turnup()2.A.uncomfortableB.uneasyC.cozyD.annoyed()3.A.crowdedB.noisyC.peacefulD.polluted()4.A.unforgettableB.forgettableC.predictableD.imaginableAnswers:1.B.turnoff2.C.cozy3.C.peaceful4.A.unforgettable請(qǐng)按照您的需求使用上述題目，并根據(jù)實(shí)際教學(xué)情況適當(dāng)調(diào)整難度。四、語(yǔ)法填空題（本大題有10小題，每小題1分，共10分）1、Inordertokeeptheenvironmentclean,weshould__________(1)____________litterontheground.A.throwB.throwsC.throwingD.thrown答案：A

解析：此題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，我們需要一個(gè)動(dòng)詞原形作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)。選項(xiàng)A“throw”是動(dòng)詞原形，符合題意。2、Ifyou__________(1)____________achancetotravelaroundtheworld,whatwouldyouliketosee?A.hadB.haveC.havehadD.willhave答案：A

解析：此題考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，我們可以判斷出這是一個(gè)表示與現(xiàn)實(shí)相反的虛擬條件句。在這種句子中，條件從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用would/could/might/should+動(dòng)詞原形。選項(xiàng)A“had”符合這個(gè)要求，因此是正確答案。3.Theboy,___________alwayshelpsothers,willberewardedforhiskindness.A.whoiskindB.kindasheisC.beingkindD.kindsAnswer:BExplanation:ThecorrectanswerisB.“Kindasheis”isaphrasethatmeans“eventhoughheiskind.”It’susedtoemphasizeacharacteristicofthesubject.Theotheroptionsdonotconveythesamemeaningoraregrammaticallyincorrectinthiscontext.4.She________(be)happywhenshereceivedthenewsthatshehadbeenacceptedintoherdreamuniversity.A.wasB.isC.havebeenD.hadbeenAnswer:AExplanation:ThecorrectanswerisA.“was”isusedtodescribeapaststateofbeinghappyataspecificpointintime,whichisindicatedbythepasttenseof“received.”Theotheroptionsarenotappropriatebecause“is”ispresenttense,“havebeen”ispresentperfect,and“hadbeen”ispastperfect,noneofwhichaccuratelydescribethemomentofreceivingthenews.5、Thesunrisesinthe________(east)andsetsinthe________(west).A./;/B./;westC.east;/D.east;westAnswer:DExplanation:Inthissentence,thefirstblankisfilledwith“east”asitisthepropernounrepresentingthedirection.Thesecondblankisfilledwith“west”asitisalsoapropernounrepresentingthedirection.Therefore,“east”and“west”arecorrectwithouttheneedforarticles.6、Ifyou________(be)morecareful,youwouldn’thavemadesomanymistakes.A.wereB.amC.wasD.isAnswer:AExplanation:Inthissentence,theconditionalformofthesentenceisusedtoexpressapastpossibility.Thecorrectformoftheconditionalis“if+pastperfect,wouldhave+pastparticiple.”Therefore,thecorrectansweris“were”asitisthepasttenseof“be”usedinthepastperfectform.7.Theteacher,__________intheclassroom,ispreparingforthenextlesson.A.standingB.standsC.stoodD.stoodupAnswer:AExplanation:Thecorrectansweris“standing”becauseitisusedasapresentcontinuoustensetodescribeanactionthatiscurrentlyhappening.Thesubject“Theteacher”isinthepresentcontinuousform“isstanding,”indicatingthattheteacheriscurrentlystandingintheclassroom.8.IfI__________moretime,Icouldfinishtheworkontime.A.haveB.hadC.havehadD.hadhadAnswer:BExplanation:Thecorrectansweris“had”becausethesentenceisintheconditionalperfecttense,whichisusedtoexpressaconditionthatwastrueinthepastbutisnottruenow.“IfIhadmoretime”isaconditionalstatementthatsuggestsahypotheticalsituationwherethespeakerwouldhavehadmoretimeinthepasttofinishtheworkontime.9.Thestudentswereexcitedabouttheupcomingtriptothezoo,astheyhadneverbeentherebefore.Theywerelookingforwardtoseeingthe___________(9)_________animalsandlearningabouttheirhabitats.A.diverseB.variousC.numerousD.differentAnswer:A

Explanation:Thecorrectansweris“diverse”becauseitemphasizesthewiderangeofdifferentanimals.“Diverse”meanshavingagreatvariety,whichfitsthecontextofthesentence.“Various”alsomeanshavingarangeofdifferentthings,but“diverse”ismoreappropriatewhenreferringtoawidevarietyoflivingthings.10.IfyouwanttoimproveyourEnglish,it’simportanttopracticespeakingandlisteningaswellasreadingandwriting.Bydoingso,youcanbecomemore___________(10)_________inthelanguage.A.confidentB.skilledC.knowledgeableD.proficientAnswer:D

Explanation:Thecorrectansweris“proficient,”whichmeanshavingahighdegreeofcompetenceorskillinaparticulararea.SincethecontextisaboutimprovingEnglishlanguageskills,“proficient”bestdescribesthedesiredlevelofability.“Confident,”“skilled,”and“knowledgeable”arealsopositivequalitiesbutdonotcapturethefullmeaningofbeinghighlycompetentinusingalanguage.五、簡(jiǎn)答題（本大題有5小題，每小題2分，共10分）1、WhatarethemaindifferencesbetweenasimplepresenttenseandapresentcontinuoustenseinEnglish?答案：1.Thesimplepresenttenseisusedtodescribehabits,generaltruths,andunchangingfacts.Forexample:“Thesunrisesintheeast.”2.Thepresentcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeactionsthatarehappeningatthemomentofspeakingorongoingactions.Forexample:“Iamreadingabook.”解析：Thesimplepresenttenseandthepresentcontinuoustensearebothusedtotalkaboutactionsorstatesinthepresent,buttheyconveydifferentmeanings.Thesimplepresenttenseismoreabouttheregularityorthefactthatsomethingistrue,whilethepresentcontinuoustenseemphasizesthetemporarynatureoftheactionorthefactthattheactionisinprogressatthetimeofspeaking.2、HowdoyouformthepastsimpletensefromregularandirregularverbsinEnglish?答案：1.Forregularverbs,dropthe“ed”endingandaddthepastsimpleform.Forexample:“work”becomes“worked.”2.Forirregularverbs,youneedtomemorizethepastsimpleforms.Examplesinclude:“go”becomes“went,”“have”becomes“had,”“be”becomes“was/were,”and“do”becomes“did.”解析：FormingthepastsimpletenseinEnglishinvolvesdifferentrulesforregularandirregularverbs.Regularverbsfollowaconsistentpatternwhereyouremovethe“-ed”endingandaddthe“-ed”suffixtothebaseformoftheverb.Irregularverbs,however,donotfollowthispatternandhaveuniquepastsimpleformsthatmustbememorized.Thisisbecauseirregularverbsdonotchangetheirformsinthesamewayasregularverbsdo.3、WhatarethemaindifferencesbetweenthepresentperfectandthepresentperfectcontinuoustenseinEnglishgrammar?Answer:Themaindifferencesbetweenthepresentperfectandthepresentperfectcontinuoustenseareasfollows:1.Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeactionsorstatesthatstartedinthepastandcontinuetothepresent,orthatarerelevanttothepresent.Itdoesnotspecifywhentheactionorstatestarted.2.Thepresentperfectcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeactionsorstatesthatstartedinthepast,arestillcontinuing,andmaycontinueintothefuture.Itemphasizestheongoingnatureoftheactionorstate.Explanation:Thepresentperfecttenseisformedwiththeauxiliaryverb“have”(or“has”forthirdpersonsingular)followedbythepastparticipleformofthemainverb.Forexample:“Ihavelivedinthiscityfortenyears.”Thepresentperfectcontinuoustenseisformedwiththeauxiliaryverb“have”(or“has”)followedby“been”andthepresentparticipleformofthemainverb.Forexample:“Ihavebeenlivinginthiscityfortenyears.”Thecontinuousaspectinthepresentperfectcontinuoustenseaddstheelementofongoingnesstotheactionorstate.4、HowcanyoudifferentiatebetweenthegerundandtheinfinitiveinEnglishgrammar?Answer:Thegerundandtheinfinitivearetwonon-finiteformsofverbsinEnglish,andtheyhavedifferentfunctionsanduses.Themaindifferencesare:1.Thegerundfunctionsasanounandcanactasthesubject,object,orcomplementinasentence.Forexample:“Readingismyfavoritehobby.”2.Theinfinitivefunctionsasaverbandcanactasthesubject,object,orpredicatenominative.Forexample:“Tobehappyismygoal.”Explanation:Thegerundisformedbyadding“-ing”tothebaseformoftheverb.Itisusedwhenthefocusisontheactivityitself.Forexample:“Swimmingisagoodexercise.”Theinfinitiveisformedbyusingthebaseformoftheverbfollowedby“to.”Itisusedwhenthefocusisontheactionitself.Forexample:“Toswimisfun.”Inthegivenexamples,“Reading”and“Swimming”aregerundsactingassubjects,while“Tobe”and“Toswim”areinfinitivesactingasthepredicatenominative.5、Whatarethemaindifferencesbetweenthepresentsimpleandthepresentcontinuoustense?Answer:1.Thepresentsimpleisusedtotalkabouthabits,generaltruths,andunchangingsituations.2.Thepresentcontinuoustenseisusedtotalkaboutactionshappeningatthemomentofspeakingorcurren