新教材2024年高中英語本冊綜合學(xué)業(yè)質(zhì)量檢測新人教版選擇性必修第四冊

本冊綜合學(xué)業(yè)質(zhì)量檢測選擇題部分第一部分：聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1．Whatwillthemandonext？__B__A．Makeacall. B．Findapen. C．Writedowntheaddress.2．WhatisTVStar？__B__A．ATVprogram. B．Amagazine. C．Anewspaper.3．Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace？__C__A．Intheplayground. B．Intheschool. C．Athome.4．HowwillthespeakersgotoVancouver？__B__A．Bycar. B．Bytrain. C．Byplane.5．Howmuchdoesthewomanspendinall？__B__A．30dollars. B．55dollars. C．65dollars.其次節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6和第7兩個小題。6．Whatisthethemeoftheshownextmonth？__B__A．Nature. B．Travelling. C．Interest.7．Whatdothespeakersstillneedtochoosefortheshow？__C__A．Theinterestingcountries.B．Thenaturalwonders.C．Thespecificnationalparks.聽第7段材料，回答第8至第10三個小題。8．Whatdoesthemandobest？__A__A．Takepictures. B．Hostweddings. C．Reportnews.9．Whatdoesthemanthinkofhisjob？__A__A．Interestingbuthard.B．Tiringbutwellpaid.C．Challenginganddangerous.10．Whatdoesthemando？__B__A．Afashionphotographer.B．Asportsphotographer.C．Awildlifephotographer.聽第8段材料，回答第11至第13三個小題。11．WhenwillEmmaperform？__C__A．InlateAugust. B．Inmid-July. C．InearlyJune.12．WherewillEmmateachatamusiccamp？__A__A．InChicago. B．InTexas. C．InCalifornia.13．WhatwillEmmadoinFlorida？__A__A．Raisemoneyfororphans.B．Haveavacationweek.C．Organizeamusicconcert.聽第9段材料，回答第14至第16三個小題。14．Wheredoesthemanlive？__C__A．InSeattle. B．InChicago. C．InNewYork.15．Whathasthemanlost？__A__A．Hispassport. B．Hiscreditcard. C．Hisdriver’slicense.16．Whatwillthemanhavetodo？__C__A．PreparesomeformofID．B．Findaphotocopyofhispassport.C．Haveanextrasecurityscreening.聽第10段材料，回答第17至第20四個小題。17．WhereisArcticterns’breedingplace？__B__A．IntheIndianOcean.B．IntheFarneIslands.C．IntheCapeofGoodHope.18．WhenwillArcticternsreachtheirdestination？__C__A．InMarch. B．InJuly. C．InNovember.19．Wheredoesthebar-tailedgodwitfly？__B__A．ToAfrica. B．ToNewZealand. C．TotheAntarctica.20．Whodothelongestmammaljourney？__A__A．Whales. B．Dragonflies. C．Leatherbackturtles.聽力原文Text1W：Whydon’tyougivemeacalltonight?M：I’lldothat.Waitamoment.I’llgetapentowritedownyournewnumber.Text2M：TVStarisoutthisweekwithanewlook,butstillpackedwithallyourfavoritestories,newsandamazingfamouspersonpictures.W：Really?I’llbuyoneeveryweek.Text3W：Wheredidyougothisafternoon?Iwastryingtotalktoyouaboutyourhomework.M：IwenttotheschoolplaygroundandmadeabigsnowmanwithJohn.W：Hmm,youshouldhavereadatthattimeathome.Text4W：IprefertogotoVancouverbyair,butIsupposeyouwanttodriveourcar.M：Itissolongajourney.ThebestwaytovisitCanadaistakingthetrain,andwecanenjoytheviewalongtheway.W：Soundsreasonable.Text5W：HowmucharetheseT-shirts?M：They’re30dollarseach,butifyoubuytwoyoucanhave5dollarsoff.W：Allright.Givemetwo.Text6M：Weneedagoodidesfortheshownextmonth.Iwanttosharesomeplacestotravel.W：Howaboutnationalparks?M：Goodidea.Theyattractmanyvisitors.W：That’sbecausethey’resuchbeautifulareas.M：Weshouldalsotalkaboutsavingnaturalplaces!Thatwillbeaninterestingprogram!Peoplearereallyproudoftheparksintheircountries.W：That’sbecausenationalparkshavemanynaturalwondersinthem.M：Yes.Andthoseareoftenfoundnowhereelse.W：Peopleworkhardtopreservethem.That’sanothergoodstory.Allright,Greg.Wehavealotofgoodideasnow.M：Butwestillneedtochoosesomeparkstotalkabout!Text7W：Jackson!Iknowthatyou’reaphotographer.Youmustenjoytakingphotos.M：Ido!It’swhatIdobest.W：Thereareallkindsofphotographers,aren’tthere?M：Yes.Somephotographerstakephotosofimportantmomentsatweddings.Otherstakephotosofclothingandfashionitems.W：Sothereareweddingphotographersandfashionphotographers.Therearealsonewsphotographers.M：Right.Theytakephotosofpeopleandeventsinthenews.W：Whataboutwildlifephotographers?M：Theyhavetofindcreaturesinthewildandtakepicturesofthem.Thattakessomeluck.W：Sowhatkindofphotographerareyou,Jackson?M：I’masportsphotographer.Igotoalotofsportsevents.Ilovemyjob,butit’snoteasy!Text8M：Helloandwelcometo“TheMusic”！Today,theCalifornia’smusicianEmmawillbejoiningushere!Hi.Thankyouforcomingontheshow,Emma.W：Ofcourse.It’sgreattobehere.M：Now,Emma,let’stalkaboutyourschedule.W：Sure.Well,inearlyJune,I’llbeperformingatseveralplacesacrossAustin,Texas.M：That’smyvacationweek.Icanmeetyouthere!Wecantourthecity.Wecanhavelunch.W：Um,yeah,maybe.Theninmid-July,I’mgoingtobeteachingatamusiccampinChicago.M：I’llbevisitingmysisterthen.SheonlylivesaboutsixhoursfromChicago!Icoulddrivethere.Wecouldhangout.W：Yeah,maybe.AndinlateAugust,IwilljoininanactivitytoraisemoneyfortheorphansinFlorida.Youknow,maybenowisagoodtimeforsomemusic.M：That’sagreatidea.Now,let’shearasongfromEmma!Text9W：Whereareyouflyingtoday,sir?M：FromSeattletoChicago,thencontinuetoNewYork.W：OK.MayIseeyourpassport?M：Onesecond.Oh..It’sgottabeheresomewhere.Hangon,maybeit’sinmybag.W：Takeyourtime.M：Shoot…IthinkIlostit!W：Staycalm,sir.Thishappensmoreoftenthanyouwouldthink.M：I’vegottocatchthisflight!W：OK,doyouhaveanyotherformofidentification?YoucanflywithintheUSwithoutapassportaslongasyouhavesomeformofID．M：Ihaveaphotocopyofmypassport.Oh,andhere’smydriver’slicense.W：Great.Wasthisaround-tripbooking?M：Yeah,I’mjustheadinghome.W：Letmelookthisup.Itsaysyoupaidwithacreditcard.Doyouhavethatcardwithyou?M：Ididn’tlosethat!It’srighthere.W：Wonderful.Weshouldbeabletogetyouonboard.However.you’llrequireanextrasecurityscreening.M：Thankyousomuch!Text10W：WithasmallbirdfromtheFarneIslandsoffNorthumberland,Englandhasclockedupthelongestmigrationeverrecorded.TheArctictern’sjourneytotheAntarcticaandbackclockedup59，650miles,morethantwicethecircumferenceoftheplanet.Thebird,whichweighsjust100g,leftitsbreedinggroundsinlateJulyandflewdownthewestcoastofAfrica,roundedtheCapeofGoodHopeintotheIndianOceanandarrivedintheAntarcticainNovember.AndtheywillpreparetheirreturnjourneyinMarcheveryyear.“It’sreallyquiteawesometoseethesetinybirdsreturnwhenyouconsiderthelongdistancesthey’vehadtotravelandhowthey’vebattledtosurvive，”saidRichardBevan.Thebirdssurvivefromthevastjourneybydippingtotheseasurfacetocatchfishandotherfoodastheytravel.“Theyliveinthefastlaneallthetime,constantlyonthemove，”saidBevan.“Theyhavetoflapallthetime.Itisanincrediblyenergeticlifestyle.”Arcticternsperformthelongestmigrationsbutanotherbird,thebar-tailedgodwit,completesitsmarathonfromtheArctictoNewZealandineightdaysstraight,withoutstoppingtofeed.Whalesdothelongestmammalmigrationsandleatherbackturtlesandsomedragonfliesalsotravelover9，321miles.其次部分：閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ANeedaJobThisSummer?Theprovincialgovernmentanditspartnersoffermanyprogrammestohelpstudentsfindsummerjobs.Thedeadlinesandwhatyouneedtoapplydependontheprogramme.Notastudent？Gotothegovernmentwebsitetolearnaboutprogrammesandonlinetoolsavailabletohelppeopleunder30buildskills,findajoborstartbusinessesallyearround.JobsforYouthIfyouareateenagerlivingincertainpartsoftheprovince,youcouldbeeligible(符合條件的)forthisprogramme,whichprovideseightweeksofpaidemploymentalongwithtraining.Whoiseligible：Youthaged15—18inselectcommunities.SummerCompanySummerCompanyprovidesstudentswithhands-onbusinesstrainingandawardsofupto$3，000tostartandruntheirownsummerbusinesses.Whoiseligible：Studentsaged15—29,returningtoschoolinthefall.StewardshipYouthRangerProgrammeYoucouldapplytobeaStewardshipYouthRangerandworkonlocalnaturalresourcemanagementprojectsforeightweeksthissummer.Whoiseligible：Studentsaged16or17attimeofhire,butnotturning18beforeDecember31thisyear.SummerEmploymentOpportunitiesThroughtheSummerEmploymentOpportunitiesprogramme,studentsarehiredeachyearinavarietyofsummerpositionsacrosstheProvincialPublicService,itsrelatedagenciesandcommunitygroups.Whoiseligible：Studentsaged15orolder.Somepositionsrequirestudentstobe15to24orupto29forpeoplewithadisability.文章大意：本文是一篇廣告類應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了四個可以幫學(xué)生找到暑期工作的項目。21．WhatisspecialaboutSummerCompany？__B__A．Itrequiresnotrainingbeforeemployment.B．Itprovidesawardsforrunningnewbusinesses.C．Itallowsonetoworkinthenaturalenvironment.D．Itoffersmoresummerjobopportunities.解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)題干中的項目名稱定位到SummerCompany部分，由該部分第一句中提到的“awardsofupto$3，000tostartandruntheirownsummerbusinesses”可知，該項目為學(xué)生供應(yīng)高達3，000美元的嘉獎，讓他們啟動并經(jīng)營自己的暑期公司。本題的線索詞為awards與runtheirownsummerbusinesses。因此，B項(它為經(jīng)營新公司供應(yīng)嘉獎。)符合題意。故選B。22．WhatistheagerangerequiredbyStewardshipYouthRangerProgramme？__D__A．15—18． B．15—24．C．15—29． D．16—17．解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)題干中的項目名稱定位到StewardshipYouthRangerProgramme部分，由其中的“Whoiseligible：Studentsaged16or17attimeofhire,butnotturning18beforeDecember31thisyear.”可知，這一項目對學(xué)生的年齡要求是：受聘時年滿16或17歲，但在當(dāng)年12月31日前不滿18歲。即聘用學(xué)生的年齡為16至17歲。故選D。23．Whichprogrammefavoursthedisabled？__D__A．JobsforYouth.B．SummerCompany.C．StewardshipYouthRangerProgramme.D．SummerEmploymentOpportunities.解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)題干中的thedisabled定位到SummerEmploymentOpportunities部分的最終一句“Somepositionsrequirestudentstobe15to24orupto29forpeoplewithadisability.”可知，SummerEmploymentOpportunities面對15至24歲的學(xué)生或15至29歲的殘疾人士開放。故選D。BIntheearlyhoursofthemorning,GaryMillerwasinhistruck,travellingdowntheroadalonetodeliver.Everythingseemedcalm.Butwiththesoundofafiresiren(警笛)cuttingthroughthewind,hebecamealarmed.Miller，atruckerbytrade,hasbeenavolunteerfirefighterfor40years.Thatloud,sharpsirenassuredhimthathelpwasontheway.Mostpeopleneverrealisethatthishelpisoftenacrewofvolunteerfirefighters.Theymakeup70percentofthecountry’snearly1.2millionfirefighters.“WhenIwasateenagertherewouldbemanywhoresponded.About20peoplewerecomingintothevoluntaryfirestationwhenanalarmwentoff，”Millerlaughed.Butnow,athis54,thatmemoryisalmostironic(諷刺的)tohim.Whenacallcomesin,hisstationmightgetonlythreeorfourpeopleresponding.Hesaid，“Peopledon’twantto，orrather,theydon’thavetimetovolunteer.”Adults’burdenshavebecomegreater.Thereisn’tasmuchtimeleftforvolunteeringwhenmostpeoplerelyonatwo-incomehouseholdnowmorethanever.Firefightersfacefarmorethanwhatweimagine.Theemotionalstressonafirefighterstandsout.“We’reaskedtohelpsomeoneattheirmostvulnerable(易受傷的)time.Butwecan’talwayssavethedaylikewehopeto，”Millerreflectedonacaseyearsago.“Amother’scarwashithard,andshehadtwochildreninthebackseat.”Bythetimehearrivedonthescene,therewasn’tmuchtobedone.“OnechilddiedinmyarmsandIfeltsodefeated.”Alongwiththeemotionalstress,thephysicaldangerisjustasgreat.Evenwiththeprogressofequipmentandnewtraining,that’sstillnotalwaysenoughtosaveafirefighter’slife.In2016，60firefightersdiedinthelineofduty.“Whenyourespond,youneverknowifitistobeyourlast，”Millersaid.“Andthat’sjustariskwetake.”Millercontinued，“It’sdangerous.Butit’salsothemostrewardingthingI’veeverdone.”文章大意：本文是一篇記敘文。加里·米勒是一名志愿消防隊員。如今，不斷增加的負擔(dān)使志愿消防隊員不斷削減。但米勒覺得成為志愿消防員是他做過最有意義的事。24．WhatwasGaryMillerdoingwhenthefiresirensoundedthatmorning？__B__A．Hewasoffduty.B．Hewasdoingthedailyroutine.C．Hewasonthewaytorescue.D．Hewasdrivingtothefirestation.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段前兩句可知，早晨時分，加里·米勒一個人開車去送貨，一切好像都很安靜。由此可知，那天早上火災(zāi)警報響起時，加里·米勒正在做日常工作。故選B。25．WhyisthememoryoftheearlytimeironictoMiller？__D__A．Manyofhiscrewlosttheirlives.B．Henolongerservesthefirestation.C．Firefightingisnotanappealingjobanymore.D．Fewerpeoplewanttobevolunteerfirefighters.解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段的內(nèi)容可知，之所以早期的記憶對米勒來說是諷刺的，是因為之前有70%的消防員是志愿消防員，而如今想成為志愿消防員的人越來越少。故選D。26．Whatmainlycausesthenumberofvolunteerfirefighterstodrop？__C__A．Thechallengingtask. B．Theemotionalstress.C．Theincreasingburden. D．Thepossibledanger.解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中的“Adults’burdenshavebecomegreater.Thereisn’tasmuchtimeleftforvolunteeringwhenmostpeoplerelyonatwo-incomehouseholdnowmorethanever.”可知，不斷增加的負擔(dān)是導(dǎo)致志愿消防員數(shù)量下降的主要緣由。故選C。27．WhatdoesbeingavolunteerfirefightermeantoMiller？__A__A．Aworthwhileexperience. B．Awaytomakealiving.C．Anironicmemory. D．Ariskyadventure.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中的“It’sdangerous.Butit’salsothemostrewardingthingI’veeverdone.”可知，米勒覺得成為志愿消防員是他做過最有意義的事。故選A。C(2024·山東淄博高二期末)Ninety-sevenpercentoftheearth’swaterisocean.Noblue,nogreen.Ifyouthinktheoceanisn’timportant,imaginetheearthwithoutit.Fiftyyearsago,whenIbeganexploringtheocean,noonerealisedthatwehumanbeingscoulddoanythingtoharmtheocean.Forme,asawomanscientist,itallbeganin1953whenIfirsttrieddiving.In1979,byusingasubmersible(潛水器),Ihadachancetoreachtheoceanfloorwhichwassixmilesoffshoreand1，250feetdown.Sincethen，I’veusedabout30kindsofsubmarines.Weneednewdeep-divingsubmersibles.Weneedtoseetheunderseamountainsandunderstandlifeinthedeepsea.Exploringandprotectingthewildoceanismybigwish.What’sworryingusisthatanice-freeArcticOceanmayhappeninthiscentury.That’sbadnewsforpolarbears.AdditionalCO2isnotonlydrivingglobalwarming,butalsochangingoceanchemistry,makingtheseamoreacidic.That’sbadnewsforcoralreefsandoxygen-producingplankton.Actually,nearlyhalfofthecoralreefshavedisappeared.We’reputtinghundredsofmillionsoftonsofplasticandotherrubbishintothesea.We’reblockingtheocean,poisoningtheplanet’scirculatorysystems.Mostoftheturtles,sharks,tunasandwhalesaredowninnumbers.Allofthesearepartofourlifesupportsystem.Healthoftheoceanmeanshealthofus.Iwishwewoulduseallmeans—films,explorations,theweb,newsubmarines—andcampaignstostimulatepublicsupportforoceanprotectedareas.Mywishisabigwish,butifwecanmakeithappen,itcantrulysaveandrestoretheocean,theblueheartoftheplanet.Forthechildrenoftoday,fortomorrow’schildren：Asneveragain,nowisthetime.文章大意：本文是一篇爭論文。文章論述了海洋的重要性，指出如今海洋正在遭遇人類的破壞，作者認為海洋的健康意味著我們的健康，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)共同努力愛護海洋。28．Whydoesthewritersay“Noblue,nogreen.”inthefirstparagraph？__C__A．Totellusthecoloursoftheearth.B．Torefertotheoceanandtheland.C．Toshowtheimportanceoftheocean.D．Toencourageustoexploretheocean.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段中的“Ninety-sevenpercentoftheearth’swaterisocean.Noblue,nogreen.Ifyouthinktheoceanisn’timportant,imaginetheearthwithoutit.”可推知，作者在第一段提到“Noblue,nogreen.”是為了說明海洋的重要性。故選C。29．Whatshouldwedotoprotecttheoceanaccordingtothetext？__A__A．Makejointefforts.B．Savelifesupportsystem.C．Encouragechildrentotakeaction.D．Exploretheoceanbynewtechnology.解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段中的“Iwishwewoulduseallmeans—films,explorations,theweb,newsubmarines—andcampaignstostimulatepublicsupportforoceanprotectedareas.(我希望我們能利用一切手段——電影、探險、網(wǎng)絡(luò)、新潛艇——和各種運動來激發(fā)公眾對海洋愛護區(qū)的支持。)”可知，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)共同努力來愛護海洋。故選A。30．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inthelastparagraphreferto？__D__A．Anarea. B．Acampaign.C．Publicsupport. D．Awish.解析：詞義揣測題。依據(jù)畫線詞所在句“Mywishisabigwish,butifwecanmakeithappen,itcantrulysaveandrestoretheocean”可知，作者認為自己的愿望是一個很大的愿望，但假如我們能實現(xiàn)它，這個愿望就能真正挽救和復(fù)原海洋。故畫線詞it指的是“愿望”。故選D。31．What’sthewriter’sattitudetowardsthecurrentsituationoftheocean？__B__A．Negative. B．Concerned.C．Uncertain. D．Indifferent.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中的“Healthoftheoceanmeanshealthofus.”以及“Forthechildrenoftoday,fortomorrow’schildren：Asneveragain,nowisthetime.”可知，作者在文中論述了海洋的重要性，指出如今海洋正在遭遇人類的破壞，作者認為海洋的健康意味著我們的健康，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)共同努力愛護海洋。由此可推知，作者對海洋的現(xiàn)狀持擔(dān)憂看法。故選B。D(2024·遼寧省試驗中學(xué)高三四模)Asimplepapersensor(傳感器)featuringsmileyandsadfacesdrawninultraviolet-sensitive(UV-sensitive，對紫外線敏感的)inkhasbeenproducedbyresearchersinanattempttokeepussafeinthesun.ScientistssaythedifferentfacialexpressionsappearinsequenceasUVexposureincreases,offeringalow-techwayforpeopletojudgewhenitistimetocoverup.Further,thesensorcanrespondtovaryinglevelsofthedifferentcomponentsofUVradiation.WhileUVAisthoughttocauseskinageingandwrinkles,itismainlyUVBthatcausessunburnandleadstoskincancer.WhileBansalnotedweatherreportsoftencontainaUVindextogiveaguidetothestrengthofUVradiation,itdoesn’ttellpeoplewhethertheyarewithinsafelevelsofexposureatthattime,andit’susuallybasedonthestandardforfairskin.WritinginthejournalNatureCommunications,Bansalandhiscolleaguesdescribedhowtheysoughttohandletheissuebycreatingacheapdevicebasedonphosphomolybdicacid,orPMA．Thissubstanceturnsfromcolourlesstoblueinthepresenceoflacticacid(乳酸)andUVradiation.TheteamthenusedthismixtureoflacticacidandPMAasaninktodrawfourinvisiblefacesonpaper,andusedsometransparentsheetstocreatefilters(濾色片)thatwereputontopofthefaces.ThisallowedtheresearcherstofinelyadjusttheintensityofUVradiationreachingtheinksothatthefacescouldchangecolourinsequenceasexposuretoUVradiationrosefrom25%to50%,then75%,andfinally100%ofa“safe”amount.Byfurtheradjustingthenumberoffiltersforeachofthefourfaces,theteamwereabletoadjustthesystemtoproducedifferentsensorstoworkforsixdifferentskintones,likedark,fairoroliveskin.BansalsaidthatwhilethesedevicesweredesignedusingUVlightinthelaboratory,theyarecurrentlybeingtestedinoutdoorconditions.Theteamhopethatthesensorswillbeonthemarketinayear,costingaboutoneAustraliandollarapiece.文章大意：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一款提示人們留意紫外線輻射的簡易紙質(zhì)傳感器。32．Whatisthemainfunctionofthesimplepapersensor？__D__A．Toencouragepeopletocoverupinfullsun.B．ToinformpeopleoftheharmofUVradiation.C．TotellthedifferencebetweenUVAandUVB．D．ToremindpeopletopayattentiontoUVexposure.解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段的內(nèi)容可知，為了愛護我們在陽光下的平安，探討人員獨創(chuàng)了一種簡易的紙質(zhì)傳感器，用紫外線敏感墨水繪制出笑臉和哀痛的面孔。科學(xué)家們表示，隨著紫外線輻射的增加，不同的面部表情會依次出現(xiàn)，這為人們供應(yīng)了一種低技術(shù)含量的方法來推斷何時該遮住身體。由此可知，這種簡易的紙質(zhì)傳感器的主要功能是提示人們留意紫外線輻射。故選D。33．WhatdoestheauthorintendtodoinParagraph3？__A__A．Explainthenecessityofthesensor.B．PresentthesafelevelofUVexposure.C．Introducetheadvantagesofthesensor.D．ProvidethetipsonpreventingUVradiation.解析：推理推斷題。由文章第三段的內(nèi)容可知，本段指出了天氣預(yù)報中的紫外線指數(shù)存在的不足，它并不能告知人們當(dāng)時他們所受的紫外線輻射是否在平安水平內(nèi)。由此可推想，本段的主要目的是說明這種紙質(zhì)傳感器的必要性。故選A。34．WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout？__B__A．Thematerialsusedinthesensor.B．Theworkingprincipleofthesensor.C．Theinspirationtoinventthesensor.D．Theoperationalmethodofthesensor.解析：主旨大意題。由文章第四段的內(nèi)容可知，班塞爾和他的同事試圖通過制造一種廉價設(shè)備來解決紫外線指數(shù)存在不足的問題。探討小組用乳酸和磷鉬酸的混合物作為墨水在紙上畫了四張看不見的臉，然后用一些透亮薄片制作濾色片，放在這些臉的上面。探討人員通過微調(diào)照耀在墨水上的紫外線輻射強度，當(dāng)紫外線輻射達到“平安”水平的100%時，臉部就會依次變更顏色。由此可知，本段主要敘述的是傳感器的工作原理。故選B。35．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph？__D__A．Thedevicewillcomeontothemarketsoon.B．Differentsensorsadoptdifferentfacialexpressions.C．Thedevicehasfunctionedeffectivelyintheopenair.D．DifferentskintonesrespondtoUVradiationdifferently.解析：推理推斷題。由文章最終一段中的“Byfurtheradjustingthenumberoffiltersforeachofthefourfaces,theteamwereabletoadjustthesystemtoproducedifferentsensorstoworkforsixdifferentskintones,likedark,fairoroliveskin.”(通過進一步調(diào)整四張臉的濾鏡數(shù)量，探討團隊能夠調(diào)整系統(tǒng)制作不同的傳感器，以適應(yīng)六種不同的膚色，比如深色、白皙的或橄欖色的膚色。)可以推想，不同的膚色對紫外線輻射的反應(yīng)是不同的，所以才須要制作不同的傳感器，以適應(yīng)六種不同的膚色。故選D。其次節(jié)：(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Ifyouhaveateenagerwhoisgoingtocollege,youmayhaveconcernabouttheirabilitytodosointheparticularcareerfieldtheyhavechosen.__36．D__Herearefourstepstohelpyouassistyourchildinmakingasuccessfulcareerplan.IdentifyAreasofInterestIfyourteenhasnotyetselectedacollegemajor,askaboutthekindsofcareerstheyhavethoughtabout.Ifyourteenhasalreadyselectedamajor,askwhattheymightliketodowithadegreeinthatfield.__37．E____38．A__Onceyourteenisthinkingaboutaparticulardegree,encouragethemtodiscoverwhatusefulnessthatdegreewillhave.Atthisstageyou’llwanttohelppromotetheexplorationofvariousmajorsandcareerssothatyourteencanhaveagoodideaofwhatopportunitiesmightbeavailabletothem.IncludeaFinancialPartAsyourteenbeginstoidentifyafewpotentialmajorsandcorresponding(相應(yīng)的)careers,enquireabouthowmuchmoneytheywillbeabletomakeinthatcareerfield.__39．G__DevelopaPlan__40．F__Thiswillnecessarilyinvolveselectingacollegeoruniversitythatoffersthedesireddegreeprogrammeanddeterminingtherequirementsforattendingthateducationalinstitution.A．EncourageDiscoveryB．Stimulate(激勵)theThoughtProcessC．Learnaboutthejobstheyhavethoughtabout.D．Whatcanyoudotogetyourteenontherighttrack?E．Thisstepisdesignedtogetthemthinkingabouttheirfuture.F．Youshouldhelpyourteenchoosethebestoptionandmakeaplan.G．Youmayalsowanttohelpyourteengetanideaofhowmuchsalaryisneeded.文章大意：本文是一篇說明文。供應(yīng)了幫助孩子選擇合適的高校以及科學(xué)制訂職業(yè)生涯規(guī)劃的四點建議。解析：36．依據(jù)“Herearefourstepstohelpyouassistyourchildinmakingasuccessfulcareerplan.”可知，下文要介紹的是如何幫助孩子制訂勝利的職業(yè)生涯規(guī)劃。D選項提出相關(guān)問題，符合語境。故選D。37．依據(jù)“Ifyourteenhasalreadyselectedamajor,askwhattheymightliketodowithadegreeinthatfield.”可知，假如你的孩子已經(jīng)選好了專業(yè)，要詢問他們將來打算在擁有該領(lǐng)域的學(xué)位后做什么。E選項進一步說明此舉的目的，符合語境。故選E。38．依據(jù)下文中的“Onceyourteenisthinkingaboutaparticulardegree,encouragethemtodiscoverwhatusefulnessthatdegreewillhave.”可知，要激勵孩子發(fā)覺自己正在考慮的學(xué)位的用處。encourage和discover是關(guān)鍵詞，與A項中的Encourage和Discovery相呼應(yīng)。A選項符合語境，適合作為該段小標題。故選A。39．依據(jù)上文“enquireabouthowmuchmoneytheywillbeabletomakeinthatcareerfield”和段落小標題中的FinancialPart可知，本段供應(yīng)的建議涉及職業(yè)規(guī)劃中的薪酬。G項提到幫助孩子相識到將來自己須要多少薪水，符合語境。故選G。40．依據(jù)本段小標題DevelopaPlan可知，本段是關(guān)于制訂安排的，由關(guān)鍵詞Plan可知應(yīng)選F項。故選F。第三部分：語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每小題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。(2024·全國新高考Ⅰ卷)Mylifeasatax-payingemployedpersonbeganinmiddleschool,when,forthreewholedays，Iworkedinabakingfactory.MybestfriendBetsy’sfatherwasamanageratHoughBakeries,which,atEastertime,__41．C__littlebunny(兔子)cakesforallits__42．A__throughoutCleveland.Ithappenedthattheplantdowntownneededeightkidsfor__43．D__helpduringourspringbreak,forwhichIhadno__44．A__beyondlisteningtomyfavoriterecords.I’d__45．B__minimumwage.I’dseehowafactory__46．A__.MyparentsthoughtallofthiswasagrandideaandcalledBetsy’sdadwiththeir__47．B__.Our__48．C__inthefactoryweresimple：Placecakesonamovingbelt.Attachicing(糖霜)ears.Applyicingeyesandnose.__49．D__bunnyfromthebelt.Thiswas__50．A__thanitsounds.__51．B__abitandthecakespileup.AsItoldmyparentsatdinnerthatfirstnight,itwasallalittlemorehigh-pressurethanI’d__52．C__.Dad__53．B__.Thesonofagrocer,he’dspentthesummersofhischildhood__54．D__foodinBernardsville,NewJersey.Thiswasthesortofworkthatmadeyou__55．D__thedollarsyouearnedandrespectthosewhodidthework,hetoldme.文章大意：本文是一篇記敘文。主要講解并描述了作者上中學(xué)時在一家烘焙廠工作的經(jīng)驗。當(dāng)作者向父母傾訴工作的辛苦時，父親教育作者參加這種工作能夠讓自己重視掙來的錢，也能讓自己學(xué)會敬重那些從事這類工作的人。41．A．sold B．orderedC．made D．reserved解析：依據(jù)設(shè)空處后的“l(fā)ittlebunny(兔子)cakesforallits__42__throughoutCleveland”和下文作者所做的工作可知，此處指這家烘焙廠為克利夫蘭全部的自家商店制作小兔子蛋糕。make意為“制作”，符合語境。sell意為“賣”；order意為“訂購”；reserve意為“預(yù)訂”。故選C。42．A．stores B．familiesC．schools D．citizens解析：依據(jù)常識可知，復(fù)活節(jié)期間，這家烘焙廠應(yīng)是為它的商店制作蛋糕(以供商店售賣)。store意為“商店”，符合語境。family意為“家庭”；school意為“學(xué)?！?；citizen意為“市民”。故選A。43．A．generous B．financialC．technical D．temporary解析：依據(jù)首段的“forthreewholedays”和設(shè)空處后的“duringourspringbreak”可知，此處指烘焙廠須要八個孩子臨時幫忙。temporary意為“臨時的”，符合語境。generous意為“慷慨的”；financial意為“財政的”；technical意為“技術(shù)的”。故選D。44．A．plans B．problemsC．excuses D．hobbies解析：依據(jù)設(shè)空處后的“beyondlisteningtomyfavoriterecords”可知，作者在春假期間除了聽最喜愛的唱片之外沒有其他安排。plan意為“安排”，符合語境。problem意為“問題”；excuse意為“借口”；hobby意為“愛好”。故選A。45．A．offer B．earnC．set D．suggest解析：依據(jù)本句主語Ⅰ和設(shè)空處后的“minimumwage”可知，做這份工作作者會掙到最低工資。earn意為“掙得”，符合語境。offer意為“供應(yīng)”；set意為“設(shè)置”；suggest意為“建議”。故選B。46．A．worked B．closedC．developed D．survived解析：依據(jù)下一段作者對工作流水線的介紹可知，作者將會看到一家工廠是如何運轉(zhuǎn)的。work意為“運轉(zhuǎn)”，符合語境。close意為“關(guān)閉”；develop意為“發(fā)展”；survive意為“幸存”。故選A。47．A．a(chǎn)mbition B．permissionC．experience D．invitation解析：依據(jù)前文的“Myparentsthoughtallofthiswasagrandidea”可知，作者的父母認為讓作者去烘焙廠工作是個不錯的辦法，所以此處是指他們給貝齊的父親打了電話，表示允準此事。permission意為“準許；許可”，符合語境。ambition意為“理想”；experience意為“閱歷”；invitation意為“邀請”。故選B。48．A．joys B．ideasC．roles D．choices解析：依據(jù)后文“Placecakesonamovingbelt.Attachicing(糖霜)ears.Applyicingeyesandnose.__49__bunnyfromthebelt.”這類對詳細工作細微環(huán)節(jié)的描述可知，此處是指作者在烘焙廠中的職責(zé)。role意為“職責(zé)”，符合語境。joy意為“樂趣”；idea意為“辦法”；choice意為“選擇”。故選C。49．A．Save B．KeepC．Stop D．Remove解析：依據(jù)前文的“Placecakesonamovingbelt.”可知，此處是指把成型的小兔子蛋糕從傳送帶上移走。remove意為“移走”，符合語境。save意為“挽救”；keep意為“保持”；stop意為“停止”。故選D。50．A．harder B．betterC．longer D．cheaper解析：依據(jù)前文對工作流程的介紹可知，工作內(nèi)容聽起來特別簡潔；再依據(jù)后文的“__51__abitandthecakespileup.”和“alittlemorehigh-pressure”可知，實際的工作比聽起來更困難。hard意為“困難的；不易的”，符合語境。good意為“好的”；long意為“長的”；cheap意為“便宜的”。故選A。51．A．Calmdown B．SlowdownC．Stayon D．Moveon解析：依據(jù)設(shè)空處后的“thecakespileup”并結(jié)合常識可知，一旦動作慢下來一點，傳送帶上的蛋糕就會積累起來。slowdown意為“慢下來”，符合語境。calmdown意為“冷靜下來”；stayon意為“留下來接著(學(xué)習(xí)、工作等)”；moveon意為“接著前行”。故選B。52．A．indicated B．witnessedC．expected D．remembered解析：依據(jù)設(shè)空處前的“itwasallalittlemorehigh-pressure”可知，作者在工作第一天的晚餐時告知父母她覺得這份工作的壓力比自己預(yù)料中的要大一點。expect意為“預(yù)料”，符合語境。indicate意為“表明”；witness意為“目擊”；remember意為“記得”。故選C。53．A．cried B．smiledC．hesitated D．refused解析：依據(jù)后文的“Thesonofagrocer,he’dspentthesummersofhischildhood__54__foodinBernardsville,NewJersey.”以及父親教給作者的道理可知，此處指父親聽了作者的埋怨后笑了。smile意為“微笑”，符合語境。cry意為“哭”；hesitate意為“遲疑”；refuse意為“拒絕”。故選B。54．A．tasting B．findingC．sharing D．delivering解析：依據(jù)前文的“Thesonofagrocer”可知，作者的父親作為一個食品雜貨商的兒子，他都是在新澤西州的伯納茲維爾送貨來度過兒時的夏天。deliver意為“遞送”，符