河南省新鄉(xiāng)市原陽縣第一高級(jí)中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期開學(xué)英語試題（原卷版）

2024—2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期入學(xué)測(cè)試英語試卷第二部分

閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ABonn&theRhineinFlamesThursday5MaytoMonday9MayArelaxing5-dayrailbreaktoBonn,agreatcityontheRhine.Day1TraveltoBonnTakingamid-morningEurostarfromLondon’sStPancrasstationtoBrusselsMidiinBelgiumwhereweconnectwithanInterCityExpresstraintoCologne.HerewemakeafinalchangeoftrainandtraveltoBonnwhereweenjoya4-nightstayattheIntercityHotel.Day2DrachenfelsCogRailway&aTourofSchlossDrachenburgMorningtram(電車)ridetoKonigswintertotakethefamouscograilwayuptheDrachenfelshill.LaterweheadtoSchlossDrachenburg,builtforthebankerBaronStephanvonSarter.Day3“RheininFlammen”BoatCruise(乘船游覽)＆FireworkShowAfreemorningandearlyafternoontospendexploringBonn,knownasthebirthplaceofLudwigvanBeethoven.Avisittothisworldfamouscomposer’shouseisamust.Fromlateafternoonwetakeaboatcruiseandwatchthebeautifulfireworkshow.Day4WuppertalSchwebebahnWetakeamorningtraintoWuppertalandenjoyareturntripontheSchwebebahnhangingrailway.Therailwayopenedin1901andhasbeeninalmostcontinuousserviceabovethecityeversince.AnimportantpartoftheWuppertaltransportsystem,thistrainismadeevenmoreattractivebythefactthatthewheelsareontheroof!EarlyeveningwereturntoBonn.Day5ReturnHometoLondonAfterbreakfastwetakeamid-morningtrainfromBonnbacktoCologne’smainstation.HerewereturntoLondon.5Daysfrom￡785perPersonPRICEINCLUDES■Allrailtravelasstated■UnlimitedtravelonlocaltransportinBonncityarea■Excursions(游覽)aslisted■Accommodationingood,qualityhotelonabedandbreakfastbasis■ServicesofatourleaderfromLondonandthroughoutthetour1.OnwhichdaywilltouristsvisitthefamouscomposerBeethoven’shouse?A.Day2. B.Day3. C.Day4. D.Day5.2.WhatdoweknowaboutWuppertalSchwebebahn?A.Itopenedin1921. B.Itisahangingrailway.C.Itisalreadyoutofservice. D.ItwasbuiltbyStephanvonSarter.3.Whatdotouristsneedtopayextraforduringthetrip?A.Breakfasts.B.Servicesofatourleader.C.Lunchesandeveningmeals.D.TravelonlocaltransportinBonn.BItwasinabrightly-litroominMexicoCity,Mexico,thatonJune18,2014itwasannouncedthatIndia-bornDrSanjayaRajaramhadbeennamedthewinneroftheWorldFoodPrize.DrRajaramwonthisawardforsuccessfullycrossbreeding(雜交)thewinterandspringwheat(小麥)varieties,whichhavebeentwodistinctandisolatedgenepools(分離的基因庫)sincethebeginningoffarming.Andbecauseofthisbreakthrough,thescientisthasbeenabletobreedover480wheatvarieties.BorninVaranasiin1943,DrRajaramlivedwithhisfamilyoffaplotoflandgrowingwheat,riceandmaize.“AftermyeducationhereinIndia,IwentofftoAustraliaformyPhDandsoonIjoinedCIMMYT(theInternationalMaizeandWheatImprovementCentre)inMexico,wheremycareerasaplantbreederstarted,”saidDrRajaram.“Everycountryisunique—thereareclimatesystems,culture,thefinancialsituationandeachofthenationsIvisitedneededadifferentsetofsolutions,”saidDrRajaram.Hissolutionsbecamepartofwhatiswidelydescribedastheworld’sfirst“wheatnetwork”,aglobalexchangeof

“geneticinformationandinnovationsamongresearchers”.Hisvarietiesofwheatwerestronginnutrition,delayed(延遲)theattackofsomeplantdiseasesandwereabletosurvivetheseverestofconditions.Afternearlyhalfacenturyinthefield,DrRajaramsaidhisworkwasstillnotfinished.“Inscience,youneverstoplearning.IhavebeendoingthisallmylifeandI’veneverreallyhadtimeforanythingelse.Asfarashobbiesgo,well,there’sabitofmusicIliketolistentoandthat’sprettymuchit.Ihavebeenonalongjourneyofpushingtheboundaries(邊界)ofwhat’spossibleandtoday,there’sstillworkleft.Learningmustneverstopandtheworldmustnotgohungry.”4.WhywasDrRajaramawardedtheWorldFoodPrize?A.Heimprovedseveralwheatvarietiesgenetically.B.Hecrossbredthewinterandspringwheatvarieties.C.Hesuccessfullybredtwowheatvarieties.D.Hefoundthedifferencebetweenthewinterandspringwheatvarieties.5.WhendidDrRajaramstarttoworkonplantbreeding?A.DuringhiscollegeyearsinIndia.B.WhiledoinghisPhDinAustralia.C.AfterbecomingamemberofCIMMYTinMexico.D.Whilelivingwithhisfamilynearwheat-growingland.6.WhatisoneadvantageofthewheatvarietiesdevelopedbyDrRajaram?A.Theycanbeplantedinanyseason.B.Theyarefreefromtheattackofsomepantdiseases.C.Theycangrowwellinterribleenvironments.D.Theycangrowtallerthantraditionalones.7.WhatcanwelearnaboutDrRajaramfromthelastparagraph?A.Hewastoobusywithworktodevelopanyhobby.B.Hewasn’tsatisfiedwiththeresultsofhisresearch.C.Heplannedtodoresearchinanewfieldofscience.D.Hemadehismindtoworkonworldfoodproblems.CTheconnectionbetweenpeopleandplantshaslongbeenthesubjectofscientificresearch.Recentstudieshavefoundpositiveeffects.AstudyconductedinYoungstown，Ohio，forexample,discoveredthatgreenerareasofthecityexperiencedlesscrime.Inanother，employeeswereshowntobe15%moreproductivewhentheirworkplacesweredecoratedwithhouseplants.TheengineersattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)havetakenitastepfurtherchangingtheactualcompositionofplantsinordertogetthemtoperformdiverse，evenunusualfunctions.Theseincludeplantsthathavesensorsprintedontotheirleavestoshowwhenthey’reshortofwaterandaplantthatcandetectharmfulchemicalsingroundwater.＂We’rethinkingabouthowwecanengineerplantstoreplacefunctionsofthethingsthatweuseeveryday,＂explainedMichaelStrano,aprofessorofchemicalengineeringatMIT.Oneofhislatestprojectshasbeentomakeplantsglow(發(fā)光)inexperimentsusingsomecommonvegetables.Strano’steamfoundthattheycouldcreateafaintlightforthree-and-a-halfhours.Thelight，aboutone-thousandthoftheamountneededtoreadby，isjustastart.Thetechnology,Stranosaid,couldonedaybeusedtolighttheroomsoreventoturntreesintoself-poweredstreetlamps.Inthefuture，theteamhopestodevelopaversionofthetechnologythatcanbesprayedontoplantleavesinaone-offtreatmentthatwouldlasttheplant’slifetime.Theengineersarealsotryingtodevelopanonandoff＂switch＂wheretheglowwouldfadewhenexposedtodaylight.Lightingaccountsforabout7%ofthetotalelectricityconsumedintheUSSincelightingisoftenfarremovedfromthepowersource(電源)-suchasthedistancefromapowerplanttostreetlampsonaremotehighway-alotofenergyislostduringtransmission(傳輸).Glowingplantscouldreducethisdistanceandthereforehelpsaveenergy.8.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Anewstudyofdifferentplants.B.Abigfallincrimerates.C.Employeesfromvariousworkplaces.D.Benefitsfromgreenplants.9.WhatisthefunctionofthesensorsprintedonplantleavesbyMITengineer?A.Todetectplants’lackofwaterB.TochangecompositionsofplantsC.Tomakethelifeofplantslonger.D.Totestchemicalsinplants.10Whatcanweexpectoftheglowingplantsinthefuture?A.Theywillspeedupenergyproduction.B.Theymaytransmitelectricitytothehome.C.Theymighthelpreduceenergyconsumption.D.Theycouldtaketheplaceofpowerplants.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Canwegrowmoreglowingplants?B.Howdowelivewithglowingplants?C.Couldglowingplantsreplacelamps?D.Howareglowingplantsmadepollution-free?DImagineyou’reatthesupermarketcheckout.Youpaythecashier,loadyourfoodintothecart,thentakeonethirdofyournewlypurchaseditemsoutsideandthrowthemintothetrash.Thismaysoundunbelievable,butmillionsofusworldwidedothisregularly,althoughinamorenon-directway.IntheWest,mostofthisfoodisthrownawaybybusinessesthatareunabletosellit,orbyconsumerswhobuytoomuch.Andthemajorityofthisfood,despitebeingpastitsshelflife,isstillperfectlyfitforhumanconsumption.Sowheredotheseexcessproductsendup?“Wereceivefoodfromvarioussources,includingfoodbanks,restaurants,cafes,foodphotographers,andevents”saysAdamSmith,founderofTheRealJunkFoodProject.TheBritishcompanyrecentlymadeheadlinesintheUKafteritbecamethecountry’sfirst“foodwastesupermarket”,offeringproductsthatwouldotherwisehaveendedupinwaste.Mostofitscustomersarelow-incomefamilies,orevencollegestudentswhofinditdifficulttoaffordfood.“Weaskourcustomerstopaywhattheyfeelintime,moneyorskills.Wedohavepeoplecomingwiththeintentionofpayingandifitcarriesonlikeitdoes,itwillpayforthecostofthewarehouse,”Smithexplains.SomeshopsacrossEuropearealsotakingaction.Francerecentlypassedalawthatsaysallsupermarketsmustnowdonatealloftheirunsoldproducetocharities,whiletheItaliangovernmenthasalsoputsimilarmeasuresinplace.Hundredsofcafesthatservemealsmadefromsurplusfoodhavebeensetupacrossthecontinenttoo,sellingdishesatbottompricesorevengivingthemawayforfree.Sowhatcanwedotopreventourdinnerendingupinthebin?“Buyless.Oratleastshopsmarter,”saidSmith.Afterall,thebestplaceforfoodisinourstomachs,notthetrash.12.What’sthemeaningoftheunderlined“beingpastitsshelflife”inParagraph2?A.Beingpastits“sell-by”date. B.Beingfarfromenough.C.Beingpastthelengthofbeingeatable. D.Beingoutofdate.13.WhatdoweknowaboutTheRealJunkFoodProject?A.Itgetsfoodfromthewaste. B.Itwantstomakeafatprofit.C.Itdrewmassiveattentionlately. D.Itsmainaimistodocharities.14.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph4?A.SomecountriesinEuropeareactivelyhelpingpoorpeople.BSomecountriesinEuropearetryingtoaddressfoodwaste.C.RelatedshopsinEuropearewillingtogiveawaytheirfood.D.AllthecountriesinEuropehavemadelawstohandlefoodwaste.15.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.TurningTrashintoTreats B.BuyingLessandSmarterC.FoodTrashIndustry D.WarnagainstFoodWaste第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。LearningtoLoveLocally-GrownFoodsCookingshowsonTVareusuallyallaboutforeignfoods.Thankstoglobalization,peopleeverywhereareintroducingtheirtastebudstodishesfromeverycorneroftheworld.___16___Inthepastfewyears,thenumberofpeoplepurchasinglocalfoodshasbeenrisingbecauseitoffersalotofbenefits.Forstarters,localfoodisoftentastierbecauseitisfresher.Importedgoodsmustbeflownorshippedinfromfaraway,sotheynaturallylosesomeoftheirfreshnessduringthejourney.___17___Thesematerialsmaycausethenutritionalvalueofthesegoodstodeclineduringtheshippingprocess.Foodsafetyisanotherreasonwhypeoplearechoosinglocalproduce.Today’slawsregardingfoodsvaryfromcountrytocountry.___18___Butwhenyouknowthelocalfarmerwhogrowsyourfood,thechancesofitbeingpollutedaregreatlyreduced.Buyinglocalfoodscanalsohaveabeneficialimpactontheenvironment.Buyinglocal,consumerscanmaintaingreenspaceandfarmlandintheircommunities.Besides,iffarmerscanselldirectlytoconsumers,theywillearnmoremoneyfortheirfamilies.Additionalprofitsalsoenablefarmerstobettercarefortheirsoilandkeepqualitystandardshigh.___19______20___Thisisanopenareawherefarmerssellfruits,vegetables,andmeatdirectlytothepublic.Onceyouexperiencethefreshnessoflocalfoodsforyourself,itmightbetoughtogobacktothesupermarket.A.Intheend,it’sawin-winsituation.B.However,somedisagreewiththeidea.C.Toconclude,thefarmerscanmakemoremoney.D.Importedgoodsmustalsobepackagedinplasticorothercontainers.E.Thismakesitdifficulttodetectifanyharmfulchemicalshavebeenused.F.Atthesametime,otherpeoplearediscoveringfoodfromtheirareaisthebest.G.Ifyou’reinterestedinhavingmorelocalfoods,youcanevenattendafarmers’market.第三部分

語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Observingisaprocessthatletsustakeastepclosertosomething.Whengivingthenaturalworldour

___21___,wecannotethepatterns(圖案)inalandscapeoraleaf,or

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seehowanimalsbehave.Humanbrainsarewiredinawaythatwhenwe

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something,we’remorelikelytoloveit.Themoreyoulookatandunderstanddetailsinnature,thebetteryouwillknowand

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theselittlepeculiarities(獨(dú)特性).Youwillbeginto

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them,andrecognizethem.Bylookingcloselyataspectsthatmightnotseem

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atfirstlook,youmayfindnewappreciationforthem—thishappenedafewyearsagowhenI

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thatbirdsweremorethanstrange-lookingcreatures,butactuallyintelligentandbeautifulcreatures.I’veneverbeenabigbird-watcher,

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nowIam,andIlovelearningmoreaboutit.Ifyoufeelpassionate(熱愛的)aboutsomething,youusuallywanttohelp

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itwhenitisendangered.Thereareother

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effectswhenobservingnature.Youusuallygrowcalmand

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whenyouareinanaturalenvironment.Thishasactuallybeenverified(證實(shí))instudies,althoughIbelievemostofusalreadyknowittobetrue.Naturecanbe

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everywhere.Evenasingletreeoutsideyourwindowcanhavethis

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onyou.Imaginewhatawalkthroughthewoodscando.Wonderingatthe

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anddiversityofnaturecanhelptoquietnegativethoughtsaboutyourselforothersandbringamomentof

____35____.21.A.attention B.information C.advice D.trust22.A.strangely B.slowly C.directly D.hardly23.A.describe B.understand C.experience D.remember24A.like B.forget C.change D.share25.A.giveupon B.lookoutfor C.takeover D.useup26.A.interesting B.important C.different D.difficult27.A.wondered B.dreamed C.discovered D.promised28.A.unless B.if C.so D.but29.A.protect B.control C.miss D.choose30.A.undesirable B.similar C.dangerous D.positive31.A.rich B.old C.relaxed D.professional32.A.explained B.observed C.discussed D.accepted33.A.effect B.pressure C.point D.option34.A.end B.beauty C.future D.purpose35.A.boredom B.inspiration C.confusion D.peace第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。36.SolargeisthePacificthatenergy________(generate)byitswarmingisenoughtotouchoffaseriesofClimatechanges.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）37.Theyhadnoalternativebut__________

(put)themeetingoff.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)38._____(devote)tohisresearchwork,theprofessorcaredlittleaboutanyotherthings.(用單詞適當(dāng)形式填空)39.Mr.Reedmadeuphismindtodevoteallhehadto________（set）upsomeschoolsforpoorchildren.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）40.__________(give)thatshewasreallyinterestedinchildren,teachingwasapropercareerforher.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)41.Athoughtfulofficialpassedonsomeofthecopiestotheparkauthoritiesonthe________(assume)thattheymightmakeaniceblow-upforoneofthevisitors’centers.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）42.________I’mconcernedaboutmostishowwecancollectahugeamountofmoneyinsuchashorttime.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)43.Thereason__________theychoseaChinesecompanyisthatChinahasoneofthemostadvancedtechnologiesofhighspeedrailwaysintheworld.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)44.Thesefishestypicallylivebetweenthesurfaceoftheoceananda__________(deep)ofabout3,300feet.(所給詞適當(dāng)形式填空)45.Itisestimatedthatoneinfivecancershasbeenlinkedto___(chemistry)exposure.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)第四部分

寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)46.假定你是李華，最近你班開展了主題為“ChemicalAgricultureorOrganicAgriculture”的征文活動(dòng)。請(qǐng)寫一篇短文，內(nèi)容如下：1.你的選擇；2.做出該選擇的理由。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)(滿分25分)47.閱讀下面的材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。OnedayAlbertfoundababybirdlyingontheground,squawking(叫喊)forhelp.Feelingsadforthebird,Albertpetteditgentlyandwantedtohelpit,buthedidn’tknowhowsincehewasjust7yearsold.Sohetookthebirdinhishands,carrieditcarefullyhomeandshowedittohisparents.Atonce,hisparentstookaction.Theywashedthebirdandfounditinjured.Withthehelpofhisparents,Albertdressedthewound.Butitwouldneedtimeandcareforthebirdtocompletelyrecover.Asthebirdhadbecomedeartohisheart,Albertimmediatelyofferedtocareforthebird.Albertnamedhisnewfriend“Lucky”.Hebegantofeedthebirdandheevenranouttocollectgrasstobuildasoftnestforthebird.Then,heputthenestbesidehisbed.Albertandthebirdwer