第11講課文初探小作文（書信寫作建議信）

第11講課文初探+小作文（建議信+邀請(qǐng)信）一、聽見課文THECHINESEWRITINGSYSTEM：CONNECTINGTHEPASTANDTHEPRESENTChinais(wide)knownforitsancient(civilize)whichhascontinuedallthewaythroughintomoderntimes,(prep盡管)themanyupsanddownsinitshistory.Therearemanyreasonswhythishasbeenpossible,butoneofthemain(factor)hasbeentheChinesewritingsystem.Atthebeginning,writtenChinesewasapicture-basedlanguage.It(短語：追溯到)severalthousandyearstotheuseoflonggu—animalbonesandshellsonwhichsymbolswere(carve)byancientChinesepeople.Someoftheancientsymbolscanstillbeseenintoday'shanzi.BytheShang(n朝代)(around1600－1046BCE),thesesymbolshadbeeawell-developedwritingsystem.Overtheyears,thesystemdevelopedintodifferentforms,asitwasatimewhenpeopleweredividedgeographically，leadingtomany(vary)ofdialectsandcharacters.This,however,changedunderEmperorQinshihuangoftheQinDynasty(221－207BCE).EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountrywheretheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinone(direct).ThatwritingsystemwasofgreatimportanceinunitingtheChinesepeopleandculture.Eventoday,nomatterwhereChinesepeopleliveorwhat(n方言)theyspeak,theycanallstillmunicateinwriting.詞匯及短語歸納總結(jié)①systemn.體系；制度；系統(tǒng)②connectAand/withB把A和B連接③beknownfor因……而著稱④alltheway一直；自始至終⑤despiteprep.即使；盡管⑥upsanddowns浮沉；興衰；榮辱⑦factorn.因素；要素⑧basedadj.以(某事)為基礎(chǔ)的；以……為重要部分(或特征)的basevt.以……為據(jù)點(diǎn)；以……為基礎(chǔ)n.底部；根據(jù)⑨dateback(to...)追溯到⑩bonen.骨頭；骨(質(zhì))?shelln.殼；殼狀物?symboln.符號(hào)；象征?carvevt.&vi.雕刻?dynastyn.王朝；朝代?geographicallyadv.在地理位置上?varietyn.(植物、語言等的)變體/多樣化varietiesof各種各樣的?dialectn.地方話；方言?majoradj.主要的；重要的；大的n.主修課程；主修學(xué)生vi.主修；專門研究?unifiedadj.統(tǒng)一的?in...direction朝著……的方向eq\o(○,\s\up1(21))nomatterwhere,who,what,etc.不論……，不管……二、題型初識(shí)1、從書信寫作說起高中應(yīng)用文寫作分為兩部分，書信類和非書信類，書信類包括邀請(qǐng)信、建議信、告知信、申請(qǐng)信、推薦信、求助信、詢問信、感謝信、道歉信、慰問信、祝賀信、活動(dòng)介紹信、書信形式的短文投稿。本次課程以建議信為主體，講書信寫作。1.1稱呼（Salutation）：書信的開頭需要使用適當(dāng)?shù)姆Q呼，根據(jù)寫信對(duì)象的不同選擇合適的稱呼形式。比如：DearMr.Smith,DearMrs.Johnson,DearJohn,1.2正文（Body）：正文通常分為三段：開頭段、中間段、結(jié)尾段。2.1開頭段：用于問候和說明寫信的目的或背景。比如：Howhaveyoubeen?Ihopethisletterfindsyouwell.Iamwritingtoinformyouaboutourupingsummervacationplans.Ihopeyouaredoingwell.Iamwritingtoseekyouradviceonamatterthathasbeentroublingme.2.2中間段：書信的核心內(nèi)容，詳細(xì)描述事情的經(jīng)過、提供建議或表達(dá)意見等。比如：Firstandforemost,IbelievethatimmersingyourselfinEnglishbyreadingvariousbooksandarticleswillsignificantlyimproveyourvocabularyandprehension.Additionally,practicingspeakingwithnativespeakerscanhelpyougainconfidenceandimproveyourfluency.Iwantedtoletyouknowaboutthenewprojectweareworkingon.Itinvolvesalotofcollaboration,andIbelieveyourexpertisewillbeincrediblyvaluable.Moreover,participatinginthisprojectwillprovideyouwithgreatopportunitiestolearnandgrow.2.3結(jié)尾段：用于總結(jié)并表達(dá)期待回復(fù)或其他后續(xù)行動(dòng)。比如：Ihopeyoufindthesesuggestionshelpful.Lookingforwardtohearingfromyousoon.Ifyouhaveanyquestions,feelfreetoask.Thankyoufortakingthetimetoreadmyletter.Iameagerlyawaitingyourresponseandhopewecandiscussthismatterfurther.1.3結(jié)束語（Closing）：使用適當(dāng)?shù)慕Y(jié)束語，表達(dá)禮貌和祝福。比如：Yourssincerely,Bestregards,Warmestwishes,1.4簽名（Signature）：在結(jié)尾語下方簽名，寫上自己的名字。比如：Lihua2、建議信結(jié)構(gòu)講解第一段【問候（介紹）+寫作背景+寫作目的】問候Howhaveyoubeen?Howiseverythingwithyou?Ihopethisletterfindsyouwell.自我介紹（如果和對(duì)方認(rèn)識(shí)就不需要自我介紹）IamLihua,astudentatNo.1School.IamLihua,studyingatNo.1School.IamLihua,fromNo.1School.寫信背景Youmentionedneedingmyadviceonaparticularissue.Youaskedformysuggestionsregardingaproblemyou'refacing.Youwantedtoknowmyopiniononhowtohandleaspecificsituation.寫信目的Iwouldliketosharesomeconstructivesuggestionswithyou.Hereareafewremendationsthatmighthelp.Ihopethefollowingadvicewillbeusefultoyou.第二段【分析原因+提供建議】分析原因Thereasonwhy【結(jié)果】isthat【原因】.ThereasonwhyyoufindwritinginEnglishdifficultisthatyoumaynotbepracticingitregularlyenough.ThereasonwhyimprovingyourEnglishseemschallengingcouldbeduetoinsufficientpractice.ThereasonwhyyoustrugglewithEnglishwritingmightbethelackofconsistentpractice.建議一【建議+結(jié)果（正面影響）】Firstandforemost,immerseyourselfinEnglishbyreadingvariousbooksandarticlestobuildyourvocabularyandprehension.Firstandforemost,EngageindailyconversationsinEnglishtoimproveyourspeakingskillsandconfidence.Firstandforemost,WatchEnglishmoviesandTVshowstoenhanceyourlisteningabilitiesandculturalunderstanding.建議二【建議+提這個(gè)建議的原因】Additionally,writingshortessaysorstoriesregularlyhelpsinpracticingorganizingyourthoughtsclearly.Additionally,KeepingadailyjournalinEnglishimprovesyourwritingconsistencyandallowsyoutotrackyourprogress.Additionally,Practicingspeakingwithnativespeakersenhancesyourfluencyandhelpsyoulearnidiomaticexpressions.建議三【建議+相關(guān)例子】Finally,itisessentialforimprovementtojoinanonlinewritingmunitywhereyoucanshareyourworkandreceivefeedback.Finally,Itisbeneficialtoparticipateinlocalwritinggroupstogetconstructivecriticismandsupportfromfellowlearners.Finally,Itisimportanttotakepartinwritingworkshopsorclubstoreceiveguidanceandfeedback,whichiscrucialforhoningyourskills.總結(jié)Onlybyfollowingthesestepscanyoueffectivelyoverethechallenges.Thesemethodsareessentialforfullyaddressingtheissues.Byusingthesesuggestions,youcansolvetheproblemspletely.第三段【希望采納+期待回復(fù)】希望采納Ihopeyoufindthesesuggestionshelpful.Itrustthattheseremendationswillbeusefultoyou.Ihopethesetipsprovetobebeneficial.期待回復(fù)Lookingforwardtohearingfromyousoon.Iawaityourresponseeagerly.提建議基本句型使用表示建議的動(dòng)詞Iremendanalyzingthecausesofthemistakes.Iadviseyoutoexaminethereasonsbehindthemistakes.Isuggesttakingacloserlookatwhythesemistakesoccur.使用祈使句Besuretoanalyzethecausesofthemistakes.Makesuretoexaminethereasonsbehindthemistakes.Don’tforgettolookintowhythesemistakeshappen.使用非謂語動(dòng)詞Analyzingthecausesofthemistakesiscrucial.Understandingthereasonsforthesemistakesisimportant.Investigatingwhythemistakesoccurisessential.使用形式主語句型Itisimportanttoanalyzethecausesofthemistakes.Itisessentialtounderstandwhythesemistakeshappen.Itisnecessarytoinvestigatethereasonsbehindthemistakes.3、寫作演練假如你是李華，你的好友David因?yàn)樵谧罱淮慰荚囍谐煽兿陆?，感到非常焦慮，并且不敢面對(duì)父母和老師。請(qǐng)你用英語給他寫封信，表示對(duì)他的現(xiàn)狀表示擔(dān)憂，并提出你的建議。要點(diǎn)如下：1.建立信心；2.向父母或老師尋求幫助；3.改變學(xué)習(xí)策略等。行文內(nèi)容1.得知你對(duì)你成績下降感到焦慮，我非常理解你的擔(dān)心和煩惱。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.因此，我寫信給你提供一些建議，希望對(duì)你有所幫助。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.首先，你對(duì)成績的態(tài)度對(duì)你的學(xué)習(xí)產(chǎn)生很大的影響。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.眾所周知，自信是成功的關(guān)鍵，因此建議你逐漸建立對(duì)自己的信心。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5.而且，每當(dāng)你有不好的情緒或困擾時(shí)，你可以向你的老師或父母尋求幫助。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6.此外，如果你能考慮改變學(xué)習(xí)策略，對(duì)你的學(xué)習(xí)是有益的。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7.我相信，擺脫壓力和努力學(xué)習(xí)將使你取得進(jìn)步并實(shí)現(xiàn)你的目標(biāo)。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8.我期待著你的好消息。祝你好運(yùn)！______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案：DearDavid,Hearing/Learning/Knowingthatyouareanxiousaboutyourfallinggrades,Iunderstandquitewellhowworriedandupsetyoufeel.Therefore,Iamwritingtoofferyousomesuggestions,whichIhopewillbeofsomehelptoyou.First,itisyourattitudetowardsyourgradesthathasagreateffect/influenceonyourstudy.Asweknow,confidenceisthekeytosuccess,soitisremendedthatyoushouldgraduallybuildupconfidenceinyourself.What’smore,wheneveryouhavebadfeelingsortroubles,youcanturntoyourteachersorparents.Inaddition,itwouldbebetterifyoucouldconsiderchangingyourlearningstrategies,whichisbeneficialtoyourstudy.Ibelievethatgettingridofyourpressure/stressandworkinghardwillenableyoutomakeprogressandachieve/reach/realizeyourgoal(s).Iamlookingforwardtoyourgoodnews.Bestwishes!Yours,LiHua三、課后作業(yè)1、聽力小練【第一組】聽下面一段長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。1.What'sPeter'sproblem?A．Hecan'tunderstandChineseprogram.B．Hecan'ttalkwithChinesepeople.C．Hecan'tunderstandChinesegrammar.2.HowlonghasPeterbeenlearningChinese?A.3years. B．4years. C．5years.3．Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A．PeterspeaksChinesealot.B．Peterishappytolearndriving.C．Peterneedsalotofpractice.【第一組】答案1～3.BCC聽力原文M：Hello,ProfessorZhang.I'mPeter.W：Hello,Peter.CanIhelpyou?M：Yeah.IhavebeenstudyingChineseformanyyears,andIhavelearntalotofgrammarandvocabulary,butIfinditdifficulttotalkwithChinesepeople.Ican'tunderstandthem.W:Well,that'saproblem.HowlonghaveyoubeenstudyingChinese?M:Threeyearsinjuniorschool,andtwoyearsinseniorschool.W:Um.HowdoyoulearnChinese?DoyouoftenlistentoChineseprogram?M:IoftenattendChinesetrainingprograms.W:Yes,Isee.Peter,Ialwaysthinklearningalanguageisratherlikelearningtodrive.Ifyouwanttodriveperfectly,youhavetopractiseoverandover.Similarly,ifyouwanttospeakChinesewell,youneedlotsofpractice.【第二組】聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1．Whowashedthevegetables?A．Theman.B．Thewoman.C．Theman'smother.2．Howmuchcheaperistheblueonethanthewhiteone?A．$10.B．$20.C．$30.3．Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A．Gobackhome.B．Bringanumbrella.C．Checktheweatherreport.4．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A．Amuseum'spaintings.B．Afamouspainter.C．Amuseum.5．Whatdoesthemanwanttoeattoday?A．Fishandcabbage.B．Chickenandfish.C．Chickenandasalad.【第二組】答案：1～5ABBAC6～10CCACB11～15CCACC16～20BACAC聽力材料(Text1)W：Thesedishestasteverygood.Didyoumakethem?M：No.Mymotherwasherethismorning.Shecookedallofthem.Ijustwashedthevegetables.W：Youshouldlearncookingfromher.(Text2)W：Whataboutthiswhitebike?It'sverycheap.Itis100dollars.M：Buttheblueoneisevencheaper.Itisonly80dollars.W：Butitisnotasniceasthewhiteone.(Text3)M：Jane,don'tforgetyourumbrella!Theweatherreportsaiditissupposedtoberainythisafternoon.W：ButIleftmyumbrellaatmyroom.Iwillgobackupstairs.Waithere,please.M：Alright.(Text4)M：Howdidyoulikethepaintingsinthemuseum?W：Mostofthemwereamazing.ButsomeofthemweresodifficultthatIdidn'tquiteunderstandthemwell.Andtheylookedverystrange.M：Itotallyagree.(Text5)W：Sir,wouldyoulikesomefish?Itisveryfresh.M：Thanks,butIjusthadsomefishyesterday.AndtodayIwanttotrysomethingelse.Iwouldlikefriedchickenandacabbagesalad.W：Certainly,Sir.Wouldyoulikeanythingtodrink?2、建議信寫作假如你是李華，為了鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生多參與運(yùn)動(dòng)，緩解學(xué)習(xí)壓力，要點(diǎn)如下：1.你的看法;2.你的建議及理由。行文內(nèi)容1.我是李華，高一的學(xué)生。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.我想分享一下我對(duì)改進(jìn)課外活動(dòng)，鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生參與體育運(yùn)動(dòng)和緩解學(xué)業(yè)壓力的想法和建議。______________________________________________________________________