專題37 閱讀理解之七選五三大技巧（講案）原卷版

1/23高考一輪復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)清單專題37閱讀理解之七選五三大技巧（講案）原卷版（快問快答+思維導(dǎo)圖+考法點(diǎn)撥+真題再練+名校模擬）目錄一、閱讀理解七選五快問快答P2二、閱讀理解七選五高考考情P2三、閱讀理解七選五思維導(dǎo)圖P3四、閱讀理解七選五考法點(diǎn)撥P3考法一：利用詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn)技巧P3考法二：利用代詞指代關(guān)系P4考法三：利用前后句邏輯關(guān)系（七種13例）P6五、閱讀理解七選五真題演練(6篇)P9六、閱讀理解七選五名校模擬(13篇)P13七、閱讀理解七選五真題演練（邏輯關(guān)系，片段式，10例）P21一、閱讀理解七選五快問快答Q1：閱讀理解七選五有什么特點(diǎn)？A1：閱讀理解七選五屬于閱讀理解中檔題型，區(qū)分度好，需要考生有較強(qiáng)的做題技能和閱讀判斷能力。Q2：閱讀理解七選五做題步驟如何？A2：一是“通讀”通讀全文把握大意，二是“細(xì)讀”以空位單位，結(jié)合設(shè)空位置和段落結(jié)構(gòu)做出初步判斷。注意先易后難，一時(shí)有困難及時(shí)放一放，三是“復(fù)讀”—重點(diǎn)復(fù)讀有疑問的選項(xiàng)，從設(shè)空位置、前后句邏輯、段落關(guān)鍵詞入手多方考慮。Q3：閱讀理解七選五有哪些考查方法？A3：閱讀理解七選五有五大考查方向：一是段首標(biāo)題句，二是段落主題句/過渡句，三是段中瞻前顧后句，四是段尾設(shè)空題，五是殘缺前/后半句型。Q4：如何提高閱讀理解七選五正答率？A4：一要掌握閱讀理解七選五命題規(guī)律和選項(xiàng)特征，二要不斷擴(kuò)大詞匯量，尤其是3500高考高頻詞匯，三要廣泛進(jìn)行閱讀實(shí)踐和專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練，積累推理判斷經(jīng)驗(yàn)，掌握整體閱讀這一要旨，摸索出一套行之有效的個(gè)性化做題模式，四要重視糾錯(cuò)，探尋錯(cuò)誤原因，防止出現(xiàn)類似錯(cuò)誤。二、閱讀理解七選五高考考情閱讀七選五考查考生對(duì)文章內(nèi)容、結(jié)構(gòu)及上下文邏輯的理解和把握。在一段約300詞的短文中留出5個(gè)空白，要求考生從所給的7個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，使補(bǔ)全后的短文意思通順、前后連貫、結(jié)構(gòu)完整。1.選文以說明文為主，記敘文、議論文為輔。題型以段中句為主，段首句和段尾句為輔。2.話題與當(dāng)代社會(huì)生活緊密相關(guān)、人文氣息濃厚，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生關(guān)愛自我、關(guān)愛社會(huì)、熱愛生活。年份卷別體裁類別主題段首段中段尾選項(xiàng)特指字?jǐn)?shù)2024新課標(biāo)I卷說明文人與自我使用英語(yǔ)詞典的心得140完整句273+61新課標(biāo)II卷說明文人與社會(huì)如何避免過度性旅游131完整句259+522023新課標(biāo)I卷說明文人與自我學(xué)會(huì)自我原諒的辦法041完整句247+82新課標(biāo)II卷說明文人與社會(huì)開啟藝術(shù)之旅的建議131完整句261+632022新課標(biāo)I卷說明文人與社會(huì)如何找到健身伙伴041完整句257+76新課標(biāo)II卷說明文人與社會(huì)寫文章好修改技巧140完整句237+742021新課標(biāo)I卷記敘文人與社會(huì)巴黎一周生活經(jīng)歷140完整句270+83新課標(biāo)II卷說明文人與社會(huì)提高閱讀速度建議122完整句250+752020新課標(biāo)I卷記敘文人與社會(huì)公開演講的一些原則131完整句235+73三、閱讀理解七選五思維導(dǎo)圖 四、閱讀理解七選五考法點(diǎn)撥技巧一：利用詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)技巧【思維導(dǎo)圖】【調(diào)研01】【2022新高考I卷】原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)notice復(fù)現(xiàn)是為保證文章前后銜接而經(jīng)常使用的一種寫作手段,即作者在文章上下文不同的位置對(duì)同一個(gè)概念進(jìn)行重復(fù)描述。復(fù)現(xiàn)主要是指原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、同(近)義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、詞匯同現(xiàn)等。Mypartnerpostedherrequestonthenoticeboardofalocalpark.Hernoticeincludedwhatkindoftrainingshewantedtodo,howmanydaysaweekandhowmanyhoursshewantedtospendoneachsession,andherage.Italsolistedherfavoritesportsandactivities,andprovidedherphonenumber.39A.Yourfirstmeetingmaybealittleawkward.B.Aworkoutpartnerusuallyneedstolivecloseby.C.You’llworkharderifyoutrainwithsomeoneelse.D.Doyouwanttobeabetterathleteinyourfavoritesport?E.Howcanyouwriteagood“seekingtrainingpartner”notice?F.Justacceptyourdifferencesandlearntoworkwitheachother.G.Anynoticeforatrainingpartnershouldincludesuchinformation.【調(diào)研02】（2021全國(guó)甲卷38題）近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)“new”clothes=clothesingoodconditionInvite5—10peoplesoyouhaveaniceselection.Lesspeoplethanthat,andtheremaynotbeenoughthingstochoosefrom;morethanthat,anditbecomesuncontrollable.38.Theyshouldalsoprepareplentyofreusablebagstocarrytheir“new”clotheshome.A.LesspeoplethanthatB.HoldaclothingswapC.IftwopeoplearecompetingD.JustkeepmusicplayingthroughoutE.DonatewhateverclothesareleftoverF.HaveeveryoneputtheirclothesintherightspotsG.Telleveryonetobringcleanclothesingoodcondition【調(diào)研03】（2021全國(guó)乙卷40題）同根詞復(fù)現(xiàn)awkward和awkwardnessAndwhataboutthatotherdinner-partykiller:awkwardsilence?Ifyou'refacedwithanawkwardsilenceatadinnerparty，theonlythingthatalwaysgetseveryonetalkingagainistogivethehostacompliment(贊揚(yáng)).40.Justquicklyturnaroundandsay,“Thiscakeisextremelydeliciousandyouhavetotellmeallaboutit.”A.HowdoyouknowthehostB.ThefirststepistogoexploringC.Ifyouaskthequestion“Howdidyougethere?”D.BepreparedtohaveawkwardconversationswithstrangersE.OrturntheconversationintoatopicwheretheyhavelittletosayF.Whataboutthatpersonwhohashadtoomuchtodrinkorwon'tstoptalkingG.Heorsheisthepersonwhoisfeelingtheweightofthatawkwardnessthemost技巧二：利用代詞指代關(guān)系【思維導(dǎo)圖】【調(diào)研04】(2024全國(guó)甲卷第37題)Takeyourtime.It'simportanttoslowdownandthinkaboutfoodassomethingnutritiousratherthanjustsomethingtoeatinbetweenmeetings.37Itactuallytakesafewminutesforyourbraintotellyourbodythatithashadenoughfood,soeatslowlyandstopeatingbeforeyoufeelfull.A.Eatproperlythroughouttheday.B.Wedon'talwayseatjusttosatisfyhunger.C.Don'tswallowamealonthewaytowork.D.Mostofusneedtodoubletheamountweeat.E.Instead,surroundyourselfwithhealthychoices.F.Formanyofus,moderationmeanseatinglessthanwedonow.G.Thatwon'tleadtocheatingorgivinguponyourneweatingplan.【調(diào)研05】（2023新高考I卷39題）人稱代詞theyYoucouldaskafriendorfamilymembertohelpaddtoyourlist.39Thatway,youcouldexchangethoughtsonwhatmakeseachofyouspecialandtheaspectsofyourpersonalitythatshinethrough.Infact,don’twaituntilyou’vemadeamistaketotrythis—it’sagreatwaytoboostself-confidenceatanytime.A.Alittleself-forgivenessalsogoesalongway.B.Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.C.Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.D.It’sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.E.Itdoesn’tmeanyouhavetoignorewhat’shappenedorforgetit.F.Whateveritis,nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,writeitdown.G.Whateverthemistake,rememberitisn’tafixedaspectofyourpersonality.【調(diào)研06】（2018全國(guó)I卷37+38+39題）代詞指代Overtheyears,therehavebeenanumberofdifferenttechniquestohelpdesignersapproachthisimportantpoint.37,theycangetalittlecomplex.Butgoodnewsisthatthere’rereallyonlythreekindsofdecisionsyouneedtomakeaboutcolorinyourhome:thesmallones,themediumones,andthelargeones.38.They’rethelittlespotsofcolorlikethrowpillows,mirrorsandbasketsthatmostofususetoaddvisualinteresttoourrooms.Lesstiringthanpaintingyourwallsandlessexpensivethanbuyingacolorfulsofa,smallcolorchoicesbringwiththemthesignificantbenefitofbeingeasilychangeable.Mediumcolorchoicesaregenerallyfurniturepiecessuchassofas,dinnertablesorbookshelves.39.Theyrequireabiggercommitmentthansmallerones,andtheyhaveamorepowerfuleffectonthefeelingofaspace.A．WhileallofthemareusefulB．Whateveryou'relookingforC．Ifyou'reexperimentingwithacolorD．Smallcolorchoicesaretheoneswe'remostfamiliarwithE．It'snotreallyagoodideatousetoomanysmallcolorpiecesF．Soitpaystobesure,becauseyouwanttogetitrightthefirsttimeG．Colorchoicesinthisrangeareastepupfromthesmallonesintwomajorways技巧三：利用前后句邏輯關(guān)系【思維導(dǎo)圖】【調(diào)研07】（2013全國(guó)I卷38+40題）總分關(guān)系Businessmanagementisatermusedtodescribethetechniquesofplanning,direction,andcontroloftheoperationsofabusiness.38Oneistheestablishment(制定)ofbroadbasicpolicieswithrespecttoproduction;sales;thepurchaseofequipment,materialsandsupplies;andaccounting.39Thethirdrelatestotheestablishmentofstandardsofworkinalldepartments.Directionisconcernedprimarilywithsupervision(監(jiān)管)andguidancebythemanagementinauthority.40A.Controlincludestheuseofrecordsandreportstocompareactualworkwiththesetstandardsforwork.B.Inthisconnectionthereisthedifferencebetweentopmanagementandoperativemanagement.C.Examplesofnonprofitbusinessesincludesuchorganizationsassocialserviceagenciesandmanyhospitals.D.However,somebusinessesonlyseektoearnenoughtocovertheiroperatingcosts.E.Thesecondaspectrelatestotheapplicationofthesepoliciesbydepartments.F.Inthetheoryofbusinessmanagement,organizationhastwomainaspects.G.Planninginbusinessmanagementhasthreemainaspects.【調(diào)研08】（2019全國(guó)II卷39題）解釋關(guān)系A(chǔ)notherwayofsettingrealisticgoalsistoanalyzeyourshortandlongtermobjectives,keepinginmindyourbeliefs,valuesandstrengths.Rememberthatgoalsareflexible.39Theyalsoneedtobemeasurable.Youmustkeepthesepointsinmindwhilesettingyourgoals.A.Thiscanaffectyourwork.B.Sohowshouldyoumotivateyourself?C.However,thisshouldnotdiscourageyou.D.Sowhyshouldwetrytosetspecificgoals?E.Theycanchangeaccordingtocircumstances.F.Motivationiswhatyouneedmosttodoagoodjob.G.Withoutmotivationyoucanneithersetagoalnorreachit.【調(diào)研09】（2023新高考I卷37題）例證關(guān)系Inajournaloronapieceofpaper,puttheheading“Personalstrengths.”37Areyoucaring?Creative?Generous?Agoodlistener?Funtobearound?Theydon’thavetobeworld-changing,justaspectsofyourpersonalitythatyou’reproudof.A.Alittleself-forgivenessalsogoesalongway.B.Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.C.Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.D.It’sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.E.Itdoesn’tmeanyouhavetoignorewhat’shappenedorforgetit.F.Whateveritis,nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,writeitdown.G.Whateverthemistake,rememberitisn’tafixedaspectofyourpersonality.【調(diào)研10】（2016全國(guó)II卷38題）并列關(guān)系Somepeoplemaythinkthatagardenisnomorethanplants,flowers,patternsandmassesofcolor.Othersareconcernedaboutusinggardeningmethodsthatrequirelesswaterandfewerfertilizers(肥料).38However,thereareanumberofotherreasonsthatmightexplainwhyyouwanttogarden.Oneofthemcomesfromourearliestyears.A.KnowwhyyougardenB.FindagoodplaceforyourowngardenC.It’sourexperienceofthegardenthatmattersD.It’sdelightfultoseesomanybeautifulflowersE.StillothersmaysimplyenjoybeingoutdoorsandclosetoplantsF.Youcanproducethatkindofmagicalqualityinyourowngarden,tooG.Foreachofthosegardens,writerdownthestrongestmemoryyouhave【調(diào)研11】（2023全國(guó)甲卷37題）遞進(jìn)關(guān)系●Practicegratitude(感激)Thankfulnesshasalotofbenefits:Researchshowsitmakesushappier,lessstressedandevenmoreoptimistic.37.“Showingthankfulnesscanfosterself-control,”saidYeLi,researcherattheUniversityofCalifornia.A.FindyourcausesB.StartwithsmalltasksC.AccepttheuncomfortableD.AllthisaddsuptoastateofhurryE.ItcanalsohelpuspracticemorepatienceF.Thisismerelyuncomfortable,notintolerableG.They’reallsituationswherewecouldusealittleextrapatience【調(diào)研12】（2022全國(guó)乙卷40題）轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系·Don’trelyontechnologyalone40,butlong-distancefriendships—evencloseones—mayrequiremoreconsciousefforttosustain.Trytoseekoutchancestorenewfriendships.Howtodoit?Justspendface-to-facetimetogetherwheneverpossible.A.RememberimportantdatesB.CompensatebywritinglettersC.ItisalsohelpfulforyoutobeafriendshipkeeperD.TrytofindatimethatworksforbothofyouandsticktoitE.FriendsneedtotalkabouttheirpreferredmethodsofcommunicationF.ItiseasytohaveasenseofconnectednessthroughsocialmediaG.Youmaybethefriendwholeftortheonewhowasleftbehind【調(diào)研13】（2020新高考卷38題）因果關(guān)系Eventhemostsuccessfulpublicspeakerwillmakemistakes.Yet,theonlyonewhocaresaboutanymistakeistheonewhoisspeaking.People’sattentionwandersconstantly.Infact,mostpeopleonlyabsorbabout20percentofaspeaker’smessage.So,don’tstopspeakingwhenyoumakeamistakeunlessit’satrulyseriousone.38A.Dotheopposite.B.Youwanttobeaneffectivepublicspeaker.C.Youdon’tneedtoapologizeforaminorslip.D.Whenitcomestopublicspeaking,lessisusuallymore.E.TheobjectiveofmostspeechesistobenefittheaudienceF.TakethefearoutofpublicspeakingbyfocusingonyourlistenersG.However,themajorityofpeopleareeffectivespeakersbecausetheytraintobe.五、閱讀理解七選五真題演練【真題演練01】(2023新課標(biāo)I卷)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。PersonalForgivenessTakingresponsibilityformistakesisapositivestep,butdon’tbeatyourselfupaboutthem.Toerr(犯錯(cuò))ishuman.36Youcanusethefollowingwritingexercisetohelpyoudothis.Inajournaloronapieceofpaper,puttheheading“Personalstrengths.”37Areyoucaring?Creative?Generous?Agoodlistener?Funtobearound?Theydon’thavetobeworld-changing,justaspectsofyourpersonalitythatyou’reproudof.Atthetopofasecondpage,puttheheading“Actsofkindness.”O(jiān)nthisone,listallthepositivethingsyou’vedoneforothers.Itmightbethetimewhenyouhelpedafriendwiththeirhomework,whenyoudidtheironingwithoutbeingasked,orwhenyoubakedcookiesafterthefamilyhadhadatiringday.38Youcouldaskafriendorfamilymembertohelpaddtoyourlist.39Thatway,youcouldexchangethoughtsonwhatmakeseachofyouspecialandtheaspectsofyourpersonalitythatshinethrough.Infact,don’twaituntilyou’vemadeamistaketotrythis—it’sagreatwaytoboostself-confidenceatanytime.It’ssomethingofacliché(陳詞濫調(diào))thatmostpeoplelearnnotfromtheirsuccessesbuttheirmistakes.Thethingis,it’strue.40We’reallchangingandlearningallthetimeandmistakesareapositivewaytodevelopandgrow.A.Alittleself-forgivenessalsogoesalongway.B.Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.C.Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.D.It’sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.E.Itdoesn’tmeanyouhavetoignorewhat’shappenedorforgetit.F.Whateveritis,nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,writeitdown.G.Whateverthemistake,rememberitisn’tafixedaspectofyourpersonality.【真題演練02】(2023新課標(biāo)II卷)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Asanartistwhosharesherjourneyonsocialmedia,I’moftenaskedbycuriousfollowershowtobeginanartjourney.Unfortunately,thereisnomagiclistIcanoffer.Idoremember,though,whatitwasliketobeacompletebeginner.SoI’veputtogethersomegoodtipsforstartinganartjourney.?Startsmall.Isuggestusingasketchbook(素描本)forsmallstudies.Thesesmallstudiesprovideinspirationandmaybeaspringboardformorecomplexworksinthefuture.36You’llwanttolookbackonyourjourneytoseehowfaryou’vecome.?Paintoftenandpaintfromlife.There’snobetterwaytoimprovethantoputinthosebrushmiles.Whetheryoupaintstilllifes,portraits,orlandscapes,paintfromlifeasmuchaspossible.37?Continuallychallengeyourselftotrysomethingnew.38Artisticgrowthcanbeabitpainful.Welcometotheclub;we’veallbeenthere.Ilovetakingonchallenges.Ioncetookupachallengetocreateapaintingeverydayforamonthandposttheworksonline.?39Seekingandacceptingconstructivefeedback(反饋)iscrucialtogrowth.Ipostmyworkonsocialmediaand,inturn,havemetsomeofthekindestpeople.Theymakemefeelvaluedandrespected,nomattermylevelofartisticability.Thejourneyyou’reonwon’tfollowastraightpath.40Pushthrough,giveittimeandputintheeffort.Youwillharvesttherewardsofanartisticlife.A.Getoutofyourcomfortzone.B.Makecareerplansandsetgoals.C.Don’tthrowawayyourbeginnerart.D.Shareyourworkifyoufeelcomfortabledoingso.E.You’llhitroadblocks,andyou’llfeeldiscouragedattimes.F.Evaluateyourperformanceand,ifneeded,redefineyourrole.G.You’lldevelopthatpaintingmusclememorythatonlycomeswithrepetition.【真題演練03】(2023全國(guó)甲卷)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。TricksToBecomingAPatientPersonHere’sariddle:Whatdotrafficjams,longlinesandwaitingforavacationtostartallhaveincommon?There’soneanswer.36.IntheDigitalAge,we’reusedtohavingwhatweneedimmediatelyandrightatourfingertips.However,researchsuggeststhatifwepracticedpatience,we’dbeawholelotbetteroff.Hereareseveraltricks.●Practicegratitude(感激)Thankfulnesshasalotofbenefits:Researchshowsitmakesushappier,lessstressedandevenmoreoptimistic.37.“Showingthankfulnesscanfosterself-control,”saidYeLi,researcherattheUniversityofCalifornia.●MakeyourselfwaitInstantgratification(滿足)mayseemlikethemost“feelgood”optionatthetime,butpsychologyresearchsuggestswaitingforthingsactuallymakesushappierinthelongrun.Andtheonlywayforustogetintothehabitofwaitingistopractice.38.Putoffwatchingyourfavoriteshowuntiltheweekendorwait10extraminutesbeforegoingforthatcake.You’llsoonfindthatthemorepatienceyoupractice,themoreyoustarttoapplyittoother,moreannoyingsituations.●39.Somanyofushavethebeliefthatbeingcomfortableistheonlystatewewilltolerate,andwhenweexperiencesomethingoutsideofourcomfortzone,wegetimpatientaboutthecircumstances.Youshouldlearntosaytoyourself,“40.”You’llthengraduallybecomemorepatient.A.FindyourcausesB.StartwithsmalltasksC.AccepttheuncomfortableD.AllthisaddsuptoastateofhurryE.ItcanalsohelpuspracticemorepatienceF.Thisismerelyuncomfortable,notintolerableG.They’reallsituationswherewecouldusealittleextrapatience【真題演練04】(2023全國(guó)乙卷)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Indoorplantsmightlookasiftheyjustsitaroundnotdoingmuch,butinmanywaystheyaretheunsungheroesofthehome.36,butstudieshaveshownthattheycanpromotepeople’swellbeingbyimprovingtheirmood(心情),reducingstressandhelpingtheirmemory.What’smore,indoorplantsareeasytolookafterandarenotveryexpensive.Whatareindoorplants?Indoorplants,alsoknownashouseplantsorpotplants,areplantsthatliketogrowindoors.Manyofthesespecies(物種)arenotideallysuitedtogrowingoutsideintheUK,especiallyinthewinter.37.Whyareindoorplantsgoodforyou?WillSpoelstra,whoworksattheRoyalBotanicGardens,says,“38.Ifindduringthewintermonths,plantsaroundthehousecanreallyliftyourmood.”Severalstudieshavebackedthisupandfoundthatindoorplantscanimprovecreativity,focusandmemory.Thereisalsoresearchshowingthatpotplantscancleantheairaroundthembyremovingharmfulgases,suchascarbondioxide.Theyalsoremovesomeharmfulchemicalsfrompaintsorcooking.39.Whichplantscanyougrow?Aloevera,peaceliliesandspiderplantsaresomeofthespeciesthatareeasytogrowindoors.Youcanbuyplantsfromsupermarkets,gardencentresoronline.Youngerplantsareoftencheaperthanfullygrownones,andyougettocareforthemastheymature—whichispartofthejoyofowningplants.“40,”Spoelstrasays.“Itcanbringanewinterestandfocusintopeople’slivesandhelptomakethelinkbetweenhomeandnature.”A.AllplantsaredifferentB.NotonlydotheylookbeautifulC.TherearemanybenefitstogrowingplantsindoorsD.Instead,theygrowbetterinside,whereitiswarmerE.Plantslikepeaceliliesanddevil’stongueareamongthebestF.ChangingthepotofyourplantfromtimetotimewillalsohelpG.Learningabouttherequirementsofeachplantcanbeveryrewarding【真題演練05】(2023北京卷)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。It’sajoyfulandstressfultimeofyearintheUnitedStatesforstudentsandtheirfamiliesastheymakedecisionsaboutwheretoattendcollege.Familiesoftenturntorankingssystemstohelpmakeadecision.____35____WhenItalktofamiliesasascholarofhighereducation,they’reoftensurprisedthatteachingexcellenceisnotcountedinrankings.____36____Emergingresearchsuggeststhatcoursesinlower-rankeduniversities,onaverage,scoredhigheronteachingthancoursesinhigher-rankeduniversities.____37____Theabsenceofteachingexcellencefromtherankingsissurprisinggiventhelinkbetweenhigh-qualityteachingandstudentsuccess.Qualityteachingisoneofthemostimportantpredictorsofawiderangeofcollegeoutcomes.Rankings,however,areonlyonereasonwhyalowvalueisplacedonteachinginhighereducation.Administratorsoftendon’tviewteachingexcellenceasawaytoincreaseenrolment(注冊(cè))orfunding.____38____Researchshowsthatthemoretimeinstructorsspendonteaching,thelowertheirsalary.Whatistheresult？Manyinstructorscontinuetoteachusingtraditionallectures,whichleadtolowersuccessrates.____39____Nevertheless,notmuchwillchangeuntilschoolswithhigh-qualityteachingarerewardedwithmoreresources,higherrankingsandincreasedenrolments.Inthelongterm,universities,organisationsthatrankschools,andothersshouldworktomaketeachingavalued,corepartofthemission.Whatshouldstudentsandtheirfamiliesdo?Theyshouldgivestrongconsiderationtouniversitieswherehigh-qualityteachingisvalued,eventhoughtheschoolsmayberankedlower.A.Highereducationhasachieveditstruepotential.B.Therefore,it’snothighlyvaluedinhiringorpromotion.C.Qualityteachinghasbeenanimportantreputation-buildingfactor.D.However,therankingsignoreacriticalfactor:thequalityofteaching.E.Effortstoimproveteachingattheuniversitylevelhaverecentlyemerged.F.They’reevenmoresurprisedathowteachingisundervaluedbyuniversities.G.Infact,universitiesoftenshiftemphasisfromteachingtootherrankingfactors.【真題演練06】(2018全國(guó)I卷)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Colorisfundamentalinhomedesign–somethingyou’llalwayshaveineveryroom.Agraspofhowtomanagecolorinyourspacesisoneofthefirststepstocreatingroomsyou’lllovetolivein.Doyouwantaroomthat’sfulloflife?Professional?Orareyoujustlookingforaplacetorelaxafteralongday?36,coloristhekeytomakingaroomfeelthewayyouwantittofeel.Overtheyears,therehavebeenanumberofdifferenttechniquestohelpdesignersapproachthisimportantpoint.37,theycangetalittlecomplex.Butgoodnewsisthatthere’rereallyonlythreekindsofdecisionsyouneedtomakeaboutcolorinyourhome:thesmallones,themediumones,andthelargeones.38.They’rethelittlespotsofcolorlikethrowpillows,mirrorsandbasketsthatmostofususetoaddvisualinteresttoourrooms.Lesstiringthanpaintingyourwallsandlessexpensivethanbuyingacolorfulsofa,smallcolorchoicesbringwiththemthesignificantbenefitofbeingeasilychangeable.Mediumcolorchoicesaregenerallyfurniturepiecessuchassofas,dinnertablesorbookshelves.39.Theyrequireabiggercommitmentthansmallerones,andtheyhaveamorepowerfuleffectonthefeelingofaspace.Thelargecolordecisionsinyourroomsconcernthewalls,ceilings,andfloors.Whetheryou’relookingatwallpaperorpaint,thetime,effortandrelativeexpenseputintoitaresignificant.40.A.WhileallofthemareusefulB.Whateveryou’relookingforC.Ifyou’reexperimentingwithacolorD.Smallcolorchoicesaretheoneswe’remostfamiliarwithE.It’snotreallyagoodideatousetoomanysmallcolorpiecesF.Soitpaystobesure,becauseyouwanttogetitrightthefirsttimeG.Colorchoicesinthisrangeareastepupfromthesmallonesintwomajorways六、閱讀理解七選五名校模擬（12篇）（2024·廣西河池·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）SavetheEarthfromDecliningBiodiversityPlantsandanimalsdependoneachotherforsurvival.Findoutwhythisbiodiversityissoimportantandhowyoucanhelp.Skiptheselfie(自拍照).Ridingelephants,holdingmonkeys,andtakingphotoswithlittlelionmightseemfun,buttheseanimalsmighthavebeencaughtfromthewildandaren’tbeingproperlycaredfor.Avoidtheseactivitiesonvacationunlessyouknowthegroupistrustworthyandnottreatinganimalscruelly.1Standupforscaryanimals.Somepeopleareafraidofanimalslikewolves,sharks,andbatsandtrytoharmthem.2Becausetheykeeptheirhabitatshealthy.Sotelleveryonehowamazingtheyare.Badplants.3Theycandestroynativespeciesandshakeupthewholeecosystem.Youcanhelp.Signuptohelpremoveinvasiveplantsatalocalparkornaturecentre.Lightsoff.Birdscanbecomeconfusedbybrightnighttimelights,causingthemtocrashintowindowsorflyincirclesuntilthey’reverytired.4Youcanalsotalktoyourparentsaboutturningoffthelightsattheirhigh-riseoffices.5Bringbinoculars(望遠(yuǎn)鏡)onanoutdooradventuretoenjoywildlifefromafar.Thatwayyoudon’tdisturbanimals,whichcanchangetheirbehaviour.Critters(生物)arebetteroffspendingenergylookingforfoodorcaringforyoung—nothidingfromyou!A．Look—Don’ttouch.B．Buttheseanimalsaresuperimportant.C．Alargenumberofbirdsdiefromthese.D．Weshouldmakeanefforttoprotectlocalspecies.E．Askyourparentsnotto“l(fā)ike”similarphotosonsocialmedia.F．Invasivespeciesareplantsandanimalsthatdon’tbelonginahabitat.G．Turnoffunnecessarylightsatnightinthespringandfallwhenbirdsaremigrating.（2024·江西·二模）Weoftenseethatsomeofourfriendsalwaysappearrelaxed.6Thisisbecausetheyarebetterorganizedthanus.Ifwewanttoleadawell-organizedlife,somehabitshavetobecultivatedpurposefully.AplaceforeverythingandeverythinginitsplaceWhenwearelazyorinahurry,wekeepourthingsinthewrongplace.7Toleadanorganizedlife,weshouldmakesuretoputthingsbackintheirproperplace.AvoidmultitaskingWhenwearetryingtodomorethanonethingatatime,wecannotconcentrateonourworkproperly,resultinginpoorperformance.【例證關(guān)系】8Forexample,whiledoingourhomework,ifwekeepourmobilephonewithinourreachandkeeponreplyingtofriends’messages,ourqualityofworkwillsuffer.PlanaheadPlanningaheadisanimportantcharacteristicofanorganizedpersonality.Butweshouldberealisticinourplans.9

Practically,planningourdaily,weeklyandevenmonthlygoalsandtryingourbesttoachievethemwillmakelifemoreorganizedandtasksmoremanageableforus.ValueyourtimeAnotherkeytoleadingawell-organizedlifeistomanageyourtimeinthemostfruitfulway.Givingintotemptationusuallyresultsinwastedhourswhichweregretlateron.ThefamouscolumnistHarveyMacKaysaid,”Timeisfree,butit’spriceless.10“A．Thenwehavetowastelotsofprecioustimeandenergysearchingforthem.B．Theyarenotnervousduringexaminationsandseemtoenjoylifebetterthanus.C．Onceyou’velostit,youcannevergetitback.D．Thefewerthingswehave,theeasieritwillbetomanagethem.E．Theyfollowsomeruleswhichleadtoamoresuccessfullife.F．Therearetimeswhenwefindabigpartofwhatweaimedtodoisleftundone.G．Weshouldbeclearaboutwhathastobedoneandwhatisjustwastingtime.（2024·河南·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）WeoftenhearverybadstatisticsaboutthedestructionoftheAmazon.11OneAmazonianIndiantribe(部落)every