專題44 語法填空之自由填空（講案）原卷版

15/21高考一輪復(fù)習(xí)知識清單專題44語法填空之自由填空滿分策略（講案）原卷版（快問快答+思維導(dǎo)圖+考法點撥+真題再練+名校模擬）目錄一、語法填空快問快答P2二、語法填空高考考情P2三、語法填空解題策略P3四、語法填空思維導(dǎo)圖P4五、語法填空考法點撥P4考法一：自由填空如何確定填介詞P4考法二：自由填空如何確定填冠詞P5考法三：自由填空如何確定代詞P7考法四：自由填空如何確定并列連詞P9考法五：自由填空如何確定定語從句關(guān)系詞P11考法六：自由填空如何確定名詞性從句連接詞P14考法七：自由填空如何確定狀語從句連接詞P15六、語法填空真題演練(2023題組6篇)P16七、語法填空名校模擬(6篇)P19一、語法填空快問快答Q1：語法填空有什么特點？A1：在一篇200詞左右的語篇中留出10處空白，給詞填空占6—7個小題，每空最多填寫三個單詞，自由填空題設(shè)3—4個小題，每空只填一詞。Q2：語法填空做題步驟如何？A2：第一，通讀全文、明確大意。在通讀全文的過程中，弄清文章的體裁、題材(話題)、中心思想、寫作主線、段落層次等，這不僅有利于讀懂全文大意，也有利于填空時必要的邏輯推理。第二，細讀全文、逐項填空、先易后難。分出有提示詞和無提示詞兩類，分析提示詞詞性。重點分析空格句子的語法結(jié)構(gòu)。先易后難，利用下文，或在核查時進一步聯(lián)系上、下文推理解答。第三，復(fù)讀全文、清除難點。將所有答案填進短文中并進行通讀。通讀時注意上下文間的邏輯關(guān)系，避免出現(xiàn)前后矛盾或句子不通順的問題。Q3：語法填空有哪些命題趨勢？A3：高考英語語法填空命題注重通過精選語篇體現(xiàn)中華文明與世界文明的交流互鑒，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生增強國家認同和家國情懷，堅定文化自信，拓展國際視野，在跨文化交流學(xué)習(xí)中增進國際理解，推動世界文明共同發(fā)展。一是考查中國傳統(tǒng)文化，二是考查生活故事，三是考查科學(xué)技術(shù)進步。Q4：如何提高語法填空正答率？A4：一要掌握語法填空命題規(guī)律，熟能生巧，二要不斷擴大詞匯量，尤其是3500高考高頻詞匯變形和固定搭配，三要廣泛進行專項訓(xùn)練，積累做題經(jīng)驗，摸索出一套行之有效的個性化做題模式，四要重視糾錯，探尋錯誤原因，防止出現(xiàn)類似錯誤。二、語法填空高考考情2020-2024年高考語法填空考點統(tǒng)計年份卷別詞數(shù)給詞提示型無提示詞型謂語非謂語名詞形容詞副詞代詞介詞冠詞數(shù)詞并列句復(fù)合句2024新課標(biāo)I卷2431231111新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷220232111全國甲卷22321211122023新課標(biāo)I卷203421111新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷21111221111全國甲卷2201311211全國乙卷20123111112022新課標(biāo)I卷22922111111新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷2252212111全國甲卷2191312111全國乙卷222131111112021新課標(biāo)I卷20011131111新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷22012121111全國甲卷1862212111全國乙卷204122111112020新課標(biāo)I國I卷210311212全國Ⅱ卷2081312111全國III卷235321211點評：1.文章長約200個詞，設(shè)空10個。設(shè)空密度科學(xué)合理；2.給詞填空占6-7空，自由填空占3-4空；3.謂語和非謂語動詞是每年必考點，并列句和復(fù)合句也是高考熱點；4.實詞為主，虛詞為輔；介詞考查相對比較頻繁。三、語法填空解題策略1.瀏覽全文，明確大意瀏覽全文的目的是盡快把握其大意，利用“大意”這條“主線”來引導(dǎo)自己，為下一步填空作好準(zhǔn)備。除大意之外，在通讀全文的過程中，考生有必要弄清該文的體裁、題材、中心思想、寫作主線、段落層次等。了解這些問題，有利于考生真正讀懂全文大意，也有利于在填空時進行必要的邏輯推理。2.細讀全文，逐項填空了解文章大意之后，就可以著手填空了?？忌羁盏倪^程實際上是一個判斷空缺部分的語義（已給出詞語的除外）和正確的語法形式的思維過程。遇到無法確定的題目，可以先跳過去，不要花費太多的時間停留在一個空上。對于這些沒有答出的題目，后面的內(nèi)容有可能會給出提示，或者在核查時聯(lián)系上下文進行推理。 3.實用技能，反復(fù)驗證語法填空兩個重要理念：一是同一個考點不重復(fù)考查。如謂語考查兩個不同時態(tài)或同一時態(tài)不同語態(tài)；非謂語考查todo,-ing或-ed形式中1-3個；名詞考查動詞變名詞或單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)；形容詞考查變副詞或比較等級等；介詞、冠詞、代詞同一語篇一般只考查一次。二是括號內(nèi)所給單詞一次變形。想考查副詞給形容詞；想考查名詞給動詞或形容詞；想考查形容詞給名詞或動詞；想考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)給名詞單數(shù)形式。括號內(nèi)給動詞的三種填法：一是謂語動詞方向，然后進一步考慮該謂語動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致；二是非謂語動詞方向，再結(jié)合語境邏輯和搭配考慮用動詞不定式、-ing形式或過去分詞；三是動詞詞類轉(zhuǎn)換方向，結(jié)合語境考慮動詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞或轉(zhuǎn)化為-ing/-ed形容詞。填寫動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)和主謂一致“四看”：一看句子明確的時間狀語，如inthepastthreemonths;二看句子特定的句型，如Thisisthefirsttimethat…;三看主從句時態(tài)呼應(yīng)，如狀語從句考慮“主將從現(xiàn)”；四看特定語境，如科普類文章多用一般現(xiàn)在時，故事經(jīng)歷類文章多用一般過去時。4.復(fù)讀全文，調(diào)整答案在答題時間充裕的情況下，復(fù)查是必要的。復(fù)查的方法是將所有答案代入短文中進行檢查，以最后確定答案。通讀時要注意上下文之間的邏輯關(guān)系，避免出現(xiàn)前后矛盾或句子不通順的問題。一旦理順全文信息且多數(shù)空也已填好，一開始感到棘手的難點很可能此時已迎刃而解。四、語法填空思維導(dǎo)圖五、語法填空考法點撥考法一：自由填空如何確定填介詞當(dāng)空格后出現(xiàn)的是名詞、代詞或者動名詞，且這些詞不作主語、賓語或者表語時，需要考慮填介詞?！舅季S導(dǎo)圖】【解題技法】類別解題思路時間名詞前的介詞年月周前要用in，日子前面卻要禁。遇到幾號要用on，上午下午又是in。要說某日上下午，用on換in才能行。午夜黃昏須用at，黎明用它也不錯。at也用在時分前。地點和方式名詞的介詞在……里，用in；在……上，用on；穿過……，用through/across；通過……方式，用by；借助……工具，用with等?！敖樵~＋n.”搭配byaccident，introuble，inspiteof，inhonourof，insearchof，invain，inturn，inreturn，atrisk，onboard，onaverage等?！皏i.＋介詞”搭配remindsb.ofsth.，robsb.ofsth.，gobackto/datefrom，exchange...for...，runoutof，accountfor，agreewith等?！癮dj.＋介詞”搭配beknownas，becuriousabout，beproudof，berichin，bedevotedto等?！菊骖}調(diào)研】【調(diào)研01】（2024新課標(biāo)I卷）TheGlasshousestandsagreatachievementincontemporarydesign,tohousetheplantsofthesouthwesternpartofChinaattheendofapathretracing(追溯)thestepsalongtheSilkRoute…【調(diào)研02】（2024全國甲卷）Thisarea,withitsuniqueandbreathtakingnaturalbeauty,mustbewellpreserved__________allpeopleofthenationtoenjoy-asanationalpark.【調(diào)研03】(2024九省聯(lián)考卷)Hefeelsthatneathandwritingisstillanimportantskill,sohehashisstudentswritenotonlybyhandbutalso__________oldfashionedfountainpens.【調(diào)研04】(2023浙江1月卷)ThankstoBeijing’slonghistory___________capitalofChina,almosteveryhutonghasitsstories,andsomeareevenassociatedwithhistoricevents.【調(diào)研05】（2022新課標(biāo)I卷）Giantpandasalsoserve__________anumbrellaspecies(物種),bringingprotectiontoahostofplantsandanimalsinthesouthwesternandnorthwesternpartsofChina.【調(diào)研06】（2022全國甲卷）Now,CaohasstartedthesecondpartofhisdreamtowalkalongtheBeltandRoadroute.Heflew4,700kilometers_________Xi’antoKashgaronseat20,planningtohikebacktoXi’aninfivemonths.【調(diào)研07】(2021全國乙卷)Ecotourismhasitsoriginwiththeenvironmentalmovementofthe1970s.Itwasnotwidelyacceptedasatravelconcept__________thelate1980s.【調(diào)研08】(2020新課標(biāo)卷)Museumsmustcompete__________people’ssparetimeandmoneywithotheramusements.Mostmuseumsalsowelcomeschoolgroupsandarrangespecialactivitiesforchildren.考法二：自由填空如何確定填冠詞若空后有名詞且兩者搭配在一起表示泛指或特指，或者有序數(shù)詞、最高級、表示特指意義的比較級等形式，則一般填冠詞。此外，還需注意冠詞的固定搭配?！舅季S導(dǎo)圖】【解題技法】考查方向解題思路不定冠詞a/an1.在文中第一次提到可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)時，一般為泛指，用不定冠詞a/an。2.在序數(shù)詞前，表示“又一，再一”時，用不定冠詞a/an。3.a一般用于發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭的名詞前，an一般用于發(fā)音以元音音素開頭的名詞前(注意：并不是指輔音字母或者元音字母開頭的單詞)。定冠詞the1.第二次及以后提到時表特指，用定冠詞the。2.當(dāng)名詞后有定語修飾時，多數(shù)情況用定冠詞the。3.用在序數(shù)詞或最高級前或有only，very，same等修飾的名詞前。4.用在“逢十”的年代前，表示“在某世紀(jì)幾十年代”。5.用于表示姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前，表示“一家人”或“夫婦倆”。6.用于世界上獨一無二的事物前。7.用于被演奏的西洋樂器前。固定搭配與定冠詞the連用的常用短語：ontheotherhandbythewaytaketheplaceof...inthefrontof...allovertheworldattheendofthesame(...)asbytheendof...inthebeginningatthesametimeatthebeginningof...atthemoment【真題調(diào)研】【調(diào)研01】（2024新課標(biāo)I卷）Further,theSilkRouteGardenaroundthegreenhousewalksvisitorsthroughajourneyinfluencedbytheancientSilkRoad,bywhichsilkaswellasmanyplantspeciescametoBritainfor61firsttime.【調(diào)研02】（2024浙江1月卷）Overthelasttwoyears,somesupermarketshavestartedsellingchickenorsaladinpacksdesignedwithtwohalvescontainingseparateportions(份).Then,whenyouuseonesection,____________otherstaysfresh.【調(diào)研03】（2023新高考I卷）Themeatshouldbefreshwith43touchofsweetnessandthesouphot,clearanddelicious.【調(diào)研04】（2023新高考II卷）Notthepandas,eventhough39languageusedforthemedicaltraininginstructionsisactuallyEnglish.【調(diào)研05】（2023浙江1月卷）Incontrasttothecourtlifeandupper-classculturerepresentedbytheForbiddenCity,theSummerPalace,andtheTempleofHeaven,thehutongsreflectcultureofgrassrootsBeijingers.【調(diào)研06】（2022新高考I卷）Coveringanareaaboutthreetimes___________sizeofYellowstoneNationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparksinthecountry.【調(diào)研07】（2022新高考II卷）___________BrownfamilyliveinanapartmentbuildingoutsideToronto.Onthedayoftheaccident,Mrs.BrownwasatworkandEricwasathomewithhisfather.【調(diào)研08】（2021年新高考I卷）Whileyou’reinChina,MountHuangshanis___________musttovisit!考法三：自由填空如何確定代詞當(dāng)句子缺少主語或賓語時，一般要填入代詞或名詞。高考側(cè)重對it作形式主語、賓語的考查，近幾年對人稱代詞、不定代詞的考查往往會給提示詞的?！舅季S導(dǎo)圖】【解題技法】考查方向解題思路人稱代詞1.提示詞為代詞，當(dāng)句子缺少主語時，應(yīng)考慮人稱代詞主格(we，he，it，they等)形式。2.提示詞為代詞，當(dāng)句子缺少賓語或表語時應(yīng)考慮人稱代詞賓格(me，her，them等)形式。物主代詞1.提示詞為代詞，當(dāng)句子缺少定語時，應(yīng)考慮形容詞性物主代詞(my，its，their等)形式。2.提示詞為代詞，當(dāng)句子缺少主語或賓語，且表示擁有者時，應(yīng)考慮名詞性物主代詞(mine，yours，his，hers，its，ours，theirs等)形式。反身代詞提示詞為代詞，當(dāng)該詞作動詞或介詞的賓語或表語，且和主語是同一人時，應(yīng)考慮反身代詞(myself，yourself，himself，itself，ourselves，yourselves，themselves等)形式?！窘忸}技法】it典型場合典型示例替代it：it用作人稱代詞，用來指代事物或上文提到過的內(nèi)容。Learningisabitterroot,butitbearssweetfruit.學(xué)習(xí)根苦果甜。Iboughtachair.Itismadeofwood.我買了一把椅子。它是木頭做的。Thebabycriedbecauseitwashungry.這個嬰兒餓得啼哭。代詞it:it指時間、距離、天氣等。It's112milesfromLondontoBirmingham.從倫敦到伯明翰有112英里。Whattimeisit?It’stwo-thirty.幾點了？現(xiàn)在是兩點半。形式it:it作形式主語、賓語，不定式、動名詞或從句作真正主語Hefounditexcitingridingtherollercoaster.他覺得坐過山車很刺激。Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.覆水難收。It'sapitythatyouhavetogososoon.很遺憾你這么快就得走了。強調(diào)it:it用在強調(diào)句it's…who/that…中強調(diào)主語，賓語或狀語Itwashisparentsthatheturnedtoforadvice.他向父母尋求建議。ItwastwoyearsagothatIbegantolearndrawing.正是在兩年前我開始學(xué)習(xí)繪畫。無實義it:it僅構(gòu)成句型，無實義IoweittoyouthatIfinishedmyworkintime.我按時完成工作得感謝你。I'llseetoitthateverythingisreadyintime.我會確保一切按時準(zhǔn)備好。習(xí)語it:it用于一些習(xí)慣搭配中Believeitornot,Tomgotmarriedlastweek.信不信由你湯姆上周結(jié)婚了。Wemadeittothesummitofthemountain.我們成功的登上了山頂?！菊骖}調(diào)研】【調(diào)研01】(2024九省聯(lián)考卷)However,hebelievesthatthepracticewithfountainpenshelpsstudentstofocus,towritefaster,andtheycanfeelproudof(they).【調(diào)研02】（2024全國甲卷）Thisarea,with66(it)uniqueandbreathtakingnaturalbeauty,mustbewellpreservedforallpeopleofthenationtoenjoy-asanationalpark.【調(diào)研03】（2024全國甲卷）Lastweek,IsawaprogramaboutChongqinghotpotonTV.Iwascuriousbutplannedaspecialone-daytriptherewithafriendofme.【調(diào)研04】(2024浙江1月卷)Whoknows,perhapssomeofthemoreforward-looking65(one)mayyetcomeoutwithawholerangeof“justforyou”packsizeswithspecialoffersaswell.【調(diào)研05】（2023新課標(biāo)I卷）Nanxiangaside,thebestXiaolongbaohaveafineskin,allowingthemtobeliftedoutofthesteamerbasketwithoutallowingthemtearingorspillinganyof42(they)contents.【調(diào)研06】（2021浙江卷）Shewasextremelypretty,andherhousewasareflectionof_________(she),everythingingoodtasteandinperfectorder.【調(diào)研07】（2021新課標(biāo)I卷）Asthesonggoes,thislongandwindingroad“willneverdisappear”,anditwillalwaysstickinthevisitor’smemory.Itsuredoesin__________(I).Whileyou’reinChina,MountHuangshanisamustto【調(diào)研08】（2021全國乙卷）Ecotourismhas_________(it)originwiththeenvironmentalmovementofthe1970s.Itwasnotwidelyacceptedasatravelconceptuntilthelate1980s.考法四：自由填空如何確定并列連詞當(dāng)空格處前后是同一層次并具有相同句法功能的詞、短語或句子時，空格處一般填并列連詞。此時要根據(jù)前后部分的邏輯關(guān)系或固定句式去填and,but，or等?！菊骖}調(diào)研】【解題技法】考查方向解題思路并列連詞1.表示并列或遞進關(guān)系的有：and，both...and...，notonly...but(also)...等。2.表示選擇關(guān)系的有：or，either...or...，not...but...等。3.表示轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ汝P(guān)系的有：but，while等。4.表示因果關(guān)系的有：so，for等。固定句型1.“祈使句＋and/or＋陳述句”2.bedoing...when...3.beabouttodo...when...4.beonthepointofdoing...when...5.hadjustdone...when...【真題調(diào)研】【調(diào)研01】（2024新課標(biāo)I卷）…Edmondsonsaid,“ItwasveryexcitingtoheartheChineselanguage________seehowTang’splaywasbeingperformed.”【調(diào)研02】（2023新高考I卷）Toeatone,youhavetodecidewhethertobiteasmallholeinitfirst,releasingthestreamandriskingaspill(溢出),38toputthewholedumplinginyourmouth,lettingthehotsoupexplodeonyourtongue.【調(diào)研03】（2023新高考II卷）It’sbeenanhonortowatchthepandaprogrammedevelop44toseethepandassettleintotheirnewhome.【調(diào)研04】（2023全國乙卷）Itisadistinctvisualcontrast(反差)thatshouldn’twork,65somehowthesetwoverydifferentworldsmakeagoodcombination.【調(diào)研05】（2023浙江1月卷）DuringChina’sdynasticperiod,emperorsplannedthecityofBeijingarrangedtheresidentialareasaccordingtosocialclasses.【調(diào)研06】（2022新高考I卷）Afterathree-yearpilotperiod,theGPNPwillbeofficiallysetupnextyear.TheGPNPisdesignedtoreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,__________leavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets(資產(chǎn))forfuturegenerations”.【調(diào)研07】（2022新高考II卷）Hehungonforafewminutes___________screamedforhisfather,buthisfatherdidn'thearhim.【調(diào)研08】（2021浙江卷1月）AlthoughMarylovedflowers,__________shenorherhusbandwasknownasagardener.考法五：自由填空如何確定定語從句關(guān)系詞設(shè)空處跟在名詞后面，且空后的句子對這個名詞進行修飾限定，即表示這個名詞的性質(zhì)、特點等，則為定語從句，然后再根據(jù)這個名詞在空后句子中所作的成分去判斷用何關(guān)系詞?！舅季S導(dǎo)圖】【解題技法】考查方向解題思路關(guān)系代詞1.先行詞指人且所填關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語時，可以用關(guān)系詞that或who。2.先行詞指人且所填關(guān)系詞在從句中作賓語時，可以用關(guān)系詞that或whom或who，也可以不填。3.先行詞指物且所填關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語或賓語時，可以用關(guān)系詞that或which。4.先行詞指人或物且所填關(guān)系詞在從句中作定語時，可以用關(guān)系詞whose。5.在非限制性定語從句中不能用關(guān)系詞that。6.在非限制性定語從句中，如果先行詞是前面的整個句子或句子的一部分時，可以用關(guān)系詞as或which。as譯為“正如”；which譯為“這一點，這件事”，表明事物的狀態(tài)或結(jié)果。關(guān)系副詞先行詞是表示時間、地點或原因的名詞且所填關(guān)系詞在從句中作狀語時，可以用關(guān)系詞when，where或why。注意：先行詞是表示時間、地點或原因的名詞且所填關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語或賓語時，可以用關(guān)系詞that或which。介詞＋關(guān)系詞1.關(guān)系詞依據(jù)先行詞來確定，如果先行詞指人，用whom；如果先行詞指物，用which；如果先行詞指人或物，且關(guān)系詞在從句中作定語，則用whose。2.介詞根據(jù)以下原則來確定：(1)與先行詞的搭配；(2)與從句謂語的搭配?！菊骖}調(diào)研】【調(diào)研01】（2024新課標(biāo)I卷）TheGlasshousestandsasagreatachievementincontemporarydesign,tohousetheplantsofthesouthwesternpartofChinaattheendofapathretracing(追溯)thestepsalongtheSilkRoute_______broughttheplantsfromtheirnativehabitatinAsiatocometodefinemuchoftherichnessofgardeninginEngland.【調(diào)研02】（2024全國甲卷）YellowstonewasthelargestUnitedStatesnationalpark-2.2millionacres-untilWrangell-SaintEliasinsouthernAlaska,becameanationalmonumentin1978,tookthehonorsasanationalparkin1980with12.3millionacres.【調(diào)研03】（2024北京卷）Tinniswood,doesn’tsmokeandrarelydrinks,creditedmoderationforhelpinghimstayhealthyduringhislonglife.【調(diào)研04】（2023全國甲卷）Yet,theformofthefablestillhasvaluestoday,63RachelCarsonsaysin“AFableforTomorrow”.【調(diào)研05】（2023全國甲卷）“TherewasonceatownintheheartofAmerica,64alllifeseemedtoenjoypeacefulexistencewithissurroundings,”herfablebegins,borrowingsomefamiliarwordsfrommanyage-oldfables.【調(diào)研06】（2022新高考I卷）TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforallthespecies____65____livewithintheGiantPandaRangeandsignificantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosysteminthearea.【調(diào)研07】（2022全國甲卷）Onthe1,100.Kilometerjourney,themanCaoShengkang,_________losthiseyesightattheageofeightinacaraccident,crossed40citiesandcountiesinthreeprovince.【調(diào)研08】（2020全國III卷）InancientChinalivedanartist______paintingswerealmostlifelike.考法六：自由填空如何確定名詞性從句連接詞設(shè)空處后面有兩個謂語動詞，通常后面的那個是主句的謂語，前面為主語從句；設(shè)空處跟在及物動詞或介詞后面，且后面有謂語動詞，通常為賓語從句；設(shè)空處跟在系動詞后面(注意系動詞不僅僅是指be動詞，還包括感官動詞和表示動作保持或變化的動詞)，則為表語從句?！菊骖}細目】卷別主語從句賓語從句表語從句同位語從句2024浙江1月卷what2023新高考II卷why2022年天津卷what2022浙江I月卷if/whether2022天津卷how2021新課標(biāo)I卷What2021天津卷what2021北京卷where2021天津卷why2020浙江卷what2020北京卷2020江蘇卷whether2019全國I卷that【解題技法】考查方向解題思路從屬連詞that和whether/if分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，若不缺任何成分也沒有任何意思，只起連接作用，要考慮連接詞that；若表示“是否”的意思，要考慮連接詞whether；if可以用于引導(dǎo)賓語從句。連接代詞分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，若從句缺少主語、賓語、表語，要用連接代詞what，who，whom，which，whose，whatever等。連接副詞分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，若從句缺少狀語，要用連接副詞where(表地點)，when(表時間)，how(表方式或程度)，why(表原因)等。形式主語和形式賓語it在名詞性從句中it作形式主語或形式賓語。其用法在前面代詞講解時已經(jīng)提到。【真題調(diào)研】【調(diào)研01】（2024浙江1月卷）Ifmostoftheircustomersarehappytobuylargerquantities,that’s_________they’llpromote.【調(diào)研02】（2023新高考II卷）TheyalsoneedtobereadytogiveinterviewsinEnglishwithinternationaljournalists.Thisis_________theyneedanEnglishtrainer.【調(diào)研03】（2020·天津卷改編）Thestudentcompletedthisexperimenttomakecometrue__________ProfessorJosephhadsaid.【調(diào)研04】（2019全國I卷）Whiletheyarerarenorthof88°，thereisevidence________theyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.【調(diào)研05】（2020·江蘇卷改編）Itisnotaproblem__________wecanwinthebattle;it’sjustamatteroftime.【調(diào)研06】（2021年北京卷）Thepoorwomanwasn'tabletogivehimanyinformationabout________shelived.【調(diào)研07】（2018年天津卷改編）Thegoldmedalwillbeawardedto___________winsthefirstplaceinthebicyclerace.【調(diào)研08】（2015全國II卷）Asnaturalarchitects,thePuebloIndiansfiguredoutexactly_________thicktheadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays.考法七：自由填空如何確定狀語從句連接詞設(shè)空處所在的句子后面為逗號，逗號后為另一個句子，此時一般為狀語從句。從屬連詞是連詞的一種，用來引導(dǎo)從句，作為主句的一部分，修飾主句。確定從屬連詞的關(guān)鍵是，先判斷其前后是不是兩個完整的句子，它們是否都有各自的謂語，然后根據(jù)句意確定它們的從屬關(guān)系判斷具體用哪個詞?！舅季S導(dǎo)圖】【真題調(diào)研】【調(diào)研01】（2022全國甲卷改編）Thedisagreementwas______sharpthatneitherhenorIknewhowtosettleit.【調(diào)研02】（2021全國甲卷改編）Inmyopinion,________introuble,weshouldseekhelpfromthosewetrustmostly.【調(diào)研03】（2020全國III卷）__________heaskedthevillagersonthebanksoftheriverwherehecouldfindthelegendary(傳奇的)artist,theysmiledandpointeddowntheriver.【調(diào)研04】（2016全國III卷）Overtime，____________thepopulationgrew，peoplebegancuttingfoodintosmallpiecessoitwouldcookmorequickly.【調(diào)研05】（2021年天津卷改編）Weallneedtogetinvolvedinsavingenergy________it'satwork,athome,oratschool.【調(diào)研06】（2021年天津卷）Feelingfearfulishealthy________ithelpsyouslowdownandevaluaterisksproperly.【調(diào)研07】（2016全國II卷）So,getanearlystartandtrytobeasproductive___________possiblebeforelunch.【調(diào)研08】（2021年新高考I卷）Theamazingthingaboutthespringisthatthecolderthetemperaturegets,the__________(hot)thespring!六、語法填空高考真題演練（3類6篇）【真題01】（2023年新課標(biāo)I卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Xiaolongbao(soupdumplings),thoseamazingconstructionsofdelicatedumplingwrappers,encasinghot,36(taste)soupandsweet,freshmeat,arefarandawaymyfavoriteChinesestreetfood.Thedumplingsarrivesteaminganddangerouslyhot.Toeatone,youhavetodecidewhether37(bite)asmallholeinitfirst,releasingthestreamandriskingaspill(溢出),38toputthewholedumplinginyourmouth,lettingthehotsoupexplodeonyourtongue.Shanghaimaybethe39(recognize)homeofthesoupdumplingsbutfoodhistorianswillactuallypointyoutotheneighboringcanaltownofNanxiangasXiaolonghao’sbirthplace.Thereyouwillfindthemprepareddifferently-moredumplingandlesssoup,andthewrappersarepressed40handratherthanrolled.Nanxiangaside,thebestXiaolongbaohaveafineskin,allowingthem41(lift)outofthesteamerbasketwithoutallowingthemtearingorspillinganyof42(they)contents.Themeatshouldbefreshwith43touchofsweetnessandthesouphot,clearanddelicious.NomatterwhereIbuythem,onesteameris44(rare)enough,yettwoseemsgreedy,soIamalwaysleft45(want)morenexttime.【真題02】（2023年新課標(biāo)II卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。WheneverItellpeoplethatIteachEnglishattheBerlinZoo,Ialmostalwaysgetaquestioninglook.Behindit,thepersonistryingtofigureoutwhoexactlyIteach…theanimals?SinceJune2017,rightbeforethe36(arrive)ofthetwonewpandas,MengMengandJiaoQing,Ihavebeenhelpingthepandakeepersatthezootofeelmorecomfortableand37(confidence)speakingEnglish.AndwhodotheyspeakEnglish38?Notthepandas,eventhough39languageusedforthemedicaltraininginstructionsisactuallyEnglish.Theytalktothefloodofinternationaltouristsandto40(visit)Chinesezookeeperswhooftencometocheckonthepandas,whichareonloanfromChina.Theyalsoneedtobereadytogive41(interview)inEnglishwithinternationaljournalists.Thisis42theyneedanEnglishtrainer.So,whataretheylearning?43(basic),howtodescribeapanda’slife.It’sbeenanhonortowatchthepandaprogrammedevelop44toseethepandassettleintotheirnewhome.Asalittlegirl,I45(wish)tobeazookeeperwhenIgrewup.Now,I’mlivingoutthatdreamindirectlybyhelpingthepandakeepersdotheirjobinEnglish.【真題03】（2023年全國甲卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Forthousandsofyears,peoplehavetoldfables(寓言)61(teach)alessonortopassonwisdom.Fableswerepartoftheoraltraditionofmanyearlycultures,andthewell-knownAesop’sfablesdatetothe62(six)century,B.C.Yet,theformofthefablestillhasvaluestoday,63RachelCarsonsaysin“AFableforTomorrow”.Carsonusesasimple,directstylecommontofable.Infact,herstyleandtone(口吻)areseeminglydirectedatchildren.“TherewasonceatownintheheartofAmerica,64alllifeseemedtoenjoypeacefulexistencewithitssurroundings,”herfablebegins,65(borrow)somefamiliarwordsfrommanyage-oldfables.Behindthesimplestyle,however,isaseriousmessage66(intend)foreveryone.67(difference)fromtraditionalfables,Carson’sstoryendswithanaccusationinsteadofamoral.Shewarnsoftheenvironmentaldangersfacingsociety,andsheteachesthatpeoplemusttakeresponsibility68savingtheirenvironment.Thethemesoftraditionalfablesoftendealwithsimpletruthsabouteverydaylife.However,Cason’sthemeisamoreweighty69(warn)aboutenvironmentaldestruction.Carsonprovesthatasimplelyricformthathasbeenpasseddownthroughtheagescanstill70(employ)todaytodrawattentiontoimportanttruths.【真題04】（2023年全國乙卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Beijingisacitybridgingtheancientandthemodern.FromBuddhisttemplestomuseums,narrowhutong61royalpalaces,itishometomorethan3,000yearsofglorioushistoryevendowntoitslayout,withthecitykeepingitscarefully62(build)systemofringroads.Butforallitsancientbuildings,Beijingisalsoaplace63welcomesthefast-paceddevelopmentofmodernlife,with21st-centuryarchitectural64(wonder)standingsidebysidewithhistoricalbuildingsofthepast.Itisadistinctvisualcontrast(反差)thatshouldn’twork,65somehowthesetwoverydifferentworldsmakeagoodcombination.66(visit)severaltimesoverthelast10years,I67(amaze)bytheco-existenceofoldandnew,andhowacitywasabletokeepsucharichheritage(遺產(chǎn))whileconstantlygrowing.Asaphotographer,Ihavespentthelasttwoyears68(record)everythingIdiscovered.The69(remark)developmentofthiscity,whichisconsciouslydesignedtoprotectthepastwhilesteppingintothemodernworld,70(mean)thereisalwayssomethingnewtodiscoverhere,andIcouldbephotographingBeijingforthenext50years.【真題05】（2023年浙江1月卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。DuringChina’sdynasticperiod,emperorsplannedthecityofBeijing56arrangedtheresidentialareasaccordingtosocialclasses.Theterm“hutong”,57(original)meaning“waterwell”inMongolian,appearedfirstduringtheYuanDynasty.IntheMingDynasty,thecenterwastheForbiddenCity,58(surround)inconcentric(同心的)circlesbytheInnerCityandOuterCity.Citizensofhighersocialclasses59(permit)toliveclosertothecenterofthecircles.Thelargesiheyuanofthesehigh-rankingofficialsandwealthybusinessmenoften60(feature)beautifullycarvedandpaintedroofbeamsandpillars(柱子).Thehutongstheyformedwereorderly,linedby61(space)homesandwalledgardens.Fartherfromthecenterlivedthecommonersandlaborers.Theirsiheyuanwerefarsmallerinscaleand62(simple)indesignanddecoration,andthehutongswerenarrower.HutongsrepresentanimportantculturalelementofthecityofBeijing.ThankstoBeijing’slonghistory63capitalofChina,almosteveryhutonghasitsstories,andsomeareevenassociatedwithhistoric64(event).Incontrasttothecourtlifeandupper-classculturerepresentedbytheForbiddenCity,theSummerPalace,andtheTempleofHeaven,thehutongsreflect65cultureofgrassrootsBeijingers.【真題06】（2023年北京卷）A閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Everycultureisriddledwithunwrittenrules,suchasonesonpunctuality(守時).I’mBritish.SoonaftermovingtoSwitzerland,I____11____(throw)ahouse-warmingpartyandwasgreatlysurprisedwhenall30guestsshowedup____12____(exact)ontime.Yearslater,havingmovedtoFrance.Iturnedupattheappointedhourforadinner,onlytofindthatnootherguest____13____(arrive)andmyhostesswasstillinhersleepingsuit.B閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Mangroves,knownas“redforest”inChina,growbetweenlandandsea,characterisedbytheircomplexroots.When____14____(see)fromafar,themangroveforestsappearmoresplendid.Mangrovescanhelpsoftenwavesandprotect____15____(city)fromcoastalwinds.Forthesereasons,theyarepraisedas“coastalguardians”.Uptonow,China____16____(establish)anumberofprotectedareaswithmangroves.C閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Ninahasrunmarathonsin32countries.Allofherrunshaveaguidingpurpose:tocallattention____17____globalwaterissues.Ninarecentlyfinishedheryear-longseriesofrunsinChicago,____18____thousandswereattendingawaterconference.Shecalledforaction____19____(address)thestrugglesofpeoplearoundtheworld____20____(face)“toolittlewaterortoodirtywater”.Hereffortshaveencouragedotherstotakepartbyrunningthroughaglobalcampaigncalled“RunBlue”.七、語法填空高考名校模擬（10篇）（24-25高三上·廣東廣州·開學(xué)考試）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。CentralAxis:TheBackboneofBeijingBejingCentralAxis(中軸線),runningnorth-souththroughtheheartoftheoldcityofBeijingandgoverningtheoveralllayoutofthecapital,is1integrationofbuildingcomplexesandarcheologicalsites.Initiallyconstructedinthe13thcenturyandshapedinthe16thcentury,BeiingCentralAxiswascontinuouslyperfectedoversevencenturies,givingrisetoawell-organizedandimposingbuildingensemblethatmanifests(彰顯)the2(idea)orderoftheancientChinesecapitaldeep3(root)inthecapitalplanningtraditionforovertwomillennia.FromYongdingGatetotheBellandDrumTowersviaZhengyangGate,Tian’anmen,TaihePalace,JingshanMountain,BeijingCentralAxisconnectstheouter,innerandimperialcity4theimperialpalace.Themainbuildingsalongthecentralaxisaresymmetricalandstaggeredin5(high),thuscreatingauniqueandmagnificentpicture.Inadditionto6(form)thebackboneoftheframeofBeijingcity,itservesasthebestembodimentofthecapital’sboundlesscharm7makesitafamoushistoricalandculturalcity.TheCentralAxisofBeijingwhichlinkstheancienttimesandthepresenthasexperiencedthechangesoftimesandwitnessedthecontinuousdevelopmentoftheChinesecivilization.Nowadays,theapplicationfortheworldheritagestatusofBeijingCentralAxis8(include)inthecoreareaplanningalready,andthisamazingurbanlandscapeisbecomingadevelopmentaxisthat9(highlight)theprotectionoftheancientcapitalandthedevelopmentofthecity.Inthefuture,itwillcontinuetoglow(煥發(fā))withvibrantcharmandnourishtheChinesecivilizationwhichstandsintheEastoftheworldwitha10(calm)andmoreconfidentposture.（24-25高三上·湖北武漢·階段練習(xí)）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Chinaispromotingthecommercial11(apply)ofintelligentconnectedvehicles.Asofnow,thecountry12(establish)7pilotareasfortheInternetofVehiclesand17nationallevelintelligentconnectedvehicletestanddemonstrationbases.BloombergpredictedinApril13ElonMuskwouldliketotestitsfullyautomateddrivingtechnologyinCh