專題31名詞用法通關(guān)(五年真題備考策略名校模擬原創(chuàng)語填)原卷版

2025年新高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)筑基培優(yōu)方案（北師大版2019）第三章核心語法專題31名詞用法講練測通關(guān)(五年真題+備考策略+名校模擬+原創(chuàng)語填)原卷版目錄一、高考真題—名詞5大考點46例真題分類通關(guān)1二、備考策略—5大考向+思維導(dǎo)圖+考點表解3三、名校模擬—最新高頻易錯單句填空30例6四、原創(chuàng)語填—中國隊逆轉(zhuǎn)奪巴黎奧運會男子4×100米混合泳接力金牌7一、五年高考真題分類通關(guān)真題調(diào)研一：考查動詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞1.（2024全國甲卷）Theyallagreedandvowed(承諾)topromotetheideaatthe(plete)oftheirjourney.2.（2024浙江1月卷）Manysupermarketsarenolongerdoing“buyonegetonefree”promotionsbecauseofthe__________(criticize)thattheyleadtowaste.3.(2023新高考II卷）SinceJune2017,rightbeforethe__________(arrive)ofthetwonewpandas,MengMengandJiaoQing,IhavebeenhelpingthepandakeepersatthezootofeelmorefortableandconfidentspeakingEnglish.4.（2023全國甲卷）Thethemesoftraditionalfablesoftendealwithsimpletruthsabouteverydaylife.However,Cason’sthemeisamoreweighty__________(warn)aboutenvironmentaldestruction.5.（2022全國甲卷）CaoandWualsocollectedgarbagealongtheroad,inordertopromoteenvironmental___________(protect).6.（2022浙江1月卷）Whentheanswer,wasno,she,declinedthe___________(invite).7.（2021新高考II卷）Apany________(represent)wrotebackandtoldmetheairlinewasswitchingoverfromplastictopapercupsonallofits1,200dailyflights.8.（2021全國乙卷）Itisdifferentfromtraditionaltourismbecauseitallowsthetravelertobeeeducateabouttheareas—bothintermsofgeographicalconditionsandculturalcharacteristics,andoftenprovidesmoneyforconservationandbenefitsthe_____________(develop)ofthelocalareas.9.（2021浙江卷）In1844theyboughtitfor$1,200andsomelandfromCharlesDresser,whoperformedtheir___________(marry)ceremonyin1842.10.（2020新課標(biāo)II卷）ChineseNewYearisa___________(celebrate)markingtheendofthewinterseasonandthebeginningofspring.11.(2019新課標(biāo)I卷)Leadingtoa________(believe)thatpopulationsareincreasing.12.（2019新課標(biāo)III卷）Whentheywerefreefromwork，theyinvitedustolocaleventsandletusknowofaninteresting________(pete)towatch,togetherwiththestorybehindit.真題調(diào)研二：考查形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞13.（2024新課標(biāo)I卷）TheGlasshousestandsasagreatachievementincontemporarydesign,tohousetheplantsofthesouthwesternpartofChinaattheendofapathretracing(追溯)thestepsalongtheSilkRoutethatbroughttheplantsfromtheirnativehabitatinAsiatoetodefinemuchofthe65(rich)ofgardeninginEngland.14.（2024新課標(biāo)II卷）ThoseculturalelementshaveincreasedStratford’sinternational___62___(visible),saidEdmondson,addingthatvisitorswalkingthroughtheBirthplaceGardenwereoftenamazedtofindtheconnectionbetweenthetwogreatwriters.15.（2022全國乙卷）“AsamainpromoteroftheInternationalTeaDay,thebirthplaceofteaandthelargestteaproducingcountry,Chinahasa__________(responsible)toworkwithothercountriestopromotethehealthydevelopmentoftheteaindustry.16.（2020新課標(biāo)I卷）Thefarsideofthemoonisofparticular__________(interesting)toscientists17.（2020新課標(biāo)III卷）Filledwith__________(curious),theartistpackedhisbagsandleft.18.（2020山東卷）Historical__________(accurate)isimportantbutsoisentertainment.真題調(diào)研三：考查名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)19.（2024新課標(biāo)II卷）Althoughtheycouldneverhavemet,therearemon(theme)intheirworks,saidPaulEdmondson,headofresearchfortheShakespeareBirthplaceTrust.20.（2024新課標(biāo)I卷）TheseplantsincludedmodernWestern(favourite)suchasrosemary,lavenderandfennel.21.（2024全國甲卷）Althoughparksofallsizesandtypesexistatanylevel,thenationalparks,inparticular,tendtocatchourattentionbecauseoftheirlargesizeandvariety.Theyare(treasure)ofAmericanheritage(遺產(chǎn)).22.（2021北京卷）Topractisethis,weneedtoestablishclear(boundary)inourpersonalandprofessionallife.23.（2023新高考II卷）Theyalsoneedtobereadytogive(interview)inEnglishwithinternationaljournalists.24.（2023全國乙卷）Butforallitsancientbuildings,Beijingisalsoaplacethatwelesthefastpaceddevelopmentofmodernlife,with21stcenturyarchitectural(wonder)standingsidebysidewithhistoricalbuildingsofthepast.25.（2022新高考I卷）TheGPNP’smaingoalistoimproveconnectivitybetweenseparate___________(population)andhomesofgiantpandas,26.（2023浙江1月卷）ThankstoBeijing’slonghistoryascapitalofChina,almosteveryhutonghasitsstories,andsomeareevenassociatedwithhistoric(event).27.（2021新高考I卷）Therollingseaofcloudsyouseeonceyouareatthetopwillremindyouhowtinywe_________(human)are.28.（2021全國甲卷）Supposedlyyoucandoitintwohours,butwestoppedatthedifferentgatesand__________(watchtower)tofakepicturesorjusttowatchthelocalpeople29.（2021全國乙卷）___________(activity)thererangefromwhalewatchingtohiking(遠(yuǎn)足)30.（2021北京卷）Whydowedream？Scientistsaren'tpletelysure,andtheyhavediverse_____________(idea).31.（2020年北京卷）Now,lotsof______________(country)andregionsaretakingactiontobanthesaleofsuchbagstostoppeopleusingthem.32.（2020浙江卷）Later，theylearnedtoworkwiththe__________(season)，plantingattherighttimeand，indryareas，makinguseofannualfloodstoirrigate(灌溉)theirfields.33.（2020浙江卷1月）ForJapan,the__________(number)aremorestriking22in1950,46todayand53in2050.34.（2019北京卷）Nomatterwhatyouliketodo,thereisawaytogetinvolvedinvarious__________(activity)onEarthDay.真題調(diào)研四：考查名詞所有格35.（2022新高考II卷）Hesavedmy_________(son)life,"saidMrs.Brown.36.（2021浙江卷1月）Itiscalculatedbydividinga__________(person)weightinkgbytheirheightinmeterssquared,andaBMIofbetween19and25isconsideredhealthy.真題調(diào)研五：單句改錯考查名詞用法37.（2023全國甲卷）Thebees,butterflyandmanyotherinsectslookedlovelyandbeautifulonthestamps.38.（2022全國乙卷）Ourcitieswillbebetterplacesifwereplacecarswithbicycle.39.（2021全國甲卷）Herearetheresults.Manystudentssaytheywilltalktotheirfriendorclassmatesbecausethey'reofthesameageandcanunderstandeachother.40.（2021全國乙卷）Ilovedoinghousework.Ialwaysassistmyparentsindoingthedishaftermeals.41.（2020新課標(biāo)I卷）NextIbroketheeggsintoabowlandbeatthemquicklywithchopstick.42.（2020新課標(biāo)II卷）Luckily,Iwillgohomeintwoweeksforsummervacations.43.（2019新課標(biāo)I卷）Toeveryone`ssurprising,theballwentintothenet.44.（2019新課標(biāo)I卷）Allthefootballplayerontheplaygroundcheeredloudly,sayingthatIhadatalentforfootball.45.（2019新課標(biāo)II卷）SinceIwasakid,I’veconsidereddifferentjobIwouldliketodo.46.（2019新課標(biāo)II卷）Iwishtohaveachainofcafesinmanydifferentcity.二、名詞支架式備考策略一、高考名詞命題趨勢考向一、考查動詞轉(zhuǎn)換為名詞的場合和規(guī)則考向二、考查形容詞轉(zhuǎn)換為名詞的場合和規(guī)則考向三、考查名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則和不規(guī)則變化考向四、考查名詞所有格用法二、高考名詞思維導(dǎo)圖三、名詞核心考點歸納考點1：動詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞的后綴后綴例詞－ion/－tion/－sion/ationcorrect→correction改正celebrate→celebration慶祝conclude→conclusion結(jié)論；結(jié)束discuss→discussion討論；論述admit→admission承認(rèn)；準(zhǔn)許加入permit→permission允許，許可invite→invitation邀請explain→explanation解釋graduate→graduation畢業(yè)expect→expectation期望－er/－orsail→sailor海員，水手drive→driver司機；駕駛員gather→gatherer收集者，采集者teach→teacher老師announce→announcer廣播員conduct→conductor指揮；售票員－mentpunish→punishment懲罰achieve→achievement成就argue→argument辯論；論據(jù)treat→treatment對待；治療equip→equipment裝備；設(shè)備govern→government政府－ance/－enceappear→appearance出現(xiàn)；外貌guide→guidance指引；指導(dǎo)perform→performance表演；表現(xiàn)exist→existence存在；生存prefer→preference偏愛refer→reference參考，查閱－ure/turefail→failure失?。坏归]press→pressure壓力depart→departure離開；出發(fā)mix→mixture混合(物)－inghear→hearing聽力，聽覺begin→beginning開始－yrecover→recovery恢復(fù)discover→discovery發(fā)現(xiàn)考點2：形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞的后綴后綴例詞－ageshort→shortage短缺percent→percentage百分比－cyefficient→efficiency效率fluent→fluency流利accurate→accuracy準(zhǔn)確性private→privacy隱私－domfree→freedom自由wise→wisdom明智；智慧－encedifferent→difference差異evident→evidence證據(jù)－nessweak→weakness虛弱；弱點thick→thickness厚度kind→kindness仁慈，友好careless→carelessness粗心大意－thstrong→strength力氣；優(yōu)勢warm→warmth溫暖；熱情－y/－ty/－itysafe→safety安全disable→disability缺陷；傷殘responsible→responsibility責(zé)任honest→honesty誠實考點3：名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則變化種類變化例詞一般情況詞尾加sbook→books,pen→pens以s，x，ch，sh結(jié)尾詞尾加esbus→buses，bench→benches，box→boxes，dish→dishes，但stomach例外，其后直接加s以“輔音字母＋y”結(jié)尾變y為i后加esfamily→families，city→cities以“元音字母＋y”結(jié)尾詞尾加skey→keys，boy→boys以f或fe結(jié)尾多數(shù)變f或fe為v后加esleaf→leaves，life→lives,knife→knives少數(shù)詞尾加schief→chiefs,roof→roofs,belief→beliefs以字母o結(jié)尾詞尾加eshero→heroes,potato→potatoes，tomato→tomatoes詞尾加sphoto→photos,kilo→kilos,piano→pianos以sis結(jié)尾的外來詞變sis為sesbasis→bases,analysis→analyses,crisis→crises考點4：名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)不規(guī)則變化種類例詞單復(fù)數(shù)同形deer,sheep,Chinese,aircraft,means,series,species,headquarters單數(shù)形式復(fù)數(shù)意義people,police,cattle復(fù)數(shù)形式單數(shù)意義news,physics,politics合成詞變復(fù)數(shù)passer-by→passers-by，son-in-law→sons-in-law,looker-on→lookers-on,go-between→go-betweens,grown-up→grownups詞形變化man→men，child→children，tooth→teeth,foot→feet,mouse→mice,medium→media,bacterium→bacteria三、名詞單句填空強化訓(xùn)練1.ThemovienamedALittleRedFlowershows________(parent)lovefortheirchildren.2.Toletusknowmoreaboutyourhometown,canyougivea________(describe)ofit?3.Thentherewasan________(explode)ofbrightcoloursandlivelymusic,andthegroupjumpedintoaction.4.Ourteacherofferedushis________(remend)thatweshouldgiveupthatplan.5.____________(wise)istheabilitytomakesensibledecisionsandgivegoodadvice.6.Thetechniquesdiscussedherealsoworkin________(bine)withthosewe’vediscussedpreviously.7.Hefeltasenseof________(relieve)thathispartinthisbusinesswasnowover.8.Facial________(識別)technologyhasbeenusedinthecollegeentranceexamination.9.Only5studentssufferedslight___________(injure),despitethecurrentfiguresof7killedinthedisasterareaatlarge.10.Hissilenceonthesubjecthasbeenconsideredasan________(admit)ofguiltbythemedia.11.________(popular)isawellexploredsubjectinsocialpsychology.12.The________(girl)shoeswerecoveredwithmud,soIaskedthemtotakethemoffbeforetheygotinto________(Tom)car.13.Ata________(tailor)shopnearby,hewitnessedadebateonthefashion.14.Onarecentday,________(passerby)debatedwhethertofeedthemcarrots.15.Iamwritingthisemailtosendmy________________(congratulate)toyouonyourvictory.16.Their___________(intend)isgood,butthemethodstheyusesometimesarenot.17.Youdon’tshowyoursecret___________(personal)whenyou’reawakebecauseyoucancontrolyourbehavior.18.Don’tbesoquicktojudgeyourfriend.Perhapssheknowssheisinthewrongandwantstoapologize,ormaybeshehasasimple___________(explain)forherbehaviour.19.___________(prefer)tendstobegiventocandidateswhoexhibitoutstandingleadershipinthescienceofastronomy.20.Thetheoryfocusesonthe___________(exist)oflifeonotherplanets.21.Underthestrictcontrolofthenationalsafetydepartment,the_____________(frequent)ofsafetyaccidentsincoalmineshasdecreased.22.Thefloodvictimshavereceivedbothsympathyand___________(assist)fromtheinternationalmunityduringthefloodseason.23.The___________(propose)youcameupwithyesterdaywashighlyappreciated.24.Yourinsight,kindness,courage,and___________(generous)makethissitewhatitis.25.Thegovernmenthastaken___________(measure)tobringdownthehighpricesofdailygoods.26.Theschoolisgoingwell,butthere’saneedforfurther___________(improve).27.Hesaidhewastryingtopreachpeaceand___________(tolerate)tohispeople.28.Togetbacktheirfriendship,hehadtoapologizetoherforhisbad___________(behave).29.Inthatcountry,manywomenarefightingforthe___________(equal)ofjobseeking.30.Jennifer’scaseisa___________(remind)ofthedangersoftheunhealthyweightlosshabitsthathavebeemonamongteenagersofbothsexes.四、原創(chuàng)語法填空語篇訓(xùn)練打破美國40年壟斷！中國隊驚天逆轉(zhuǎn)奪男子4×100米混合泳接力金牌OnAugust4,2024,amiddeafeningcheersatLaDefenseArena,aconvertedrugbystadium,the100meterfreestyleworldrecordholderPanZhanleledhis1(teammate)XuJiayu,QinHaiyangandSunJiajuntovictoryastheyrecordedatimeof3minutes,27.46seconds."Thisismagicforme,"Pan,whocelebratedhis20thbirthdayonSunday,saidofthemedleyvictory."Wemakeagoodteamandwemanaged2(get)agreatresult."TheUnitedStatestookthe