2021屆中考英語備考復習-任務型閱讀-句子還原型(七選五)考點、解題技巧

2021屆中考英語備考復習任務型閱讀-句子還原型解題技巧梳理設空位置一般為三種：段首、段尾、段中1.讀選項，畫關鍵詞，暗排序2.速讀全文，關注每段首尾句，了解大意2.理清文章結構，找邏輯，抓過渡詞3.先易后難解難題4.回讀文章定答案句子還原型—五選五、六選五、七選五解題步驟得分技巧抓住過渡詞，看住上下句盯緊橫線前后詞語選項特點主旨概括句過渡性句子注釋性句子1.通常是段落的主題句認真閱讀空格后文內(nèi)容，劃出關鍵詞，在選項中找到一致的主題句2.與后文是并列、轉(zhuǎn)折、因果關系等著重讀空格后第一兩句，鎖定線索信號詞，然后在選項中查找相關詞，一般正確選項的最后一句與空格后第一句意思上是緊密銜接的，因此這兩句之間會有并列、轉(zhuǎn)折、因果關系等3.段落間的過渡句閱讀上一段結尾部分，通常選項與上一段結尾有機銜接起來，所選答案要將上一段結尾和下一段內(nèi)容連貫起來如果問題設在段首例題解析難度：兩顆星1.

ThegovernmentprovidesfamilieswithcomputerssothatthechildrencanusetheInternettotalktotheirteachersandclassmatesbye-mailnow.Theteachersenjoytheirworkverymuchbecausetheygettoknowthechildrenandtheirfamilyverywell.Itisaninterestingwaytolearn,don'tyouthink?A.Theteacheralsotravelledaroundthecountry.B.Alloverthedesertsarefarmsandsmalltowns.C.Thiswashowthefirst"SchooloftheAir"

started.D.Thesefamilies'

childrencannotgotoschoollikeyou.E.Withthedevelopmentoftechnology,computersarebecomingpopular.問題設在段首思路：1.設在段首，首先考慮為主題句2.著重讀空格后句子，鎖定線索信號詞，然后在選項中查找主題詞2.

.Wecallit"cleaningtheplates".XuJunhasdoneitforyears.Hesaid,"

Therearestillalotofpeoplewhodon'thaveenoughtoeat

.However,manypeoplehavethrownawayawholechickenorfish."

Cleaningtheplatesisnotonlytosavefood,butalsotoprotecttheenvironmentandourhealth.A.IfcustomersordermorethantheycaneatB.Therearestillalotofpeoplewhodon'thaveenoughtoeatC.RestaurantshavealsojoinedtheactionD.SomepeoplelikeeatingupeverythingontheirplatesE.Ithinkweshouldorderenoughfoodwelike問題設在段首思路：空格后一句wecallit..我們叫它…即解釋說明某事物，空格處應與該句解釋相關3.

1

.Inordertoattract（吸引）customers,theyputanoticeinfrontoftherestaurant,whichsaid"MealsontheHouseforThreeDays."

2

.Itwaslunchtimeandhefeltveryhungry."Well,hereisarestaurant.Iamgoingtohavesomethingtoeat."

Hewalkedtowardstherestaurantwhenhesawthenotice."Americanpeoplearereallystrange.Theyeveneatdinnersonthehouse!ButhowcanIgetuptothetopofthehouse?"hesaidtohimself.問題設在段首思路：空格1空格后目的狀語為了吸引顧客以及空格后關鍵詞restaurant

空格2空格后指代的代詞he

表明空格處有對應人

A.HewalkedtowardstherestaurantB.HeheardsomeoneshoutingathimC.Mr.SmithopenedasmallrestaurantD.Mr.SmithandthepolicemanlaughedE.Aforeignstudentpassedbyonthesecondday1.CanyouimagineaworldwithouttheInternet?It'ssurprisingtothinkaboutit.

ThisisthesecondhighestnumberofusersintheworldaftertheUnitedStates.Today,66%ofChinese"netizens（網(wǎng)民）"areteenagers."Theyspendaboutthirteenhourseveryweekonline,"saidQianHulin,anInternetexpert.DoctorSonginBeijingXuanwuHospitalsaidabout14%ofChinesenetizensareteensA.Theyoftenlastedovertenhourstoplayonlinegames.B.OntheInternet,teenagerscanfindoutalmostanything.C.Itischeaperthanphoningsomebodyfarawayandalsomuchquicker.D.Now,Chinahasmorethan162millionInternetusers,accordingtotheChinaInternetNetworkInformationCentre.練一練2.

.Preparingalistisnecessaryforwritingagoodarticle.Suchalistincludes:Isthereapropertitle?Haveweexplainedeverypoint?Areallthepartsofthearticleincluded?Thiscanhelpustomakesurethatwehavecoveredeverything.A.PreparealistB.ThefollowingtipscanbehelpfulC.RewritingmakesourwritingbetterD.ItisnoteasytobecomeabetterwriterE.Goodwordchoicesarenecessaryforgoodwriting例題解析難度：四顆星1.TheEarthis4.5billionyearsold,butthehumanracehaslivedonitforjust200,000years.Inthatshorttime,wehaveachievedsomeamazingthings.

1

Thelistisalmostendless.Theinventionoftheairplanehaschangedourlives.Thediscoveryofantibiotics（抗生素）hassavedthelivesofmillionsofpeople.Canyouimaginelivingwithoutelectricity?Whatabouttheprintingpress（印刷術）?Withouttheprintingpress,youwouldn'tbereadingthis.Inthelast50years,therehavebeengreatachievementsincommunication,suchasradio,TV,computers,theInternet,andsmartphones（智能手機）問題設在段首—思路：推測空格應填主題句根據(jù)后面舉例--飛機、抗生素、電、印刷術、電視、電腦等，都與科學技術有關A.Doyouthinkitisdifficulttohavegreatachievements?B.Weenjoythesethingseverydaybecausetheyarefreetouse.C.Theyusedfireforcookingandheatingandinventedthewheel.D.Manyofhumans’greatachievementsareinscienceandtechnology.E.Wecouldprobablylivewithoutthem,butlifewouldn’tbeasinteresting.2.

Youcannotbeperfect,youcanonlybethebestyoucanbe.Nooneinthisworldisperfect,sodon'tblame（指責）yourselfformakingamistakeornotbeingperfect.Also,stopcomparingyourselftoothers.A.Tellothers"Iloveyou".B.Stoptryingtobeperfect.C.Thebetteryouknowyourself,theeasieritwillbetoloveyourself.D.Youwillneverbethemandtheywillneverbeyou.E.Thisiswhatyoucantrulydotomakepeoplehappy.問題設在段首—思路：1.設在段首，首先考慮為主題句2.著重讀空格后第一兩句，鎖定線索信號詞，然后在選項中查找相關詞3.However,thisisn'ttheproblemwiththetwingirls.Theyalwaysarguedthattheoppositeonewaswrong._________.Toputanendtotheirfights,theirparentsdecidedtocreateasmalldrama.Theywantedthegirlstounderstandthattheywerebothcorrectfromtheirownpointofview.A.TheylooklikeeachotherB.Foryears,theirargumentscontinuedC.TheirmotheraskedTarathesamequestionD.Intheroom,abigboardwasplacedinthemiddle問題設在段首—思路：1.設在段首，首先考慮為主題句2.著重讀空格后第一兩句，鎖定線索信號詞，空格前后有argue/fights與選項arguments相呼應1.

Wecansavelotsofwaterbynotlettingtaps（水龍頭）runwhilewebrushourteethorbyturningofftapsrightafterwashinghands.Bycollectingcoldwaterwhenwe'retakingwarmshowers,wecanalsosavewater.

Wedon'thavetoletthecoldwaterrununtilitgetswarm.

Inthisway,wecanmakefulluseofwater.A.However,justhowmuchistoomuch?B.Thereareseveralthingswecandotosavewater.C.Finally,theymakelawstocontroltheuseofwater.D.Wedon'thavetoletthecoldwaterrununtilitgetswarm.E.Theyalsoincreasewaterbillsforpeoplewhousetoomuch.練一練2.

Thinkaboutviolinistsinanorchestra（管弦樂團）.Whentheviolinistsplaywiththegroup,theyheartheirowninstrumentandmanyothers,too.Buttheviolinistsmustlistencloselytowhattheyareplaying,andpaynoattentiontotheothersounds.Inthisway,musiciansareabletofocusoncertainsounds,eveninaroomwithlotsofnoise.A.Musichelpspeoplesolvesomehearingproblems.B.Musicimprovescertainlanguageabilitiesinthebrain.C.Theviolinistsdeveloptheirmemoriesbyplayingtheviolin.D.Musicianshearbetterbecausetheylearntopayattentiontocertainsounds.E.Schlaugwassurprisedtofindthatsingingwordshelpedhispatientstospeak.1.從詞匯線索判斷：詞匯線索主要包括代詞和詞匯復現(xiàn)兩種情況1）代詞選項中代詞主要用于指代前面提到的人或物，巧妙利用這樣的指代關系可以準確而快速解題2）詞匯復現(xiàn)選項中出現(xiàn)與上一段句子相同詞匯、同義詞匯、近義詞以及同一類型的詞，解題時利用這些詞作為解題線索2.從行文邏輯上判斷邏輯關系包括：并列關系、遞進關系、對比關系、因果關系如果問題設在段中1)并列關系如果空格處或前后兩句話出現(xiàn)：first/firstly,second/secondly,third/thirdly,next,then,foronething,foranother,tobeginwith,toconclude等標志詞，則表明前后兩句是邏輯上的并列關系2）遞進關系如果空格處或前后兩句話出現(xiàn)also,besides,furthermore,moreover,inaddition,what’smore,what’sworse,inotherwords,similarly等標志詞，則表明此處句子間是邏輯上的遞進3）對比或轉(zhuǎn)折關系如果空格處或前后兩句話出現(xiàn)but,however,yet,instead,otherwise,ontheotherhand,onthecontrary,regardlessof等標志詞，則表明此處句子間是邏輯上的對比或轉(zhuǎn)折關系4）因果關系如果空格處或前后兩句話出現(xiàn)because,why,so,thus,therefore,asaresult等標志詞，則表明此處句子間是邏輯上的因果關系例題解析難度：兩顆星1.Escalatorsaremachinesthatmakemovingaroundeasy.

.Sopeopleinventedmachinestomakeiteasier.A.ItrunsfromonefloortothenextB.ClimbingstairscanbereallytiringC.Butyoudon'tmove—thestepsmoveyouD.ThemothertriedhardtoholdupherchildE.Thenthestepsgobackwhereyousteppedon問題設在段中—思路：空格后so

，表明空格與后句是因果關系2.Escalatorsmakeourlifeeasierbutatthesametimethereisapossibledanger.On26July2015,inJinzhouDepartmentStore,amotherholdingachildsetfootontheescalator.Therewassomethingwrongwithit.Theygotstuck.

.Thechildwassaved.Butthemotherfellwithintheescalator.A.ItrunsfromonefloortothenextB.ClimbingstairscanbereallytiringC.Butyoudon'tmove—thestepsmoveyouD.ThemothertriedhardtoholdupherchildE.Thenthestepsgobackwhereyousteppedon問題設在段中—思路：根據(jù)空格前后句重復出現(xiàn)的關鍵詞mother、child,考慮空格處會出現(xiàn)詞匯復現(xiàn)，講述相關事情3.IwasveryhappywhenIsawsomanylovelybirds.

2

ButIdidn'tbringanyfood.Itwasapity.However,tomysurprise,whenIsatdown,thebirdsslowlycametowardme.Theylookedatme.

3

Thenmysistertoldme,BirdsinNewZealandarenotafraidofpeople.

Peoplearenicetothem.A.Ifnot,birdsmaygetill.B.Peoplearenicetothem.C.Therewerelotsofbirds.D.Iwantedtogivethemsomefood.E.Ididnotunderstandwhytheycametome.問題設在段中—思路：空格后出現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)折詞but，表明前后兩句為轉(zhuǎn)折關系1.Differentpeoplelikedifferentfoods.Somepeopledonotlikemeat.

3

Somepeopledonotlikepotatoesorbread.Theypreferrice.A.Theylikesoftmusic.B.Noteveryonelikesthesamecolor.C.MillionsofpeoplewatchthegamesonTV.D.Theyeatfruitandvegetablesmostofthetime.E.Someotherpeopleenjoybeautifulplaceslikethemountainsorbeaches.練一練2.Fictionornonfiction?Somebooksaretotallymadeupandimagined.

2

Novels,shortstoriesandfables（寓言）areallexamplesoffiction.Thesebookscanbringyoutoanotherworldorhelpyouimaginesomethingbeyond（超出）yourownexperience.A.Askthemandgiveitaread.B.Thosearecalledfictionbooks.C.Howcanyoupickoneyouwilllike?D.Nonfictionbookstellstoriesusingfacts.E.Youdon'thavetosearchallbyyourself.3.Askanexpert.Yourlocallibraryisagreatplacetofindbooksthatyouwillloved.

5

Tellalibrarianaboutyourinterests.Yourlibrariancanhelpyoufindbooksthatyou'resuretolove.Yourteacherisanothergoodpersontoask.A.Askthemandgiveitaread.B.Thosearecalledfictionbooks.C.Howcanyoupickoneyouwilllike?D.Nonfictionbookstellstoriesusingfacts.E.Youdon'thavetosearchallbyyourself.例題解析難度：四顆星1.Finally,wemustnotforgethumans'earlyachievements.

We

can't

imagine

modernlife

without

cookedfoodandcars.A.Do

you

thinkitisdifficulttohavegreatachievements?B.Isitsomethingthatmakesusrichorhappyorsavelives?C.Weenjoy

thesethingseverydaybecause

theyarefreetouse.D.Theyusedfireforcookingandheatingandinvented

the

wheel.E.Manyofhumans'greatachievementsareinscienceandtechnology.問題設在段中—思路：選項中一般會出現(xiàn)前后段同義詞，即詞語復現(xiàn)2.What

arehumans'greatestachievements?Toanswer

the

question,weneedtodecide

whatwemeanby"great".

Orisitjustsomethingthatmakesussay"Wow,"like

the

GreatWall?

What

do

you

think?A.Do

you

thinkitisdifficulttohavegreatachievements?B.Isitsomethingthatmakesusrichorhappyorsavelives?C.Weenjoy

thesethingseverydaybecause

theyarefreetouse.D.Theyusedfireforcookingandheatingandinvented

the

wheel.E.AndisMickeyMouseasimportantanachievementasgoingtospace?問題設在段中—思路：根據(jù)空格后or連接的兩個句子，后句為一般疑問句，可推測空格也為一般疑問句，前后兩句為選擇關系3.Bekindtoothersanddonicethingsforthem.Thiswillhelptobuildyourself-confidence.

Youwillrealizethatbymakingotherpeoplehappy,youyourselfwillalsobecomehappywithyourlifeandyourself.A.Thebetteryouknowyourself,theeasieritwillbetoloveyourself.B.Youwillneverbethemandtheywillneverbeyou.C.Thisiswhatyoucantrulydotomakepeoplehappy.D.Theycanacceptyouforwhoyouareandonlywantthebestforyou.E.Acceptyourselfandloveyourselfforwhoyouare.問題設在段中—思路：選項中一般會出現(xiàn)前后段同義詞，即詞語復現(xiàn)4.Aproblemisonlyaproblemuntilthereisasolution（解決辦法）.

Wefindsolutionsbythinkingcreatively.

1

Inotherwords,wethinkoutsidethebox（跳出固有模式思維）.Sometimes,thinkingoutsidetheboxsolvesnotjustone,buttwoproblems.A.Infact,theseapartmentsarenotingoodcondition.B.However,theyweresurprisedwhentheysawthem.C.Steelcompaniesrecyclesomeoftheoldcontainers.D.Recyclingthesteelcontainershasmanyadvantages.E.Weuseourimaginationandcomeupwithcreativeideas.問題設在段中—思路：空格后有遞進詞：inotherwords,表明前后句為遞進關系，空格句意與后句意思一致1.Isthereaconnectionbetweenmusicandlanguage?Accordingtorecentstudies,theanswerisyes:

Here,welookattwoexamples.A.Itcanevenhelpsickpeoplegetbetter.B.Musichelpspeoplesolvesomehearingproblems.C.Musicimprovescertainlanguageabilitiesinthebrain.D.Theviolinistsdeveloptheirmemoriesbyplayingtheviolin.E.Musicianshearbetterbecausetheylearntopayattentiontocertainsounds.練一練2.Blooddonorsarethosegivingblood—usuallyabout200mlatatime—tobloodbanksorblooddonation（捐贈）centers.

Forexample,someonemayhavelostbloodinaccidents,orhaveaseriousillnessthatrequirehisbloodtobereplaced.Hospitalsandbloodbanksstorethebloodandtrytokeepenoughonhand.A.Donatingbloodisnotdifficult.B.Thenthebloodcanbeusedforpeopleinneed.C.Infact,bloodisthegiftoflifeandkeepsusalive.D.Donatingbloodisnotonlyoneoftheeasiestwaystosavelives.E.Mostpeopleareabletodonatebloodagaininseveralmonthsiftheywish.1.空格前一句或兩句是重點語句，重點閱讀鎖定關鍵詞2.空格設在段尾，通常是結論，概括性語言注意在選項中查找表示結果、結論、總結等信號詞，如：therefore,asaresult,thus,hence,inshort,tosumup,toconclude,inaword等詞語，選項中也可以發(fā)現(xiàn)與前文同義詞句3.與前文是轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ汝P系此時要注意在選項中查找表示轉(zhuǎn)折、對比的關聯(lián)詞，同時注意選項中所講的內(nèi)容是否與前文在同一主題上形成對比、對立關系如果問題設在段尾4.與前文是并列或排比關系此類選項是為了補全本段主題內(nèi)容的其他細節(jié)。在該段中和選項中找到相關的特征詞，通常選項中會出現(xiàn)表示并列、遞進的關聯(lián)詞或與前文句式類似的結構5.所選答案是引出下一段內(nèi)容此時可考慮選項與下一段的開頭是否有一定銜接，認真閱讀空格后下一段開頭幾句，看是否與選項緊密連接例題解析難度：兩顆星1.

Somestudentssaythattheirparentsoftensayalottothem,butneverlistentothem.

Otherssaytheirparentsdon'tletthemplaycomputergameswhenotherclassmatesareplayingthat.

Thesemakethemveryunhappy.Somestudentsevendecidetoleavehomebecausethey'reafraidtotelltheirparentsthatdobadlyinexams.Thentheythinkrunningawayisthebestchoice.

4

A.Buttheydon'tknowrunningawaymaybringthemmoreproblems.B.Theyfeelhappyaboutit.C.Don'tbeafraidtotellthemyourfeelings.D.Theyfeelthey'renotclosetotheirparentsanymore.E.Middleschoolstudentsalwaysliketoplaycomputergames.問題設在段尾：思路：注意空格前一句話的關鍵詞—runaway,選項與該句有銜接2.Problemsarepartsoflife.Hereissomeadviceforyou.?Findagoodchancetotalkwithyourparents.

?Gethelpfromotherslikegoodfriendsorteachers.A.Buttheydon'tknowrunningawaymaybringthemmoreproblems.B.Theyfeelhappyaboutit.C.Don'tbeafraidtotellthemyourfeelings.D.Theyfeelthey'renotclosetotheirparentsanymore.E.Middleschoolstudentsalwaysliketoplaycomputergames.問題設在段尾：思路：注意空格前一句話的關鍵詞—talkwithyourparents,選項與該句有銜接3.Germsareineveryplace.Theyareverysmallandyoucan'tseethemwithyoureyes,

2

.Germsarealwaysfoundindirtywater.Whenwewatchthewaterunderamicroscope,wecanseetheminit.

3

.A.WecanalsofindgermsintheairanddustB.WhatmakesussickC.butyoucanseethemwithamicroscope（顯微鏡）D.YourfingerwouldbecomebigandredE.Soourparentsaskusnottodrinkdirtywater問題設在段尾：思路：注意空格前一句話的關鍵詞—talkwithyourparents,選項與該句有銜接1.BritishpeoplehaveeatenSundayroastsforcenturies.Intheolddays,peoplehadtogotochurch（教堂）onSundays.Afterthat,peoplewouldbehungry.

A.Itisbecomingpopularinothercountriesnow.B.Thisisapuddingmadewitheggs,milkandflour（面粉）.C.BritishpeopleareverybusyontraditionalSundaydinners.D.ThereyoucaneataSundayroast.E.Sofamilieswouldgettogethertoeatabigmeal.練一練2.Sowhatisthistastydish?EverySundaydinnerhasroastmeat,usuallychickenorbeef,roastpotatoes,vegetables,andYorkshirepudding.

A.Besidesthetastyfood,thismealisalsoagreattimeforfamilies.B.ThisistraditionformanyBritishpeopleonSundays.C.Itisbecomingpopularinothercountriesnow.D.Thisisapuddingmadewitheggs,milkandflour（面粉）.E.BritishpeopleareverybusyontraditionalSundaydinners.3.Doyouknowhowtomakefriendswithagroupofpeople?Letmetellyouthestepsaboutmakingfriendswiththegroup.

1

First,youneedtoknowwhatkindofgrouptheyare.Ifpeopleofthegroupareshy,neveraskthem"whydon'tyoutalk?""Whyareyouquite?""Whydoyoulookshy?"

2

A.Thesequestionsareverypopular.B.That'showtomakefriendswithagroupofpeople.C.Theydon'tlikesuchquestions.D.Maybeit'shelpfultoyou.E.theimportantthingisthatyoushouldtrytobeoutgoing.例題解析難度：四顆星1.Canyouimaginelivingwithoutelectricity?Whatabouttheprintingpress（印刷術）?Withouttheprintingpress,youwouldn'tbereadingthis.Inthelast50years,therehavebeengreatachievementsincommunication,suchasradio,TV,computers,theInternet,andsmartphones（智能手機）.

問題設在段尾：思路：1.空格前兩句是重點語句，從選項中選擇與前幾句有銜接的句子2.注意每個選項中關鍵詞在空格前幾句是否提及3.注意選項中代詞指示A.Doyouthinkitisdifficulttohavegreatachievements?B.Isitsomethingthatmakesusrichorhappyorsavelives?C.Weenjoythesethingseverydaybecausetheyarefreetouse.D.AndisMickeyMouseasimportantanachievementasgoingtospace?E.Wecouldprobablylivewithoutthem,butlifewouldn'tbeasinteresting.2.AntForest,afeatureinAlipayapp,givesuserspointsfordoingego-friendlythingssuchaswalkingandgoingpaperlessintheoffice.Userscanthenusethesepointstowaterandgrowtheirownvirtual（虛擬的）trees.Whenthevirtualtreesarebigenough,AntForestwillplantrealtreessomewhereintheworld.

A.Morethan55milliontreeshavebeenplantedinthisway.B.TheChinesepublichasalsojoinedintheseactivitiesrecently.C.AndChinawasresponsiblefor25%ofthatgain,accordingtothestudy.D.However,peopletherecanproducevegetableswithoutanydifficultynow.E.Butnow,Chinahasturnedtheareaintothecountry'slargestman-madeforest.問題設在段尾：思路：1.空格前幾句重點語句，選項要與前面句子主題相關2.選項中一般有前兩句句的同義詞或代詞—trees/thisway代指Antforest3.Recently,averysimplequest