江蘇省如皋市2025屆高三英語下學(xué)期模擬考試試題二含解析

PAGE30-江蘇省如皋市2025屆高三英語下學(xué)期模擬考試試題（二）（含解析）第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分20分)第一節(jié)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.WhatisLucydoing?A.WatchingTV.B.Doinghershopping.C.Attendingaconcert.2.Whereisthewoman'sphone?A.Onthetable.B.Onthesofa.C.Onthebed.3.Whyisthemantalkingtothewoman?A.Toinvitehertoaparty.B.Tomakeatravelplan.C.Toaskaboutherholiday.4.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Interviewerandinterviewee.B.Salespersonandcustomer.C.Bossandemployee.5.InwhichseasondidthewomangettoPrague?A.Insummer.B.Inautumn.C.Inwinter.其次節(jié)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。6.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Seasons.B.Photos.C.Villages.7.Whichphotodoesthemanlikebest?A.Theonetakeninwinter.B.Theonetakeninsummer.C.Theonetakeninspring.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofherbestfriend?A.She'shard-working.B.She'sclever.C.She'stalkative.9.Whomdidthewomanvisitduringherlastvacation?A.Herclassmate.B.Herbestfriend.C.Hergrandparents.10.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Sheisgoodatmath.B.ShelikesthenovelaboutAnneBoleyn.C.ShevisitedmuseumsandpalacesinEngland.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11WhatmadethewomandissatisfiedwiththeT-shit?A.Thenameofthestoreonit.B.Thestainonit.C.Thesize.12.Whycan'tthewomanreturntheT-shirt?A.ShehaswormitB.Itwasboughttoolongago.C.Thereisnothingwrongwithit.13.Whatdoesthewomandoatlast?A.KeeptheT-shirt.B.Payextraforthebelt.C.ExchangetheT-shirtforanotherone.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Howdidthemanlearntoskateboard?A.Hehadafewlessons.B.Hepracticedbyvideo.C.Hiscousintaughthim.15.Wheredoesthemanwanttoskateboardmost?A.Bythebeach.B.Atacitysquare.C.Onabasketballcourt16.Whatdoesthemansayaboutkeepingfit?A.Hefindsithardtoworkinthegym.B.Hehaschangedhistrainingroutine.C.Heshouldskateboardmoreoften.17.Whatdoesthemanadviseyoungpeopletakingupskateboardingtodo?A.Focusonasmallnumberofmoves.B.Buyacheapboardtobeginwith.C.Haveplentyofpatience.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Howlongwillthewritingremainperfectlyclear?A.Atleast3days.B.About20minutes.C.Lessthan10minutes.19.Whatcanmakethewritingdisappearmorequickly?A.Chemicals.B.Light.C.Heat.20.Whatcanwelearnaboutthenewlyinventedpaper?A.Itcanbeusedupto20times.B.Itmightmakeinkwidelyused.C.Itwillreplacetheordinarypaper.其次部分語言學(xué)問運(yùn)用第一節(jié)單項(xiàng)填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）請(qǐng)仔細(xì)閱讀下面各題，從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。1.Thoughhisplanwasatotal______fromestablishedpractices,theresultwassatisfying.A.substitute B.prohibition C.departure D.judgment【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然他的支配完全違反了既定的慣例，結(jié)果還是令人滿足的。A.substitute替代品；B.prohibition禁止，禁令；C.departure離開，違反；D.judgment推斷，裁判。依據(jù)“theresultwassatisfying”和轉(zhuǎn)折連詞“Though”可知，此處用departure。故選C。2.Anintervieweeshouldbegoodatgraspingeveryopportunity_____heissupposedtoshowhisbestselftoothers.A.when B.where C.that D.which【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：一個(gè)應(yīng)聘者應(yīng)當(dāng)抓住每一個(gè)向別人展示最好自己的機(jī)會(huì)。先行詞opportunity在從句中是抽象地點(diǎn)，其后所跟的定語從句往往是陳述這些活動(dòng)或狀況中所發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)該定語從句。故選B。3.Wehurriedlyendedourmeeting,leavingmanyproblems______.A.tobesettled B.tosettle C.settled D.havingsettled【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：我們匆忙忙忙地結(jié)束了會(huì)議，留下了許多問題等待解決。依據(jù)句意可知，這些問題是等待解決的，故用不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，不定式表示未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作；problems與settle之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故選A。4.It'sacompletepitythatyoumissedthewonderfullecture.Terriblysorry!_____myformercolleaguenotcometomeunexpectedly.A.Should B.Would C.Had D.Did【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查虛擬倒裝。句意：—你錯(cuò)過了那場(chǎng)精彩的演講，真是太缺憾了！—特別愧疚，要是我以前的同事沒有突然來找我就好了。依據(jù)句意可知，此處是對(duì)過去的虛擬，從句用過去完成時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞是had，if可以省略，但是要用倒裝語序。故選C。5.Teachersshouldbeawarethatstudentsmayforgetwhatyoutaughtorwhatyoudid,buttheywillneverforget___youmadethemfeel.A.why B.how C.what D.that【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查賓語從句的連接詞。句意：老師們應(yīng)當(dāng)意識(shí)到，學(xué)生或許會(huì)遺忘你教過的學(xué)問或做過的事情，但是他們恒久不會(huì)遺忘你帶給他們的感受。空格處缺少狀語，即“你帶給了他們?cè)鯓拥母惺堋?，所以要用連詞how。故選B。6.Iguessthere'slittlechancethatwecanmanagetochangethepresentsituationworldwide_____,itisimportantthatwetryourbest.A.Furthermore B.Otherwise C.Therefore D.Nevertheless【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查副詞。句意：我猜我們幾乎沒有可能變更目前世界上的這種狀況，不管怎樣，重要的是我們要盡最大的努力。A.Furthermore此外，而且；B.Otherwise否則；C.Therefore因此；D.Nevertheless不管怎樣。依據(jù)句意并結(jié)合四個(gè)選項(xiàng)可知，此處用nevertheless。故選D。7.It'sunnecessarythatyoucomplainaboutthepowercutfor_____repairworkaboutthelineisbeingcarriedoutforthecominghurricane.A.extensive B.investigative C.conservative D.explosive【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：你沒有必要埋怨停電，因?yàn)檎跒榧磳⒌絹淼娘Z風(fēng)進(jìn)行全面的檢修線路工作。A.extensive大量的，廣泛的，全面的；B.investigative探討的，調(diào)查的；C.conservative保守的；D.explosive爆炸的，爆發(fā)性的。依據(jù)空格后的repairwork并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，此處指全面的檢修線路工作。故選A。8.Thecostoflivingrecently_____steadilybecauseofepidemicofCOVID-19,leadingsomepeopletodropoutofthebigcityrace.A.isclimbing B.isbeingclimbed C.hasbeenclimbing D.hasbeenclimbed【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：最近，由于COVID-19的流行，生活成本始終在穩(wěn)步攀升，導(dǎo)致一些人退出了大城市的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。由時(shí)間狀語formanyyears以及逗號(hào)后分句的時(shí)態(tài)可知，此處表示過去發(fā)生并且仍在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，故用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。故選C。9.Seethingsinanegativelightandyouwillfindfaultseverywhereandproblemswheretherearereally_______.A.none B.noone C.something D.nothing【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查不定代詞的用法。句意：你用消極的眼光看待事物，你會(huì)發(fā)覺到處都是錯(cuò)誤，而事實(shí)上根本沒有什么問題。A.none無，沒有；B.noone沒有人；C.something某事；D.nothing什么都沒有。none示意一種數(shù)量，即在數(shù)量上“一個(gè)也沒有”。故選A。10.Mostspendingthatresultsindebtislikeadrug:aquickhitofpleasurethat_____onlytodragyoudownforyearstocome.A.setsoff B.showsoff C.takesoff D.wearsoff【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：大多數(shù)導(dǎo)致債務(wù)的消費(fèi)就像毒品一樣，很快快感就會(huì)消退，只會(huì)讓你在接下來的幾年里萎靡不振。A.setsoff動(dòng)身，引起，動(dòng)身；B.showsoff炫耀，賣弄；C.takesoff起飛，脫下，離開；D.wearsoff磨損，漸漸消逝。依據(jù)空格后的“onlytodragyoudownforyearstocome”并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，此處指很快快感就會(huì)消退。故選D。11.KatelostallhisthreegamestoAlphaGo,world'stophumanplayer_____.A.althoughishe B.soheis C.asheis D.asishe【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查倒裝句。句意：世界頂尖的人類棋手柯潔在與谷歌人工智能系統(tǒng)AlphaGo的對(duì)決中輸?shù)袅巳康娜龍?chǎng)競(jìng)賽。as引導(dǎo)的狀語從句要用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，“名詞+as+主語+謂語”。although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，不倒裝。故選C。12.Sorry,sir,butI'mstillveryconcernedaboutmydaughter.Relax.You'llbegladtoseeshe_____tohernewlifethenexttimeyoucome.A.accommodated B.hasaccommodatedC.willbeaccommodating D.willhaveaccommodated【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：—對(duì)不起，先生。但是我還是很擔(dān)憂我的女兒?！泡p松。你下次來的時(shí)候，會(huì)很興奮看到她已經(jīng)適應(yīng)了她的新生活。依據(jù)時(shí)間狀語從句nexttimeyoucome.可知，此處表示的是將來某個(gè)時(shí)刻已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，應(yīng)當(dāng)用將來完成時(shí)。故選D。13.Thedoctoralwaysseemsenergeticandhehasevenmanagedtopursuehisdiverseinterests_____hisfast-movingcareer.A.inrecognitionof B.inparallelwith C.intermsof D.incontrastwith【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：這個(gè)醫(yī)生好像總是那么精力充足，他甚至能在事業(yè)快速發(fā)展的同時(shí)追求著自己廣泛的愛好愛好。A.inrecognitionof承認(rèn)；B.inparallelwith和……同時(shí)，和……一起；C.intermsof就……而言；D.incontrastwith與……相比?！癶isdiverseinterests”和“hisfast-movingcareer”表并列，所以用inparallelwith。故選B。14.Eachmemberofthecommunityshouldacquiregoodhabitsand______theirbehaviorinanattempttocreateaharmoniousatmosphere.A.refresh B.regulate C.resemble D.reveal【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：為營(yíng)造和諧的氛圍，社會(huì)的每一個(gè)成員都應(yīng)當(dāng)養(yǎng)成好習(xí)慣并約束自己的行為。A.refresh更新，使……復(fù)原；B.regulate約束，限制，管理；C.resemble類似，像；D.reveal顯示，透露。依據(jù)“tocreateaharmoniousatmosphere”并結(jié)合句意可知，此處指約束自己的行為，應(yīng)用regulate。故選B。15.Great!Youlooksmartinthatsuit.MymothergaveittomefortheSpringFestival.Youknow,______.A.itisthethoughtthatcounts B.beautyisintheeyeofthebeholderC.eachbirdlovestohearhimselfsing D.theoutsiderseesthemostofthegame【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查情景交際。句意：——太好看了！你穿那件衣服真帥氣！——我媽媽春節(jié)的時(shí)候給我的。你知道的，它物有所值。A.物超所值；B.情人眼里出西施；C.每只鳥都寵愛聽自己唱歌；D.旁觀者清。依據(jù)“Youlooksmartinthatsuit.”并結(jié)合語境可知，此處要用物超所值。故選A。其次節(jié)完形填空（共20題滿分20分每題1分）閱讀下面短文，結(jié)合語境從選項(xiàng)ABCD中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Throughouthistory,theworldlooksforheroesintimesofuncertainty.Butwhatmakesahero?Acape(披風(fēng))andtights?Heroismissomethingthateveryoneofuscanaspire(渴望)to,butnotallofuswill___16___.Ittakesaspecialkindofpersontobeahero:bravery,compassion,___17___andsacrifice.InapaperpublishedinReviewofGeneralPsychology,researcherBlau,FrancoandZimbardoagreedona___18___ofheroism:Heroesvoluntarilyserveothersinneedandarewillingtomake___19___fortheseactionswithoutexpectinganyrewardor___20___gain.Empathyandcompassionforothersarealsocommontraits(特質(zhì))thatallheroesseemtopossess.Peoplewhobecomeheroes___21___thepeoplearoundthemandarealsoabletoseethingsfromothers’___22___.Theyvaluethewell-beingofothers.Tobeahero,youmusthavecertainstrengths.___23___yourgoodintentions,tryingtobeaheroina___24___situationwhenyouhavenothingtoofferothersmaybefoolishandcould_____25_____moredifficultiesforrescueworkers.Forexample,firstaidtrainingor_____26_____ofkungfumaybeusefulincertainsituationsand_____27_____thepathforheroism."Heroes_____28_____giveusourmodelsofthingsthatweaspiretodo,"saidAmericanpsychologistNickCarden,accordingtoWALBNews.It'srelatedtocourage,integrity(正直)andhonesty,Cardenadded.Evenifyou_____29_____heroictraits,therightsituationmustariseinordertotrulybecomeahero.Onlywhentherearedangeroussituationscanaheroriseuptosavetheday.Thisistruebravery.Heroesareneededeveryday,andwecanreadabouttheminthemostrecentnews.Thereare_____30_____whorunintoburningbuildingstosavethepeopleinside.Doctorsandnursestreatsickpatientsdespitethe_____31_____ofbecomingsickthemselves._____32_____havechangedlivesbydonatingalifesavingorganorjustdoingafavorwhenthere'saneed.Eventhoughmostofuswon'tsavetheworld,wecanworkatdevelopingthe_____33_____insideofus.AmericanactorCristopherRevemostfamousforhis_____34_____asSuperman--said,"Aheroissomeonewho,inspiteofweakness,doubtornotalwaysknowingtheanswers,goesaheadandovercomes______35______.”16.A.anchor B.acknowledge C.appreciate D.achieve17.A.dedication B.ambition C.reputation D.restriction18.A.institution B.reservation C.definition D.routine19.A.preparations B.sacrifices C.arrangements D.allowances20.A.economic B.equal C.personal D.terminal21.A.carefor B.haveagoat C.counton D.haveaffectionfor22.A.identities B.descriptions C.perspectives D.similarities23.A.Beyond B.Despite C.Except D.Through24.A.superb B.concrete C.optional D.dangerous25.A.create B.mop C.accompany D.resist26.A.adaptation B.knowledge C.format D.guarantee27.A.squeeze B.design C.pave D.occupy28.A.frequently B.apparently C.dynamically D.basically29.A.own B.equip C.absorb D.envy30.A.psychologists B.firefighters C.supermen D.workers31.A.possibility B.condition C.affection D.risk32.A.Heroes B.Patients C.Others D.Rescuers33.A.compassion B.inspiration C.nurse D.hero34.A.role B.example C.dignity D.target35.A.someway B.anyway C.atrandom D.inparticular【答案】16.D17.A18.C19.B20.C21.A22.C23.B24.D25.A26.B27.C28.D29.A30.B31.D32.C33.D34.A35.B【解析】本文是一篇爭(zhēng)論文。文章主要介紹了英雄的定義以及英雄須要具備的條件，英雄在我們生活中無處不在。【16題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：英雄主義是我們每個(gè)人都能渴望的，但不是全部人都能實(shí)現(xiàn)的。A.anchor拋錨；B.acknowledge承認(rèn)，致謝；C.appreciate觀賞；D.achieve實(shí)現(xiàn)。由上文中的“everyoneofuscanaspire(渴望)to,butnotallofuswill”并結(jié)合語境可知，此處指每個(gè)人都能渴望的，但不是全部人都能實(shí)現(xiàn)的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：英雄須要一種特殊的人：英勇、惻隱之心、奉獻(xiàn)和犧牲。A.dedication奉獻(xiàn)；B.ambition野心，理想；C.reputation名譽(yù)；D.restriction限制，約束。由下文中的“Heroesvoluntarilyserveothersinneedandarewillingtomake______fortheseactionswithoutexpectinganyrewardor______gain”并結(jié)合語境可知，此處應(yīng)填英雄須要具備的條件之一：奉獻(xiàn)。故選A項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：津巴多同意英雄主義的定義。A.institution制度，建立；B.reservation預(yù)訂，保留；C.definition定義；D.routine常規(guī)，慣例。后面的“Heroesvoluntarilyserveothersinneedandarewillingtomake______fortheseactionswithoutexpectinganyrewardor______gain”是對(duì)英雄的定義，所以此處要用definition。故選C項(xiàng)。【19題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：英雄自愿為有須要的人服務(wù)，情愿為這些行為做出犧牲，而不期望任何回報(bào)或個(gè)人利益。A.preparations打算；B.sacrifices犧牲；C.arrangements支配；D.allowances允許，津貼。由上文中的“Ittakesaspecialkindofpersontobeahero:bravery,compassion,______andsacrifice”并結(jié)合語境可知，此處指情愿為這些行為做出犧牲。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：英雄自愿為有須要的人服務(wù)，情愿為這些行為做出犧牲，而不期望任何回報(bào)或個(gè)人利益。A.economic經(jīng)濟(jì)的；B.equal同等的；C.personal個(gè)人的；D.terminal終點(diǎn)的，無可挽回的。由上文中的“withoutexpectinganyrewardor”并結(jié)合語境可知，此處應(yīng)用固定搭配personalgain，意為“私利”。故選C項(xiàng)。【21題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：成為英雄的人關(guān)切身邊的人，也能從別人的角度看問題。A.carefor關(guān)切；B.haveagoat嘗試；C.counton希望，依靠；D.haveaffectionfor對(duì)……有影響。由上文中的“Heroesvoluntarilyserveothersinneed”并結(jié)合語境可知，此處指成為英雄的人關(guān)切身邊的人。故選A項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：成為英雄的人關(guān)切身邊的人，也能從別人的角度看問題。A.identities身份；B.descriptions描述；C.perspectives觀點(diǎn)，視角；D.similarities相像點(diǎn)。依據(jù)下文Theyvaluethewell-beingofothers.可知，英雄也能夠從別人的角度看問題。seethingsfromone’sperspective是固定用法，意為“從某人的角度看問題”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管你的用意很好，但在危急的狀況下，當(dāng)你沒有什么可以奉獻(xiàn)給別人的時(shí)候，試圖成為英雄可能是愚蠢的，可能會(huì)給救援人員帶來更多的困難。A.Beyond超過；B.Despite盡管；C.Except除……之外；D.Through通過。由下文中的“maybefoolish”并結(jié)合語境可知，此處指盡管你的用意很好。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管你的用意很好，但在危急的狀況下，當(dāng)你沒有什么可以奉獻(xiàn)給別人的時(shí)候，試圖成為英雄可能是愚蠢的，可能會(huì)給救援人員帶來更多的困難。A.superb極好的；B.concrete詳細(xì)的；C.optional可選擇的；D.dangerous危急的。由下文中的“Onlywhentherearedangeroussituationscanaheroriseuptosavetheday.Thisistruebravery.”并結(jié)合語境可知，此處指在危急的狀況下。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管你的用意很好，但在危急的狀況下，當(dāng)你沒有什么可以奉獻(xiàn)給別人的時(shí)候，試圖成為英雄可能是愚蠢的，可能會(huì)給救援人員帶來更多的困難。A.create造成；B.mop擦去；C.accompany陪伴；D.resist抗拒。由上下文內(nèi)容并結(jié)合語境可知，此處指可能會(huì)給救援人員帶來更多的困難。故選A項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：例如，急救訓(xùn)練或功夫?qū)W問在某些狀況下可能有用，并為英雄主義鋪平道路。A.adaptation適應(yīng)，改編；B.knowledge學(xué)問；C.format版式；D.guarantee保證。由上文中的“firstaidtrainingor”并結(jié)合語境可知，此處指功夫?qū)W問。故選B項(xiàng)。【27題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：例如，急救訓(xùn)練或功夫?qū)W問在某些狀況下可能有用，并為英雄主義鋪平道路。A.squeeze緊握；B.design設(shè)計(jì)；C.pave鋪；D.occupy占據(jù)。由下文中的“thepath”并結(jié)合語境可知，此處指為英雄主義鋪平道路。pavethepath是固定短語，意為“鋪平道路”。故選C項(xiàng)。【28題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：英雄從根本上來說給了我們想要做的事的榜樣。A.frequently頻繁地；B.apparently明顯地；C.dynamically動(dòng)態(tài)地，充溢活力地；D.basically基本地；從根本上來說。由語境并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，此處指英雄從根本上給了我們想要做的事的榜樣。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：即使你有英雄的特質(zhì)，也必需出現(xiàn)在正確的狀況下，才能真正成為英雄。A.own擁有；B.equip裝備；C.absorb吸引；D.envy嫉妒。由上文中的“commontraits(特質(zhì))thatallheroesseemtopossess”并結(jié)合語境可知，此處應(yīng)用own與possess意思相近，指即使你有英雄的特質(zhì)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：消防隊(duì)員沖進(jìn)著火的建筑物去救里面的人。A.psychologists心理學(xué)家；B.firefighters消防隊(duì)員；C.supermen超人；D.workers工人。由下文中的“whorunintoburningbuildingstosavethepeopleinside”并結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，沖進(jìn)著火的建筑物去救里面的人是消防隊(duì)員。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：醫(yī)生和護(hù)士不顧自己生病的危急治療病人。A.possibility可能性；B.condition條件，狀況；C.affection影響；D.risk風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。由下文中的“ofbecomingsickthemselves”并結(jié)合語境可知，此處指不顧自己生病的危急治療病人。故選D項(xiàng)。【32題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：其他人通過捐贈(zèng)一個(gè)救命器官或者在有須要的時(shí)候幫個(gè)忙來變更生活。A.Heroes英雄；B.Patients患者；C.Others其他人；D.Rescuers救援者。上文列舉了醫(yī)生、護(hù)士、消防員等，所以此處應(yīng)描寫其他的一些英雄，所以此處應(yīng)選others。故選C項(xiàng)。【33題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：即使我們大多數(shù)人不會(huì)挽救世界，我們也可以努力培育我們內(nèi)心的英雄。A.compassion憐憫；B.inspiration靈感，鼓舞；C.nurse護(hù)士；D.hero英雄。由上下文多次提到的hero并結(jié)合語境可知，此處指我們也可以努力培育我們內(nèi)心的英雄。故選D項(xiàng)。34題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：美國(guó)演員克里斯托弗·雷夫——最聞名的超人角色。A.role角色；B.example例子，榜樣；C.dignity尊嚴(yán)；D.target目標(biāo)。由下文中的“asSuperman”并結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，超人是美國(guó)演員克里斯托弗·雷夫最聞名的角色。故選A項(xiàng)。【35題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：英雄是一個(gè)，盡管懦弱，懷疑或不總是知道答案的，但不管怎樣，他都會(huì)前進(jìn)并戰(zhàn)勝的人。A.someway好歹，終于；B.anyway無論如何；C.atrandom隨意地；D.inparticular尤其，特殊。由上文中的“inspiteofweakness,doubtornotalwaysknowingtheanswers”和“goesaheadandovercomes”可知，此處應(yīng)用anyway。故選B項(xiàng)。第三部分閱讀理解（共15題每題2分滿分30分）請(qǐng)仔細(xì)閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑ATheQUIK-FRYTMElectronicWokItisimportantthatyoureadthiscarefullybeforefirstusingthewok.Untilyoubecomefamiliarwiththeproduct,weadvisethatyoucankeepthishandyandrefertoitwhenrequired.IMPORTANTSAFEGUARDS:

Inordertopreventtheriskofelectricshock.DONorIMMERSEthecordortheprobeinwateroranyotherliquid.

Wheneverhewokisusednearchildren,itisessentialthatclosesupervisiontakesplaceNeverleavetheapplianceunattendedwhileinuse.Beforedisassemblingthewokforcleaning,SWITCHOFFANDREMOVETHEPLUGfromthepowersource.

DONOTUSETHEQuick-FryWOKOUTDOORS.

Avoidtouchinghotsurfaces;insteadusetheheatresistanthandlesonthewokortheheal-resistantplasticknobontopoftheglasshid.DONOTOPERATENEARHOTSURFACESsuchaselectrichotplates,gasburnersorinaheatedoven.

DONOTCOVERtheQuick-Frywokwiththelidwhileusingittodeepfryfoods.Failuretocomplywillcausecondensationtodripontotheoilandcausesplattering.

DONOTATTEMPTREPAIRoftheQuickFrywok.Ifthecordbecomesdamaged,oriftheapplianceismalfunctioning,donotoperate.Returntheappliancetothenearestauthorizedservicecenterforrepair.DONOTOPENTHEBASEORTOUCHTHEELECTRICALCOMONENTSINSIDE.Tamperingwiththebasewillvoidthewarranty.Manufacturedforoperationonlyfromastandarddomesticpowersource.HowtoUsetheQuick-FryElectricWok:Besuretoseasonthewokbeforeusingitforthefirsttime,Assemblethewokandheattothehighestsetting.Rubthenon-stickinnersurfaceofthewokwith1tablespoonofoil.Usethickpapertoweling.andbeverycarefultoavoidtouchingthehotsurface.CookingMethods:36.Thistextismostprobablyfrom_______.A.anadvertisementfortheelectricwokB.acookingbookdesignedforcustomersC.aninstructionbookletforthewokD.acustomerreviewofthewok37.Oneoftheadvantagesofthewokisthat_______.A.youdon'tneedtopaycloseattentiontoitwhencookingB.youmayremoveitsbasewhencleaningthewokC.youcanrepairthewokbyyourselfwhenitisnotworkingproperlyD.youcantouchthewokbecauseitistotallyfreefromheat【答案】36.C37.B【解析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章是一種炒菜鍋的運(yùn)用說明書，介紹了其平安條款、運(yùn)用方法和烹飪方式等信息?！?6題詳解】推理推斷題。定位到文章第一段“itisimportantthatyoureadthiscarefullybeforefirstusingthewok.”以及下文列出的平安條款、運(yùn)用方法和烹飪方式可知，這篇文章是關(guān)于wok（炒菜鍋）的一份運(yùn)用說明。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)炒菜鍋圖標(biāo)注的“detachablebaseand…easycleaning”可知，當(dāng)進(jìn)行清洗工作時(shí)，鍋?zhàn)拥牡鬃强梢圆鹦断聛淼?，故B項(xiàng)正確。detachable表示“可拆卸的”；A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，在平安條款的其次條中就提到了不要讓設(shè)備無人看管；C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤在平安事項(xiàng)中也明確標(biāo)注了“donotattemptrepairoftheQuick-Frywork”，故解除；D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，在‘howtouse’信息下也寫明白避開觸碰鍋?zhàn)拥谋砻?，故解除D。故選B項(xiàng)。BAnewstudyarguesthatpeople'sinstincttotreatprobabilitiesasevenlysplitwhentheyareuncertainiswidespread.InaworkingpaperBenjaminEnkeandThomasGraeber,bothofHarvardUniversity,arguethatthebiastowards50:50hasshownupinmanycontexts.Oneisdecision-makingunderknownrisks,suchasgamblingataslotmachine(老虎機(jī)).Economistshavelongrealizedthatpeoplearemoresensitivetochangesinprobabilitiesthenearertheyaretotheboundariesof0%and100%Forexample,thechanceofabigwinof,say,$Imillionrisingfrom0%to1%seemsmuchmoresignificantthanthechanceofthesamewinrisingfrom20%to21%.Attheextremes,thereisatendencytocompress(壓縮)oddstoevens.Otherresearchershavefoundthatambiguousriskshaveasimilarcompressioneffect:itcanmakepeopleactasiftheyarefacingknownoddsthatarecloserto50:50thanmightseemrational,giventheinformationonoffer.MessrsEnkeandGraeberarguethatthistendencyevenshowsupinsurveysofexpectationsabouttheperformanceoftheeconomyandthestockmarket.Theauthorssuggestanewtheorytoexplainthisbehavior:“cognitiveuncertainty".Itcouldbedescribedasasimplelackofconfidence.Ifpeopleknowthattheymaynotbedoingthesumsright,orthattheirmemorymaybefallingthem,orthattheyarenotsurewhattheirownpreferenceare,thentheirchoicesdependontheinformationtheyarepresentedandmoreona“mentaldefault"ofequalprobabilities.InaseriesofonlinegamblingexperimentsMr.EnkeandMr.Graebershowthatthemoreuncertainpeopleareintheirjudgements,themorelikelytheyaretohedgetheirbets(幾面下注)evenwhentheyhaveaccesstoinformationthatshould,intheory,beuseful.Researchershaveinthepastsuggestedthatoddsof50:50arereallycodefor“Idon'tknow".Forecastersputoddsonevensbecausewordslike"probable"and"likely"areinterpretedverydifferentlybydifferentpeople.Butnumbersmeannothingwithoutconfidence.38.PeopletendtotreatprobabilitiesasevenlysplitwhenA.theyaregamblingatafairslotmachine.B.theeconomistshaverealizedpeople'ssensitivity.C.theyaretryingtoearnmoremoneyintheboundaries.D.theyfollowtheirinstinctforwidespreaduncertainty.39.WecanconcludefromthepassagethatthecompressioneffectA.isconsideredveryuniqueinextremesituations.B.applieswhenpeoplemakepredictionsforeconomicperformance.C.enablesambiguousriskstobeclearerandmoreobvious.D.affectspeople'sanswersonsurveysofthestockmarket.40.Accordingtothepassage,ifpeoplelackconfidenceandcertainty,theymay____whentheyaremakingdecisions.A.dependonequality B.missusefulinformationCforgetthingsmoreeasily D.makemistakesintheircalculations41.What'stheauthor'spurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Toexplaintheapplicationofoddsandevens.B.Tooffertipsonpromotingpeople'sconfidence.C.Tointroduceanewstudyaboutoddsandevens.D.Toproposeanewtheoryaboutcognitiveuncertainty.【答案】38.A39.B40.B41.C【解析】本文是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了關(guān)于“50:50”概率的探討，詳細(xì)指出了五五開現(xiàn)象出現(xiàn)的情境、所帶來的壓縮效應(yīng)、五五開現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生的緣由等?！?8題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。定位到第一段“treatprobabilitiesasevenlysplitwhentheyareuncertain”可知，一般人們是在他們不確定的時(shí)候進(jìn)行五五開概率選擇。其次段，學(xué)者的論文報(bào)告中指出這種現(xiàn)象出現(xiàn)在許多狀況下，依據(jù)“suchasgamblingatafairslotmachine”可知，A選項(xiàng)符合題意。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)compressioneffect定位到第三段“thistendencyevenshowsupinsurveysofexpectationsabouttheperformanceoftheeconomyandthestockmarket.”可知，五五開帶來的壓縮效應(yīng)甚至在經(jīng)濟(jì)和股市表現(xiàn)預(yù)料調(diào)查中也有所體現(xiàn)。故選B項(xiàng)。【40題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。定位到第四段“thentheirchoicesdependlessontheinformationtheyarepresentedandmoreona“mentaldefault”ofequalprobabilities.”可知，人們的選擇會(huì)更少地依靠現(xiàn)有的信息，而更多依靠“心里默認(rèn)”的同等的概率。也就是說，他們可能會(huì)錯(cuò)過有用的信息，而選擇內(nèi)心的五五開的概率。故選B項(xiàng)。【41題詳解】推理推斷題?？v觀全文可知，本文主要介紹了關(guān)于“50:50”概率的探討，詳細(xì)指出了五五開現(xiàn)象出現(xiàn)的情境、所帶來的壓縮效應(yīng)、五五開現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生的緣由等。由此可知，C項(xiàng)“為了介紹概率和均等性的探討”概括了本文的中心內(nèi)容。故選C項(xiàng)。CGettingawaymaybegoodforyoursoulbutisitgoodforeveryoneelse?ByBENHEALYIfyoufeellikeyouneedavacation,you'realmostcertainlyrightAmericansgetfarfewerpaiddaysoffthanworkersinpettymuchanyotherindustrializeddemocracyandthetimeweactuallytakeoffhasdeclinedsignificantly,from20.3daysin1987to17.2daysin2024.Beyondsouvenirsandsuntans,thebestreasontotakeabreakmaybeyourownhealth.FortheHelsinkiBusinessmenStudy--40-yearcardiovascular(心血管的)healthstudythatalsohappenstobetheworkingtitleofthesoloalbumI'llprobablynevergetaround10recordingresearcherstreatedmenatriskofheartdisease.From1974to2004thosemenwhotookatleastthreeweeksofvacationwere379%lesslikelytodiethanthosewhotfewerweeksoff.Evenifwedon'tviewtimeofasamatteroflifeanddeath,peoplewhotakemoreoftheirallottedvacationtimetendtofindtheirworkmoremeaningful.Vacationcanyieldotherbenefits,too:Peoplewhotookallormostoftheirpaidvacationtimetotravelweremorelikelythanotherstoreportarecentraiseorbonus.AndtimenottakendepressesmorethanindividualcareerprospectsIn2024,theaverageusworkerleftsixpaidvacationdaysunused,whichworksoutto705milliondaysoftravelnationally,enoughtosupport1.9milliontravel-relatedjobs.Fromlongevitytocareergrowthtomacroeconomicachievements,theceaseforvacationseemsopen-andshut.Yetthepicture'snotentirelyrosy.Tourism'scarbonfootprintgrewfourtimesasmuchasexpectedfrom2009to2013,andaccountedfor8percentofallgreenhousegasemissioninthatperiod.What'smore,thetravelindustryisexpectedtoconsume92percentmorewaterin2050thanitdidin2010,and189percentmoreland.Inotherenvironmentalnews,peoplearelesslikelytoorecyclewhileonvacation(bothbecausetheyareunsurehowto,andbecausegettingawaywiththingsseemstobeakeypartofgettingawayfromitall)Thefrisson(短暫的、突然的興奮或恐驚)ofpitchingplasticisnottheonlythrilltemptingtravelers.Interviewswittouristsreturningfromvariousinternationaldestinationsrevealedthattheyusedmoredrugswhileonvacationthanineverydaylife.Otherstudieshavefoundthatpeoplearemorelikelytoeatwithabandonwhiletraveling:Onvacationsofonetothreeweeks,touristsgainanaverageof0.7pounds,asignificantportionofaverageannualweightgain.Finally,a2015studyfoundthat"travelandleisure"provokedenvyperhapsthesinglemosttoxicsubstanceknowntoman--morethananyotherattribute(特性)examined(including"relationshipandfamily,""appearance"and“moneyandmaterialpossessions").Theeffectmaybeespeciallysevereonsocialmedia:62%ofpeoplewhodescribedFacebook-causedbouts(發(fā)作)ofjealousysaidthey'dbeentriggeredbytravelorleisureexperiences--versuslessthanaquarterofpeoplewhoseenvyhadbeenpiqued(激起)inperson.Soforyourownhealthandsanity(心智健全)，bookthatvacation.Butforeveryoneelse's,pleasetravelassustainablyasyoucan,andtakeiteasywiththeInstagram.42.Fromthefirstthereparagraphs,wecanlearnthat______.A.souvenirsandsuntansarenotwhatpeoplewantwhentheygoonvacationB.notusingpaidvacationdayshaslittleimpactonaperson’scareerprospectC.thetimeAmericansspendonvacationhasdecreasedbyaboutthreedaysfrom1987to2024D.themaninHelsinkiBusinessmenStudyaremorelikelythanotherstotakeavacation43.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“open-andshut"inparagraph5?A.trickyandchallenging B.uncertainanddoubtfulC.interestingandinspiring D.obviousandstraightforward44.WhichofthefollowingstatementisNOTtrue?A.PeoplearemorelikelytogainweightwhentheytakeavacationB.TheboomingofthetouristindustrycontributestotheaccelerationofglobalwarmingC.ThethrillofthrowingplastictemptstravelerstotravelmoreoftenD.Travelandleisureleadtomoreenviousfeelingscomparedwithappearanceorwealth45.Itcanbeconcludedthattheauthor'stoneinthispassageis_____.A.objective B.skepticalC.sympathetic D.admiring【答案】42.C43.D44.C45.A【解析】本文是一篇爭(zhēng)論文。本文主要論述了假期的主動(dòng)作用和負(fù)面影響，并在最終一段總結(jié)，從身心角度建議度假，而從全人類的角度，建議適度、可持續(xù)地旅行?！?2題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段“Americansgetfarfewer…andthetimeweactuallytakeoffhasdeclinedsignificantly,fromthe20.3daysin1987to17.2daysin2024.”可知，美國(guó)人的假期時(shí)間從1987年的20.3天削減到2024年的17.2天，削減了大約三天，故C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)原文中并未提及人們不再寵愛，解除；B項(xiàng)在第三段描述了假期對(duì)人的工作的主動(dòng)影響，故解除；D項(xiàng)原文中是說在Helsinki的探討中，多休假的男人比少休假的人削減了死亡的可能性，與D項(xiàng)不符，解除。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】詞義揣測(cè)題。前文敘述了度假給人的健康、職業(yè)成長(zhǎng)、宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)帶來的主動(dòng)影響，而劃線詞后面的“yet”表轉(zhuǎn)折，”notentirelyrosy（不是完全樂觀的）”可知，此處是與前面