2023年遼寧省鞍山市中考英語真題(解析版)

2023年遼寧省鞍山市中考英語試題（考試時(shí)間100分鐘，滿分120分）第I卷（選擇題）（共50分）I.單項(xiàng)選擇（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）從各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。1.—WhydoesMarygetgoodgradeseachtime?—Ithinkthat’sbecausesheputsmostofher________intoherschoolwork.A.energy B.practice C.exercise D.process【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：——為什么瑪麗每次都取得好成績？——我想那是因?yàn)樗汛蟛糠志Χ挤旁诠φn上了?？疾槊~辨析。energy精力；practice練習(xí)；exercise鍛煉；process過程。根據(jù)“becausesheputsmostofoherschoolwork.”可知把大部分精力投入到功課上，就可以取得好成績。故選A。2.—Didyousee________attheHangzhouNationalTeaMuseum?—Yes.Isawmanybeautifulteasetsandallkindsofteathere.A.somethinginteresting B.everythinginterestingC.anythinginteresting D.nothinginteresting【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：——你在杭州國家茶葉博物館看到什么有趣的東西了嗎？——是的。我在那里看到了許多漂亮的茶具和各種各樣的茶?？疾榇~辨析。something一些事，常放肯定句中；everything所有事；anything任何事，常放否定句和疑問句中；nothing沒有事。根據(jù)“Didyousee...”可知是有沒有看到什么有趣事情，疑問句中用anything。故選C。3.—ChinaShanghaiInternationalChildren’sBookFairhasbeenheldninetimes.—Yes.The________fairwasheldfromDecember2to4,2022.A.nine B.ninth C.nineteenth D.ninety【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：——中國上海國際兒童圖書博覽會(huì)已經(jīng)舉辦了九屆?！堑?。第九屆進(jìn)博會(huì)于2022年12月2日至4日舉行。考查序數(shù)詞。nine九；ninth第九；nineteenth第十九；ninety九十。根據(jù)“hasbeenheldninetimes.”以及“The...fairwasheld...”可知博覽會(huì)已經(jīng)舉辦了九屆，此處指第九屆，用序數(shù)詞。故選B。4.Alicefelt________inhernewschool,soshejoinedsomeclubstomakenewfriends.A.sleepy B.lonely C.interested D.excited【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：愛麗絲在新學(xué)校感到孤獨(dú)，所以她加入了一些俱樂部來結(jié)交新朋友?？疾樾稳菰~辨析。sleepy疲憊的；lonely孤獨(dú)的；interested感興趣的；excited激動(dòng)的。根據(jù)“soshejoinedsomeclubstomakenewfriends.”可知結(jié)交新朋友是為了排解孤獨(dú)。故選B。5.—Thetrafficismoreconvenientthanbefore.—Yes.Anotherbridge________overthisriverlastyear.A.isbuilt B.wasbuilt C.builds D.willbebuilt【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：——交通比以前更方便了。——是的。去年在這條河上又建了一座橋?？疾楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)。主語Anotherbridge和謂語build之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，根據(jù)“l(fā)astyear”可知句子用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)was/weredone。故選B。6.—CouldyoupleasetellmewhereMrGreenis?—Sure.Hehas________forLondon.A.cutout B.putout C.comeout D.setout【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：——你能告訴我格林先生在哪兒嗎？——當(dāng)然。他已啟程前往倫敦?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語。cutout裁剪；putout撲滅；comeout出版；setout出發(fā)。根據(jù)“forLondon”可知是出發(fā)去倫敦。故選D。7.—MayIswimintheriver?—No.You________keepawayfromtheriver.Thesignsays“NoSwimming”.A.must B.mustn’t C.need D.can’t【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：——我可以在河里游泳嗎？——不。你必須遠(yuǎn)離那條河。牌子上寫著“禁止游泳”?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞。must必須；mustn’t禁止；need需要；can’t不能。根據(jù)“Thesignsays‘NoSwimming’.”可知那條河是禁止游泳的，所以必須遠(yuǎn)離那條河。故選A。8.—ThepencantranslatewhatyouwritedownintoEnglish.—________interestinginvention!A.What B.Whatan C.How D.Whata【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：——這支筆可以把你寫的東西翻譯成英語?！嗝从腥さ陌l(fā)明啊！考查感嘆句以及冠詞。感嘆句的中心詞是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)invention，用感嘆句結(jié)構(gòu)whata/anadj.n.+主謂，interesting以元音音素開頭，用不定冠詞an。故選B。9.—Iwonder________mynewclassmates.—Bycommunicatingwiththemmore.A.whatcanIlearnfrom B.whenIcanlearnfromC.wherecanItalkwith D.howIcangetonwith【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：——我想知道我怎樣才能和我的新同學(xué)相處得好?！ㄟ^與他們進(jìn)行更多的溝通?？疾橘e語從句。句子是賓語從句，用陳述語序，排除AC；根據(jù)“By...”可知此處詢問方式，用how引導(dǎo)賓語從句。故選D。10.—I’mworriedaboutthehistoryexamnextweek.—________.Ibelieveyoucanpassit.A.Great B.Welldone C.Takeiteasy D.Notbad【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：——我擔(dān)心下周的歷史考試?！?jiǎng)e緊張。我相信你能通過。考查情景交際。Great很棒；Welldone干得好；Takeiteasy別緊張；Notbad還不錯(cuò)。根據(jù)“I’mworriedaboutthehistoryexamnextweek.”可知對(duì)方很緊張，所以應(yīng)該安慰對(duì)方，故選C。II.情景交際（共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分）根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容，從所給的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，使對(duì)話內(nèi)容完整。A:Hi,ZhouRan.B:Hi,GaoJie.____11____A:I’mgoingtothebasketballclubfortraining.B:____12____A:Twiceaweek.B:Whoisyourfavoritebasketballplayer?A:ZhaoJiwei,ofcourse.____13____HehasjustwonMostValuablePlayeroftheFinals.B:IstillfeelexcitedaboutLiaoning’sthirdCBAtitle(冠軍),A:SodoI.____14____B:Yes,Idid.Iwenttherewithmyfather.A:____15____It’snoteasytogetthetickets.Bytheway,wouldyouliketogototheclubwithme?B:Sure,I’dloveto.A:Let’sgo!A.DidyougotowatchtheFinals?B.Youaresolucky!C.Whendidyougo?D.Howoftendoyougotothebasketballclub?E.Whodidyougowith?F.Whereareyougoing?G.Heissoexcellent.【答案】11.F12.D13.G14.A15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了高潔最喜歡的籃球運(yùn)動(dòng)員以及兩人相約一起去籃球俱樂部。【11題詳解】根據(jù)“I’mgoingtothebasketballclubfortraining.”可知此處詢問對(duì)方要去哪里，選項(xiàng)F“你要去哪里”符合語境。故選F?！?2題詳解】根據(jù)“Twiceaweek.”可知此處詢問頻率，選項(xiàng)D“你多久去一次籃球俱樂部”符合語境。故選D?！?3題詳解】根據(jù)“HehasjustwonMostValuablePlayeroftheFinals.”可知此處評(píng)價(jià)這個(gè)籃球運(yùn)動(dòng)員，選項(xiàng)G“他非常優(yōu)秀”符合語境。故選G。【14題詳解】根據(jù)“Yes,Idid.Iwenttherewithmyfather.”可知此處詢問對(duì)方有沒有去看，選項(xiàng)A“你去看決賽了嗎”符合語境。故選A?！?5題詳解】根據(jù)“It’snoteasytogetthetickets”可知不容易買到票，所以能去看決賽很幸運(yùn)，選項(xiàng)B“你真幸運(yùn)”符合語境。故選B。III.完形填空（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇一個(gè)最佳答案。Oncetherewasateenageboywhowasknownasafastrunnerinhisvillage.Heonly___16___aboutwinningeveryraceandbecomingmoresuccessful.Oneday,theboytookpartinarunningraceinhisvillage.Hewonthe200,100and50-meterraceswithoutanyproblem.Hewas___17___ofhimselfandreceivedgreatapplause(掌聲).Buthisgrandfathercameandaskedhimtohavearacewithtwounexpectedcompetitors(參賽者),anoldmanandablindgirl.Theboythoughtitwasunbelievablebut___18___.Intherace,theboyfinishedfirst,___19___theoldmanandtheblindgirlwerestillfarbehind.Withjoy,hewaved(揮)hishandsatthe___20___.Buttheykeptsilent.“Whyaren’tpeoplecheeringformelikebefore?”heaskedhisgrandfather.“Starttheraceagainwiththem.Butthistime,allofyoushouldcrossthefinishlineatthesametime,”thegrandfatherreplied.Theboywassurprisedbut___21___totakepartintherace.Duringthe___22___race,theboytookthehandsoftheoldmanandtheblindgirl.Andhewalked___23___withthemtothefinishline.Thecrowdstoodupandgavethemapplause.Theboyaskedhisgrandfather,“Forwhomarethepeoplecheering?Isit___24___meorthem?”Thegrandfathersmiledandsaid,“Thecrowddidnotcheerforanyoneofyou.Theycheeredforhow___25___ofyourantheracetogether.”Facingtheraceoflife,whatmattersisnotjustwinning,buthowyouruntherace.16.A.heard B.talked C.cared D.learned17.A.harmful B.proud C.good D.nervous18.A.accepted B.argued C.punished D.left19.A.unless B.because C.so D.while20.A.girl B.boy C.crowd D.oldman21.A.agreed B.disagreed C.refused D.missed22.A.first B.second C.third D.fourth23.A.hardly B.unluckily C.quickly D.slowly24.A.for B.to C.with D.at25.A.either B.neither C.all D.both【答案】16.C17.B18.A19.D20.C21.A22.B23.D24.A25.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文講述了一位男孩跑步非常厲害，他只關(guān)心每場比賽的勝利。他的爺爺讓他與老人和盲女一起參加比賽，當(dāng)他獨(dú)自跑到終點(diǎn)，沒有人為他歡呼，但當(dāng)他拉著老人和盲女的手一起沖向終點(diǎn)時(shí)，人們?yōu)樗麄児恼??！?6題詳解】句意：他只關(guān)心贏得每一場比賽，變得更加成功。heard聽到；talked談?wù)?；cared在乎；learned學(xué)習(xí)。根據(jù)“Heonly...aboutwinningeveryrace”可知男孩只關(guān)心贏得每一場比賽。careabout“關(guān)心”。故選C。【17題詳解】句意：他為自己感到驕傲，得到了熱烈的掌聲。harmful有害的；proud自豪的；good好的；nervous緊張的。根據(jù)“Hewonthe200,100and50-meterraceswithoutanyproblem.”可知男孩毫無問題地贏得了200米、100米和50米的比賽，所以他很驕傲自豪，故選B?！?8題詳解】句意：男孩覺得難以置信，但還是接受了。accepted接受；argued爭論；punished懲罰；left離開。根據(jù)“Theboythoughtitwasunbelievable”可知男孩很難相信他爺爺?shù)淖龇?，但是還是接受了，故選A?！?9題詳解】句意：在賽跑中，男孩第一名，而老人和盲女孩還遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)落在后面。unless除非；because因?yàn)?；so所以；while然而。前后是轉(zhuǎn)折對(duì)比關(guān)系，應(yīng)用while，故選D?！?0題詳解】句意：他高興地向人群揮手。girl女孩；boy男孩；crowd人群；oldman老人。根據(jù)“Withjoy,hewaved(揮)hishandsatthe”和“Buttheykeptsilent.”可知男孩高興地向人群揮手。故選C?！?1題詳解】句意：男孩很驚訝，但還是同意參加比賽。agreed同意；disagreed不同意；refused拒絕；missed錯(cuò)過。根據(jù)“Theboywassurprised”和but表示轉(zhuǎn)折可知，男孩同意參加比賽。故選A?！?2題詳解】句意：在第二場比賽中，男孩牽著老人和盲女孩的手。first第一；second第二；third第三；fourth第四。上文講述了男孩和老人、盲女孩的第一次比賽，所以這里是第二場比賽，故選B。【23題詳解】句意：他慢慢地和他們一起走到終點(diǎn)線。hardly幾乎不；unluckily不幸地；quickly快速地；slowly緩慢地。根據(jù)“theboytookthehandsoftheoldmanandtheblindgirl.”可知老人和盲女孩走得很慢。故選D?！?4題詳解】句意：是為了我還是為了他們？for為了；to到；with和；at在。根據(jù)“Forwhomarethepeoplecheering”可知應(yīng)用介詞for表示“為了”。故選A。【25題詳解】句意：他們?yōu)槟銈円黄鹋芡耆潭鴼g呼。either兩者選一；neither兩者都不；all全部；both兩者都。根據(jù)“Theycheeredforhow...ofyourantheracetogether.”可知指的是男孩、老人和盲女孩三個(gè)人，應(yīng)用all，故選C。IV.閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)；滿分25分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容從文后A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。ANotification(告知書)Dearparents,NextThursday,June1st,we’llgoonatriptotheFunTimesZoo.We’llmeetattheschoolgateat8:00am,andthentaketheschoolbustothezoo.Atthezoo,studentswillwatchashortfilmaboutdifferentanimals.Thenstudentswillbedividedintogroupsof5-7towatchallkindsofanimals.Eachgroupwillbegivenapieceofpaperwithsomequestionstofilloutwhilewatching.Pleasepreparethefollowingthingsforyourchild:◆$20(theticket)◆Lunchandwater◆Apen(forfillingoutthepaperwiththequestions)PleasesignatthebottomofthispageandmustreturnitbeforeMonday,May29th.Withoutthisnote,yourchildwon’tbeallowedtoattendthetrip.Yours,MissGreenTimetable8:00amMeetattheschoolgate8:15am~8:30amTaketheschoolbustothezoo8:40am~11:40amDoactivitiesatthezoo12:00pm~12:30pmHavelunch12:40pm~12:55pmTaketheschoolbusbacktoschool**CutHere**Igivemypermission(允許)for________toattendthetrip.Parentsignature(簽字):________Tel:347-451-8686Date:May28th,202326.Itwilltakestudents________togettothezoofromtheschool.A.tenminutes B.fifteenminutes C.twentyminutes D.halfanhour27.Eachgroupneedsto________whilewatchingtheanimals.A.seeashortfilm B.filloutthepaperwithquestionsC.havelunchtogether D.filloutthenotification28.IfMrsBrown’sdaughterandtwinsonsgotothezoo,she’llpay________forthetickets.A.$20 B.$40 C.$60 D.$8029.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Theactivitiesatthezoowilllastforthreehours.B.StudentscanreturnthenoteonMay30th.C.StudentscangetfreelunchofferedbyMissGreen.D.Studentscanattendthetripwithoutthenote.30.Ifyouwanttogetmoreinformationaboutthetrip,youcan________.A.sendanemail B.writealetter C.visitthewebsite D.makeatelephonecall【答案】26.B27.B28.C29.A30.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文主要是學(xué)校給家長的告知書，介紹了學(xué)校旅行的相關(guān)信息?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“8:15am~8:30amTaketheschoolbustothezoo”可知從學(xué)校到公園需要15分鐘。故選B?！?7題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Eachgroupwillbegivenapieceofpaperwithsomequestionstofilloutwhilewatching.”可知每個(gè)小組將得到一張紙，上面有一些問題需要在觀看時(shí)填寫。故選B?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“◆$20(theticket)”可知一個(gè)人需要20美元，所以一個(gè)女兒和兩個(gè)雙胞胎兒子需要60美元。故選C?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“8:40am~11:40amDoactivitiesatthezoo”可知從上午8點(diǎn)40到11點(diǎn)40是在動(dòng)物園做活動(dòng)，共三個(gè)小時(shí)。故選A?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Tel:347-451-8686”可知如果想了解更多信息，可以打電話。故選D。BJudie’sclasswerestudyingChineseculture.Oneday,herteacherwentintotheclassroomwithsomekites.HetoldthemthatkiteswereinventedinChinamorethantwothousandyearsago.Attheendoftheclass,hesaid,“TheChinesemakekitesthatmeansomethingimportanttothem.Iexpecteachofyoutomakeakitethatmeanssomethingimportanttoyou.Inthatcase,youwillhaveabetterunderstandingofkitesthanbefore.”Judiedecidedtoaskherdadforhelpasitwasherfirsttimetomakeakite.“Whatcanyouthinkofwhenyouseeakite?”herdadasked.Judiethoughtforamomentandanswered,“Butterflies.”Judie’sdadagreedthatitwouldbeagoodideatomakeabutterflykite.Theymadeacrosswithsomewoodsticks,thenJudiepaintedabutterflyonapieceofwhitepaper.Next,theystuckthepaperonthecross.Finally,theytiedalongtailtothebottom.Thenextmorning,theytookthekitetotheparkandtestedit.“Wow!”shecriedproudly,“Howhighitflies!”“Judie,canyoutellmewhyyoulikebutterflies?”askedherdad.Judiereplied,“Tome,butterfliesmeanbeautyandfreedom!”31.Thekiteswereinventedmorethan________yearsago.A.1,000 B.1,500 C.2,000 D.2,50032.Judiewantedtomakea________kite.A.fish B.panda C.sheep D.butterfly33.WhenJudiemadeakitesheused________.A.clayandsticks B.paintandcards C.sticksandpaper D.chopsticksandpaper34.WhatdoesabutterflymeantoJudie?A.Beautyandfreedom. B.Loveandfamily.C.Happinessandluck. D.Lifeandbeauty.35.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Judieaskedherparentsforhelpandtheyagreed.B.Judiemighthaveabetterunderstandingofkitesthanbefore.C.Judiestuckthepaperonthecrossandtiedalongtailtothetop.D.Judietookthekitetotheyardandplayedwithherdad.【答案】31.C32.D33.C34.A35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了朱迪的老師讓同學(xué)們做一個(gè)對(duì)自己來說很重要的風(fēng)箏。朱迪在父親的幫助下，兩人一起制作了一個(gè)蝴蝶風(fēng)箏?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“HetoldthemthatkiteswereinventedinChinamorethantwothousandyearsago.”可知風(fēng)箏是中國兩千多年前發(fā)明的。故選C?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Judie’sdadagreedthatitwouldbeagoodideatomakeabutterflykite.”可知朱迪想要做蝴蝶風(fēng)箏，故選D?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theymadeacrosswithsomewoodsticks,thenJudiepaintedabutterflyonapieceofwhitepaper.Next,theystuckthepaperonthecross.Finally,theytiedalongtailtothebottom”可知用到了木棍和紙，故選C。

【34題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Tome,butterfliesmeanbeautyandfreedom”可知對(duì)朱迪來說，蝴蝶意味著美麗和自由。故選A?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Iexpecteachofyoutomakeakitethatmeanssomethingimportanttoyou.Inthatcase,youwillhaveabetterunderstandingofkitesthanbefore.”（我希望你們每個(gè)人都能做一個(gè)對(duì)自己有重要意義的風(fēng)箏。在這種情況下，你會(huì)比以前更好地了解風(fēng)箏。）可推斷朱迪可能比以前更了解風(fēng)箏了。故選B。CChinahasmadeasystemoflawstoprotecttheenvironment.IthashelpedbuildbeautifulChina,accordingtoaworkreport.ThesystemincludestheEnvironmentalProtectionLawandalotoflawsinsomeotherareas,suchastheYangtzeRiverProtectionLaw,theYellowRiverProtectionLaw,theBlackSoil(土壤)ProtectionLaw,thelawontheQinghai-TibetPlateauandsoon.TheseenvironmentalprotectionlawsassistwithbeautifulChina.Chinaprotectsandimprovestheenvironmentinwhichpeoplelive.Ithasmadegreateffortstopreventandcontrolpollution.Overthepastfiveyears,theairquality(質(zhì)量)hasstayedatthegoodlevelon86.5percentofthedaysincities.Thecountryhasalsomadeprogressinpreventingandcontrollingsoilpollutionandcontinuedtoprotectforests,rivers,lakesandsoon.What’smore,Chinahasmanagedtomakelawstoprotectwildanimalsandplants,providehomesformanyanimalsandteachthepublictohelpthem.Animalsarefriendsofhumans,andprotectinganimalsisalsotoprotectthehomeofhumans.Agoodenvironmentisimportanttohumans.Withoutthefreshairorcleanwater,wecan’tliveontheearth.TheChinesegovernmenthastakenactiontoprotectboth.theenvironmentandourselves.36.Thereareatleast________lawsinParagraph2.A.5 B.6 C.7 D.837.Theunderlinedword“assist”inParagraph2issimilarto________.A.part B.agree C.help D.deal38.AccordingtoParagraph3,wehavedonesomethingtoprotecttheanimals,including________.①providinghomesformanyanimals②givinganimalsmorefood③teachingthepublictohelpanimals④makinglawstoprotectwildanimalsandplantsA.①②③ B.①③④ C.①②④ D.②③④39.Overthepastfiveyears,theairqualityincitieshasgenerallystayedatthe________level.A.bad B.terrible C.poor D.good40.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.AsystemoflawshasbeenmadetoprotectsoilaroundChina.B.Thecountryhasmadeprogressinpreventingriverpollution.C.Chinaprotectsandimprovestheenvironmentinwhichpeoplelive.D.Chinahastakenactiontoprotecttheenvironmentandhumans.【答案】36.A37.C38.B39.D40.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了中國已采取了很多行動(dòng)保護(hù)環(huán)境和人類?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ThesystemincludestheEnvironmentalProtectionLawandalotoflawsinsomeotherareas,suchastheYangtzeRiverProtectionLaw,theYellowRiverProtectionLaw,theBlackSoil(土壤)ProtectionLaw,thelawontheQinghai-TibetPlateauandsoon”可知該體系包括《環(huán)境保護(hù)法》和其他一些領(lǐng)域的許多法律，如《長江保護(hù)法》、《黃河保護(hù)法》、《黑土保護(hù)法》、《青藏高原法》等。故選A。【37題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“TheseenvironmentalprotectionlawsassistwithbeautifulChina.”可知這些環(huán)境保護(hù)法有助于建設(shè)美麗的中國，故此處劃線部分和help意義相近。故選C。【38題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Chinahasmanagedtomakelawstoprotectwildanimalsandplants,providehomesformanyanimalsandteachthepublictohelpthem”可知中國還制定了保護(hù)野生動(dòng)植物的法律，為許多動(dòng)物提供了家園，并教導(dǎo)公眾幫助它們。故選B。【39題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Overthepastfiveyears,theairquality(質(zhì)量)hasstayedatthegoodlevel”可知在過去五年里，空氣質(zhì)量一直保持在良好水平。故選D?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)“TheChinesegovernmenthastakenactiontoprotectboth.theenvironmentandourselves.”以及本文內(nèi)容可知本文主要介紹了中國已采取了很多行動(dòng)保護(hù)環(huán)境和人類。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）閱讀短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選擇合適句子還原到短文中，使短文意思通順、結(jié)構(gòu)完整。Haveyoueverforgottenwhereyoursocksarewhenyouwakeupinthemorning?Canyourememberwhatyouateforlunchaweekago?____41____Butnowyoushouldbethankful.ScientistsfromtheUniversityofTorontofoundthatforgettingisactuallyakeypartoflearning.Clearingoutunnecessaryinformationcanhelpourbrainsworkbetter.____42____Scientistssaythatthismayhavesomethingtodowiththeenvironmentwelivein.____43____Forexample,asupermarketcashier(收銀員)meetsmanypeopleeverydayandwillprobablyonlyrememberthemforashorttime.Butadesignerwhooftenmeetshisorhercustomerswillrememberlonger.That’sbecauseourbrainskeepmakingnewneurons(神經(jīng)元)fromstemcells(干細(xì)胞),saidPaulFrankland,aprofessorattheUniversityofToronto.Thereisaspecialareainourbrainscalledthehippocampus(海馬體).____44____Whennewneuronsgointothehippocampus,theyrenewouroldmemories.However,sleephasagreatinfluenceonourmemories.____45____Sleephelpsthebrainstoreandkeepnewfactsandinformation,saidMatthewWalkerfromtheUniversityofCalifornia.A.Whatkindofinformationisunnecessary?B.Itisimportantforuswhenwelearnandrememberthings.C.Youmaythinkthatbeingforgetfulisnotagoodthing.D.Whenwedon’thaveenoughsleep,wemayhaveahardtimerememberingnewinformation.E.Inanenvironmentthatisalwayschanging,ourbrainsmayrequireustorememberless.【答案】41.C42.A43.E44.B45.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了科學(xué)家們對(duì)于大腦記憶的新發(fā)現(xiàn)。遺忘是正常的，除去沒用的信息，可以幫助人們更好地利用大腦工作和學(xué)習(xí)。【41題詳解】根據(jù)“Butnowyoushouldbethankful.”可知but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，前面應(yīng)該是和“心存感激”相反的內(nèi)容。選項(xiàng)C“你可能認(rèn)為健忘不是一件好事?！狈险Z境，故選C?！?2題詳解】根據(jù)“Clearingoutunnecessaryinformationcanhelpourbrainsworkbetter”可知此處講的是清除不必要的信息可以幫助我們的大腦更好地工作。選項(xiàng)A“哪些信息是不必要的？”符合語境，故選A。【43題詳解】根據(jù)“Scientistssaythatthismayhavesomethingtodowiththeenvironmentwelivein.”可知此處講述的是環(huán)境的影響。選項(xiàng)E“在一個(gè)不斷變化的環(huán)境中，我們的大腦可能會(huì)要求我們記住更少。”符合語境，故選E?！?4題詳解】根據(jù)“Thereisaspecialareainourbrainscalledthehippocampus(海馬體)”可知說的是人大腦里的海馬體，選項(xiàng)B“當(dāng)我們學(xué)習(xí)和記憶事物時(shí)，它對(duì)我們很重要?！狈险Z境，故選B?！?5題詳解】根據(jù)“However,sleephasagreatinfluenceonourmemories”可知睡眠對(duì)記憶力有很大的影響。選項(xiàng)D“當(dāng)我們沒有足夠的睡眠時(shí)，我們可能很難記住新的信息。”符合語境，故選D。第II卷（非選擇題）（共70分）V.短文填空（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容從方框中選擇合適單詞并用其適當(dāng)形式填空，使短文內(nèi)容完整。（每詞限用一次，有兩個(gè)詞多余）bringhelptopeacefulwhichdifficultotherjustwhononementionanotherWhatisthebestvirtue(美德)?Whatcanwelearnfromwater?Laozi,afamousChinesethinker____46____livedaround2,500yearsago,mighthaveananswer.Laozitellsusthatthetopcharacterisjustlikewater.Alllifeintheworldcannotlivewithoutwater,butwaterneverasksforanythinginreturn.Itbenefits(使受益)all,competingwith____47____.Itsimplykeepsgivingquietly.Also,wateroftenstayswherepeopledon’tlike.Thiskindoflowprofile(低姿態(tài))makeswatertheclosest____48____thelawoftheuniverse(萬物之規(guī)).Indealingwithpeople,wecanactaswater.Doourbesttohelp____49____withouttryingtogetanythingback.Atthesametime,stayhumble(謙虛的).Don’talwaystalkaboutthe____50____yougavetootherpeople.Evenifyouareina____51____situation,youneedtostaycalm.Afterall,waterwillnotchoosewheretobe,andit____52____goestowhereitisneeded.TheChinesenationhasalwayshelddearLaozi’sideasaboutwater.In2014,PresidentXiJinping____53____itatthewelcomedinnerofthe22ndAPECEconomicLeaders’MeetinginBeijing.HesaidAPECmembersare____54____togetherbythewaterofthePacificOceanandhaveasharedresponsibilitytomakethePacificanoceanof____55____,friendshipandcooperation(合作).Thisisthewisdom(智慧)waterbringsus.【答案】46.who47.none48.to49.others50.help51.difficult52.just53.mentioned54.brought55.peace【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文講述了老子上善若水的思想和在現(xiàn)代的運(yùn)用?！?6題詳解】句意：生活在2500年前的中國著名思想家老子或許有答案。此處是定語從句，先行詞是人，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，應(yīng)用who引導(dǎo)定語從句，故填who?！?7題詳解】句意：它使所有人受益，不與任何人競爭。根據(jù)“Itbenefits(使受益)all,competingwith...”結(jié)合選詞可知，水使所有人受益，不與任何人競爭，應(yīng)用none。故填none。【48題詳解】句意：這種低調(diào)使水成為最接近萬物之規(guī)的東西。closeto“靠近”，是固定短語。故填to?！?9題詳解】句意：盡我們最大的努力去幫助別人，不要試圖得到任何回報(bào)。根據(jù)“Doourbesttohelp...withouttryingtogetanythingback”可知文章建議我們盡最大的努力去幫助別人，應(yīng)用others“其他人”作賓語。故填others?！?0題詳解】句意：不要總是談?wù)撃憬o別人的幫助。根據(jù)“Don’talwaystalkaboutthe...yougavetootherpeople.”結(jié)合選詞可知是指不要總是談?wù)撃憬o別人的幫助。應(yīng)用名詞help“幫助”。故填help。51題詳解】句意：即使身處困境，也要保持冷靜。此空應(yīng)填形容詞作定語，根據(jù)“youneedtostaycalm.”可知需要保持冷靜是在深處困境的時(shí)候，應(yīng)用形容詞difficult。故填difficult。【52題詳解】句意：畢竟，水不會(huì)選擇去哪里，它只是去需要它的地方。根據(jù)“waterwillnotchoosewheretobe,andit...goestowhereitisneeded.”結(jié)合選詞可知，水只是去需要它的地方，應(yīng)用just“僅僅”。故填just?！?3題詳解】句意：2014年，習(xí)近平主席在北京舉行的亞太經(jīng)合組織第二十二次領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人非正式會(huì)議的歡迎晚宴上提到了這一點(diǎn)。根據(jù)“PresidentXiJinping...itatthewelcomedinner”結(jié)合選詞可知，習(xí)近平主席提到了老子這種思想。mention“提到”，動(dòng)詞，句子是一般過去時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用過去式。故填mentioned。【54題詳解】句意：他說，亞太經(jīng)合組織成員因太平洋之水而走到一起，有共同的責(zé)任使太平洋成為和平、友誼與合作的海洋。根據(jù)“HesaidAPECmembersare...togetherbythewaterofthePacificOcean”可知亞太經(jīng)合組織成員因太平洋之水而走到一起，結(jié)合選詞可知，應(yīng)用bringtogether“使在一起”。句子是一般過去時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用過去式。故填brought。【55題詳解】句意：他說，亞太經(jīng)合組織成員因太平洋之水而走到一起，有共同的責(zé)任使太平洋成為和平、友誼與合作的海洋。此空應(yīng)填名詞和空后的friendship以及cooperation并列，結(jié)合選詞可知peace“和平”符合語境，故填peace。VI.綜合閱讀（共兩節(jié)；滿分20分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，按要求完成任務(wù)。ThescienceandtechnologybackyardprogramwasstartedbyChinaAgriculturalUniversityinBeijing.Thisprogramsendsstudentstohelpsolvepractical(實(shí)際的)farmingproblems.HouYulin,25,studiesatthisuniversity.Hehastakenpartintheprogram.Onarecentafternoon,hewenttoagreenfield.Hewalkedaroundtospreadfertilizer(肥料)overcrops(莊稼)togetherwithseveralfarmersinHandan,Hebei.Undertheprogram,studentsdoresearchinfieldsandusetheirknowledgetohelpfarmers.OnMay3rd,ChinesePresidentXiJinpingrepliedtoaletterfromstudentstakingpartintheprogram.XiJinpingpraised(C)themfortheirworkonthefrontlineoffarming.ZhangFusuo,aprofessor(教授)atChinaAgriculturalUniversity,startedthefirstscienceandtechnologybackyardprojectin2009inHebeiprovince.Hisideaissimple.“Thefarmersdon’tunderstandourresearch.Weneedtofindawaytogodowntothecountryside.(A)Thatwillmaketechnologytrulyusefulinsolvingpracticalproblems,”Zhangsaid.Hiswishhascometrue.TakeHouforexample,Houstudiesresourceutilization(資源利用)andplantprotectiontohelpimprovecropoutput(產(chǎn)量).Sofar,theuniversityhasdeveloped139scienceandtechnologybackyardprojectsin24provincial-level(省級(jí))areasinChina.(B)Another780suchprojectswillbesetupacrossthecountryinthefuture.TheprogramhasalsobeenintroducedineightcountriesinAfrica.56.把（A）處畫線句子翻譯成漢語。________________________________57.把（B）處畫線句子翻譯成漢語。________________________________58.寫出（C）處畫線單詞指代的內(nèi)容。________________________________59.在文中找出侯同學(xué)為了幫助提高莊稼產(chǎn)量進(jìn)行的兩項(xiàng)研究。（名詞短語）________________________________60.找出或概括能體現(xiàn)本文大意的句子。________________________________【答案】56.這將使技術(shù)在解決實(shí)際問題時(shí)真正有用。57.未來還將在全國范圍內(nèi)建立780個(gè)此類項(xiàng)目。58.students59.resourceutilization;plantprotection60.ThescienceandtechnologybackyardprogramwasstartedbyChinaAgriculturalUniversityinBeijing.【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)發(fā)起的科技后院計(jì)劃?！?6題詳解】That那；will將；make使；technology科技；truly真正地；useful有用的；solvingpracticalproblems解決實(shí)際問題。故填：這將使技術(shù)在解決實(shí)際問題時(shí)真正有用?！?7題詳解】Another780suchprojects另外780個(gè)此類項(xiàng)目；willbesetup將會(huì)被建立；acrossthecountry在全國范圍內(nèi)；inthefuture在未來。故填：未來還將在全國范圍內(nèi)建立780個(gè)此類項(xiàng)目。【58題詳解】根據(jù)“ChinesePresidentXiJinpingrepliedtoaletterfromstudentstakingpartintheprogram.XiJinpingpraised(C)themfortheirworkonthefrontlineoffarming”可知習(xí)主席回復(fù)了參加該項(xiàng)目的學(xué)生的來信，他贊揚(yáng)了他們?cè)谵r(nóng)業(yè)前線的工作，故此處them指代學(xué)生們。故填students?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)“Houstudiesresourceutilization(資源利用)andplantprotectiontohelpimprovecropoutput”可知侯研究資源利用和植物保護(hù)以幫助提高作物產(chǎn)量。故填resourceutilization;plantprotection。【60題詳解】本文主要介紹了中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)發(fā)起的科技后院計(jì)劃，故本文的主題句是ThescienceandtechnologybackyardprogramwasstartedbyChinaAgriculturalUniversityinBeijing。故填ThescienceandtechnologybackyardprogramwasstartedbyChinaAgriculturalUniversityinBeijing.

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，回答下列問題。Nowadays,moreandmoreservicerobotshavebecomeapartofpeople’sdailylife.Accordingtoarecentreport,theaverageannual(年均的)growthoftheChineseroboticsindustry(機(jī)器人行業(yè))overthepastfiveyearshasreached22percent.ManyChinesecompanieshavemaderoboticdogs.Forexample,onecompanyinHangzhoumadearoboticdoganditcouldcarry3kilogramsofthingsanditcouldserveasarunningpartnerforitsowner.In2021,acompanyalsomadearobotthatwasableto“see”and“sense”itsenvironmentwithfaceandbodyrecognition(識(shí)別)technology.Therobotcouldfollowitsownerandavoidobstacles(障礙)automatically(自動(dòng)地).Robotsarenowhelpingpeopleinmanyways.Theyarewidelyusedinhouses,actingaspeople’spersonalhelpers,suchasrobotcleanersandcookingrobots.Ineducation,robotsareusedasgreatteachersandcoaches.Recently,aboardgamerobotwasusedinGuangzhou.BesidesteachingstudentstoplayChinesechess,itcouldalsotellthecultureandrulesofthegame.Robotsarealsousedinelderly(年長的)care.Someproductsthatcouldimproveoldpeople’sself-carehavealreadybeeninuseonthemarket.Now,servicerobotsaremadetooffermoreconvenientandintelligentservices.Ourlifewillbedifferentwiththehelpoftheserobotsinthefuture.Doyouthinkso?61.WhatpercenthastheaverageannualgrowthoftheChineseroboticsindustryreachedoverthepastfiveyears?________________________________62.Istherearobotthatcan“see”and“sense”itsenvironment?________________________________63.AccordingtoParagraph3,whatcanrobotsdoinhousesaspeople’spersonalhelpers?________________________________64.Inwhichwayscanrobotsbeusedaccordingtothepassage?________________________________65.Whatdoyouthinkofservicerobots?________________________________【答案】61.Ithasreached22percent.62.Yes,thereis.63.Dosomecleaningandcooking.64.Theyarewidelyusedinhouses,education,games,elderlycareandsoon.65.It’smoreconvenientandintelligent.【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了越來越多的服務(wù)機(jī)器人已經(jīng)成為人們?nèi)粘Ｉ畹囊徊糠?。?1題詳解】根據(jù)“theaverageannual(年均的)growthoftheChineseroboticsindustry(機(jī)器人行業(yè))overthepastfiveyearshasreached22percent.”可知中國機(jī)器人行業(yè)在過去五年中的年均增長率達(dá)到了22%。故填I(lǐng)thasreached22percent.【62題詳解】根據(jù)“In2021,acompanyalsomadearobotthatwasableto‘see’and‘sense’itsenvironmentwithfaceandbodyrecognition(識(shí)別)technology”可知2021年，一家公司還制造了一款能夠通過人臉和身體識(shí)別技術(shù)“看到”和“感知”環(huán)境的機(jī)器人，此處作肯定回答。故填Yes,thereis.【63題詳解】根據(jù)“Robotsarenowhelpingpeopleinmanyways.Theyarewidelyusedinhouses,actingaspeople’spersonalhelpers,suchasrobotcleanersandcookingrobots.”可知機(jī)器人充當(dāng)人們的私人助手，如清潔和烹飪。故填Dosomecleaningandcooking.【64題詳解】根據(jù)“Robotsarenowhelpingpeople