Unit 8 A green world Grammar單元語法精講課件-2023-2024學(xué)年八年級英語下冊單元速記•巧練（牛津譯林版）

AgreenworldUnitEightrammarLearningaimsTolearntoformthepassivevoiceinthesimplefuturetenseTolearntousethepassivevoiceinthesimplefuturetenseHowisPeterlike?Ishegoodatsports?Hisfutureplanistobecomeadoctor,right?RevisionTask1They

make

shoesinthatfactory.主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語Shoes

aremade(bythem)inthatfactory.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：S(主語）+am/is/are+過去分詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)易水寒江雪敬奉1.Themainroad

(clean).2.Manyposters

(paint).3.Abigappletree

(plant).4.Alotoffamoussingers

(invite).

5.Somegoodadvice

(give).6.Allthethings

(check).

areinvitedarepaintedisplantediscleanedisgivenarechecked填一填

They

bought

tencomputerslastterm．Tencomputers

werebought(bythem)lastterm.一般過去時(shí)：S+was/were+過去分詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)易水寒江雪敬奉A(yù)hotel

(build).Colorfullights

(use).Alloftheflowers

(water).Thenewsletterarticle

(write).Thesnacksforguests

(buy).Thedancingshow

(hold).Thepublicsigns

(make).Theanimals

(feed).wasbuiltwereusedwerewateredwaswrittenwereboughtwasheldweremadewerefed填一填HowisPeterlike?Ishegoodatsports?Hisfutureplanistobecomeadoctor,right?SummaryTask2Summary主動(dòng)語態(tài)：S（主語）+V（謂語）+O（賓語）被動(dòng)語態(tài)：S（主語）+V(被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu))+byO（賓語）轉(zhuǎn)換步驟1原句的賓語變主語，賓變主.2和原句的時(shí)態(tài)保持一致，看時(shí)態(tài)。3找出對應(yīng)的謂語動(dòng)詞，變分詞。變被動(dòng)語態(tài)的口訣賓變主，主變賓，by短語后面跟。

謂語動(dòng)詞變被動(dòng)，be后“過分”來使用。

“be”要隨著主語變，人稱時(shí)態(tài)要弄準(zhǔn)。

They

willfinish

theworkintendays.Thework

willbefinished(bythem)intendays.一般將來時(shí)：S+will+be+過去分詞Alotofactivities(organize)inEnvironmentWeek.Posters

(design)bySandy.Leaflets

(send)toallthepeopleinthetown.Someoftheactivities

(hold)inthetownsquare.will/aregoingtobeorganizedwill/aregoingtobedesignedwill/aregoingtobesentwill/aregoingtobeheld時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過去時(shí)一般將來時(shí)do/doesis/am/are+donedidwill/begoingtodowas/were+donewillbedonebegoingtobedone對比三種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)：將下列句子變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)，每空一詞。1.Weatesomebananaslastnight.Somebananas________________byuslastnight.2.Whenwillyouhandinyourhomework?When________yourhomework________________________?3.Helooksafterhisfatherverywell.Hisfather______________________verywellbyhim.4.Isawhimcrosstheroadjustnow.He________________________________theroadbymejustnow.wereeatenwillbehandedinislookedafterwasseentocrossHowisPeterlike?Ishegoodatsports?Hisfutureplanistobecomeadoctor,right?PracticeTask3ThestudentsaretalkingaboutEnvironmentWeek.Helpthemmakesentencesusingpassivevoiceactivities/inEnvironmentWeek/alotof/organize/aregoingtoAlotofactivitiesaregoingtobeorganizedinEnvironmentWeek.Adesign/posters/will/bySandyPosterswillbedesignedbySandy.toallthepeople/send/leaflets/inthetown/willLeafletswillbesenttoallthepeopleinthetown.aregoingto/hold/someoftheactivities/inthetownsquareSomeoftheactivitiesaregoingtobeheldinthetownsquare.Lisa:Hi,Harry.There’sgoingtobeanenvironmentshowhere.Harry:Really?Whenistheshowgoingtobeheld?Lisa:(1)_______________________________________(thisFridayevening)Harry:Willtheshowbeheldatyourschool?Lisa:No,(2)_________________________.(atthetownhall)Harry:Whowillbeinvitedtotheshow?BTheshowisgoingtobeheldthisFridayevening.TheshowisgoingtobeheldthisFridayevening.Lisa:______________________________________________________(somefamouspeopleinourtown)Harry:Whatwillbedisplayedattheshow?Lisa:(4)_______________________________________________________________________(videosaboutthepastandpresentofSunshineTown)Somefamouspeopleinourtownwillbeinvitedtotheshow.VideosaboutthepastandpresentofSunshineTownwillbedisplayattheshow.Harry:Whatwillbediscussedattheshow?Lisa:(5)_________________________________________________________________(waysabouthowtoprotecttheenvironment)Waysabouthowtoprotecttheenvironmentwillbediscussedattheshow.PollutionPollutionisoneofthebiggestproblemintheworldtoday.Inmanyplaces,rubbish(1)___________(throw)intolakesandrivers,somanyofthem(2)____________(pollute).Insomecities,theair(3)________(fill)withpollution.Thismakespeopleill,andmorepeople(4)_____________(hurt)inthefutureifitisnotcleanedup.isthrownarepollutedCisfilledwillbehurtAswellaspeople,animals(5)___________(harm)bypollution.Landandwaterpollutionkillsmanyanimalseveryyear.Ifwedonotacttoimprovetheenvironment,

morelivingthings(6)_________(kill)bypollution.However,thereissomegoodnews.Ashow(7)______(hold)atthetownhallthisFridayevening.Allofuswillhaveachancetothinkabouttheworldaroundus.Onthatday,we(8)_____(show)howtoprotecttheenvironment.Ifweworktogether,wecanmaketheworldabetterplace.areharmedwillbekilledwillbeheldwillbeshownHowisPeterlike?Ishegoodatsports?Hisfutureplanistobecomeadoctor,right?

拓

展Task4Amy

cantakegoodcareof

Gina

．Gina

canbetakengoodcareof

byAmy.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：S+can/may/must/should+be+過去分詞1.Hecantakecareofthebaby.2.Lucymaydrawthepictures.3.Youmustturnoffthelights.4.TheyshouldlearnEnglishwell.5.Jimcoulddoityesterday.Thebabycanbetakencareofbyhim.ThepicturemaybedrawnbyLucy.Thelightsmustbeturnedoffbyyou.Englishshouldbelearnedwellbythem.ItcouldbedonebyJimyesterday.改一改Someworkers

arepainting

theroomsnow．Therooms

arebeingpainted

bysomeworkersnow.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：

S+am/is/are+being+過去分詞I

wasdoing

myhomeworkat8:00lastnight．Myhomework

wasbeingdone(byme)at8:00lastnight.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：

S+was/were+being+過去分詞We

havemade

twentymorekeys．Twentymorekeys

havebeenmade

byus.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：

S+have/has+been+過去分詞時(shí)態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過去時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)一般將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)am/is/are

killedwas/were

killedam/is/arebeing

killedwas/werebeing

killedwillbe

killedwouldbe

killedhave/hasbeenkilledhadbeen

killed1一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)Hefeedspigseveryday.Pigsarefedbyhimeveryday.2一般過去時(shí)Hefedtwopigsyesterday.Twopigswerefedbyhimyesterday.3現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)Heisfeedingapignow.Apigisbeingfedbyhimnow.4過去進(jìn)行時(shí)Hewasfeedingapigat3yesterdayafternoon.Apigwasbeingfedbyhimat3yesterdayafternoon.5一般將來時(shí)Hewillfeed9pigsnextweek.9pigswillbefedbyhimnextweek.6過去將來時(shí)Hetoldmethathewouldfeed8pigsthenextweek.Iwastoldthat8pigswouldbefedthenextweek.7現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)Hehasfed200pigsuptillnow.200pigshavebeenfedbyhimuptillnow.8過去完成時(shí)Hehadfed2pigsbeforelunch.Twopigshadbeenfedbyhimbeforelunch.HowisPeterlike?Ishegoodatsports?Hisfutureplanistobecomeadoctor,right?

探

究Task5WecalltheboyTom.Theboy

iscalled

Tom.Activevoice主動(dòng)語態(tài)Passivevoice被動(dòng)語態(tài)

當(dāng)動(dòng)詞帶有復(fù)合賓語(有賓補(bǔ)),并且賓補(bǔ)是省去“to”的動(dòng)詞不定式時(shí)，在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中應(yīng)加上“to”Theymakeusdoallthework.被動(dòng)句：Wearemadetodoalltheworkbythem.Weoftenhearhersingsongs.被動(dòng)句：Sheisoftenheardtosingsongsbyus.Isawhimwalktoschool.被動(dòng)句：Hewasseen

towalktoschoolbyme.復(fù)合賓語的被動(dòng)語態(tài)

當(dāng)動(dòng)詞帶雙賓語時(shí)(一個(gè)賓語是指人，一個(gè)是指物)，其中指人的賓語提前作被動(dòng)句的主語時(shí)，另一個(gè)賓語按順序照抄下來；如是將指物的賓語提前作被動(dòng)句的主語，在被動(dòng)句中則指人賓語前應(yīng)加“to”或“for”。常見加to的動(dòng)詞有g(shù)ive，send,teach，write,show,pass,ask,tell…常見加for的動(dòng)詞有make,draw,buy…1.Hegivesmeaflowereveryday.

Iamgivenaflowerbyhimeveryday.Aflowerisgiventomebyhimeveryday.2.Mymotherboughtmeacomputer.Iwasboughtacomputerbymymother.

Acomputerwasboughtformebymymother.雙賓語的被動(dòng)語態(tài)主動(dòng)+謂語+雙賓語的句式轉(zhuǎn)換主動(dòng)語態(tài)主語He謂語(主動(dòng)式)passed間賓me直賓abook.被動(dòng)語態(tài)原直賓Abook謂語(被動(dòng)式)waspassedtomeby原主語(改為賓格)him.原間賓(改為主格)I謂語(被動(dòng)式)waspassed原直賓abookby原主語(改為賓格)him.不及物動(dòng)詞帶介詞和介詞賓語時(shí)，在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，仍然要帶上介詞。e.g.Thestudentslistentotheteachercarefullyinclass.被動(dòng)句：Theteacherislistenedtocarefullybythestudentsinclass.e.g.Theylookafterthenewstudentsintheschool.被動(dòng)句：Thenewstudentsarelookedafterbythemintheschool.主動(dòng)+不及物動(dòng)詞+介詞的變被動(dòng)句式轉(zhuǎn)換1.動(dòng)詞(表示主語的屬性特征)

+副詞(well/badly/easily/smoothly),用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義。read,write,sell,wash,clean,wear,lock,open,cook,shut,dry,eat,drink,…Thebooks____well．

A.weresoldB.sellC.havesoldD.arebeingsoldThiskindofcloth____easily．

A.haswashedB.waswashedC.washesD.iswashedBC主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義2.連系動(dòng)詞其主動(dòng)語態(tài)形式含有被動(dòng)意義。如:系動(dòng)詞smell,taste,sound,feel等。

Thedishsmellsgood.

這道菜聞起來很香。

Themusicsounds

nice.

這段音樂聽起來不錯(cuò)。3.表示“開始、結(jié)束、運(yùn)動(dòng)”的動(dòng)詞用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義。(begin,open,start,stop,end,finish,shut,move,run,...)Theshopopensat6am.everyday．

HowisPeterlike?Ishegoodatsports?Hisfutureplanistobecomeadoctor,right?PracticeTask61.Theybuiltthetallbuildinglastyear.2.Hetookgoodcareofhislittlebrotheryesterday.3.Wecleanedourclassroomjustnow.4.Theyusedthisroomforresting.5.Theyplantedmanytreesyearsago.Thetallbuildingwasbuiltbythemlastyear.Hislittlebrotherwastakengoodcareofbyhimyesterday.Ourclassroomwascleanedbyusjustnow.Thisroomwasusedforrestingbythem.Manytreeswereplantedbythemyearsago.6.TheyplayfootballonSunday.7.Lucydoesthehomeworkintheevening.8.Theyoftenusecomputersinclass.9.WemakethesemachinesinBeilun.10.PeoplespeakEnglishasthefirstlanguageinUK.FootballisplayedbythemonSunday.ThehomeworkisdonebyLucyintheevening.Computersareoftenusedbytheminclass.ThesemachinesaremadeinBeilun.EnglishisspokenasthefirstlanguageinUK.HowisPeterlike?Ishegoodatsports?Hisfutureplanistobecomeadoctor,right?中考鏈接Task61.Mike______________(notinvite)tothepartybyMillietomorrow.2.Thegovernmenthasmadethelawtopreventthewater_____________(pollute).3.Drivingafterdrinkingwine___________(notallow)inChina.4.The2024OlympicGames_________(hold)inParisonJuly26,2024.5.Thevillageisbuildingaschool.Ihopeit____________(finish)beforeAugustthisyear.6.---Howoldthesephotosare!---They___________(take)intheUSAmanyyearsago.willnotbeinvitedbeingpollutedisnotallowedwillbeheldwillbefinishedweretaken7.Ifnopaperisusedinbusiness,atleastonemilliontonsof

paper____________(save).8.Thewaste_____________(separate)intodifferentgroupsbeforebeingthrownintothebin.9.Hurryupifyouneedtogotothetoilet.Theplane__________(take)offinaminute10.--.-Whenshallwegotowatchthebasketballmatchinthesportscentre?---Notuntilthework___________(finish)tomorrow.willbesavedisseparatedwillbetakenisfinished1.---Iwanttoborrowthebook,butIdon'tknowhowlong

itmay