2021-2022學(xué)年上海市徐匯區(qū)高一上學(xué)期10月考試英語試卷解析版

2021-2022學(xué)年上海市徐匯區(qū)高一上學(xué)期10月考試英語試卷I.ListeningComprehension(22’)SectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Linda.B.Irene.C.NancyD.Chris2.A.Tovisitamuseum.B.Toattendawedding.C.Togetmarried.D.TogotoIndia.3.A.Policemananddriver.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Bossandclerk.D.Doctorandnurse.4.A.Inateahouse.B.Inaschool.C.Inasupermarket.D.Inagarage.5.A.Themanenjoysdramasverymuch.B.Soapoperasaren’tthewoman’sfavorite.C.Thewomanhaswatchedalotofsoapoperas.D.Themandoesn’twanttowatchadramawiththewoman.6.A.Sheisreportingglobalwarming.B.SheiswatchingaTVshow.C.SheiswritingareportabouttheEarth’sclimate.D.Sheiswritingajobreport.7.A.Shesawtheplaymorethanonce.B.Sheactedintheplay.C.ShevisitedtheEnglishDepartment.D.Sheledthedramaclub.8.A.Thedamagetotheenvironment.B.Thelocationofthehotel.C.Thedemandofthejobmarket.D.Thesolutiontotheissue.9.A.Shewillgotothegaragetogethercarbackfirst.B.Shedoesn’tknowwherethecityhallis.C.Shecan’tdrivethemthere.D.Hercarisingoodcondition.10.A.Skippingthemealtoloseweight.B.Havingthepizzawiththewoman.C.Orderingfoodtobeeatenathome.D.Diningoutinsteadofeatingathome.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassages,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassages.Thepassageswillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Hewastalkingwiththefamilyofhisboss.B.Hewasreadingthenewspaperforwork.C.Hewasputtinganoticeout.D.Hewasplantingtrees.12.A.Womenwerenotgoodattakingcareofplants.B.Hecouldgotoworkinhercompany.C.Therewouldbemanycustomersfromthenewofficepark.D.Hewasgoingoutofwork.13A.Hewillbeproudoftheplantsofhiscompany.B.Hecanbetheownerofthecompanyheusedtoworkfor.C.Hecanhire10moreemployees.D.Hiscompanywillbethebiggestinthefieldinthecity.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.Therelationshipbetweenchildren’sstudyandTV.B.TheamountoftimechildrenspendwatchingTV.C.Thequalityofchildren’sentertainmentexperiences.D.ThepositiveeffectofwatchingTV.15.A.WatchingTV.B.Sportsactivities.C.Videogames.D.Shopping.16.A.Itspendstoomuchofviewers’time.B.ThereistoomuchviolenceonTV.C.Itmakesviewersinactiveinbodyandmind.D.Itsellsunwantedthingstoviewers.II.GrammarandVocabularySectionA(15’)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Goingtothetheaterinsteadofthegymmightsoundlikeyou’relazy.However,anewstudysaidthatanightinthetheatercanhavethesameeffectonyourheart____1____halfanhourofexercise.ResearchbyUniversityCollegeLondon(UCL)andtheUniversityofLancasterfoundthat____2____(enjoy)alivetheaterperformanceisgoodforyourcardiovascular(心血管的)system.Thebenefits____3____beasmuchasthoseof28minutesofhealthyaerobicexercise(有氧運動).Atthetheater,theresearchersmonitoredtheheartrateof12individuals____4____(watch)Dreamgirls.They____5____(find)thattheirheartbeatwasattherangeof50to70percentoftheirmaximumheartrateduringtheperformance.AccordingtotheBritishHeartFoundation,thisis____6____idealheartratetopromotecardiofitness.Dr.JosephDevlinatUCLsaidthisclearlyprovedthat“attendingaliveperformancepromotescardiovascularactivity.”Thisstudyiscoupledwithresearch____7____(do)forEncoreTickets.ItisaticketcompanyforLondontheatersandattractions.Thirty-threepercentoftheater-goerssurveyedsaidthefeelingtheliveexperiencegavethemwas____8____(enjoyable)partofgoingtothetheater.AccordingtoDevlin,thisisduetothefact____9____beingpartofaliveaudienceincreasestheemotionalintensity(強度)oftheexperience.Thehighsandlowsofthetheaterperformanceallowformoodswings(情緒波動),thusstimulatingtheheartandcausingheartrateactivity.Butit’snotyettime____10____(say)thatyoushouldn’talsobegoingtothegym.Thesetheatricalhighsonlyactasasupplement(補充)toexercise.Theycan’treplaceyourentirefitnessplan.【答案】1.as2.enjoying3.can4.watching5.found6.the7.done8.themostenjoyable9.that10.tosay【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文，介紹了一項研究：去劇院看現(xiàn)場演出，對人們的心血管系統(tǒng)有好處。帶給心臟的好處和半小時有氧運動的效果一樣。【詳解】1.考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：然而，一項新的研究表明，晚上去劇院看演出對心臟的影響和半小時的運動（的效果）一樣。固定結(jié)構(gòu)：thesame...as...“和……一樣”，結(jié)合句中anightinthetheatercanhavethesameeffectonyourheart可知，此處要用as。故填as。2.考查非謂語動詞。句意：倫敦大學(xué)學(xué)院和蘭卡斯特大學(xué)的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，欣賞一場現(xiàn)場表演對你的心血管系統(tǒng)有好處。分析可知，_____(enjoy)alivetheaterperformance在句中為主語，表示一般性的動作，所以要用動名詞作主語，故填enjoying。3.考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：（看現(xiàn)場演出）的好處和28分鐘的健康有氧訓(xùn)練帶來的好處同樣多。結(jié)合句中asmuchas可知，此處是拿看現(xiàn)場的演出的有氧運動的好處作對比，所以此處表示推斷，can“可能會”表示推斷，故填can。4.考查非謂語動詞。句意：在劇院里，研究人員監(jiān)測了12個看”追夢女郎”人的心率。分析可知，_____(watch)Dreamgirls為后置定語。修飾名詞12individuals，與名詞為主謂關(guān)系，所以此處要用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填watching。5.考查時態(tài)。句意：他們發(fā)現(xiàn)在表演過程中，他們的心跳在最大心率的50%到70%之間?？瞻滋幵诰渲袨橹^語，結(jié)合句中thattheirheartbeatwas可知，此處為一般過去時，故填found。6.考查冠詞。句意：根據(jù)英國心臟基金會的說法，這是促進心臟健康的理想心率。分析可知，句中理想的心率指的就是前一句中attherangeof50to70percentoftheirmaximumheartrate，所以此處為特指，故填the。7.考查非謂語動詞。句意：這項研究與EncoreTickets的研究結(jié)合在一起。短語：becoupledwith“與……結(jié)合在一起”，research與do為動賓關(guān)系，因句中已有謂語，所以此處要用非謂語的過去分詞表被動，作后置定語，故填done。8.考查形容詞最高級。句意：33%的被調(diào)查者表示，現(xiàn)場體驗帶給他們的感覺是去劇院最愉快的部分。根據(jù)下文beingpartofaliveaudienceincreasestheemotionalintensity(強度)oftheexperience可知，此處指33%的被調(diào)查者談?wù)摽船F(xiàn)場演出帶給他們的感覺，他們認為是最享受的，所以要用最高級。enjoyable“享受的”為多音節(jié)詞，其最高級為themostenjoyable，故填themostenjoyable。9.考查同位語從句。句意：根據(jù)Devlin的說法，這是因為作為現(xiàn)場觀眾的一部分，增加了體驗的情感強度。分析可知，空白處及之后的內(nèi)容為對名詞fact的解釋作用，另因beingpartofaliveaudienceincreasestheemotionalintensity(強度)oftheexperience句意完整，成分齊全，所以此處要用只起連接作用的hat來引導(dǎo)同位語從句。故填that。10.考查固定句式。句意：但現(xiàn)在還不能說你不應(yīng)該去健身房。固定句式：Itistimetodosth.意為“是該干某事的時候”，結(jié)合句中it’snotyettime，所以此處要用不定式。故填tosay。SectionB(10’)Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.rewardingB.inspiredC.regionalD.valuesE.sharedF.customG.achievingH.coexistI.culturallyJ.deeplyK.traditionalIntheworkplace,theremanydifferentculturesthat____11____—includingthecompanyculture,thelocalcultureofthebusinessandthenationalorregionalculturesofemployees.Thecultureoftheworkplacestartswiththecompany’smissionandcore____12____andhelpstheleadershipteammanagetheemployees.Itaffectsallmajoroperations,includingrecruitingemployees,providingemployeeswithcompensation(賠償金)andbenefitsand____13____employeesforgoodbehavior.Italsoinformsthewayanorganizationtrainsanddevelopsitsstaff,howitpromotesemployeesandanyworkplacetraditionsitfollows.Theworkenvironmentis____14____affectedbythecultureoftheorganization.Forexample,ifoneofthemainelementsoftheworkplacecultureisteamwork,employeeswillknowhowimportantitistohelponeanother.Theywillbelesscompetitivewitheachother,andwillinsteadfocusonsucceedingtogether.Suchaculturalfeaturecanenableteamstobehighlyproductiveandmotivated.Localcultureaffectsthewaypeoplebehaveintheworkplace.Forexample,ifitisa____15____inlocalculturetospendalotoftimeenjoyingthenaturallandscape,thenmanyemployeeswillplaceimportanceonthatactivityaswell.Employeescanuseelementsoflocalculturetoconnectwithandmotivatetheiremployees.Usingthisexampleofculturalbehavior,theworkplacecanofferoutdooractivitiesasprizesfor____16____businesstargets.Inaddition,havingcompanyfunctionsoutsideatthebeachoratalocalparkcanfurthermaketheemployeesengagedand____17____.Intoday’sglobaleconomy,it’scommonforworkplacestobemadeupofpeoplefromdifferentnationaland____18____cultures.Beingculturallysensitiveandawarehelpsemployeestocommunicateeffectivelywiththeirteammatesandworktoward____19____goals.It’simportantforemployerstotakeculturaldiversityintoaccountwhenestablishingtheirworkplacepolicies.Teachemployeeshowtobe_____20_____sensitivetotheircolleaguesandcustomerswhohavedifferentculturalbackgrounds.【答案】11.H12.D13.A14.J15.F16.G17.B18.C19.E20.I【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了企業(yè)文化的重要性，包括對員工和企業(yè)本身的影響?！?1題詳解】考查動詞和時態(tài)。句意：在工作場所，有許多不同的文化共存——包括公司文化、當?shù)仄髽I(yè)文化和員工的國家或地區(qū)文化。根據(jù)句意可知，句子陳述的是客觀事實，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時，根據(jù)句中“manydifferentcultures”可知，應(yīng)該是許多不同的文化“共存”，“coexist”意為“共存”，動詞詞性，符合句意。故選H項?！?2題詳解】考查名詞。句意：工作場所的文化始于公司的使命和核心價值觀，并幫助領(lǐng)導(dǎo)團隊管理員工。分析句子可知，“and”前的“mission”為名詞且“core”為形容詞，故空格處應(yīng)用名詞，根據(jù)句意可知，工作場所的文化應(yīng)該始于公司的使命和核心“價值觀”，“value”作“價值觀”講時，常用其復(fù)數(shù)形式“values”，名詞詞性。故選D項。【13題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：它影響所有主要業(yè)務(wù)，包括招聘員工、向員工提供賠償金和福利以及獎勵行為良好的員工。根據(jù)句中“forgoodbehavior”可知，應(yīng)該是“獎勵”行為良好的員工，“reward”意為“獎勵”，動詞詞性，句中“including”為介詞，后接動名詞作賓語，“reward”的動名詞形式為“rewarding”。故選A項。【14題詳解】考查副詞。句意：工作環(huán)境深受組織文化的影響。分析句子可知，“affected”為動詞，前面應(yīng)用副詞修飾，根據(jù)句意可知，工作環(huán)境應(yīng)該是“深受”組織文化的影響，“deeply”意為“深深地”，副詞詞性，在句中作狀語，符合句意。故選J項?！?5題詳解】考查名詞。句意：例如，如果花大量時間欣賞自然景觀是當?shù)匚幕囊环N習(xí)俗，那么許多員工也會重視這項活動。根據(jù)空格前不定冠詞“a”可知，空格處應(yīng)用名詞，根據(jù)句中“許多員工也會重視這項活動”可知，花大量時間欣賞自然景觀是當?shù)匚幕囊环N“習(xí)俗”，“custom”意為“習(xí)俗”，為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)空格前不定冠詞“a”可知，空格處應(yīng)用其單數(shù)形式。故選F項?！?6題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：利用這個文化行為的例子，工作場所可以提供戶外活動作為實現(xiàn)商業(yè)目標的獎品。根據(jù)句意可知，應(yīng)該是“實現(xiàn)”目標，才會有獎品，“achieve”意為“實現(xiàn)”，動詞詞性，“for”為介詞，后接動名詞作賓語，“achieve”的動名詞形式為“achieving”。故選G項?！?7題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：此外，在海灘或當?shù)毓珗@舉行公司活動可以進一步使員工投入工作并激發(fā)員工的靈感。根據(jù)句意可知，在戶外舉行活動應(yīng)該是為了激發(fā)員工的靈感，“inspire”意為“激勵，賦予靈感”，動詞詞性，句中涉及“make+賓語+賓補”結(jié)構(gòu)，“employees”與“inspire”之間為邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用“inspire”的過去分詞“inspired”作賓語補足語。故選B項?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：在當今的全球經(jīng)濟中，工作場所通常由來自不同國家和地區(qū)文化的人組成。分析句子可知，“cultures”為名詞，前面應(yīng)用形容詞修飾，根據(jù)句意可知，應(yīng)該是來自不同國家和“地區(qū)”文化的人，故空格處應(yīng)用“regional”，意為“地區(qū)的”，形容詞詞性，在句中作定語。故選C項?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：具有文化敏感性和意識有助于員工與隊友有效溝通，并朝著共同目標努力。分析句子可知，“goals”為名詞，前面應(yīng)用形容詞修飾，根據(jù)句意可知，員工應(yīng)該是朝著“共同”目標努力，故空格處應(yīng)用“shared”，意為“共享的，公用的”，形容詞詞性，在句中作定語。故選E項?！?0題詳解】考查副詞。句意：教員工如何對具有不同文化背景的同事和客戶保持文化敏感性。分析句子可知，“sensitive”為形容詞，前面應(yīng)用副詞修飾，根據(jù)句意可知，應(yīng)該是保持“文化”敏感性，“culturally”意為“文化地”，副詞詞性，在句中作狀語，符合句意。故選I項。III.ReadingComprehensionSectionA(15’)Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.ItwasacoldJanuaryin1925inNome,Onthe20thofthatmonth,Dr.Welch____21____asickboy,Billy,andknewhehaddiphtheria,adeadlyinfectious(傳染的)diseasemainlyaffectingchildren.ThechildrenofNomewouldbe____22____ifitstruckthetown.Dr.Welchneededmedicineassoonaspossibletostopotherkidsfromgettingsick.____23____,theclosetsupplywasover1,000milesaway,inAnchorage.HowcouldthemedicinegettoNome?Thetown’s____24____wasalreadyfullofice,soitcouldn’tcomebyship.Carsandhorsescouldn’ttravelonthe____25____roads.Jetairplanesandbigtrucksdidn’texistyet.____26____January26,Billyandthreeotherchildrenhaddied.Twentymoreweresick.Nome’stownofficialscameupwithaplan.Theywouldhavethemedicinesentby____27____fromAnchoragetoNenana.Fromthere,dogsled(狗拉雪橇)drivers—knownas“mushers”—would____28____ittoNomeinarelay(接力).TheracebeganonJanuary27.Thefirstmusher,Shannon,pickedupthemedicinefromthetrainatNenanaandrodeallnight.____29____hehandedthemedicinetothenextmusher,Shannon’sfacewasblackfromtheextremecold.OnJanuary31,amushernamedSeppalahadto____30____afrozenbodyofwatercalledNortonSound.Itwasthemostdangerouspartofthejourney.NortonSoundwascoveredwithice,whichcouldsometimesbreakupwithoutwarning.Ifthathappened,Seppalamightfallintotheicywaterbelow.Hewould____31____,andsowouldthesickchildrenofNome.ButSeppalamadeitacross.AhugesnowstormhitonFebruary1.AmushernamedKaasenhadtobravethisstorm.Atonepoint,hugepilesofsnowblockedhis____32____.Hehadtoleavethetrail(痕跡)togetaroundthem.Conditionsweresobadthatitwasimpossibleforhimto____33____thetrailagain.TheonlyhopewasBalto,Kaasen’sleaddog.Baltoputhisnosetotheground,____34____tofindthesmellofotherdogsthathadtravelledonthetrail.IfBaltofailed,itwouldmeandisasterforNome.Theminutespassedby.Suddenly,Baltobegantorun.Hehadfoundthetrail.At5:30a.m.onFebruary2,KaasenandhisdogarrivedinNome.Withinminutes,Dr.Welchhadthemedicine.Hequicklygaveittothesickchildren.Allofthemrecovered.Nomehadbeen____35____.21.A.examined B.warned C.interviewed D.cured22.A.harmless B.helpless C.fearless D.careless23.A.Moreover B.Therefore C.Otherwise D.However24.A.airport B.station C.harbor D.border25.A.narrow B.busy C.snowy D.dirty26.A.From B.By C.On D.After27.A.air B.rail C.sea D.road28A.carry B.return C.mail D.give29.A.Though B.Since C.When D.If30.A.enter B.cross C.visit D.move31.A.escape B.swim C.ache D.die32.A.memory B.exit C.way D.destination33.A.find B.fix C.pass D.change34.A.pretending B.asking C.trying D.learning35.A.controlled B.saved C.founded D.developed【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.C25.C26.B27.B28.A29.C30.B31.D32.C33.A34.C35.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一個人們接力運送藥物來救患病兒童的感人故事。1925年1月份的阿拉斯加北部極其寒冷，由于大雪，諾姆小鎮(zhèn)與外界隔絕了。雪上加霜的是，那里的孩子患上了一種致命的傳染病。為了拯救孩子們，人們接力運送藥品到諾姆。最終，人們通過狗拉的雪橇把藥物送到了諾姆?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：那個月20日，韋爾奇醫(yī)生檢查了一個生病的男孩比利，知道他得了白喉，一種主要影響兒童的致命傳染病。A.examined檢查；B.warned警告；C.interviewed面試，采訪；D.cured治愈。根據(jù)謂語動詞的主語是Dr.Welch，賓語是asickboy，以及后面的動詞knew可知，醫(yī)生是在檢查病童，并發(fā)現(xiàn)Billy患了一種傳染病。故選A。【22題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：如果這種病在鎮(zhèn)上蔓延，諾姆的孩子們將會很無助。A.harmless無害的；B.helpless無助的；C.fearless無畏的；D.careless粗心的。根據(jù)“ifitstruckthetown”可知，如果疾病在小鎮(zhèn)蔓延，這里的孩子們會很無助。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，最近的醫(yī)療補給是在1000英里以外的安克雷奇。A.Moreover而且，此外；B.Therefore因此；C.Otherwise否則；D.However然而。根據(jù)上文諾姆鎮(zhèn)急需藥品以及下文提到最近的可以取到藥品的地方也在一千公里之外可知，前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選D?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：鎮(zhèn)上的港口已經(jīng)結(jié)冰了，所以水路是行不通了。A.airport機場；B.station車站；C.harbor港口；D.border邊境。根據(jù)“soitcouldn’tcomebyship”可知，這里指港口結(jié)冰，故選C?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：汽車和馬車不能在雪地上行駛。A.narrow狹窄的；B.busy繁忙的；C.snowy被雪覆蓋的；D.dirty臟的。根據(jù)第一段“Thetownwascutofffromtherestoftheworldduetoheavysnow.”可知，大雪覆蓋了道路，汽車和馬車都不能通行，故選C。【26題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：到1月26日，比利和另外三個孩子已經(jīng)去世。A.From從，自；B.By通過，到……時；C.On在……上面；D.After在……之后。By+時間，與完成時連用。后跟過去的時間，用過去完成時；跟將來的時間，用將來完成時。故選B。【27題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們會用鐵路把藥從安克雷奇運到內(nèi)納那。A.air空氣；B.rail鐵路，鐵軌；C.sea海洋；D.road道路。根據(jù)下一段“fromthetrainatNenana”可知，藥物被用火車運到內(nèi)納那。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：那里，被稱為“趕狗拉雪橇的人”的多格斯勒司機將接力把它送到諾姆。A.carry運送，攜帶；B.return返回，歸還；C.mail郵寄；D.give給。根據(jù)常識可以判斷出，藥品要由趕狗拉雪橇的人運送到諾姆。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查連接詞詞義辨析。句意：當Shannon把藥遞給下一個趕狗拉雪橇的人的時候，他臉已經(jīng)被凍得烏青。A.Though雖然；B.Since因為，自從；C.When當……時；D.If如果。當他把藥物交給下一個人時，他的臉已經(jīng)被凍得烏青，所以本句為when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。故選C。【30題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：1月31日，一個叫塞帕拉的趕狗拉雪橇的人不得不穿過一個叫諾頓桑德的冰凍區(qū)域。A.enter進入；B.cross穿過；C.visit拜訪；D.move移動。根據(jù)“NortonSoundwascoveredwithice”可知，NortonSound是一片冰凍的水域，Seppala必須穿過這片水域，故選B?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他會死，諾姆鎮(zhèn)生病孩子也會死。A.escape逃脫；B.swim游泳；C.ache疼痛；D.die死。根據(jù)上文“Ifthathappened,Seppalamightfallintotheicywaterbelow”可知，一旦諾頓灣的冰面破裂坍塌，Seppala可能會掉到冰水里死掉。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有一次，一大堆雪擋住了他的去路。A.memory回憶；B.exit出口；C.way路；D.destination目的地。根據(jù)下文“Kaasen不得不離開雪橇的痕跡、繞過阻擋他的大雪堆”可知，巨大的雪堆擋住Kaasen前進的路。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當時環(huán)境太糟糕，使Kaasen不可能再次找回雪橇的痕跡。A.find找到；B.fix安裝；C.pass通過；D.change改變。根據(jù)上文Kaasen離開雪橇的痕跡可知，當時環(huán)境太糟糕，使Kaasen不可能再次找回雪橇的痕跡。故選A。【34題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Balto把鼻子貼在地上，努力找到其他狗的氣味，這些狗曾在這條路上走過。A.pretending假裝；B.asking問，要求；C.trying努力；D.learning學(xué)會。Seppala的雪橇狗努力嗅著其它狗的味道。故選C。【35題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：諾姆鎮(zhèn)得救了。A.controlled控制；B.saved拯救；C.founded建立；D.developed發(fā)展。根據(jù)“Allofthemrecovered.”可知，諾姆鎮(zhèn)得救了。故選B。SectionB(14’)Directions:Readthefollowingtwopassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.AHereisachecklistforwhetheryoucandothefollowingthingstoliveabetterlife.Tickifyoucan.Talkaboutyouremotionsanddifficulties.Wetendtohavedifficultyexpressingouremotions,yettheydrivesomuchofwhatwedo.Worse,wecompensatewithdrugsandalcoholtomaskourfeelingsofnotbeingsuccessful.Talkingabouthowwefeel,honestly,canfreeus.Don’tbeafraidofnotbeingsuccessful.Wethinkbeinglovedisequaltobeingsuccessful,butasVaniersaid,“Youarebeautifulasyouare.”Thetruemeasureofapersonisnotdefinedbythesizeofhis/herbankaccount.It’sdefinedbytheiremotionalbankaccount,howkindtheyareandhowtheytreatothers.Wemightenvy(忌妒)MarkZuckerberg’swealth,butadmirepeoplelikeMotherTeresamore.Inarelationship,takethetimetoask:“Howareyou?”You’remarriedtoyourspouse,notsuccess.Yes,workisimportanttoprovideforourfamilies.Butbeingthereforourfamiliesisevenmoreimportant.Takethetimetocheckin.Askhowyourspouseandkidsaredoing.They’llrememberyourthoughtfulnessandlovemuchmorethanyourcareersuccess.Stoplookingatyourphone.Bepresent!Thedigitalagehasbroughtusinstantcommunication,butarewereallytalkingtooneanother?Listentoyourdeepestdesireandfollowit.Unlikeanimals,humanbeingshavemoralandspiritualneeds.Beyondeating,procreatingandexisting,wesearchfortheunknown.Allofushaveaninnervoicethatguidesus.Ourheartsoftentelluswhenweareoffcourse.Learntotrustyourheart.Rememberthatyouwilldieoneday.JeanVaniernotedthat“We’reallhere,butwearejustlocalpeople.Passengersonajourney.Wegetonandoffthetrainandtheworldwillcontinue.”Rememberingthatyouwilldieonedaycanhelpguideouractionstoday.Itcanreshapethekindofpersonwewanttobe.36.Accordingtothepassage,howcanwefeelrelieved?A.Byfearingsuccess.B.Bycommunicatingyourfeelings.C.Byinquiringpeople.D.Byleavingyourphonebehind.37Whatdoesthe4thruletellus?A.Youaremarriedtoyourhusband/wife.B.Youmustworkforyourfamily.C.Youshouldpaymoreattentiontopeoplearoundyouthanyourwork.D.Youhavetoaskyourfamily’sdailyroutine.38.Thesearetherulesallabout______.A.keepingyoufitB.improvingyourlifeattitudeC.interactingwithpeopleD.havingarelationship【答案】36.B37.C38.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些關(guān)于改善你的生活態(tài)度的規(guī)則?！?6題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格中第一條規(guī)則“Talkingabouthowwefeel,honestly,canfreeus.(坦白地說，談?wù)撐覀兊母惺苣茏屛覀冚p松自由。)”可知，通過交流你的感覺能感到寬慰。故選B?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)表格中第四條規(guī)則“Stoplookingatyourphone.Bepresent!Thedigitalagehasbroughtusinstantcommunication,butarewereallytalkingtooneanother?(別再看了。是現(xiàn)在!數(shù)字時代給我們帶來了即時通信，但我們真的在彼此交談嗎?)”可推斷，第四規(guī)則告訴我們應(yīng)該更多地關(guān)注周圍的人而不是我們的工作。故選C。【38題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Hereisachecklistforwhetheryoucandothefollowingthingstoliveabetterlife.Tickifyoucan.(這里有一份清單，告訴你是否可以做以下事情來過上更好的生活?？梢缘脑挻蚬础?”及下文可知，這些規(guī)則都是關(guān)于改善你的生活態(tài)度的。故選B。BHowtoVolunteerAbroadandActuallyHelpPeopleFearof“voluntourism”shouldn’tstopyoufromdoingsomethinggreat.We’veallheardit.Those“voluntourists”goingtoAfricathinkthey’rehelping,butthey’reactuallygoingforaholiday,wastingmoney,andstrengtheningdangerousstereotypes(刻板印象).Iam,though,againsttheideathatweshouldn’tvolunteerabroadatall.Howwouldtheworldbeabetterplacewithoutpeopledevotingtheirtimeandresourcestohelpotherswhoneedit?Ichosemyorganizationwell.Asastudent,therearesomanyoptionsforvolunteeringabroad.ItravelledwithCambridgeDevelopmentInitiative,astudent-runprojectthatworksonsustainabledevelopmentprojectsinTanzania.TherewerefourbranchesandIwasonthebusinessteam.Weweretrainedonthedangersofvoluntourismandonbestvolunteerpractices.WelearnedaboutthecultureandevenlearnedsomebasicSwahili,thelocallanguage,beforetravelling.WhenwewereinTanzania,westayedinthesameaccommodationalongsideourTanzanianteammembers,atethesamefood,andspentourfreetimeinthesameplaces.WhenItoldmyfriendIwastravellingtoTanzaniatovolunteerforthesummer,hesaid,“Oh,you’regoingtohaveoneofthosesummerswhereyougoawayforacoupleofmonthsandittotallychangesyourprofile(頭像)picture.”Ididn’tchangemyprofilepicture,butIdidhelp23youngpeoplestarttheirowncompanies.Theybrainstormedideas,surveyedtargetcommunities,improvedtheirdesigns,cameupwithbusinessplans,andcollectedseedcapitalfortheirstartups.Theycameupwithcreativeideas,suchasa“mini-grid”(微型電網(wǎng))providingelectricitytoanoff-gridvillageandaplastic-wasterecyclingcompany.BeforeIwenttoTanzania,Iwas“thisclose”totakinganinternshipinacompanyinsteadbecauseIworriedIwouldbecontributingtothenegativepracticeofvoluntourism.Here’showImadesurethatdidn’thappen,andwhyIthinkthebenefitsofvolunteeringabroadfaroutweighthebenefitsoftakingsomequestionablemoralhighreasonsbackhome.39.Whatisvoluntourism?A.Astudyinadevelopingcountry.B.Atriptoadevelopingcountrytohelpout.C.Aculturalexchangeinadevelopingcountry.D.Atravelingtoadevelopingcountrytohelpout,butdoingmoreharm.40.Howdidthewriterensurenotcontributingtothenegativesideofvoluntourism?A.Bynottrustinganyorganization.B.Bylearningaboutthelocalcultureandlanguage.CByprovidingelectricitytoanoff-gridvillage.D.Bymakingtradewiththeteammembers.41.WhichonewasNOTdonebythewriter?A.Thewritercameupwithideastosolveoff-gridproblems.B.Thewriterhelpedestablishyoungpeople’sownstart-ups.C.Thewritergaveupacorporateinternship.D.ThewriterwenttoTanzaniaasavolunteer.42.Whatdidthewriter’sfriendimply?A.Thewriterwouldhaveamoralhighexperienceworthshowingoff.B.Thewriterwasabletochangetheprofilepictureafterthetrip.C.Thewritershouldhelpthelocalsasmuchaspossible.D.Thewritershouldvolunteerbecauseitwouldbelife-changing.【答案】39.D40.B41.A42.A【解析】【分析】本文是記敘文。作者通過自己的親身經(jīng)歷介紹如何在國外做志愿者并真正幫助別人?！?9題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Those“voluntourists”goingtoAfricathinkthey’rehelping,butthey’reactuallygoingforaholiday,wastingmoney,andstrengtheningdangerousstereotypes(刻板印象).(那些去非洲的“公益游客”認為他們在提供幫助，但他們實際上是去度假，浪費金錢，強化危險的形象)”可知，公益旅游是去發(fā)展中國家?guī)椭鉀Q困難，但卻造成了更大的危害的旅游。故選D?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“WelearnedaboutthecultureandevenlearnedsomebasicSwahili,thelocallanguage,beforetravelling.(在旅行之前，我們了解了文化，甚至學(xué)習(xí)了一些基本的斯瓦希里語)”可推斷，作者在旅游前通過學(xué)習(xí)當?shù)氐奈幕驼Z言來確保不給公益旅游帶來負面影響。故選B?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“Theybrainstormedideas,surveyedtargetcommunities,improvedtheirdesigns,cameupwithbusinessplans,andcollectedseedcapitalfortheirstartups.Theycameupwithcreativeideas,suchasa“mini-grid”(微型電網(wǎng))providingelectricitytoanoff-gridvillageandaplastic-wasterecyclingcompany.(他們進行了頭腦風(fēng)暴的想法，調(diào)查了目標社區(qū)，改進了他們的設(shè)計，提出了商業(yè)計劃，并為他們的初創(chuàng)公司收集了種子資金。他們想出了一些創(chuàng)意，諸如為一個離網(wǎng)村提供電力的“微型電網(wǎng)”和塑料廢物回收公司)”可知，解決離網(wǎng)問題的想法不是作者提出的，是當?shù)氐哪贻p人提出的。故選A?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Here’showImadesurethatdidn’thappen,andwhyIthinkthebenefitsofvolunteeringabroadfaroutweighthebenefitsoftakingsomequestionablemoralhighreasonsbackhome.(這就是我是如何確保那種事不會發(fā)生的，以及為什么我認為在國外做公益的益處遠遠超過采取一些可疑的道德崇高理由的好處的原因)”可推斷，作者有豐富的道德經(jīng)驗值得炫耀。故選A。SectionC(8’)Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.Imagineswimminginalakeonahotsummerday.Thewaterisquitewarm,butthewindisstrongandthemomentyouleavethewateryoufeelchillyandget“goosebumps(雞皮疙瘩)”.Soyouchangeclothesandmoveinsidetowarmup.Youmakeanicecupoftea,getunderablanketandturnontheradio.Suddenly,youhearasongfromalongtimeago,onethatyourgrandmotheroftensangtoyouwhenyouwereachild.____43____Whydosuchseeminglyunrelatedeventsleadtothesamebodilyreaction?Goosebumpsareaphysiologicalphenomenonwegotfromouranimalancestors.Theyaretinyelevationsoftheskinthatlookliketheskinofchildrenorgeeseafterthefeathershavebeenpulledoff.____44____Goosebumpsarecausedbyacontraction(收縮)ofmusclesthatareattachedtoeachhair.Eachcontractingmusclecreatesashallowdepression(凹陷)ontheskinsurface.Asaresult,thesurroundingareastandsout.____45____Inanimalswithathickcoatofhairthisrisingofthehairexpandsthelayerofair.Thethickerthelayerofhair,themoreheatisretained.Inpeoplethisreactionisuselessbecausewedonothaveacoatofhaironourbodies.Inadditiontocold,thehairwillalsostandupinmanyanimalswhentheyfeelthreatened.____46____Thiswillprobablymaketheattackerbackoff.Peoplealsotendtoexperiencegoosebumpsduringemotionalsituations,suchaswalkingdowntheaisleduringtheirwedding,listeningtotheirnation’santhem,orevenjustwatchinghorrormovies.Quiteoftenapersonmaygetgoosebumpsmanyyearsafterasignificantevent,justbythinkingabouttheemotionstheywereexperiencingatthattime.Thereasonforalltheseresponsesisthesubconsciousreleaseofadrenaline(腎上腺素).Itisoftenreleasedwhenwefeelcoldorafraid,butalsoifweareunderstressandfeelstrongemotions.Othersignsofadrenalinereleaseincludesweatypalms,anincreaseinbloodpressure,aracingheartorthefeelingof“butterflies”inthestomach.A.Thereforewecouldalsocallthem“turkeybumps”or“duckbumps.”B.Again,youfeelachillonyourbackandagain,yougetgoosebumps.C.Thecontractionalsocausesthehairtostandupwheneverthebodyfeelscold.D.Whenacatisattackedbyadog,forexample,theelevatedhairmakesthecatappearbigger.E.Adrenalinenotonlycausesthecontractionofskinmusclesbutalsoinfluencesmanyotherbodilyreactions.F.Itissomethingweinheritedfr