2017-2019年高考英語(yǔ)真題匯編-專題21-語(yǔ)法填空

2021-2021年高考英語(yǔ)真題匯編專題21語(yǔ)法填空1、(2021﹒新課標(biāo)Ⅰ)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Therehasbeenarecenttrendinthefoodserviceindustrytowardlowerfatcontentandlesssalt.Thistrend,whichwasstartedbythemedicalcommunity〔醫(yī)學(xué)界〕61amethodoffightingheartdisease,hashadsomeunintendedside62(effect)suchasoverweightandheartdisease—theverythingthemedicalcommunitywastryingtofight.Fatandsaltareveryimportantpartsofadiet.Theyarerequired63(process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.Whenfatandsalt64(remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasifismissingsomething.As65result,peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.Even66(bad),theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.Fastfood67(be)fulloffatandsalt;by68(eat)morefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.Havingenoughfatandsaltinyourmealswillreducetheurgetosnack(吃點(diǎn)心)betweenmealsandwillimprovethetasteofyourfood.However,be69(care)nottogotoextremes.Likeanything,itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth,70isnotgoodforthehealth.【解析】62.effects考查單復(fù)數(shù)。分析語(yǔ)境可知作者表達(dá)的意思是“一些不為人知的副作用〞，根據(jù)前文的some可知“副作用sideeffect〞有很多，故填effects。63.toprocess考查不定式。句意：他們被要求加工食物require表示“要求〞，requiresb.todosth.表示“要求某人做某事〞，被動(dòng)形式為“sb.berequiredtodosth.〞，表示“某人被要求做某事〞。故填toprocess。64.areremoved考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)脂肪和鹽分從食物中被去掉分析可知fat，salt和move之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，脂肪和鹽分是被人們?nèi)サ簦杂帽粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填areremoved。65.a考查冠詞。固定短語(yǔ)asaresult表示“結(jié)果〞，句意：結(jié)果，人們將吃更多的食物去彌補(bǔ)損失的東西。故填a。66.worse考查比擬級(jí)。句意：更糟糕的是，人們所吃快餐的數(shù)量增加了。故填worse。67.is考查主謂一致。句意：快餐食物中充滿了脂肪和鹽。fastfood的意思是“快餐〞，表示一類食物，為不可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。故填is。68.eating考查動(dòng)名詞。句意：通過(guò)吃更多的快餐，人們將在飲食中攝入超過(guò)需求量的脂肪和鹽。根據(jù)前文中的by可知此處應(yīng)該填名詞，所以填eat的動(dòng)名詞形式。故填eating。2、(2021﹒全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。In1863thefirstundergroundpassengerrailwayintheworldopenedinLondon.Itranforjustundersevenkilometersandallowedpeopletoavoidterrible__61__(crowd)ontheroadsaboveastheytravelledtoand___62__word.Ittookthreeyearstocompleteandwasbuiltusinganinterestingmethod.Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,____63___(lay)thetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofover___64___top.Whenallthosehadbeendone,theroadsurfacewasreplaced.Steamengines___65__(use)topullthecarriagesanditmusthavebeen___66__(fair)unpleasantforthepassengers,withallthesmokeandnoise.However,therailwayquicklyprovedtobeagreatsuccessandwithinsixmonths,morethan25,000peoplewereusing___67__everyday.Later,engineers____68___(manage)toconstructrailwaysinasystemofdeeptunnels(隧道〕,whichbecameknowntothetube.Thisdevelopmentwasonlypossiblewiththe___69___(introduce)ofelectric-poweredenginesandlifts.ThecentralLondonRailwaywasoneofthemost___70___(success)ofthesenewlines,andwasopenedin1900.Ithadwhite-paintedtunnelsandbrightredcarriages,andprovedextremelypopularwiththepublic.考查名詞，top是名詞，前要用冠詞，故填the.65.wereused考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，根據(jù)句意：蒸汽發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)“被用于〞拉貨物，故填wereused.66.fairly考查副詞，這里fair是形容詞，pleasant也是形容詞，所以需要將fair變?yōu)楦痹~來(lái)修飾形容詞，故填fairly.考查代詞，這里用it指代前句的railway,故填it.68.managed考查動(dòng)詞，本文全篇都是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，所以這里也應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故填managed.考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換，空格前是the,后面應(yīng)該是名詞，故填名詞introduction.考查形容詞，空格前是most,其后要跟形容詞構(gòu)成最高級(jí)，故填successful.3、(2021﹒全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。【解析】本文是一篇人物類記敘文，介紹了SarahThomas在學(xué)業(yè)和誘人的職業(yè)面前所做出的選擇，她認(rèn)為在青少年時(shí)期學(xué)業(yè)要放在首位。61.resting考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。固定短語(yǔ)：spendtimedoingsth62.a考查冠詞。model是可數(shù)名詞，前面沒(méi)有限定詞，而此處泛指“一個(gè)〞，故填a。63.wastold考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意判斷謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)形式，主語(yǔ)Sarah是第三人稱單數(shù)，故填wastold。4、(2021﹒浙江)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容〔1個(gè)單詞〕或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。LastOctober,whiletendinghergardeninMora,Sweden,LenaPahlssonpulledoutahandfulofsmall56(carrot)andwasabouttothrowthemaway.Butsomethingmadeherlookcloser,andshenoticeda57(shine)object.Yes,therebeneaththeleafytopofonetinycarrotwasherlong-lostweddingring.Pahlssonscreamed58loudlythatherdaughtercamerunningfromthehouse.“shethoughtIhadhurt59(I),〞saysPahlssonSixteenyears60(early),Pahlssonhadremovedthediamondring61(cook)ameal.Whenshewantedtoputtheringbackonlater,itwasgone.Shesuspectedthatoneofherthreedaughters—thenten,eight,andsix—hadpickeditup,butthegirlssaidtheyhadn't.Pahlssonandherhusband62(search)thekitchen,checkingeverycorner,butturnedupnothing.“Igaveuphopeoffindingmyringagain,"shesays.Sheneverreplacedit.Pahlssonandherhusbandnowthinktheringprobablygot63(sweep)intoapileofkitchenrubbishandwasspreadoverthegarden,64itremaineduntilthecarrot’sleafytopaccidentallysprouted(生長(zhǎng))throughit.ForPahlsson,itsreturnwas65wonder.【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了LenaPahlsson在花園里采摘胡蘿卜時(shí)，找到了喪失已久的結(jié)婚戒指的那種失而復(fù)得心情?？疾槊~。根據(jù)“onetinycarrotwasherlong-lostweddingring.〞，及“ahandfulof〞，可知用名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故填carrots?？疾樾稳菰~?！皊henoticeda57(shine)object〞a為冠詞，object為名詞，橫線處應(yīng)填寫形容詞。故填shiny或shining?？疾楣潭ň涫?。根據(jù)“Pahlssonscreamed58loudlythatherdaughtercamerunningfromthehouse〞，so…that,如此…以至于，故填so?？疾榇~。Ihadhurt59(I)，主語(yǔ)為I,橫線處為賓語(yǔ)，替代主語(yǔ)時(shí)，應(yīng)用代詞。故填myself。考查形容詞。saysPahlssonSixteen

years

60

(early)，用形容詞比擬級(jí)修飾Sixteenyears，Sixteenyearsearlier16年前；故填earlier。考查動(dòng)詞不定式。Pahlsson

hadremoved

the

diamond

ring

61

(cook)

a

meal，一個(gè)句子不能出現(xiàn)雙重謂語(yǔ)，所以用不定式表目的狀語(yǔ)。故填tocook?？疾閯?dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“but

turned

up

nothing〞，可知句子為過(guò)去時(shí)，“Pahlsson

and

her

husband

62

(search)

the

kitchen〞故填searched。考查動(dòng)詞。“Pahlsson

and

her

husband

now

think

the

ring

probably

got63

(sweep)

into

a

pile

of

kitchen

rubbish〞，ring與sweep之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填swept。5、(2021﹒全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyears___61___(long)thannon-runners.Youdon'thavetorunfastorforlong___62___(see)thebenefit.Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof___63___(die)earlybyrunning.Whilerunningregularlycann'tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysit___64___(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglife___65___walking,cyclingorswimming.Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin2021___66___showedamerefiveto10minutesAdayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromall___67___(cause).Thebestexerciseisonethatyouenjoyandwilldo.Butotherwise…it'sprobablyrunning.Toavoidkneepain,youcanrunonsoftsurfaces,doexercisesto___68___(strength)yourlegmuscles(肌肉),avoidhillsandgetgoodrunningshoes.Runningischeap,easyandit'salways___69___(energy).Ifyouaretimepoor,youneedrunforonlyhalfthetimetogetthesamebenefitsasothersports,soperhapsweshouldallgive___70___atry.【解析】61.longer62.tosee63.dying64.is65.than66.that\which67.causes68.strength69.energetic70.it\running本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了跑步的好處，它可以幫助人們延年益壽。61.考查副詞的比擬級(jí)。醫(yī)學(xué)報(bào)告顯示：經(jīng)常跑步的人比不跑步的人多活3年。根據(jù)than可知用比擬級(jí)，故填longer。62.考查不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。你不必跑地太快或時(shí)間太長(zhǎng)就能看到它的好處。此處不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)，故填tosee。63.考查動(dòng)名詞。你也許喝酒、吸煙或超重，但仍然通過(guò)跑步會(huì)減少早亡的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。此處of是介詞，其后用動(dòng)名詞。故填dying。64.考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。醫(yī)學(xué)報(bào)告顯示：跑步比散步、騎車和游泳更能有效地延長(zhǎng)壽命。這里表達(dá)的是一個(gè)事實(shí)，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故填is。65.考查比擬句型。跑步比散步、騎車和游泳更能有效地延長(zhǎng)壽命。根據(jù)文章中的moreeffective可知此處填than。6、(2021﹒全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。DietshavechangedinChina—andsotoohasitstopcrop.Since2021,thecountry___61___〔grow〕morecornthanrice.Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentover___62___past25years,whilericehasincreasedonly7percent.Atasteformeatis___63___(actual)behindthechange:Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle.Anotherreasonforcorn'srise:Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice___64___(improve)waterquality.Cornuseslesswater___65___riceandcreateslessfertilizer(化肥)runoff.Thisswitchhasdecreased___66___(pollute)inthecountry'smajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.AccordingtotheWorldBank,Chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotal___67___(globe)fertilizerconsumption.TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005—whenthegovernment___68___(start)asoil-testingprogram___69___givesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers-and2021,fertilizerusedroppedby7.7milliontons.Thatpreventedtheemission(排放)of51.8milliontonsofcarbondioxide.China'sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile___70___(feed)itscitizens"offersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide."saysthebank'sJuergenVoegele.【解析】61.hasgrown62.the63.actually64.toimprove65.than66.pollution67.global68.started69.that/which70.feeding本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文中講述了中國(guó)為保護(hù)環(huán)境在農(nóng)作物種植上做了一些變化并得到了世界上的知名認(rèn)識(shí)的認(rèn)可。61.考查時(shí)態(tài)。since加時(shí)間點(diǎn)，主句要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。句意：2021年以來(lái)，中國(guó)種植的玉米比水稻多。故填hasgrown。62.考查冠詞。句意：玉米產(chǎn)量在過(guò)去25年里增長(zhǎng)了近125%，而大米只增長(zhǎng)了7%。故是特指在過(guò)去的25年里。故填the。67.考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：中國(guó)約占全球化肥總消費(fèi)量的30%。fertilizerconsumption是名詞短語(yǔ)，故應(yīng)該用形容詞修飾。故填global。68.考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：在2005年政府開(kāi)始了一項(xiàng)土壤測(cè)試工程。本句是when引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，由于時(shí)間是2005年，故用過(guò)去時(shí)。故填started。69.考查定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系詞。根據(jù)空后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞gives可知，該空缺少主語(yǔ)，指代program并且引導(dǎo)后面的句子。指物用that/which，故填that或者which。70.考查省略句。句意：中國(guó)在養(yǎng)活了中國(guó)人民的同時(shí)又保護(hù)了環(huán)境。這一做法為全世界的農(nóng)業(yè)和糧食政策制定人提供了很有用的經(jīng)驗(yàn)?？崭裉幈硎菊谶M(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，while后面省略掉了Chinais，省略句的原那么：在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句、條件狀語(yǔ)從句、，讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中，如果從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)一致且含有be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，那么可以把主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞一塊省略。故填feeding。7、(2021﹒全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。I'mnotsure_____61_____ismorefrightened,meorthefemalegorilla(大猩猩〕thatsuddenlyappearsoutofnowhere.I'mwalkingonapathintheforestintheCentralAfricanRepublic.Unexpectedly,I'mface-to-facewiththegorilla,whobeginsscreamingat____62____topofherlungs.Thatmakesherbabyscream,andthena400-poundmaleappears.Hescreamsthe___63___(loud)ofall.Thenoiseshakesthetreesasthemalebeatshischestandchargestowardme.Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoid____64____(look)directlyintohiseyessohedoesn'tfeel____65____(challenge).MynameisMireyaMayor.I'ma___66___(science)whostudiesanimalssuchasapesandmonkeys.Iwassearching___67___thesethreewesternlowlandgorillasI'dbeenobserving.Noonehadseenthemforhours,andmycolleaguesandIwereworried.WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustgladtofind____68____(they)alive.Truetoagorilla'sunaggressivenature,thehugeanimal____69____(mean)menorealharm.Hewasjustsaying:"I'mkingofthisforest,andhereisyourreminder!"Oncehismessagewasdelivered,heallowedme____70____(stay)andwatch.【解析】61.which62.the63.loudest64.looking65.challenged66.scientist67.for68.them69.meant70.tostay本文為記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在中非偶遇大猩猩，彼此驚恐的經(jīng)歷。61.考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意：我不確定哪一個(gè)更害怕，我，還是突然出現(xiàn)的雌性大猩猩。此處為賓語(yǔ)從句，空格處表示選擇，所以用which表示“哪一個(gè)〞66.考查名詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，我是一名科學(xué)家。scientist科學(xué)家。67.考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)搭配。searchfor是固定搭配，表示“尋找〞，表示“我〞在尋找“我〞研究的三只西部低地大猩猩。68.考查代詞。此處做find的賓語(yǔ)，所以用賓格them。69.考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析本句的句子成分可知，本句缺少謂語(yǔ)，再根據(jù)總體時(shí)態(tài)可知要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，所以用meant。70.考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。固定短語(yǔ)allowsbtodo允許某人做某事，應(yīng)該用tostay。8、(2021﹒浙江)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容〔1個(gè)單詞〕或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。FewpeopleIknowseemtohavemuchdesireortimetocook.MakingChinese___56___(dish)isseenasespeciallytroublesome.Manywesterners___57___cometoChinacookmuchlessthanintheirowncountriesoncetheyrealizehowcheap___58___canbetoeatout.Istillremember___59___(visit)afriendwho’dlivedhereforfiveyearsandI___60___(shock)whenIlearntshehadn’tcookedonceinallthattime.Whileregularlyeatingoutseemsto___61___(become)commonformanyyoungpeopleinrecentyears,it’snotwithoutacost.Theobviousoneismoney;eatingoutonceortwiceaweekmaybe___62___(afford)butdoingthismostdaysaddsup.Therecouldbeaneven___63___(high)costonyourhealth.Researchershavefoundthatthereisadirectlinkbetweentheincreaseinfoodeatenoutsidethehomeandtherisein___64___(weigh)problems.Ifyouarenotgoingtosufferthisproblem,thenIsuggestthatthenexttimeyougotoyourmum’shome___65___dinner,getafewcookingtipsfromher.Cookingfoodcanbefun.Youmightalsobegintonoticetheeffectsnotonlyonyourhealthbutinyourpocket.【解析】56.dishes57.who/that58.it59.visiting60.wasshocked61.havebecome62.affordable63.higher64.weight65.for作者描述了人們喜歡在外面吃飯的現(xiàn)象，分析了其對(duì)身體和花費(fèi)的不良影響，建議我們?cè)诩易鲲垺?6.考查名詞。此處指中國(guó)菜，表示泛指應(yīng)該用名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故填dishes。57.考查關(guān)系代詞。句中包含定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是westerners指人，在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)，用關(guān)系代詞who/that引導(dǎo)，故填who/that。58.考查it用法。句子為感慨句，正常語(yǔ)序應(yīng)該是itcanbecheaptoeatout.其中不定式toeatout是真正主語(yǔ)，用it是形式主語(yǔ)。故填i。59.考查動(dòng)詞形式。此處指我記得去拜訪一個(gè)在這里住了五年的朋友，表示記得做過(guò)某事用rememberdoingsth.，故填visiting。60.考查形容詞。此處表示我感到很震驚。shock的主語(yǔ)是I,用形容詞和系動(dòng)詞組成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的事，系動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式。故填wasshocked。61.考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)inrecentyears可知用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，seemsto后用動(dòng)詞原形，故填havebecome。62.考查形容詞。此處表示一周一兩次外出吃飯是負(fù)擔(dān)得起的，系動(dòng)詞be后用形容詞作表語(yǔ)，表示“負(fù)擔(dān)得起的〞故填affordable。63.考查形容詞比擬級(jí)。此處修飾名詞cost用形容詞，由even表示程度修飾比擬級(jí)，故填higher。64.考查名詞。此處指體重問(wèn)題，用名詞修飾problems，故填weight。65.考查介詞。表示去母親家去吃飯，表示目的用介詞for，故填for。9、(2021﹒全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ThepolarbearisfoundintheArcticCircleandsomebiglandmassesasfarsouthasNewfoundland.Whiletheyarerarenorthof88°,thereisevidence___61___theyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen___62___(poor)studied;however,biologistscalculatethatthereareabout20,000-25,000polarbearsworldwide.Modemmethods___63___trackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s,andareexpensive___64___(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunayut___65___(report)increasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements,leadingtoa___66___(believe)thatpopulationsareincreasing.Scientistshaverespondedby___67___(note)thathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion(錯(cuò)覺(jué))thatpopulationsare___68___(high)thantheyactuallyare.Of___69___nineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,six___70___(be)stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.【解析】本文為科普文類說(shuō)明文，介紹了北極熊的生存現(xiàn)狀。61.考查同位語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析可知，主句為therebe句型，且結(jié)構(gòu)完整，空格后為同位語(yǔ)從句，解釋說(shuō)明中心詞evidence的內(nèi)容，故填that。62.考查副詞用法。根據(jù)句意和結(jié)構(gòu)分析可知，此處用副詞poorly修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞hasbeenstudied，意為“研究很少〞。故填poorly。63.考查介詞用法。此處trackingpolarbearpopulations作Modernmethods的定語(yǔ)，用of連接，“methodsofdoingsth.〞,意為“……的方法〞，構(gòu)成固定結(jié)構(gòu)?；蛘咭鉃椤皩?duì)于跟蹤北極熊的方法〞用for。故填of/for。64.考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。主系表結(jié)構(gòu)之后，常用不定式作原因或目的狀語(yǔ)，句意：跟蹤北極熊的現(xiàn)代方法只是在二十世紀(jì)八十年代以來(lái)開(kāi)始采用，并且在如此大區(qū)域內(nèi)持續(xù)采用是昂貴的，故此處用toperform。65.考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境，尤其是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)inrecentyears可知，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，故填havereported。66.考查名詞。根據(jù)其前不定冠詞和其后的同位語(yǔ)從句可知，空格處為名詞形式，故填belief。67.考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)其前介詞by可知，此處用動(dòng)名詞主動(dòng)形式，故填noting。68.【解析】考查形容詞比擬級(jí)。根據(jù)其后thantheyactuallyare可知，此處為形容詞的比擬級(jí)，故填higher。69.考查定冠詞。此處為特指，意為“在的19個(gè)北極熊亞種群中〞，故填the。70.考查主謂一致。根據(jù)threearedeclining，此處數(shù)詞six作主語(yǔ)，代指前文中的“polarbearsubpopulations〞，故用復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故填are。10、(2021﹒全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。A90-year-oldhasbeenawarded“WomanOfTheYear〞for___61___(be)Britain'soldestfull-timeemployee-stillworking40hoursaweek.NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield,___62___sheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.Heryearsofhardworkhave___63___(final)beenacknowledgedafteracustomernominated(提名)hertobeCheshire'sWomanOfTheYear.Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement〞award，proudIrene___64___(declare)shehadnoplans___65___(retire)fromher36-year-oldbusiness.Irenesaid，“Idon'tseeanyreasontogiveupwork.IlovecominghereandseeingmyfamilyandallthefriendsI___66___(make)overtheyears.IworknotbecauseIhaveto,___67___becauseIwantto.〞GranddaughterGayleParks，31-whoworksalongsideherinthefamilybusiness-saiditremainedunknownastowhonominatedIrenefortheaward.Shesaid，“Wedon'thaveanyideawhoputgrandmaforward.Whenwegotacall___68___(say)shewasshort-listed，wethoughtitwas___69___joke.Butthenwegotanofficialletterandwewereblownaway.Wearesoproudofher.It's___70___(wonder).〞【解析】本文為記敘文。講述了九十高齡的Irene作為英國(guó)最年長(zhǎng)的全職員工，依然在寵物店做著朝九晚五的工作，沒(méi)有退休的打算，她被頒發(fā)“年度女士〞稱號(hào)。61.考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)其前介詞for可知，此處用動(dòng)名詞形式作賓語(yǔ)，故填being。62.考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，先行詞為thepetshop，在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中作opened一詞的賓語(yǔ)，故用which。63.考查副詞用法。根據(jù)空格所處位置可知，此處應(yīng)用副詞形式作狀語(yǔ)，修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞havebeenacknowledged，意為“最終得以認(rèn)可〞，故填finally。64.考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)上下文可知，該句主語(yǔ)為Irene，此處為謂語(yǔ)成分，根據(jù)后文had以及said可知用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，故填declared。65.考查不定式作定語(yǔ)。此處用todosth做后置定語(yǔ),用來(lái)修飾前面的名詞plan,表示“……的方案〞，故填toretire。66.考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)該定語(yǔ)從句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“overtheyears〞可知，此處用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，句意：我喜歡到這里來(lái)看看我的家人和我這些年來(lái)交到的朋友們。故填havemade。67.考查并列連詞。根據(jù)句意邏輯可知，此處為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，句意：我工作不是因?yàn)槲也坏貌蛔?，而是因?yàn)槲蚁胱觥４颂幱胋ut與前文not照應(yīng)，構(gòu)成“不是……而是……〞之意，故填but。68.考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)其后所接的賓語(yǔ)從句可知，此處用現(xiàn)在分詞形式saying作后置定語(yǔ)，解釋名詞call的內(nèi)容，call與say是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填saying。69.考查冠詞用法。根據(jù)句意“我們還以為這是一個(gè)玩笑〞可知，此處joke為泛指，故填a。70.考查形容詞作表語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，在系動(dòng)詞is之后用形容詞形式作表語(yǔ)，故填wonderful。11、(2021﹒全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Onourwaytothehouse，itwasraining___61___hardthatwecouldn'thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtake___62___(get)there.ItwasinthemiddleofPearlCity.Wewerefirstgreetedwiththebarkingbyapack___63___dogs，seventobeexact.Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmasters___64___hadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals.Ourhostssharedmanyoftheirexperiencesand___65___(recommend)wonderfulplacestoeat，shop，andvisit.Forbreakfast，wewereabletoeatpapaya(木瓜)andotherfruitsfromtheirtreesinthebackyard.Whentheywerefreefromwork，theyinvitedustolocaleventsandletusknowofaninteresting___66___(compete)towatch，togetherwiththestorybehindit.Theyalsosharedwithusmany___67___(tradition)storiesaboutHawaiithatwere___68___(huge)popularwithtourists.Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay，we___69___(invite)toattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars，___70___(listen)tomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.這是一篇記敘文。作者講述了他們?nèi)ハ耐亩燃偻局械慕?jīng)歷以及到了主人家后受到的禮遇，主人熱情招待他們，還在工作之余帶他們參加了很多當(dāng)?shù)氐幕顒?dòng)。61.考查副詞。句意：在我們?nèi)ツ亲孔拥穆飞?，雨下得如此大以至于我們不能不想還要多久才能到達(dá)那里。“so…that…〞意為“如此……以至于…〞，引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。故填so。62.考查不定式。句中的would提示我們作者還沒(méi)有到達(dá)那座房子，wondering后的句子不缺謂語(yǔ)，此處應(yīng)填非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，故填toget。63.考查介詞?！癮packof〞意為“一群〞。故填of。64.考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：它們被他們的主人訓(xùn)練地很好，它們的主人在照顧這些動(dòng)物方面很有經(jīng)驗(yàn)。先行詞為masters〔主人〕，且從句缺主語(yǔ)。故關(guān)系詞填who。65.考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)。句意：我們的主人跟我們分享了很多他們的經(jīng)歷并推薦了一些很好的吃飯、購(gòu)物和參觀的地方?！癮nd〞前后兩個(gè)動(dòng)作“shared〞與“recommended〞是并列關(guān)系，時(shí)態(tài)一致。故填recommended。66.考查名詞。由空格前的不定冠詞an與空格后的不定式towatch可以確定空格處應(yīng)該填名詞形式。故填competition。67.考查形容詞?？崭裥揎椕~stories，應(yīng)用形容詞形式，tradition的形容詞為traditional，故填traditional。68.考查副詞。空格處單詞修飾形容詞popular，應(yīng)用副詞形式，huge的副詞為hugely，故填hugely。69.考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。由“onthelastdayofourweek-longstay〞可知，句子時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)。根據(jù)句意：我們被邀請(qǐng)去參加一場(chǎng)私人音樂(lè)會(huì)，所以用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)為we，故填wereinvited。70.考查分詞。本句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為“wereinvited〞，所以70題空格處動(dòng)詞listen應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式。聽(tīng)音樂(lè)這個(gè)動(dòng)作是由we發(fā)出的，所以選用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。也可由and前后連接兩個(gè)并列的結(jié)構(gòu)這一規(guī)律解題，and后meetinginterestinglocals為分詞形式，故空格處填listening。12、(2021﹒浙江)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Thereareseveralreasonswhyschooluniformsaregoodidea.Firstofall,uniformshelptheschoollooksmart.Thestudentsfeelthattheybelongtoaparticulargroup.Wheneverypupilintheschoolwearstheuniform,nobody___56___(have)toworryaboutfashion(時(shí)尚).Everybodywears___57___samestyleofclothes.Uniformscanbeusefulinunexpectedways,AschoolinIrelandhasintroducedaninterestingnewuniform.Ontheedgeofthejacket,thereisapieceofcloth___58___givesofflightinthedark.Whenthechildrenarewalkingor___59___(cycle)toschoolondarkmornings,cardriverscan___60___(easy)seethem.Butcanuniformshelpimproveschoolstandards?Theanswer___61___thisquestionisnotclear.OnestudyinAmericafoundthatstudents'grades___62___(improve)alittleaftertheschoolintroduceduniforms.Butsomestudentsdidn'twant___63___(wear)theuniform.OtherAmericanstudiesshowedno___64___(connect)betweenuniformsandschoolperformance.Schooluniformsare___65___(tradition)inBritain,butsomeschoolsarestartingtogetridofthem.Someverygoodschoolsdon'thaveauniformpolicy.However,uniformsarestillpopular.Pupilsatabout90percentofBritishsecondaryschoolswearuniforms.【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了學(xué)生穿校服的幾個(gè)好處。56.has/willhave考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)每個(gè)學(xué)生在校穿校服時(shí)，沒(méi)有人會(huì)擔(dān)憂時(shí)尚問(wèn)題。本句是when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，遵循主將從現(xiàn)原那么，因此，主句可以使用將來(lái)時(shí)willdo；根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，本文表達(dá)的是客觀事實(shí)，因此，本句亦可用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是nobody，謂語(yǔ)用has。故填willhave/has。57.the考查冠詞。句意：每個(gè)人都穿相同風(fēng)格的衣服。same是形容詞，意思是“相同的〞，常與the連用修飾名詞。故填the。58.that/which考查定語(yǔ)從句。這是個(gè)限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是cloth，指物，從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，因此，可以用that或which引導(dǎo)。故填that/which。59.cycling考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：當(dāng)孩子們?cè)诤诎档脑绯坎叫谢蝌T車上學(xué)時(shí)，汽車司機(jī)很容易看到它們。or連接兩個(gè)并列成分，根據(jù)or前的walking可知，此處要用cycling。故填cycling。60.easily考查副詞。分析句式可知，設(shè)空處所給詞是修飾動(dòng)詞see，修飾動(dòng)詞要用副詞，因此，用easy的副詞形式。故填easily。61.to考查介詞。句意：這個(gè)問(wèn)題的答案不清楚。thekey/answerto...這是固定搭配，“……的答案是……〞。故填to。62.improved考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：美國(guó)的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在學(xué)校引入校服后，學(xué)生的成績(jī)有所提高。本句是after引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，前后時(shí)態(tài)保持一致，從句使用了一般過(guò)去式，主句用一般過(guò)去式。故填improved。63.towear考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：但是，有一些學(xué)生不想穿學(xué)生服。wanttodosth想要做某事，這是want的固定用法。故填towear。64.connection/connections考查名詞。句意：其他的美國(guó)研究說(shuō)明校服和學(xué)校表現(xiàn)之間沒(méi)有聯(lián)系。no是形容詞，形容詞修飾名詞，位于名詞前，名詞可用復(fù)數(shù)也可用單數(shù)形式。connect是動(dòng)詞，“聯(lián)系〞的意思，因此，要用其名詞形式。故填connection/connections。65.traditional考查形容詞。句意：穿校服在英國(guó)是一個(gè)傳統(tǒng)，但是一些學(xué)校開(kāi)始允許學(xué)生上學(xué)不用穿校服。are是系動(dòng)詞，其后常用形容詞作表語(yǔ)，tradition是名詞，“傳統(tǒng)〞的意思，因此，用其形容詞形式。故填traditional。13、(2021﹒北京)閱讀以下短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空，在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。AOnthefirstdayofmyfirstgrade，Istoodbythedoorwithbutterfliesinmystomach.I___1___(voice)mybiggestconcerntomymother.“HowwillImakefriends?〞Shehandedmeadvice.“Beyourself.〞Forthepast20years.Ihavelivedbythesewords.SoonIwillgraduateandbecomepartoftherealworld.Nervously___2___(face)challenges,IknowIwillwhisperto___3___(I)the