2020-2021學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語模擬卷02北京專用考試版

2020-2021學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語模擬卷02（北京專用）（考試時(shí)間：90分鐘試卷滿分：100分）第一部分：知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，30分）完形填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）Itwas3:43.Thunderwascrashingandtherainwaspouring.Suddenlymyfather1intomyroom.“Adam!Adam!Getup!We’reflooding!”heshoutedandshookmebytheshoulders.That2meup!Irandownstairstothebasement(地下室).Itwaslikeaswimmingpool.MymotherandIimmediatelystartedtopickupthingsandtakethemupstairs.Ihadno3on,somyfeetwerequitefreezing.Thingsgotworseeveryminute.Withinthenexthour,wehadmoved4thatwecouldtothefirstfloor.Thecomputer,big-screentelevisionandheavyboxes56,ourpiano,sofa,washingmachineandwaterheaterwereallstilldownthere—beingdestroyed.Therewasnothingwecoulddo.Thatwasthehardestpart.Knowingthatyourhomeisbeingdestroyedisbadenough,butrealizingthatyoucan’tdoanythingtostopitfeelsevenworse.Waterhadcomeinourfrontdoor.Rescue7werefloatinginourstreets.Mothertoldmetopackanovernightbagofclothesandvaluablesandgetreadytoleave.Whenitwas8safetowalkoutside,allthepeopleintheneighborhood9atthestreetcorner.Peoplebecamefriends,andfriendsbecamelikefamily.Peoplecomfortedeachother.WelearnedlaterthattheNationalWeatherServicehaddeclaredthestormaflashflood.Ireallyhavelearnedsomethingfromthisflood.I’velearnedwhatdestructionis.Ihavelearnedwhat10means.Iknowinthefuture,whenIwatchpeople’slivesaffectedbynaturaldisasters,Icanunderstandthem.IwillshowgreatpityonthemandIwilldowhatIcantohelpthem.1．A．rushed B．climbed C．fell D．looked2．A．showed B．phoned C．dressed D．woke3．A．hat B．shoes C．jacket D．glasses4．A．something B．nothing C．a(chǎn)nything D．everything5．A．covered B．crowded C．filled D．fixed6．A．So B．And C．Because D．However7．A．ships B．boats C．cars D．buses8．A．finally B．usually C．exactly D．certainly9．A．stood B．walked C．gathered D．met10．A．truth B．safety C．value D．regret第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）AItseemslikecommonsense:eatinglocalfoodshouldbebetterfortheenvironment,becauseit11．(transport)shortdistances.12．(Unfortunate),itisnotthatsimple.Itistheproductionoffood,notitstransport,thatusesmostoftheenergyand13．(produce)mostofthegreenhousegases.Insomecases,localproducemighthaveusedmoreenergyandproducedmoregreenhousegasesthanproducegrownalongwayaway—eventakingintoaccountitstransport.BCustomsplayasignificantroleinfestivals,butsometimestheycanchangeovertime.Withthedevelopmentofmodernsocietyandthespreadofnewideas,sometraditionsmayfadeawayandothersmay14．(establish).OneexampleisthetypicalChineseSpringFestivalcustomof15．(light)firecrackerstodriveawaytheevilspiritsandcelebratethenewyear.Nowadays,manybigcities16．(give)upthiscustominordertoavoidairpollution.AnotherexampleisHalloween,whichslowlybecamean17．(excite)festivalforchildren,inspiteofitsreligiousorigins.CJanwassoinspiredbythepeopleshemetonlinethatshedecidedtostartanITclubtoteacholderpeoplehowtousecomputersandtheInternet.Sheandherfriendsnoworganizeeventsandcollectmoneytopayforprivateteachers.Manypeople18．(help)bytheclub.A59-year-oldmanlearnthowtoapplyforworkonlineandfoundagreatjob.Nowthatheworksandcantakecareof19．(he),hisdaughterhastimetostudyatuniversity.A61-year-oldwoman20．waslivingalonehasstartedasmallonlinecompanytogetherwithtwofriends.第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AInhis402ndanniversaryyear,Shakespeareisstillrightlycelebratedasagreatlanguagemasterandwriter.Buthewasnottheonlygreatmasterofplaywritingtodiein1616,andheiscertainlynottheonlywritertohaveleftalastinginfluenceontheater.Whilelessknownworldwide,TangXianzuisconsideredoneofChinasgreatestplaywrightsandishighlyspokenofinthatcountryofancientliteraryanddramatictraditions.Tangwasbornin1550inLinchuan,Jiangxiprovince.UnlikeShakespeare'slargebodyofplays,poemsandsonnets(十四行詩),Tangwroteonlyfourmajorplays:ThePurpleHairpin,PeonyPavilion(SimilartoShakespeare,Tang'ssuccessrodethewaveofarenaissance(復(fù)興)intheaterasanartisticpractice.AsinShakespeare'sEngland,Tang'sworksbecamehugelypopularinChinatoo.DuringTang'sChina,hisplayswereenjoyedperformed,andchanged.KunquOpera,aformofmusicaldrama,spreadfromsouthernChinatothewholenationandbecameasymbolofChineseculture.Combiningnortherntuneandsouthernmusic,kunquOperawasknownforitspoeticlanguage,music,dancemovementsandgestures.Tang'sworksbenefitedgreatlyfromthepopularityofkunquOpera,andhisplaysareconsideredclassicsofkunquOpera.WhileTangandShakespearelivedinaworldawayfromeachother,therearemanythingstheyshareincommon,suchehumanityoftheirdrama,theirheroicfigures,theirloveforpoeticlanguage,alastingpopularityandtheanniversaryduringwhichwestillcelebratethem.21．WhyisShakespearementionedinthefirstparagraph?A．TodescribeShakespeare'sanniversary.B．TointroducetheexistenceofTangXianzu.C．ToexplaintheimportanceofShakespeare.D．TosuggestthelesspopularityofTangXianzu.22．What'spossiblyoneofthemainthemeofTang'sworks?A．Socialreality. B．Femaledreams.C．Humanemotions. D．Politicalenvironment.23．WhatdoestheauthormainlytellusinParagraph4?A．TheinfluenceofKunquOperaonTang'sworks.B．Tang'ssuccessincopyingShakespeare'sstyles.C．ThewayKunquOperabecameasymbolofChineseculture.D．Tang'spopularityforhispoeticlanguageandmusic.BHaveyoueveryelledatyourcomputerbecauseitwasn'tworking?Yourcomputercouldn't“yell”back-untilnow.AIresearchersarenowworkingoncomputersthatcanargueandperhapsevenwindebateswithhumans.IBMscientistspublishedapaperinNatureonMarch17abouttheirnewAIsystem-ProjectDebater.Afterlisteningtoargumentsfromitsopponent(對(duì)手),thesystemcansearcharound400milliononlinearticlesinlessthanfiveminutes.Itlooksforideasthatcansupportitsownargument.Testingonthesystembeganin2019whenitdebatedwithHarishNatarajan,aprofessionaldebaterwhoholdstheworldrecordformostdebatecompetitionvictories.Thedebatetopicwaswhetherornotpreschoolshouldbefunded.AlthoughtheAIlostthedebateintheendbasedontheaudiencevote,theaudiencesaiditdidverywell.Interestingly,58percentoftheaudiencesaidthatProjectDebaterincreasedtheirknowledgeaboutthetopic.AlsoProjectDebaterhasshownstrengthatmakingimpressiveandlogicalopeningstatementsinthedebate,accordingtoScientificAmerican.Aftercompetingwithvarioushumandebaters,theAIsystem'soverallperformanceremainspoorer,“soundingawkwardduringanargument,”saidScientificAmerican.Inotherwords,theargumentsintheAIsystem'sdebatesdon'tsoundlikearealhumanconversation.“ProjectDebaterisfarfromperfect,anditsmisstepsshowjusthowdifficult-andhowhuman-argumentationanddebateare,”saidChrisReedoftheUniversityofDundeeintheUK.Humansandtechnologyhavebeenfacingofffordecades.In1997,IBM'sDeepBluebecamethefirstcomputertodefeatareigning(衛(wèi)冕的)chesschampion,Soaftertwodecades,haveIBM'sresearchersjustreproduceda“DeepBlue”todebate?It'smuchmorethanthat,theresearcherssaid.Argumentanddebatearebasiccapabilitiesofhumaninteligence,andit'sastepoutsideofAI'scomfortzonetoenterthisarea,accordingtothearticleinNature.24．HowcanProjectDebaterdebatewithhumans?A．Bylearningfromhumans. B．Bymakinguseofitsowndata.C．Bylisteningtoresearchers'instructions. D．Bycollectingalotofdatainashorttime.25．WhatdidthemajorityoftheaudiencethinkabouttheperformanceofProjectDebaterinthetesting?A．Itmadethemmoreawareofthetopic. B．Itsstatementswerenotlogicalenough.C．ItsoverallperformancewasbetterthanNatarajan's. D．Itsopeningstatementswereboring.26．Whatdoparagraphs4and5mainlytalkabout?A．ThedisadvantagesofProjectDebater.B．ProjectDebater'scompetitionswithotherhumandebaters.C．TheapplicationoftheAIsysteminthefuture.D．ChallengesfacingtheAIsystemandhumandebaters.CAsmostpeopleknow,inthepastfewyears,sandstormshavesweptacrossmanycitiesandareasofNorthChina,pollutingtheairanddisturbingdailylivesofhumanbeings.Peoplelookdirtyandsuffermanykindsofillnesses,suchasbreathdifficulty.ThesandstormissuchaseriousproblemthatithasnotonlyunderminedtheindustrialandagriculturaldevelopmentofourcountrybutalsocausedalotoftroubletothelivingconditionsoftheChinesepeople.Itisexpectedthateffectivemeasuresshouldbetakenassoonaspossiblethroughourjointeffortstolimititsoccurrence.Sowhatshouldwedowiththefrighteningsandstorms?Someexpertsputforwardpracticalsuggestionsasfollows:Foronething,morefundsoughttobeputintotreeplantingandforestprotectionsoastokeepmorewaterresourceswithinthesurfaceoftheearth.Foranother,governmentsofallcountriesshouldmakelawsonenvironmentalprotection.Forexample,banningtheuseofthrow-awaychopsticksandpunishingillegaltreecutting.Scientistsshouldalsostudyandfindwaystocutdownthedegreeofitsdestructionandtoimprovethewholeenvironment.Howpeoplelookforwardtosunnydayswithlittlebreeze(微風(fēng))touchingtheirfacesnowandforever!Nevertheless,Iamfullyconfidentthatthegoldendayscancomebacksolongaseveryonetrieshisbesttoprotectnaturalenvironmentfromtodayon.AndthefactisthatwhatIexpectisnotjustadream.Therearesomesweetfruitsfromtheearlyefforts.27．Theunderlinedword“undermined”inpara1means________.A．weakened B．encouraged C．kept D．made28．Howmanywaysdosomeexpertsputforwardtofightagainstsandstorm?A．5 B．4 C．3 D．229．Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A．Thedamagesandstormscausecanneverbeavoided.B．Theauthorhasconfidenceinfightingagainstsandstorms.C．Theauthorisunsureaboutthefutureoftheenvironment.D．Theimprovementoftheenvironmentisespeciallyrelaxing.30．Whatwilltheauthorprobablywriteaboutinthefollowingpart?A．WhypeopleshouldalwayscarryonwithdreamsB．Successfulexamplesofstoppingsandstorms.C．AbrightworldwithnosandstormanymoreD．Howtorealizeourdreamstoliveahappylife.DWheredidnovelcorona-viruscomefrom?AsCOVID-19isspreadingthroughouttheworld,animportantquestionhasyettobeanswered:wheredidtheviruscomefrom?Thelateststudyindicatedthatpangolins(穿山甲)maybeanintermediatehostofthevirus,accordingtoXinhua.However,batsaresuspectedtobetheoriginalcause.Wedon’tknowthesourceyet,butthere’sprettystrongevidencethatthisisabatorigincorona-virus,”saidPeterDazsak,presidentofEcoHealthAlliance,anenvironmentalnonprofit,accordingtoTheNewYorkTimes.“Whenyoulookatthegeneticsequence(基因序列)ofthevirus,andyoumatchitupwitheveryknowncorona-virus,theclosestrelativesarefrombats,”DazsakalsotoldCNN.Sowhyarebatsthesourceofsomanydeadlykindsofvirusesbuttheydon’tsufferfromanysymptoms?Astheonlyflyingmammal(哺乳動(dòng)物)withlonglifespan,bats’bodytemperatureishigh,similartoafever.It’sthisfactthatmaycontributetobats’uniqueimmunesystem(免疫系統(tǒng))inprotectingthemfromtheilleffectsofviruses.Butarebatstrulytoblameforthevirusorshouldwebeblamingourselves?Whetherwedestroytheforestswherebatsliveortheyenduponourplate,it’sthefaultofhumansfordecreasingthedistancebetweenusandvirus-carryingbats.Batsareanimportantanimalinourecosystemwhenitcomestopollinating(授粉)manyfruitssuchasmangoesandbananas.Weneedtoallowthemtocontinuepollinationandkeepthemawayfromourmarketsandmouths.31．WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueabouttheoriginofCOVID-19?A．Genetically,theviruswasfoundtobesimilartothosetestedinbats.B．Scientifically,itisconfirmedthatbatsaretheveryoriginalcause.C．Pangolinsareagreedtobetheintermediatehostofthevirus.D．Batsnothumanbeingsaretrulytoblameforthevirus.32．Thereasonwhybatsdon’tbatssufferfromthecorona-virusisthat________.A．bats’lowbodytemperaturefightagainsttheviruses.B．thecorona-virusisnotdeadlytobatsatall.C．batsaretheclosestrelativesofthevirus.D．bats’uniqueimmunesystemprotectthemfromthebadeffectsofvirus.33．Whatdoestheauthorintendstotellusinthelastparagraph?A．Humansaresupposedtoprotectbatswell.B．Humanshouldkeepaproperdistanceawayfrombats.C．Batscontributetoourecosystemalot.D．Batsaretoblamefordeadlyvirus-carrying.34．Wheredoesthepassagemostprobablycomefrom?A．Abiography. B．Abookreview. C．Amagazine. D．Arealisticnovel.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Apersonaldevelopmentplanisawaytosetgoals,gaininsight(洞察力)intoyourselfandyourskills,andhaveyoueverhadtimesquestioningyourselfandfeelingdiscouraged?Ifyouansweryes,whatyou’veexperiencedisnegativeself-talk.35．.Yousaytoyourselfuntruethingslike,“I’mnotgoodenough.I’madisappointment.”Thesefalsebeliefsstopusinourtracks.So,howdoyoustopnegativeself-talk?36．Knowyou’respecial.Youareoneofakind!Thereisnootherpersonthatthinksexactlylikeyou.Whenyoubegintosincerelybelievehowspecialyouare,it’seasiertofightnegativeself-talk.·ChangeyourassociationsYournegativeself-talkcomesfromyourenvironment.Youdidn’tjustaccidentallywakeuponedaythinkingofbadthingsaboutyourself.Itmaybebecausesomeone,somewhereinyourlifehastoldyounegativethingsaboutyouandyoubelievethem.However,ifyousurroundyourselfwiththerightpeople,theywillbuildyouup,inspireyouandmakeyoufeelbetter.37．.·ChangeyourdialogueReadandsayallthewonderfulthingsaboutyourselfatleast5timesperday.Lookatyourselfinthemirrorandsay,“Iamamazing!”38．,andyou’llbelieveyouareawesomeprettysoon.Ofcourse,thereareotherthingstostopnegativeself-talk.39．,butifyouaredeterminedtothinkpositivelyineverysituation,thatwillbringapositivechangeinyourlife.A．ThinkthesamewayB．ChangeisnoteasyC．ChangeyourpositionD．ItbeginsinyourbrainE.ChangeyourstateofmindF.You’llseekouttherightpeopletohelpchangeyourthoughtsG.You’llstarttobelievethegreatthingstheytellyou第三部分：書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，32分）第一節(jié)閱讀表達(dá)（共4小題；第1、2題各2分，第3題3分，第4題5分，共12分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求回答問題。YourFoodChoicesAffecttheEarth’sClimateEveryactionhasacost,evenforgrowingfoodanddeliveringittoyourdinnerplate.Ateamofresearchershasfoundthatmeatproductionreleasesmoreclimate-warmingpollutionthanitdoeswhenproducingfruits,vegetables,nutsandgrains.Theircalculationssuggestthatpeoplecoulddoalottoslowglobalwarmingiftheylimitedhowmuchmeattheyeat.Thereareplentyof“costs”offood.Astothevisiblecosts,peoplepaymoneyforthefoodaswellasthefuelneededtogetgroceriestothestoreorrestaurant.However,producingfoodsalsotakesresources，forexample，thewaterusedtoirritate(灌溉）cropfieldsorthefertilizerandchemicalsusedtopromoteplantgrowthandfightpests.PeterScarboroughattheUniversityofOxfordinEnglanddecidedtocalculatesomeoftheless-visiblepollutioncreatedbyfoodproduction.Histeamfocusedongreenhousegasesemittedthroughtheproductionofourfood,includingcarbondioxide(CO2)，methane(甲烷）andthenitrousoxide.Allthreegasesareimportant.WhileCO2isthegreenhousegasreleasedinthehighestvolume,methaneandnitrousoxidestayintheatmospherefarlongerthanCO2does.Assuch,theyaremorepowerfulinwarmtheearth’satmosphere.Theyusedacomputertochangethemethaneandnitrous-oxideemissionsforeachperson’sdietintoitscarbondioxide“equivalent.”That’stheamountofCO2neededtowarmEarth’satmospherebythesameamountasthemethaneornitrousoxidewould.Asforthecalculationsofthecarbondioxide“equivalent(等量)”,inthe1990s,asurveyasked65,000adultswhattheytypicallyhadeatenthroughoutthepastyear.Scarborough’steamfedthosedataintoacomputerandthenincludedtheamountofgreenhousegaseslinkedwithproducingnearly100commonfoods.Thenthecomputermatchedthosegreenhouse-gasamountstothemixoffoodseachpersonhadreportedeating.Itshowsthatthedietofsomeonewhosemealsincludedanaverageof50to99gramsofmeateachdaywouldberesponsibleforthedailyreleaseof5.6kilogramsofCO2equivalentwhilethoseveganshadthelowestdiet-linkedgreenhouse-gasemissions(2.9kgofCO2equivalent).Itsaut