04：名校高中自主招生任務(wù)型閱讀（讀后填空） -上海名校高中自主招生英語直通車

第頁第04第04講：名校高中任務(wù)型閱讀（閱讀后填空）從句 考點(diǎn)歸納、考前鞏固、真題鏈接說明:名校高中自主招生系列，試題由名校老師精心撰稿，均有答案詳細(xì)解析；部分試題有一定難度，供參考、選用。任務(wù)型閱讀題往往從不同的角度命題，既考查學(xué)生的閱讀理解能力，也考查他們的英語表達(dá)能力和概括能力，另外，對(duì)回答的拼寫、語法的正確性的也有較高的要求。1.明確閱讀任務(wù)同學(xué)們?cè)谧鲱}的時(shí)候，首先要先閱讀所給的任務(wù)，明確任務(wù)是什么，再帶著任務(wù)去閱讀，這樣就能做到心中有數(shù)，有針對(duì)性地去讀，才能提高閱讀效率。2.讀全文，了解大意明確任務(wù)后，要迅速閱讀全文來了解文章主要內(nèi)容，以及文章的感情基調(diào)、作者的意圖等。因?yàn)榇蠹抑涝诓牧虾蟮膯栴}設(shè)置中，經(jīng)常有對(duì)文章大意的考查。對(duì)于概括大意的題目，需要全篇考慮，這類題目有時(shí)可以從文中直接找到答案，但有時(shí)需要用自己的話來概括。這類題難度較大，對(duì)文章還得再讀一讀，才能總結(jié)出來。3.再次閱讀，逐題突破第一遍泛讀之后，同學(xué)們對(duì)后面的問題，已經(jīng)有所了解，然后大家就可以用跳讀的方式來尋找答案。還有一類情況大家要注意，就是要求同學(xué)們要解讀深層含義的題。這一類題屬于難度較大的題。在做這一類型題的時(shí)候，同學(xué)們要捕捉文章中有關(guān)的信息，把握文章的內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系，立足原文，從字里行間捕捉一些線索，悟出作者想表達(dá)的深層含義。4.通讀全文，仔細(xì)檢查在完成所有任務(wù)后，同學(xué)們還應(yīng)結(jié)合題目再把全文通讀一遍，認(rèn)真核實(shí)答案，同時(shí)必須檢查一下書寫是否規(guī)范，句子的時(shí)態(tài)、人稱、單復(fù)數(shù)、語態(tài)、詞性、主謂搭配等是否正確，這是答題的最后一步，也是很關(guān)鍵的一步。HugeWavesDestroyingArcticIceFasterthanExpectedIcecoversmuchoftheArcticOcean.Somepiecesoficearehuge,likemovingislands.Astemperatureshaveincreased

,however,someoftheicehasbeguntodisappear.Scientistshavediscoveredhugewavesinthearcticwaters.ThewaveswerediscoveredbyaccidentinMay,2010.ScientistAlekseyMarchenkoandhisstudentssetoutonatrip.Theywantedtostudytheicywaters.Theshiptravelledeastandstoppednexttoalargeblockoficearound50milesfromthesmallislandofHopen.Marchenkopreparedtoleadhisstudentsoutontotheice."WewerereadytogobutwhenIwentout,Idiscoveredmanycracksaround,"heremembers.Hedecidedtomovetheshipdeeperintotheicetokeepsafe.Thefartherintheywent,hethought,thehardertheicewouldbecome.Astheypushedforward,however,theshipexperiencedsmallwaves,andthenbiggerones.Soon,thewavesbrokeuptheicearoundtheshipintothousandsofsmallerpieces.Withinanhour,Marchenkoandhisteamsawawavethatwasabout13feethigh.Theship'snavigationsystemfinallyrecordedthelargestwaves.Theyweremorethan20feetinheight.Thewavesweresostrongthattheyforcedhugepiecesoficetojumpupanddown,breakingtheiceintosmallerpieceswithinjustonehour.Scientistshadneverimaginedthattheprocesscouldhappensofast.Thewavesintheseareasusedtobesmall.Thespeedandforceofthehugewavestheremakesitimpossibletoknowinadvancewhentheyarecoming.Thatcouldbedangerousfornavigatorsandlocalcommunitieswhoareunpreparedforhugewavedordependonseaicetoprotectthem.Wildlifelikepolarbearsthatdependonseaicetoliveisalsoindanger.Somescientiststhinkpeoplewillsoonseeevenbiggerwavesinicywaters.Aswavesbreakupice

，seaswillbemoreopen,waveswillbestronger.Therearestormytimesahead.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，請(qǐng)用完整句子回答下列問題。（1）Marchenkoandhisstudentsdiscovered

hugewavesinthe_____waters

in

_____,2010.（2）Theicearoundtheshipwas

______

______

intothousandsofsmallerpiecesbythewaves

whentheshipmovedintotheice.

（3）Thelargestwavesrecordedbythe______

system

weremorethan20feetin______.

（4）Wildlifelikepolarbears

thatdependon

______

______

toliveisalsoindanger

becauseofthehugewaves.（5）Peoplewillsoonseeeven

______

wavesin

______

waters.

【答案】【小題1】arctic

,

May【小題2】broken

,

up【小題3】navigation

,

height.【小題4】sea

,

ice【小題5】bigger,

icy【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ThewaveswerediscoveredbyaccidentinMay,2010.ScientistAlekseyMarchenkoandhisstudentssetoutonatrip.可知，這些海浪是2010年5月偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)的?？茖W(xué)家阿列克西?馬爾琴科和他的學(xué)生們開始了一次旅行。所以馬爾琴科和他的學(xué)生2010年5月在北極水域發(fā)現(xiàn)巨浪的。（2）Theicearoundtheshipwasbrokenupintothousandsofsmallerpiecesbythewaves.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Soon,thewavesbrokeuptheicearoundtheshipintothousandsofsmallerpieces.可知，很快，巨浪把船周圍的冰破碎成了成千上萬的小塊。所以當(dāng)船進(jìn)入冰層時(shí)，船周圍的冰被海浪打碎成成千上萬的小塊。故答案為Theicearoundtheshipwasbrokenupintothousandsofsmallerpiecesbythewaves.

（3）Theyweremorethan20feetinheight.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Theship'snavigationsystemfinallyrecordedthelargestwaves.Theyweremorethan20feetinheight.可知，船上的導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)最終記錄到了最大的海浪。海浪高達(dá)20多英尺。所以導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)記錄的最大海浪超過20英尺高。（4）Wildlifelikepolarbearsthatdependonseaicetoliveisalsoindanger.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)

Wildlifelikepolarbearsthatdependonseaicetoliveisalsoindanger.可知，像北極熊這樣依靠海冰生存的野生動(dòng)物也面臨危險(xiǎn)。故答案為Wildlifelikepolarbearsthatdependonseaicetoliveisalsoindanger.

（5）Peoplewillsoonseeevenbiggerwavesinicywaters.推理判斷題。根據(jù)

Somescientiststhinkpeoplewillsoonseeevenbiggerwavesinicywaters.可知，一些科學(xué)家認(rèn)為，人們很快就會(huì)在冰冷的海水中看到更大的海浪。所以在這些冰冷的海水里人們會(huì)看到更大的海浪。故答案為Peoplewillsoonseeevenbiggerwavesinicywaters.文章講了講述了巨浪以比預(yù)期更快的速度摧毀了極圈的冰塊。冰層覆蓋了北冰洋的大部分地區(qū)。有些冰層是巨大的，就像移動(dòng)的島嶼。然而，隨著溫度的升高，有些冰層已經(jīng)開始消失?？茖W(xué)家在北冰洋水域發(fā)現(xiàn)了巨大的海浪。這些海浪是2010年5月偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)的。科學(xué)家阿列克西?馬爾琴科和他的學(xué)生們開始了一次旅行。他們想研究冰冷的海水。NewYear’splansTheNewYeariscoming.Inmyfamily,everyonehas

aNewYear's(A)________.Mygrandfatherisgoingtotakemoreexercisenextyear.Heisseventy-twoyearsoldnow.

Hewantstokeephealthyandlivetobemorethan100yearsold.

Mygrandmotherwishesmyunclecanhaveagirlfriendsoon,butmyuncle

hopestogotoAustraliaforavisit.Myfatherisgoingtofindanewjobtomakemoremoney.Mymotherwantstobuyabighousewith

threeroomsinQingdao.Mysisterisgoingtotakesinginglessons,(B)________shewantstobeasinger.MybrotherandIaregoingtostudyhardinschool.Webothwanttoenteragooduniversity(大學(xué)).Iwritedownourplansonapieceofpaper

andputituponthewall.Ihopeeveryone'sdreamcancometrueinthecomingyear.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，回答下列問題。1.在文中(A)(B)

兩處填入合適的單詞。詞意猜測(cè)題

(A)_______(B)________2.從文中找出和所給句子意義相同的句子。細(xì)節(jié)理解題Bothofuswouldliketogotoaniceuniversity.___________________________________3.把文中劃線句子譯成漢語。句意理解題

____________________________________4.Whydoesthewriter'sfatherwanttofindanewjob?

細(xì)節(jié)理解題

____________________________________5.Whydoesthewriterwritedowntheirplansandputthemonthewall?

推理判斷題

______________________________________答案：1.

plan;because

2.

Webothwanttoenteragooduniversity.3.

他想保持健康并且活到100多歲。4.

Becausehewantstomakemoremoney.5.

Remembertheirplansandworkhardtomakethemcometrue.Yougetupinthemorningandlookintothemirror.Yourfaceisyoung-looking.In2035,medicaltechnologyisbetterthanever.Manypeopleofyouragecouldlivetobe150,soat40,you’renotoldatall.Andyourparentsjusthadananti-aging(抗衰老的)treatment.Now,threeofyoualllookthesameage!Youwalkintothekitchen.Youpickupthemilk,butavoicesays,“Youshouldn’tdrinkthat!”Yourfridgehasreadthechip(芯片)ofinformationaboutthemilk,anditknowsthemilkisold.In2035,everypieceoffoodinthegrocerystorehassuchachip.It’stimetogotowork.In2035,carsdrivethemselves.Justtellyour“smartcar”wheretogo.

Ontheway,youcancallafriendbyusingyourjacketsleeve(袖子).

Such“smarttechnology”isallaroundyou.Sowillallthesethingscometrue?“Fornewtechnologytosucceed,”saysscientistAndrewZolli,“ithastobesomuchbetterthatittakestheplacesofwhatwehavealready.”TheInternetisoneexample.Whatwillbethenext?1．判斷正誤（T/F）In2035,youarestillyoungifyouare40yearsold.2．補(bǔ)充句子

Yourparentsandyouall______

becausetheyjusthadananti-agingtreatmentintheyearof2035.3．簡略回答問題Whydoesyourfridgeknowyourmilkisold?4．簡略回答問題

Howcanyoucallafriendonyourwaytoworkin2035?5．翻譯下劃線句子。答案：1．T2．lookthesameage3．Becausemyfridgehasreadthechipofinformationaboutthemilk4．Byusingmyjacketsleeve5．在路上，你可以用夾克衫的袖子給朋友打電話。本文是一篇科技小短文，文章主要暢想了未來科技在人們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪兴鶐淼淖兓?。Hello，everyone！WelcometoLondonClimbingCenter.Itisopensixdaysaweekfrom9a．m.to5p．m.anditisclosedonMondays.Manypeopleenjoyclimbingherebecauseitisfunanditalsohelpspeopleforgettheirworries.Andherearesometipsforyou.First，whenyoucometothecenter，checkinatthemaingateanditistwentypoundsforaperson.Thenthemostimportantequipment(裝備)tohaveisgoodshoes.Theyneedtobehalfasizesmallerthanyourusualsize.Thenextthingyouneedisahat.Itmustbehardandyouhavetowearitatalltimeswhileclimbing.Climbingisveryexcitingforpeopleofdifferentages.Climbersmustbecareful.Youmustn'tclimbwithoutarope，whichallowsyoutomovefreely，butwillholdyouupifyoufall.Don'tlistentopersonalmusicplayersortalkonamobilephonewhileclimbing.Tokeeptheroomcleanandtidy，remembernottoeatordrinkanywhereexceptintherestaurant.Manythanks.Formoreinformation，pleasecallusat73238266oryoucansendyouremailtoinformation@LICC.com.Wishyouaniceday！LondonIndoor___1.___CenterOpeninghours：9：00－17：00___2.__－SundayPleasenote：Checkinatthemaingate.Climbwithsomeone.Weara___4.___atalltimes.Weartherightclimbingshoes.Don'tclimbwithoutarope.Don'ttalkonamobilephonewhileclimbing.Don'teatordrinkanywhereexceptintherestaurant.5.Youmustn't

climb

without

a

rope__.Charge：￡____3.___eachContactus：Informationdesk：73238266Email:information@LICC.com答案：1.climbing2.Tuesday3.204.hat5.Youmustn't

climb

without

a

rope.4.Anewsubwaytrain，usingcarbonfibertechnology，hascompleteditsfirsttrialruninQingdao，ShandongProvince.Itincludessixcarriages(車廂)andhasthelatestcarbonfibertechnology.Calledthe“subwaytrainofthefuture”，itshowsthemostadvanced(先進(jìn)的)technologyofmakingsubwaytrainsandisexpectedtobringnewexperiencestopassengers，accordingtoitsdeveloperofCRRCQingdaoSifangCo.Ltd.“Itwillbethedirectionforfuturesubwaytrainstobecomelighterandenergysaving，”saidDingSansan，anengineer.“Thenewsubwaytrainis13percentlighterthanthetraditionalonebyusingcarbonfibermaterialsinthemainbody，thedriver'scabandthecarriage.ThenewtrainwouldbecomesmarterandpassengerscansurftheInternetandwatchvideosandTVprograms.”Withaspeedofupto140kilometresperhour，it'smuchfasterthantraditionalsubwaytrains.Thenewtraincanfindtheonroutefaultearlyandstarttherepairworkrightawaywhenneeded.Thenewtrainisalsousedfullyautomatic(自動(dòng)的)technologyforthefirsttime，anditcancontrolshakesinthebestway.Thenewtrainhasbecomemoreflexible(靈活的)．Besides，itisalsoabletoruninbadconditions，suchashotandcolddays.Asthelatestproduct，ithasnoorderssofar.Inrecentyears，CRRCQingdaoSifangCo.Ltd.hasmadegreateffortstodevelopoverseasmarket.Sofar，itsproductshavebeensoldto25countriesandareasintheworld.OutlineFact：Anewsubwaytrainwiththe___1.___carbonfibertechnologyhascompleteditsfirsttrialruninQingdao，ShandongProvince.Advantages:Itismuch__2.__byusingcarbonfibermaterials.Itissmarter，sopassengerscangoonlinefreely.Itismuchfasterwithaspeedofupto140kilometresperhour.Itcanfindthefaultandrepairitself.Andwiththeautomatictechnology，itisableto__3.__shakesinthebestway.Itismoreflexibleandoperatesnormallywithoutconsideringthe___4.__.Conclusion：Thoughthenewproducthasnoorderssofar，CRRCQingdaoSifang'sproductsareacceptedwidelyintheworld.答案：1.latest2.lighter3.control4.weather5.HaveyoueverheardofIceland?IcelandisaEuropeancountry.Itusedtobeoneoftherichestcountriesintheworld.Itstotalareais103thousandsquarekilometers.SummerinIcelandisveryshort,whichlastsfromJunetoAugust.ItswinterstartsfromSeptemberandendsnextMay.In1980,Icelandstartedtodevelopitstouristindustry.Fortyyearshaspassedsincethen.Insummer,plentyoftouristsfromallovertheworldcomeheretohaveavisit.Inwinter,peopleinIcelandhavetospendthelongdarknight.Theyusuallyhavealotofspecialactivities,suchasskating,ridingsnowmotorbikesandhavingpartiestohaveanexcitingnight.Becauseofalongcoldwinter,Icelandhasashortgrowingseason.FoodproblemwasalwaysaheadacheforIcelandinthepast.Nowtheproblemisbeingsolved.Iceland—aCountryin___1.___Itstotalarea103,000___2.___kilometersWhenIcelandstartedtodevelopitstouristindustryFortyyears___3.___WhatpeopledotohaveanexcitingnightinwinterThey___4.___,ridesnowmotorbikesandhaveparties.WhyIcelandhasashort__5.__seasonBecauseofalongcoldwinter答案：1.Europe2.square3.ago4.skate5.growing6.Whydopeoplesavetheirmoneyinbanks？Whynotkeepitathome？Firstofall，thievesmightbreakintoyourhouseandstealyourmoney.Banks，though，havealarmsandguardstoprotectit.Anotherreasonisthatyourmoneycangrowinthebank.Whenyouputmoneyinasavingsaccount，thebankpaysyousomeextramoneyeachmonth.Themoneyyouputiniscalledadeposit.Themoneythebankpaysyouforyourdepositistheinterest.Theinterestyouearndependsontheinterestrate.Let'ssayyoudeposited$1，000inthebankandtheinterestrateis2%ayear.Inthatcase，youwillearn$20ayearasinterest.Whywouldbanksprotectyourmoneyandstillpayyouinterest？Thereasonisthatbankstakeyourdepositandlendittootherpeople.Whenpeoplebuyexpensivethingssuchashousesorcars，orrunabusiness，theyneedalotofmoney.Whentheydon'thaveenough，theyborrowfrombanks.Thismoneyiscalledaloan.Afterthat，theseborrowers(借款人)paybackthemoneyinsmallamountseachmonthforseveralyears.Theyalsohavetopayinterest.Thisinterestismuchhigherthantheinterestbankspayfordeposits.Thisisonewaybanksmakemoney.Thebankneedsdepositssothatitcanmakemoneybylendingmoney.Toencouragepeopletokeeptheirmoneyinthebank，thebankpaystheminterest.So，areyougoingtoopenasavingsaccountsoonandletyourmoneygrow?HowabankworksFirst，youputyourmoneyintoa__1.__accountinthebank.Thenthebanklendsyourmoneyasa__2.___tootherpeoplewhoneedit.Howmuchtheinterestyoucangetfromthebankdependsontheinterest__3.___.Inthisway，banksmakemoney.Later，the___4.___paybackthemoneywithinterest.Anditismuch__5.___thanthemoneythebankpaysforyou.答案：1.savings2.loan3.rate4.borrowers5.higher7.Theworldhasmanybeautifulsounds.Wecanhearthesongsofbirdsandthelaughterofpeople.Wecanlistentocoolmusicandnewsreports.Andit’sallbecauseofourears!Theybringusaworldofsounds.Butsomepeoplecan’thearanysoundatall.Someareborn①deaf.Otherscanhearwellintheirchildhood,buttoomanyloudsoundshurttheirearslateron.ManypeopleinChinacan’thearordinary(普通的)soundsclearly.Alargenumberofthemarechildren.Mostofthemarebornwithgoodhearing.But6childrenoutofevery1,000havehearingproblemswhentheyareborn.Andifachildhashearingproblems,usuallyheorshewillalsohavelearningproblemsatschool.Alotofthingscancausehearingproblems.Forexample,toomuchearwax(耳垢)isnotgoodforourhearing.Andnoiselouderthan85decibels(分貝)canhurtourearsandmakeusloseourhearingforashorttimeorevenforever.Hearingisimportantforallofus.②Soweshoulddoourbesttogiveourearsspecialcare.

Don’tforgettodothefollowing:●Trytostayawayfromplaceswithtoomuchnoise.Ifyouhavetogo,wearearplugs(耳塞).Apairofgoodearplugscancutthenoiseby30decibels.●Whenswimming,remembertoputearplugsintoyourearstostopwaterfromgettingin.●Neverputanythingsharp(尖銳的)intoyourears.Ifyouthinkyouhavetoomuchearwax,askyourmumordadtohelpyoucleanitout.Ifyoukeepthesethingsinmind,youwon’thavetroubleinhearingsounds.1．任務(wù)一

選出文中劃線單詞①的詞義。A．聾的B．