Unit 4 Topic 2【速記清單】-2023-2024學(xué)年八年級(jí)英語上冊(cè)單元速記•巧練（仁愛版）（原卷版）

第頁Unit4OurworldTopic2Howcanweprotectourselvesfromtheearthquake?Unit4Topic2重點(diǎn)詞匯名詞類million n.百萬snowstorm n.暴風(fēng)雪；雪暴rainstorm n.暴風(fēng)雨earthquake n.地震phone n.電話nation n.國家,民族fire n.火,火災(zāi)furniture n.家具army n.軍隊(duì)power n.力量,權(quán)力，電力gas n.煤氣,氣體,汽油doorway n.門口whole n.全部,整個(gè)，整體province n.省份,范圍level n.水平,等級(jí),程度aftershock n.余震shock n.震動(dòng),沖突,震驚,休克middle n.中部，中間；中央動(dòng)詞類appear v.出現(xiàn),看來，好像fire v.點(diǎn)燃,解職,開槍strike v.侵襲，爆發(fā)；撞擊shake v.搖晃,顫抖,動(dòng)搖rebuild v.重建，改建，使復(fù)原understand v.理解，懂phone vt.&vi.打電話shock vt.&vi.震動(dòng),沖突,使...受電擊send vt.派遣；打發(fā)；安排去形容詞副詞類sad adj.悲哀的,傷心的mobile adj.可移動(dòng)的calm adj.平靜的,冷靜的missing adj.缺少的,失蹤的injured adj.受傷的whole adj.整個(gè)的,完全的normal adj.正常的,一般的indoors adv.在戶內(nèi)downstairs adv.在樓下重點(diǎn)短語falldown(fell) 倒塌；摔倒call110forhelp 撥打110求助getthenews(got) 得到消息stay/keepcalm 保持鎮(zhèn)靜takealift(took) 搭電梯beindanger 處在危險(xiǎn)之中coveryourface 蒙住你的臉forhelp 尋求某人的幫助hearabout/of(heard) 聽說runoutofthedoor(ran) 從門跑出stay/get/keepawayfrom 遠(yuǎn)離jumpoffawindow 從窗戶跳下lose(lost)one’slife(lives)/home(s) 失去某人的生命/家alevel7.1earthquake 一場(chǎng)7.1級(jí)的地震beabletodosth 能夠做sthinthemiddleofaroom 在一個(gè)房間的中間can’tdoanythingelse 什么都不能做onMay12th，2008 在2008年5月12日bemissing 失蹤protectsbfrom 保護(hù)某人免受……傷害stayunderthetable 待在桌下stay/keepcalm 保持冷靜break(broke)one’srightarm 摔斷右臂takealifttogodownstairs 搭電梯下樓protectone’sheadwitharms 用手臂保護(hù)頭部fallenpowerlines 掉落的高壓線movearound 四處走動(dòng)turnoffthegasandlights 關(guān)閉煤氣和電燈jumpoffawindow 從窗戶跳下去withthehelpofthewholenation 在全民族的幫助下rebuild(rebuilt)one’shomes 重建家園returntonormallife 回到正常的生活重點(diǎn)句型1.Comeandlook!AterribleearthquakestruckQinghai.過來看看！一場(chǎng)可怕的地震襲擊了青海。2.Howcanweprotectourselvesfromtheearthquake?我們?nèi)绾伪Ｗo(hù)自己免受地震的傷害呢？3.Remember,themostimportantthingistostaycalm.記住，最重要的事情是保持鎮(zhèn)靜。4.Remembertoprotectyourheadandneckwithyourhands.記住用你的手保護(hù)你的頭部和頸部。5.Beverycarefuloffallenpowerlines.小心落下的電源線。6.Doyouknowhowtoprotectyourselvesfromearthquakes?你們知道如何保護(hù)自己免受地震的傷害嗎？7.Let’saskMissWangforhelp.讓我們向王老師尋求幫助吧。8.IwasverysadwhenIgotthenews.當(dāng)我得到這個(gè)消息的時(shí)候我很傷心。9.I’mverysorrytohearthat.聽到這個(gè)消息我很難過。10.Whichwasthemostserious?哪一場(chǎng)是最嚴(yán)重的？11.Knowingsomewaystoprotectyourselfwillhelptokeepsafeinanearthquake.了解一些保護(hù)自己的方法將有助于你在地震中保證自身的安全。12.Itwasalevel7.1earthquake.=Theleveloftheearthquakewas7.1.這是一場(chǎng)7.1級(jí)的地震。13.At2:28intheafternoon,onMay12,2008….在2008年5月12日下午2:28語法形容詞的比較級(jí)與最高級(jí)【考點(diǎn)1】AterribleearthquakestruckQinghai!一場(chǎng)可怕的地震襲擊了青海！【詳解】thinkabout思考，考慮……thinkof 認(rèn)為，想起……thinkover 仔細(xì)考慮【典例】1.—Whatdoyou________thismovie?—That’sveryinteresting.A.thinkabout B.thinkof C.thinkover2.Thisdressisnicebutexpensive.I’ll________it.A.thinkabout B.thinkof C.thinkover3.Thinkit_______andyoucanworkitout.仔細(xì)想想，你會(huì)解決的?！究键c(diǎn)2】Manybuildingsfelldown.許多建筑倒塌了?！驹斀狻縡alldown“倒塌，跌倒，下落”。詞形變化：原形fall-過去式fell-過去分詞fallen【典例】1.He____________andhurthisknee.他摔倒了并弄傷了膝蓋。2.Septembercomesandtheleavesstartto______________.九月來了，樹葉開始掉落了?！究键c(diǎn)3】Somepeoplediedandmanypeoplearemissing.一些人死亡，還有許多人失蹤?！驹斀狻縨issing意為“失蹤的；丟失的”?！颈嫖觥縨issing和lost⑴missing側(cè)重不在原處，形容詞性。⑵lost含難以找回的意思，動(dòng)詞性?！镜淅?.Mystorybookis______(miss).Ican’tfindit.2.Theman______(lose)hisarminthewar.3.Thelittleboygot______(lose)onhiswayhome.【考點(diǎn)4】AndIknowthattherewereanothertwoterribleearthquakeinChina.并且我還知道在中國的另外兩次可怕的地震?！驹斀狻縜nothertwo意為“另外的兩個(gè)”，相當(dāng)于twomore?！炬溄印縜nother,other，others,theother,theothers⑴another意為“別的”，“另一個(gè)”，泛指眾多中的一個(gè)，一般后面接單數(shù)名詞，前面不加定冠詞。⑵theother表示兩個(gè)中的一個(gè)，常與one連用，one…theother…。⑶other+名詞=others（別的）。⑷theother+名詞=theothers（其余的；相當(dāng)于therest）?！镜淅?.TommywantstostayinShanghaifor______.A.twoanotherdaysB.anothertwodays C.othertwodaysD.moretwodays2.—Oh,therearesomanycarsontheroad.Thetrafficissobusy.—Ihearthatourcitywillbuild______roadstosolvetheproblem.A.otherfive B.fiveother C.anotherfive D.fiveanother【考點(diǎn)5】thenumberofbuildingsfallingdown倒塌建筑的數(shù)量【詳解】thenumberof+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+謂語動(dòng)詞單數(shù),表示“……的數(shù)量”anumberof+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+謂語動(dòng)詞復(fù)數(shù)，表示”許多……”【典例】1.There______alargenumberofworkersinthefactoryandthenumberoftheworkers______5000.【考點(diǎn)6】Howcanweprotectourselvesfromtheearthquake?我們?cè)趺床拍鼙Ｗo(hù)自己免受地震的傷害呢？【詳解】protectsth./sb.fromsth.意為“保護(hù)某物（人）免于…”?！就卣埂縫rotectsb.fromdoingsth.“保護(hù)免受傷害”此處from不可省略。keepsb.fromdoingsth.“阻止某人做某事”，此處from不可省略。prevent/stopsb.(from)doingsth.“阻止某人做某事”，此處from可省略?！镜淅?.Weshouldprotectseaanimals______waterpollution.【考點(diǎn)7】Howcanweprotectourselvesfromtheearthquake?我們?cè)趺床拍鼙Ｗo(hù)自己免受地震的傷害呢？【詳解】protectsth./sb.fromsth.意為“保護(hù)某物（人）免于…”?！就卣埂縫rotectsb.fromdoingsth.“保護(hù)免受傷害”此處from不可省略。keepsb.fromdoingsth.“阻止某人做某事”，此處from不可省略。prevent/stopsb.(from)doingsth.“阻止某人做某事”，此處from可省略?！镜淅?.Weshouldprotectseaanimals______waterpollution.【考點(diǎn)8】DidyouhearabouttheYushuearthquakeinQinghaiProvince?你聽說青海玉樹地震了嗎？【詳解】hearabout意為“聽說”，相當(dāng)于hearof。【拓展】hearfrom意為“收到…的來信；得到…的消息”【典例】1.Iheard_____thegoodnewslastweek.我是上周聽說的這個(gè)好消息。2.Howoftendoyouhear_____yourpenpal?你多久收到一次你筆友的來信？【考點(diǎn)9】Doyouknowhowtoprotectyourselvesfromtheearthquake?你們知道如何在地震中保護(hù)自己嗎？【詳解】“疑問詞+動(dòng)詞不定式”構(gòu)成一類特殊的不定式，常在句中作主語、表語、賓語等。【典例】1._______________(get)thereisaquestion.怎么去那里是個(gè)問題。2.Thequestionis________________(start).問題是什么時(shí)候出發(fā)。3.Idon’tknow__________________(do)next.我不知道下一步該怎么做?！究键c(diǎn)10】Remembertoprotectyourheadandneckwithyourarms.記得用胳膊護(hù)住頭和脖子?！驹斀狻縭emember后跟動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)名詞時(shí)，所表達(dá)的意思是不同的。remembertodosth.意為“記住要去做某事（未做）”；rememberdoingsth.意為’“記得做過某事（已做）”?！镜淅?.―_______forgetyourhomework.—OK.Iwillremember_______ithere.A.Don't;bringingB.Not;tobringC.Don't;tobring【考點(diǎn)11】Fivemillionpeoplelosttheirhomes.五百萬人失去了他們的家園?！驹斀狻慨?dāng)hundred,thousand,million,billion等表示不確定的書目時(shí)，常用復(fù)數(shù)形式；但是當(dāng)這些詞與具體數(shù)字連 用時(shí)，則不用復(fù)數(shù)形式，如fivehundred;sixmillion【典例】1.______peoplearewaitingforthetrain.Theyalllookworried.A.hundredof B.hundreds C.hundred D.hundredsof2.Hello,LiJun!Howmanystudentsarethereinyourschool?Thereareabout_______students.A.threethousand B.threethousands C.threethousandof D.threethousands【考點(diǎn)12】Butwiththehelpofthewholenation,peopleinWenchuanarerebuildingtheirhomesnowandtheyarereturningtonormallife.但是在全國人民的幫助下，汶川人民正在重建家園，他們正在恢復(fù)正常的生活?！驹斀狻竣舧iththehelpof意為“在…的幫助下”?！就卣埂勘硎驹谀橙说膸椭拢cwithone’shelp同義。⑵return意為“歸還；返回”?！咀⒁狻縭eturn與goback/giveback同義?！镜淅?.Aftertherelaxingtripintheseaside,they_____normallife.A.cametoB.returnedtoC.returnedbackD.cameback2.____thehelpofourteacher,myEnglishismuchbetterthanbefore.A.UnderB.ByC.OnD.With【考點(diǎn)】形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)（一）比較級(jí)特殊句型句型“越，越”：The+比較級(jí)+（主+謂），the+比較級(jí)+（主+謂）.that/those指代用法例：TheweatherinFuzhouisbetterthanthatinBeijing.福州的天氣比北京的天氣好。Theapplesonthistreearebiggerthanthoseonthattree.這棵樹上的蘋果比那棵的蘋果大。（二）最高級(jí)特殊句型主+be+the+序數(shù)詞+adj最高級(jí)+(n.)+范圍.例：Kangkangisthesecondtallest(student)inourclass.康康是我們班第二高的(學(xué)生)。主+be+oneof+the+adj最高級(jí)+n(復(fù))+范圍.例：Heisoneofthebestteachersinmyschool.他是我們學(xué)校最好的老師之一。（三）最高級(jí)與比較級(jí)的轉(zhuǎn)換最高級(jí)的句子可以改寫為adj比較級(jí)+than+anyother+名詞單數(shù)；adj比較級(jí)+than+(the)other+名詞復(fù)數(shù).本話題出現(xiàn)的多音節(jié)形容詞的比較級(jí)與最高級(jí)原級(jí)usefulseriousdangerous比較級(jí)moreusefulmoreseriousmoredangerous最高級(jí)themostusefulthemostseriousthemostdangerous原級(jí)beautifulimportantterrible比較級(jí)morebeautifulmoreimportantmoreterrible最高級(jí)themostbeautifulthemostimportantthemostterrible【典例】一、單項(xiàng)選擇1．________peoplelosttheirhomesintheWenchuanearthquake.A．Fivemillions B．Fivemillion C．Fivemillionsof D．Fivemillionof2．—Hello,LiJun!Howmanystudentsarethereinyourschool?—Thereareabout________students.A．threethousand B．threethousands C．threethousandof D．threethousandsof3．—Whydoyoulikedoingshoppingonline?—Becauseit’s________cheaper.A．a(chǎn)little B．a(chǎn)few C．very D．more4．—Janefelldownandhurtherlegsyesterday.—________Shemustbecareful.A．Soundsgood! B．Sorrytohearthat. C．Don’tworry. D．You’rewelcome.5．—________asoccermatchonTVat7:40thisevening.—Great.Let’swatchitthen.A．Thereis B．Thereare C．Therebe D．Therewillbe6．—Didyou________thetrafficaccidentinJiefangStreetyesterday?—Yes,it’sterrible.Threepeoplediedinit.A．hearabout B．listento C．lookat D．thinkof7．—Whichwas________earthquakeinChina?—TheTangshanearthquake.A．serious B．moreserious C．mostserious D．themostserious8．Manywildanimalsare________,becausepeoplekillthemfortheirfurandmeat.A．onearth B．a(chǎn)tlast C．indanger D．infact9．—What’syour