2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語(yǔ)單元素養(yǎng)檢測(cè)三Unit3Theartofpainting含解析牛津譯林版選擇性必修第一冊(cè)

PAGE單元綜合檢測(cè)(三)第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題，每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AStudylampsarevitaltolearning.Findingthebestlightingforstudyisimportantforeveryone.Forthesakeofmaximizingtheuseoftimeandenergy，andfortheveryimportantgoalofpreservingeyesight，anyonereadingforunderstandingneedsnotonlyadequatelight，butlightthatensuresreadingwithease.Onlywheneyestrain(疲憊)isnotinterferingdoesthelearningprocessmoveforward.DesklampsYoucanpurchasealargenumberofstylishdesklampsfromlampstoresandonline.Theproductsrangefrompreciousonestocasualones，fromtraditionalonestoultra-modern(超現(xiàn)代的)ones.Theyfeaturesuchdesirableadditionsasdimmerswitchesandnightlights.SomehavebatterybackupincaseofpowerfailureandachoiceofOttLitebulbsthatduplicatenaturalsunlight.LEDdesklampsMetaEfficientreviewsthemostrecommendedLEDdesklamps.Theselampscomeinmanydifferentstylesandbrandnamesandarevaluedfortheirdirectedbeamoflight，lackofheatandexceptionalenergyefficiencyandbrilliance.LEDstudylampsaremadeingooseneckandswivel(轉(zhuǎn)圈)styles，aswellasthemoremodernZ-barandthehuman-like-figureoftheMoppellight.SafestdesklampsAccordingtoKnol，StudyLiteisthesafestofalldesklampdesigns.NotonlydoesitprovideLEDlight，freeingpeoplefromUVandIRradiation，butithasbeentestedtobeeye-friendly.Ithasalltheadvantages—lowcostandlonglife—ofanyLEDlamps，butitisalsoequippedwitharechargeablebattery.Itsdesignandchoiceofcolorsmakeitdesirableformorethanitsefficiency.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】學(xué)習(xí)燈至關(guān)重要。找到最佳的學(xué)習(xí)照明對(duì)每個(gè)人都很重要。本文主要給讀者介紹了3種最佳照明燈的信息。1．WhatisthefeatureofDesklamps?A．Theyareboughteasilyonline.B．Theirpricesvary.C．Theirstylesarevarious.D．Theyhavesatisfactoryadditions.D[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次部分的“Theyfeaturesuchdesirableadditionsasdimmerswitchesandnightlights.Somehavebatterybackupincaseofpowerfailure”可知，Desklamps的特點(diǎn)是它們有志向的附加功能。故選D項(xiàng)。]2．WhatdoLEDlampsandStudyLitelampshaveincommon?A．Lowcostandlonglife.B．Excellentenergyefficiencyandbrightness.C．Rechargeablebatteries.D．TheirdesignandcolorchoiceA[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)Safestdesklamps部分的“Ithasalltheadvantages—lowcostandlonglife—ofanyLEDlamps”可知，StudyLite具有全部LED燈的優(yōu)點(diǎn)——低成本和壽命長(zhǎng)。故選A項(xiàng)。]3．Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A．Togiveussometipsonhowtoprotectoureyes.B．Togiveussomeinformationonthebeststudylamps.C．Tointroducethemethodofchoosingaproperlamp.D．Topresentthefindingthatlightaffectsstudy.B[寫(xiě)作意圖題。依據(jù)文章的主要內(nèi)容，尤其是第一段的“Studylampsarevitaltolearning.Findingthebestlightingforstudyisimportantforeveryone.”可推想，本文的主要目的是給讀者供應(yīng)一些最佳照明燈的信息。故選B項(xiàng)。]BNoartisthasaffectedmodernartmorethanPabloPicasso.Thethousandsofmasterpieceshecreatedchangedthewaypeoplethoughtaboutart.Picassowasperhapsthemosttalentedandsuccessfulartistwhoeverlived.PabloRuizPicassowasbornin1881inasmalltownonthesoutherncoastofSpain.Hisfatherwasapainterwhotaughtart.Picassoshowedexceptionaltalentatanearlyageand，bythetimehewasinhisteens，paintedbetterthanhisfatheroranyofthelocalartteachers.Atsixteen，PicassowassenttotheRoyalAcademyofMadrid，wherestudentsdrewfromplastercastsandcopiedworksoftheoldmasters.Picassofelttheseassignmentswerepointlessandbegantoworkonhisown.Picasso'sfathersoonbecameangrywithhisson'srebelliousbehavior，longhair，andstrangeclothes.HebelievedthatPicassowaswastinghistalentandscoldedhim，“Whydon'tyoucutyourhairandpaintsensibly？”In1900，PicassoleftforParis—thenthecenteroftheartworld.Helivedinacold，run-downbuilding，paintingconstantly，sometimessurvivingfordaysononlyapieceofbread.Duringtheseyears，hisartreflectedhisdismal(凄涼的)surroundings.Homelessoutcastswerethesubjectofmanyofhisfairlyrealisticearlypaintings.AfterseeingAfricanmasksandsculptures，hisworksbecamemoresimplifiedandangularleadinguptotherevolutionarynewstyleknownasCubism.Picassodidn'tsellmuchofhisworksduringtheseearlyyears.OnMay8，1995，Picasso'sAngelFernandezdeSotowassoldatauctionfor$29million.ThenextdayBluePeriod，oneofhislaterworks，soldfor$5million.Butheworkedcontinuously，alwaysexperimentingwithdifferentstylesofpainting.ThoughPicassolivedtobeninety-twoandbecamethemostfamousartistintheworld，hespokeofhisyouthfuldaysinParisas“thehappiesttimeinmylife”．Asamatteroffact，everyoneknowsthatinhislateyears，Picassowasinordinatelyfrustratedabouthisage，deathandhislossofsexuality—that'sinallhisworks.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文主要講解并描述了畢加索的生平和畫(huà)作。4．Thispassagemainlydiscusses________．A．Picasso'sCubismasarevolutionarystyleinartB．PicassoasarebelandhisartC．Picasso'slifeandpaintinginParisD．Picasso'sinfluencesonthedevelopmentofmodernartB[通讀全文可知，本文主要講解并描述了有逆反心理的畢加索的生平和畫(huà)作，故選B。]5．PabloPicassoshowedunusualtalentforpainting________．A．inhisearlychildhoodB．inhisearlyteensC．a(chǎn)ttheageofsixteenD．whenhepaintedbetterthanthelocalartteachersB[依據(jù)其次段第三句可知，畢加索早在十幾歲時(shí)就呈現(xiàn)出了他的繪畫(huà)天賦，故選B。]6．PabloPicassostartedtorevealhisrebelliousspirit________．A．whenhewasachildB．inhisearlyteensC．whenhewasstudyingintheRoyalAcademyofMadridD．a(chǎn)fterhemovedtoParisC[依據(jù)其次段第四、五、六句可知，畢加索是在馬德里皇家學(xué)院學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)起先表現(xiàn)出叛逆的一面的，故選C。]7．WhatmarkssomethingofaturningpointinPicasso'scareerasanartist?A．ThosemiserablebutfruitfulyouthfuldaysinParis.B．Thoserealisticpaintingsreflectingdismalsocialsurroundings.C．TheinfluencesofmasksandsculpturescreatedbynativeAfricanartists.D．Experimentingwithnewdifferentstylesofpainting.C[依據(jù)其次段末句可知，畢加索在事業(yè)上的轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)是受到了非洲土著人創(chuàng)作的面具和雕塑的影響，故選C。]CIfirstcameacrosstheconceptofpay-what-you-cancaféslastsummerinBoone，N.C.，whereIateatF．A.R.M(FeedAllRegardlessofMeans)Café.Youcanvolunteertoearnyourmeal，paythesuggestedprice($10)orless，oryoucanoverpay—payingitforwardforafuturecustomer'smeal.Myonlyregretaftereatingtherewasnothavingachancetogivemytime.SoassoonasHealthyWorldCaféopenedinYorkinApril，Isignedupforavolunteershift(輪班)．F．A.R.MandHealthyWorldarepartofagrowingtrendofcommunitycafés.In2003，DeniseCerretaopenedthefirstinSaltLakeCity.CerretanowrunstheOneWorldEverybodyEatsFoundation，helpingotherscopyherpay-what-you-canmodel.“Ithinkthecommunitycaféistrulyahandup，notahandout，”Cerretasaid.Sheacknowledgedthatsoupkitchens(施粥所)haveaplaceinsociety，butpeopletypicallydon'tfeelgoodaboutgoingthere.“Oneofthevaluesofthecommunitycaféisthatwehaveanotherapproach，”shesaid.“Everyoneeatshere，nooneneedstoknowwhetheryouvolunteered，overpaidorunderpaid.”Thesuccessfulcafésnotonlyaddresshungerandfoodinsecuritybutalsobecomenecessarypartsoftheirneighborhood—whetherit'saplacetolearnskillsorhearlivemusic.Someteachcookingtoseniors;someofferfreeusedbooks.Eatingorworkingthereisareminderthatweareallinthisworldtogether.My10am～1pmshiftatWorldHealthyCafébeganwiththecafémanager—oneofthetwopaidstaffmembers.Ourvolunteercrewwasn'tthemostorderly，butwemanagedtoprepareandservemealswithalotoflaughsinbetween.Attheendofmyshift，Iorderedmyearnedmealatthecounter，togetherwithothervolunteers.Afterlunch，Iwalkedoutthedoor，withahandfulofnewfriends，musicinmyheadandasatisfiedbellyandheart.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】主要介紹了現(xiàn)在正在興起的社區(qū)餐館。8．WhatdidtheauthordoatF．A.R.MCafélastsummer?A．Sheenjoyedameal.B．Sheatefreeofcharge.C．Sheoverpaidforthefood.D．Sheworkedasavolunteer.A[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段的“whereIateatF．A.R.M(FeedAllRegardlessofMeans)Café”可知，作者在這個(gè)餐廳吃了頓飯，故選A。]9．Whatistheadvantageofcommunitycaféscomparedwithsoupkitchens?A．Peoplecanhavefreefood.B．Peoplecanmaintaintheirdignity.CPeoplecanstayaslongastheylike.D．Peoplecanfindtheirplacesinsociety.B[推理推斷題。由第四段的“Everyoneeatshere，nooneneedstoknowwhetheryouvolunteered，overpaidorunderpaid.”可知，每個(gè)人都在這里吃飯，沒(méi)人須要知道你來(lái)是自愿的，是付多了還是付少了。從而推知，社區(qū)餐館可以維護(hù)人們的尊嚴(yán)，故選B。]10．Whyarecommunitycafésbecomingpopularintheneighborhoods?A．Theybringpeopletruefriendships.B．Theyhelptobringpeopletogether.C．Theycreatealotofjobopportunities.D．Theysupportlocaleconomicdevelopment.B[推理推斷題。由第五段最終一句話(huà)“Eatingorworkingthereisareminderthatweareallinthisworldtogether.(在那里吃飯或工作提示我們，我們都共同在這個(gè)世界上。)”可推知，社區(qū)餐廳讓大家聯(lián)系更緊密，故選B。]11．HowdidtheauthorfeelaboutworkingatWorldHealthyCafé？A．Itpaidwell.B．Itchangedher.C．Itwasbeneficial.D．Itwaseasyforher.C[推理推斷題。由最終一段的“alotoflaughsinbetween”和“Afterlunch，Iwalkedoutthedoor，withahandfulofnewfriends，musicinmyheadandasatisfiedbellyandheart.”從充溢了笑聲和滿(mǎn)足的心情，可推知，作者很享受在WorldHealthyCafé的工作，故選C。]DToadvancewindturbine(汽輪機(jī)，渦輪機(jī))technologytomeettherequirementsofextremelyroughenvironmentslikethatonMars，AmespartneredwithNSF(theNationalScienceFoundation)andtheDepartmentofEnergy.“ItwasclearthatalotofthesamefeatureswerealsofoundinthecoldregionsoftheEarth，”saysBubenheim.“NASAtooktheleadershipontheteambecausewehadthelongest-termtechnology—aMarsturbine.”Yearsbefore，NSFhadworkedwithacompanycalledNorthernPowerSystems(NPS)，basedinBarre，Vermont，tobuilda3-kilowattwindturbineonBlackIslandoffthecoastofAntarctica.ThemainpurposeofthisturbinewastopowercommunicationstotheNSF'sSouthPolestation.In1993，AmesawardedthesamecompanyaSmallBusinessInnovationResearch(SBIR)contract(合同)toconstructasimilarwindturbineattheSouthPole.JonathanLynch，thechieftechnologyofficeratNPS，says“theSouthPolehaslesswindthanBlackIslandbutisevencolder”．“It'shardtohavesteelsthatworkinthosetemperatures，”hesays.“Thecoldaffectsthepartsandeverythinggetsextremelyfragile.Welookedatwhichmaterialswereappropriateforflexiblewires，irons，andsteels，andwhatlubrication(潤(rùn)滑)systemsweregoingtoworkandforwhattemperaturesoveralongperiodoftime.”In1997，NPSmadea3-kilowattturbineattheSouthPole，andthenbegandevelopinga100-kilowattturbinethatcouldfunctioninthesameextremeconditions.ThefirsttypesofthelargerturbineweresuccessfullydeployedinKotzebue，AlaskaandGolden，Colorado.“Theywerefullytestedinloadstomakesuretheyworked，andwethenbuiltalotofthem，”saysLynch.“By2000，thewindturbinetechnologyhadwonanR&D100AwardfromR&DMagazine，andsincethen，”saysBubenheim，“It'sbeencopiedandputinalotofplacesaroundtheglobe.”【語(yǔ)篇解讀】文章講解并描述了風(fēng)力渦輪機(jī)技術(shù)在寒冷氣候條件下的發(fā)展與應(yīng)用。12．Fromthefirstparagraph，wecaninferthat________．A．theteamwantedtobuildawindturbineusedonMarsB．MarsandtheEarthhavethesamefeaturesC．NASAplayedthemostimportantpartintheteamD．theteamwasmadeupofAmes，NSF，theDepartmentofEnergyandNASAC[推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段的“NASAtooktheleadershipontheteambecausewehadthelongest-termtechnology—aMarsturbine.”可知，NASA在團(tuán)隊(duì)中扮演了最重要的角色。故選C。]13．Whichofthefollowingisrightaccordingtothepassage?A．ThewindturbinetechnologywasinventedbyAmes.B．NPSmadewindturbinesforNSFandAmes.C．NSFandAmesbothusedthewindturbinesatthesameplace.D．ThewindturbinetechnologywasonlyusedinAmerica.B[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段的“Yearsbefore，NSFhadworkedwithacompanycalledNorthernPowerSystems(NPS)，basedinBarre，Vermont，tobuilda3-kilowattwindturbineonBlackIslandoffthecoastofAntarctica.”和“In1993，AmesawardedthesamecompanyaSmallBusinessInnovationResearch(SBIR)contracttoconstructasimilarwindturbineattheSouthPole.”可知，NPS為NSF和Ames公司制造風(fēng)力渦輪機(jī)，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。故選B。]14．What'sthemainideaofthethirdparagraph?A．TheSouthPolehasworseconditionsthantheBlackIsland.B．NPShadconfidencetobuildawindturbinefortheSouthPole.C．Thematerialsfortheturbineshavetostandtheextremecold.D．NPShadmorechallengesinbuildingawindturbinefortheSouthPole.D[主旨大意題。閱讀第三段內(nèi)容，并依據(jù)“It'shardtohavesteelsthatworkinthosetemperatures”和“Thecoldaffectsthepartsandeverythinggetsextremelyfragile.Welookedatwhichmaterialswereappropriateforflexiblewires，irons，andsteels，andwhatlubricationsystemsweregoingtoworkandforwhattemperaturesoveralongperiodoftime.”可知，第三段主要講解并描述NPS在為南極建立風(fēng)力渦輪機(jī)方面面臨著更多的挑戰(zhàn)。故選D。]15．Theword“deployed”inthefourthparagraphcanbereplacedby“________”．A．made B．inventedC．used D．a(chǎn)dvancedC[詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)畫(huà)線單詞后一句“Theywerefullytestedinloadstomakesuretheyworked，andwethenbuiltalotofthem”可推知，畫(huà)線單詞“deployed”在前一句的意思是“運(yùn)用”，這句話(huà)的意思是“第一種較大的渦輪機(jī)在阿拉斯加的科特澤布和科羅拉多州的戈?duì)柕莿倮\(yùn)用。”故選C。]其次節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtoprotectyourprivacywhenyoutravelIthasn'tbeenaneasyyearfortheprivacyoftravelers，atleastsofar.Dataleaks，surveillance(監(jiān)視)worriesandthosetroublesomecamerasinairplaneseatbacksandhotelroomsareenoughtomakepassengersanxious.16Fortunately，therearewaystosafeguardyourprivacyonlandandintheair.Thesetipscanhelpyoudealwiththesetroubles.17“It'snotclevertodeclareonFacebookthatyou'retravelingtosomewhere，remindingawiderangeofpeoplethatyourpropertyissittingempty，”saysDannyMcLoughlin.“Thatputsyoursecurityatrisk.”Waituntilyoureturntostartpostingvacationphotos.Somehomeownersrentingtheirresidencesmayinstallsecuritycameras.Travelersshouldfindoutifthehostsarerequiredtodisclosethepresenceofsurveillancedevices.Iftherentalcomeswithcameras，ensuretheyaren'tinasensitiveareabyconductingacarefulsweep.18Althoughyoucan'tcontrolhowahotelorairlinehandlesormishandlesyourdata，youcantakereasonablestepstoensuretheinformationithaswon'tgetyouintotrouble.19Butsomeoftheworstdataleakshappenwhenyou'restayingatahotel.Forexample，ahotelclerksometimesasksforyournameandthenannouncesyourroomnumberafteryou'vecheckedin.You'rebetteroffhandingtheemployeeyourIDwhenheorsheasksforyournameandaskingtheemployeetowriteyourroomnumberonapieceofpaper.Why？20Justtobesure，neverleavethecustomercopybehind.Youcandestroyitlater，butkeepitunderyourcontrol.A．It'sneverbeenbetter.B．Perhapstheyshouldbe.C．Travelerssaythey'retakingprivacyseriously.D．Neverbroadcastyourjourneyonsocialmedia.E．Thereareotherpeopleontheothersideofthewall.F．Sometravelersonlyofferthebareminimum，suchasaP.O.boxinsteadofahomeaddress.G．Reportanythingdoubtfultothehostimmediately—andifyoudon'tlikewhatyouhear,leave.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了旅行時(shí)如何愛(ài)護(hù)自己的隱私。數(shù)據(jù)泄露、監(jiān)視擔(dān)憂(yōu)以及飛機(jī)座椅靠背和酒店房間里那些麻煩的攝像頭足以讓乘客焦慮，就此作者給出了一些建議。16．B[依據(jù)前文“數(shù)據(jù)泄露、監(jiān)視擔(dān)憂(yōu)以及飛機(jī)座椅靠背和酒店房間里那些麻煩的攝像頭足以讓乘客焦慮”可知，B項(xiàng)Perhapstheyshouldbe.(或許他們應(yīng)當(dāng)如此。)符合文意。且選項(xiàng)B中的they與上句中的passengers呼應(yīng)，上句中的anxious也可以作選項(xiàng)B中be的表語(yǔ)。故選B。]17．D[依據(jù)后文“DannyMcLoughlin說(shuō)：‘在Facebook上宣布你要去某個(gè)地方旅行，提示許多人你的房子是空的，這并不聰慧’”可知，這段話(huà)講的是不要在社交媒體上發(fā)布你的旅程。D項(xiàng)Neverbroadcastyourjourneyonsocialmedia.(恒久不要在社交媒體上發(fā)布你的旅程。)符合文意。且選項(xiàng)D中的broadcast與段落中的declare呼應(yīng)。故選D。]18．G[依據(jù)前文“Iftherentalcomeswithcameras，ensuretheyaren'tinasensitiveareabyconductingacarefulsweep.”可知，假如房主配備了攝像頭，則應(yīng)進(jìn)行細(xì)致的清除，確保攝像頭不在敏感區(qū)域。選項(xiàng)G中含有if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句，且G項(xiàng)Reportanythingdoubtfultothehostimmediately—andifyoudon'tlikewhatyouhear,leave.(假如有任何可疑之處，請(qǐng)馬上向房主報(bào)告，假如你不喜愛(ài)你聽(tīng)到的，就離開(kāi)。)符合文意，故選G。]19．F[依據(jù)前文“Althoughyoucan'tcontrolhowahotelorairlinehandlesormishandlesyourdata，youcantakereasonablestepstoensuretheinformationithaswon'tgetyouintotrouble.”可知，雖然你無(wú)法限制酒店或航空公司如何處理或錯(cuò)誤處理你的數(shù)據(jù)，但你可以實(shí)行合理的措施確保這些信息不會(huì)給你帶來(lái)麻煩。F項(xiàng)Sometravelersonlyofferthebareminimum,suchasaP．O.boxinsteadofahomeaddress.(有些旅客只供應(yīng)最低限度的服務(wù)，例如郵政信箱，而不是家庭住址。)符合文意，故選F。]20．E[依據(jù)后文“Justtobesure,neverleavethecustomercopybehind.Youcandestroyitlater,butkeepitunderyourcontrol.”可知，為了平安起見(jiàn)，恒久不要把客戶(hù)的副本留在后面。你可以稍后摧毀它，但要讓它在你的限制之下。并且由空格前的Why可知，下句話(huà)應(yīng)說(shuō)明緣由。E項(xiàng)Thereareotherpeopleontheothersideofthewall.(墻的另一邊還有其他人。)符合文意，故選E。]其次部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。AsourEarth'stemperaturewarmsupbecauseofclimatechange，itishavingunexpectedeffectsonourworld'sforests.Whentemperaturesrise，treesclosetheirskinsto21thelossofwater，andthis，inturn，slowsdownthe22ofphotosynthesis(光合作用)．Asaresult，thesetreesareshorterandgrowslowly，aswellashavea23deathrate.Climatechangealsoincreasesthe24ofdroughtsandwildfires.Afterwildfires，ittakesawhilefortheforestsystemsto25，andinsomecases，theforestsare26permanently.Treesthatarestressedarealso27toattackbybacteria(細(xì)菌)．Intropicalforests，vinesthatusethetreesas28canoftenchokethetreesandrobthemofnutrients.Finally，humanshave29theforestlandscapethroughlogging.Whentreesarereplantedonthesoil，theywillnevergrowaslargeasthe30treesthatwerecutdown.Astheseforestsdisappear，speciesthatoncecalledthem“home”areforcedtochange，31thevarietyofthosesystems.32，someendangeredspeciesareunableto33anddie.Old-growthforestsaredisappearinginallregionsofourworld.Whenforestsdie，youngerforeststhatarereestablishedinthesameareagrowbackweakerandsmaller34poorvegetation.Withtreesdyingincreasinglyandcontinuously，willfuturegenerations35outonthewondersofforests?【語(yǔ)篇解讀】文章主要說(shuō)明白由于氣候變更，地球溫度上升，這對(duì)我們世界的森林產(chǎn)生了意想不到的影響。先是溫度上升導(dǎo)致樹(shù)木矮小，生長(zhǎng)緩慢，死亡率高；其次，氣候變更也增加了干旱和野火發(fā)生的可能性，野火導(dǎo)致了森林的消逝，因此以森林為“家”的物種被迫發(fā)生變更，甚至死亡。21．A.protect B．preventC．save D．freeB[依據(jù)后文thelossofwater可知樹(shù)木將樹(shù)葉閉合是為了阻擋水分的流失。故選B。]22．A.movement B．situationC．process D．operationC[結(jié)合上下文語(yǔ)境，樹(shù)木閉合了樹(shù)葉來(lái)防止水分流失，這反過(guò)來(lái)又減緩了光合作用的進(jìn)程(process)。故選C。]23．A.higher B．firmerC．lighter D．smallerA[依據(jù)上文thesetreesareshorterandgrowslowly可知這些樹(shù)木矮小，生長(zhǎng)緩慢，所以死亡率也會(huì)更高了。故選A。]24．A.choice B．measureC．qualification D．chanceD[依據(jù)后文Afterwildfires可知全球氣溫上升增加了干旱和野火發(fā)生的可能性。故選D。]25．A.grow B．rescueC．recover D．declineC[結(jié)合上文Afterwildfires，ittakesawhilefortheforestsystemsto可知野火焚燒了森林之后，森林系統(tǒng)須要時(shí)間才能復(fù)原。故選C。]26．A.ignored B．lostC．hurt D．leftB[結(jié)合上文可知野火焚燒了森林，森林須要時(shí)間來(lái)復(fù)原，但是在某些狀況下，森林也可能不能復(fù)原了。故選B。]27．A.accessible B．enjoyableC．a(chǎn)cceptable D．favorableA[依據(jù)后文toattackbybacteria可知樹(shù)木也簡(jiǎn)單受到細(xì)菌的攻擊。短語(yǔ)beaccessibleto“簡(jiǎn)單進(jìn)入的，簡(jiǎn)單接近的”。故選A。]28．A.attention B．commandC．trust D．supportD[結(jié)合上文vinesthatusethetreesas可知藤本植物是以樹(shù)木為支撐的，故選D。]29．A.frightened B．paidC．ruined D．wastedC[結(jié)合后文theforestlandscapethroughlogging可知人類(lèi)伐木毀壞了森林景觀。故選C。]30．Amon B．originalC．distant D．strongB[結(jié)合后文treesthatwerecutdown可知此處指的是，人們新種植的樹(shù)木，不會(huì)長(zhǎng)得像原來(lái)被砍伐的樹(shù)那么大了。故選B。]31．A.affecting B．improvingC．forgetting D．reflectingA[承接上文Astheseforestsdisappear，speciesthatoncecalledthem“home”areforcedtochange可知森林的消逝，變更了這些物種，也影響了這些物種的多樣性。故選A。]32．A.Besides B．SurprisinglyC．Otherwise D．UnfortunatelyD[依據(jù)后文someendangeredspeciesareunableto可知不幸的是某些物種，無(wú)法適應(yīng)這些變更，只能死亡。故選D。]33．A.devote B．keepC．a(chǎn)dapt D．leadC[依據(jù)上文speciesthatoncecalledthem“home”areforcedtochange可知物種被迫發(fā)生變更了，而某些物種無(wú)法適應(yīng)，只能死去。故選C。]34．A.dueto B．inadditiontoC．insteadof D．inspiteofA[依據(jù)后文poorvegetation可知此處指年輕森林由于(dueto)植被稀疏，而變得更弱更小。故選A。]35．A.pass B．missC．break D．bringB[結(jié)合后文outonthewondersofforests可知此處指錯(cuò)過(guò)森林的奇跡。短語(yǔ)missout“錯(cuò)過(guò)”。故選B。]其次節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Areyoucrazyabouttraveling?Doyouhavethedreamof36.________(go)aroundtheworld?Haveyoueverfailedinstartingyourjourneyforthereasonoftimeandmoney?Comeon!Forgetallyourconfusionandgiveyourself37.________opportunitytorealizeyourdream!Let'sgoontravelingbetweenthelines，38.________willsurelytouchyoursoul!Wewillguideyouinseekingforthehappydestinationintheworldwhichareseldomknowntoothers.Thoughalone，youcanenjoyyourtravelin39.________(silent)whilethinkingquietly.Beinginterested40.________lifeandthesceneryofanothercountry，sofartheauthor41.________(travel)aroundtheworldandappreciatedtheuniquebeautyofthose42.________(country)withhisownmindfromJapantoNepal，fromIndiatoEastTimor，fromCubatoVenezuela.Followingus，youwillbe43.________(amaze)atthewonderfulscenery!Afterhavingtakenmanyjourneys，yourdreamoftravelingaroundtheworldwillsurelycometrue.Most44.________(important)，youshouldnevermissanyopportunity45.________(realize)yourdream.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】文章介紹了一種特別的旅游方式——通過(guò)閱讀的方式周游世界，實(shí)現(xiàn)你的環(huán)游世界的幻想。36．going[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：你有環(huán)游世界的幻想嗎？上文of為介詞，后跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。故填going。]37．a(chǎn)n[考查冠詞。opportunity為可數(shù)名詞，此處表示泛指應(yīng)用不定冠詞，且opportunity為元音音素開(kāi)頭的單詞應(yīng)用an。故填an。]38．which[考查定語(yǔ)從句。此處為非限定性定語(yǔ)從句修飾上文整個(gè)句子，且從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which。故填which。]39．silence[考查名詞。句意：即使是一個(gè)人，你也可以一邊靜靜地思索，一邊享受你的旅行。結(jié)合句意表示“寧?kù)o地”短語(yǔ)為insilence。故填silence。]40．in[考查介詞。句意：由于對(duì)國(guó)外的生活和風(fēng)景很感愛(ài)好，目前作者已經(jīng)游歷了世界各地，從日本到尼泊爾，從印度到東帝汶，從古巴到委內(nèi)瑞拉，用自己的心靈觀賞了這些國(guó)家的獨(dú)特之美。結(jié)合句意表示“對(duì)……感愛(ài)好”短語(yǔ)為beinterestedin。故填in。]41．hastraveled[考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。依據(jù)sofar“到目前為止”可知應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語(yǔ)為author，故助動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用has。故填hastraveled。]42．countries[考查名詞的數(shù)。country為可數(shù)名詞，由those修飾應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填countries。]43．a(chǎn)mazed[考查形容詞。句意：跟著我們走，你會(huì)對(duì)這里的美景驚羨不已！結(jié)合句意表示“某人驚異于”短語(yǔ)為sb.beamazedat。故填amazed。]44．importantly[考查副詞。修飾后文的句子應(yīng)用副詞importantly，表示“重要地”。故填importantly。]45．torealize[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：最重要的是，你不能錯(cuò)過(guò)任何實(shí)現(xiàn)幻想的機(jī)會(huì)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知realize在句中應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式，本句中修飾名詞opportunity作后置定語(yǔ)應(yīng)用不定式。故填torealize。]第三部分寫(xiě)作(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分40分)第一節(jié)(滿(mǎn)分15分)請(qǐng)依據(jù)下列提示寫(xiě)一篇80詞左右的英語(yǔ)短文，介紹中國(guó)畫(huà)家徐悲鴻。要點(diǎn)提示：1．徐悲鴻1895年誕生于江蘇省；2．六歲跟隨父親學(xué)習(xí)畫(huà)畫(huà)，9歲起先畫(huà)國(guó)畫(huà)；3．他以中國(guó)水墨畫(huà)馬和鳥(niǎo)而著名；4．最早創(chuàng)作具有史詩(shī)般中國(guó)主題的巨幅油畫(huà)的人之一。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【參考范文】XuBeihongwasborninJiangsuProvincein1895.Hebeganlearningdrawingfromhisfatherwhenhewassix，andChinesepaintingwhenhewasnine.HeisprimarilyknownforhisChineseinkpaintingsofhorsesandbirds.HewasregardedasoneofthefirsttocreatemonumentaloilpaintingswithepicChinesethemes—ashowofhishighproficiencyinanessentialWesternarttechnique.其次節(jié)(滿(mǎn)分25分)閱讀下面材料，依據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。ThebigTownHallclockwasstrikingmidnightwhenFrankbegantocrossthebridge.Thedarknightairwascoldandalittlewet，andthestreetlampsgavelittlelight.Frankwasanxioustogethomeandhisfootstepsrangloudlyonthesilentnight.Whenhereachedthemiddleofthebridge，hethoughthecouldhearsomeonecomingnearbehindhim.Helookedbackbutcouldseenoone.However，thesoundcontinuedandFrankbegantowalkmorequickly.Thenhesloweddownagain，thinkingtherewasnothingtofearinatownasquietasthis.Justthen，heheardshort，quickstepscloselybehindhim.Bythetimehereachedtheothersideofthebridge，hecouldalmostfeelsomeoneathisheels.Heturnedroundandtherestoodamaninalargecoat.Ahatwaspulleddownoverhiseyesandverylittleofhisfacecouldbeseen.Franksaidsomethingabouttheweatherinanefforttobefriendly.Themand