2024屆山東省青島市高三下學(xué)期第二次模擬考試英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山東省青島市2024屆高三下學(xué)期第二次模擬考試英語試題第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheHSKisaglobally-runstandardizedtestofChineselanguageabilityfornon-nativespeakers.Whetheryouseektoensurequalificationsforscholarshipsorgainanadvantageinthejobmarketorarelatedacademicfield,anHSKpasswillserveyouwell.But,ofcourse,manylearnersalsofindanexamtobeanexcellentsourceofmotivation!WorkingwiththeChineseTestingCentre,wearedelightedtoannouncethatourInstitutewillcontinuetoofferopportunitiesforinterestedcandidatestosit2024HSKExamswhichwillbein-personexamsonly.ThenextofflineexamwilltakeplaceonSunday,19May.PleasevisitHSKExamsOfficialPagetoregister.Arecentpassportphotoisrequiredwhencompletingtheregistrationform.Astandard2-inchidentificationphotonolargerthan100kbmustbesenttoinfo@confuciusinstitute.ac.ukafteryouregistertheexamonline.Youradmissionticketcanbeprintedintheexamregistrationsystemaftertheregistrationcloses.Ontheexamdate,youMUSTbringyouradmissionticketandtheidentificationdocument,oryouwillnotbeabletosittheexamontheday.ExaminationFees:HSKofflineHSK1HSK2HSK3HSK4HSK5HSK6Standard￡10.00￡20.00￡30.00￡40.00￡50.00￡60.00Pleasenotethatifyouwanttobookmorethanoneexamlevel,youneedtogothroughthebookingprocessforeachitemyouwishtobookandpaycorrespondingly.Forpostageandpacking,extra￡3.00isrequiredforeachlevel.1.WhatbenefitwillanHSKpassbring?A.Qualifyingforscholarships. B.Gettingadreamjob.C.Havingacademicexchange. D.Improvingexaminationskills.2.WhatisanecessitywhenyouregisterfortheHSK?A.Arecentpassportphoto. B.Astandard2-inchIDphoto.C.Aprintedadmissionticket. D.Anidentificationdocument.3.HowmuchdoyoupayifyouwanttobookHSK3andHSK4withpostageandpacking?A.￡33.00. B.￡43.00. C.￡70.00. D.￡76.00.〖答案〗1.A2.A3.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了2024年HSK漢語水平考試的報(bào)名信息、考試要求及費(fèi)用詳情，強(qiáng)調(diào)了考試對非母語者的益處與動(dòng)機(jī)作用?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Whetheryouseektoensurequalificationsforscholarshipsorgainanadvantageinthejobmarketorarelatedacademicfield,anHSKpasswillserveyouwell.(無論你是想確保獲得獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金的資格，還是想在就業(yè)市場或相關(guān)學(xué)術(shù)領(lǐng)域獲得優(yōu)勢，HSK通行證都會(huì)很好地為你服務(wù))”可知，HSK通行證會(huì)讓你有資格獲得獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“PleasevisitHSKExamsOfficialPagetoregister.Arecentpassportphotoisrequiredwhencompletingtheregistrationform.(請?jiān)L問HSK考試官方頁面進(jìn)行注冊。填寫登記表時(shí)需要護(hù)照近照)”可知，報(bào)名時(shí)需要近期的護(hù)照照片。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)費(fèi)用部分，HSK3的費(fèi)用是￡30.00，HSK4的費(fèi)用是￡40.00，以及最后一段的“Forpostageandpacking,extra￡3.00isrequiredforeachlevel.(郵費(fèi)和包裝費(fèi)，每層需額外支付3.00英鎊)”可知，再加上每級郵寄和包裝的額外費(fèi)用￡3.00（共兩次），所以總費(fèi)用為：30+40+3+3=￡76.00。故選D。BWhenChui-LianLeeandValentinaGomezstartedontheiracademicjourneysastextile(織物)developingandmarketingmajorsattheFashionInstituteofTechnology,theywereeagertolearnmoreabouttheclothingindustry.Someofthethingstheyendeduplearningshockedthem.Theyfoundoutthatroughly11milliontonsoftextilewasteendupinlandfilleachyear,andthechemicalsandgasesthatemergeduringdecompositionpollutetheearth.Everysingleclassthattheyjoined,they’dgothroughtheimpactsandit’dbelike,“Okay,cottonhasthislargeofawaterfootprintandpeopleareturningtoorganiccotton,butthat’snotreallyasolutionbecauseofthesereasons.”O(jiān)r“Peoplearelookingatrecycledpolyester(滌綸)butthat’snotgreatbecauseitstillreleasesmicroplastics.”Aseverysolutiontheylearnedaboutcamewithdrawbacks,theybothwoundupfeelingreallyfrustrated.Itwasn’tuntilthetwojoinedaclassontheapplicationofbiotechnologytothemanufacturingofclothingthattheyrealizedtherecouldbeamoreenvironmentallyfriendlyoptionforthefashionindustry.LeeandGomezlearnedthattheycouldusespeciallyengineeredproteinstocreateafiberthatavoidsplasticsanddegrades(分解)naturally,andthentheideaforWerewoolwasborn.“Bychanginghowwearecreatingthefibersthatmakeupourclothing,wecanchangetheentirelifecycleofourclothingandtheirend-of-lifeimpactsontheenvironment,avoidingpollutionfromplastics,”Leeexplains.Theearly-stagebiotechcompanyfocusingondevelopingbiodegradablefibersforthetextileindustryinitiallystartedasaresearchprojectthatinvolvedmanysleeplessnightsinthelab.AfterwinningtheH&MGlobalChangeAwardin2020,theprojectlaunchedintoacompany.Overfouryearsand4.5milliondollarsinfundinglater,Werewoolnowhas12employeesandhasbegunworkingwithbrandstodevelopclothingoutoftheirprotein-basedfibers,withthehopeoflaunchingproductsin2025.By2030,125,000tonsoffiberisexpectedtoenterthemarket,whichisabout390millionshirts.“Ourgoalhasalwaysbeentomakethefashionindustryfriendlytonature,”saysLee.4.WhatsurprisedLeeandGomezwhentheylearnedabouttheclothingindustry?A.Awiderangeoftextilesareproducedeveryyear.B.Therearemanypoisonouschemicalsinclothing.C.Clothingindustrybringsharmtotheenvironment.D.Thetextilewasteisquitedifficulttobreakdown.5.Whyareorganiccottonandrecycledpolyestermentioned?A.Topresentfeaturesoforganicclothing.B.Tointroducemethodsofrecyclingtextilewaste.C.Toshowthey’renotgoodoptionsforsustainability.D.Toexplainitisessentialtoreducethewaterfootprint.6.WhatcanwelearnaboutWerewoolaccordingtothepassage?A.Ithasabrightprospect. B.Itfundsresearchontextilewaste.C.Itprovestobehighlyprofitable. D.Itpioneersinplasticsdecomposition.7.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.WerewoolMakesFashionGreenB.BreakthroughsinAppliedBiotechnologyC.LeeandGomez’sAcademicJourneysD.NewProtein-basedFibersHittheMarket〖答案〗4.C5.C6.A7.A【語篇解讀】本文為一篇說明文，講述了Chui-LianLee和ValentinaGomez創(chuàng)立了Werewool公司，它致力于開發(fā)可生物降解的纖維，使時(shí)尚更環(huán)保?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Someofthethingstheyendeduplearningshockedthem.Theyfoundoutthatroughly11milliontonsoftextilewasteendupinlandfilleachyear,andthechemicalsandgasesthatemergeduringdecompositionpollutetheearth.(他們最終學(xué)到的一些東西震驚了他們。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，每年大約有1100萬噸紡織垃圾被填埋，在分解過程中產(chǎn)生的化學(xué)物質(zhì)和氣體污染了地球)”可知，當(dāng)Lee和Gomez知道服裝業(yè)給環(huán)境帶來危害時(shí)，他們很驚訝。故選C。【5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Everysingleclassthattheyjoined,they’dgothroughtheimpactsandit’dbelike,“Okay,cottonhasthislargeofawaterfootprintandpeopleareturningtoorganiccotton,butthat’snotreallyasolutionbecauseofthesereasons.”O(jiān)r“Peoplearelookingatrecycledpolyester(滌綸)butthat’snotgreatbecauseitstillreleasesmicroplastics.”Aseverysolutiontheylearnedaboutcamewithdrawbacks,theybothwoundupfeelingreallyfrustrated.(他們參加的每一堂課，都會(huì)經(jīng)歷這些影響，他們會(huì)說，“好吧，棉花有這么大的水足跡，人們正在轉(zhuǎn)向有機(jī)棉花，但由于這些原因，這并不是一個(gè)真正的解決方案?！被蛘摺叭藗冋诳紤]回收聚酯，但這并不好，因?yàn)樗匀粫?huì)釋放微塑料?！币?yàn)樗麄兞私獾拿總€(gè)解決方案都有缺點(diǎn)，所以他們都感到非常沮喪。)”可知，文章提到有機(jī)棉花和回收聚酯是為了證明它們不是可持續(xù)發(fā)展的好選擇。故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“LeeandGomezlearnedthattheycouldusespeciallyengineeredproteinstocreateafiberthatavoidsplasticsanddegrades(分解)naturally,andthentheideaforWerewoolwasborn.“Bychanginghowwearecreatingthefibersthatmakeupourclothing,wecanchangetheentirelifecycleofourclothingandtheirend-of-lifeimpactsontheenvironment,avoidingpollutionfromplastics,”Leeexplains.(李和戈麥斯了解到，他們可以使用特殊工程蛋白來制造一種纖維，這種纖維可以避免塑料，并且可以自然降解，于是，Werewool誕生了。李解釋說:“通過改變我們制造服裝纖維的方式，我們可以改變服裝的整個(gè)生命周期以及它們的壽命結(jié)束對環(huán)境的影響，避免塑料污染?！?”可知，Werewool前景廣闊。故選A?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章全文尤其是第三段“LeeandGomezlearnedthattheycouldusespeciallyengineeredproteinstocreateafiberthatavoidsplasticsanddegrades(分解)naturally,andthentheideaforWerewoolwasborn.(李和戈麥斯了解到，他們可以使用特殊工程蛋白來制造一種纖維，這種纖維可以避免塑料，并且可以自然降解，于是，Werewool誕生了。)”可知，本文主要講述了Chui-LianLee和ValentinaGomez創(chuàng)立了Werewool公司，它致力于開發(fā)可生物降解的纖維，使時(shí)尚更環(huán)保。A選項(xiàng)“Werewool讓時(shí)尚更環(huán)?！边m合作為本文標(biāo)題。故選A。CQuietParksInternational(QPI)havegoteveryreasontoawardQuietTrailtotheNiobraraNationalScenicRiverthisyear,makingittheotherQuietTrailintheworldafterCuifengLakeTrail,Taiwan.KalliKieborz,DirectorofNiobraraCouncil,receivedtheawardfortheirassistanceinmanagingandprotectingitsnaturalresources,includingnaturalquiet,since1997.ThisAwardconcludedatwo-yearprocessthatincludedexploringthefulllengthoftherivertocollectqualitativeandquantitativeacoustic(聽覺的)data.GordonHempton,cofounderofQPI,stated,“Ourtestingprocessisveryexact.Beyondcollectingstandardacousticdata,eachteammembermustagreeunhesitatinglythatnaturalquietexistedthroughoutthetestingperiod.Theriver’ssplendidgeologiclandscape,unusualatmosphericconditionsandoutstandingwildlifeallcontributedtoapositiveoutcome.”TheNiobraraRiverisnotableforitsbeauty,ecologicalimportance,andrecreationalappealinthenorthernGreatPlains,U.S..SixmajorecosystemsmeetintheNiobraraNationalScenicRivervalley,resultinginaspecialmixofmorethan160plantandanimalspecies.“Itisfilledwithunique,evenone-of-a-kindopportunitiesforthecuriousandadventurousvisitors,”saidJohnRicks,NebraskaTourismdirector.“97%oftheU.S.populationfacesnoisepollutionfromsourceslikeflightsandhighways.Infact,themorequietwehave,themorewecanseeandhearabouttheworld,sowearethrilledtobeabletoofferitatNiobraraNationalScenicRiver.Fromaquietstarrynighttopeacefulnaturalescapes,ituncoverswhatcannotbeenjoyedinmanyotherplaces,”statedSusanCook,anotherdirector.AreasliketheNiobraraNationalScenicRiverofferanopportunitytoshowcasequiet,unspoiledareasinanoisyworld.Today,aspeople’slifeisoverloadedwithnoise,theintentionalseeking-outofquietareasisontheriseandwithit,theopportunitytoengagenewtravelersinvisitingthebeautiful,yetstilllargelyhiddentreasureofthewild.8.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthetestingprocess?A.Flexible. B.Reliable. C.Simple. D.Loose.9.Whatisaconsequenceofecosystemsmeetinginthevalley?A.Ecologyimbalance. B.Biodiversityenrichment.C.Speciescompetition. D.Tourismboost.10.WhatdoesSusanCookhighlightinparagraph4?A.Thejoyofwinningtheaward. B.Theoutcomeofnoisepollution.C.Theactivitiesofenjoyingquiet. D.Thevalueofnaturalquiet.11.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Tocalloneffortstoreconnectwithnature.B.Toinformtherecognitionofaquietriver.C.Todisplaythechallengesofprotectingecosystem.D.Tostresstheneedtoescapebusynessofmodernlife.〖答案〗8.B9.B10.D11.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道，主要介紹了美國內(nèi)布拉斯加州的一條河流獲得了“安靜公園國際組織”頒發(fā)的“安靜小徑獎(jiǎng)”，并介紹了這條河流的特點(diǎn)和價(jià)值?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Ourtestingprocessisveryexact.(我們的測試過程非常精確。)”可知測試過程非常精確，可推理出這個(gè)測試過程是非?？煽康摹９蔬xB?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“SixmajorecosystemsmeetintheNiobraraNationalScenicRivervalley,resultinginaspecialmixofmorethan160plantandanimalspecies.(六個(gè)主要的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)在尼歐布拉拉國家風(fēng)景河流域交匯，形成了一個(gè)由160多種動(dòng)植物組成的特殊混合體。)”可知，生態(tài)系統(tǒng)在山谷中的交匯導(dǎo)致了生物多樣性的豐富。故選B?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段中“Fromaquietstarrynighttopeacefulnaturalescapes,ituncoverswhatcannotbeenjoyedinmanyotherplaces(從寧靜的星空夜晚到寧靜的自然逃亡，它揭示了在許多其他地方無法享受的東西)”可知，SusanCook強(qiáng)調(diào)了自然安靜的價(jià)值。故〖答案〗為D?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“QuietParksInternational(QPI)havegoteveryreasontoawardQuietTrailtotheNiobraraNationalScenicRiverthisyear,makingittheotherQuietTrailintheworldafterCuifengLakeTrail,Taiwan.(安靜公園國際組織（QPI）有充分的理由將安靜小徑獎(jiǎng)授予尼歐布拉拉國家風(fēng)景河流，使其成為繼臺(tái)灣翠峰湖小徑之后世界上另一條安靜小徑。)”可知，作者寫這篇文章的目的是為了告知一條安靜的河流獲得了認(rèn)可。故選B。DOnedayItypedintoChatGPTallaboutmyupsetfeelingsanditinstantlyresponded,offeringalistofpracticaladvice.NowadaysmillionsofpeoplearealreadyturningtoChatGPTandspecialisttherapy(治療)chatbotsforconvenientandinexpensivementalhealthsupport.Someexpertssaythisisaboon.Afterall,AI,undisturbedbyembarrassmentandburnout,mightbeabletoexpressempathy(同理心)moreopenlyandtirelesslythanhumans.Butothersworryabouttheconsequencesofpeopleseekingemotionalsupportfrommachinesthatcanonlypretendtocare.Someevenwonderiftheriseofso-calledempatheticAImightchangethewayweinteractwithoneanother.Indeed,empathyisoneofourspecies’definingqualities,developingasitdidinpacewithsocialinteraction.Onerecentanalysisaboutempathylookedat52studiespublishedbetween1980and2019,whichshowsthattheempathisermustfirstbeabletorecognizehowtheotherpersonisfeeling.Theymustalsobeaffectedbythoseemotionsanddifferentiatebetweenthemselvesandtheotherperson,graspingthattheotherperson’sfeelingsaren’ttheirownwhilestillbeingabletoimaginetheirexperience.Onthefirstpoint,inrecentyears,AI-poweredchatbotshavemadeprogressintheirabilitytoreadhumanemotions,mostpoweredbylargelanguagemodels(LLMs)thatworkbypredictingwhichwordsaremostlikelytoappeartogetherbasedontrainingdata.Inthisway,LLMslikeChatGPTcanseeminglyidentifyourfeelingsandrespondappropriatelymostofthetime.Butwhenitcomestotheothercriteria,AIstillmissesthemarkinmanyways.Empathyisinterpersonal,withcontinuedfeedbackhelpingtoperfecttheempathiser’sresponse,whichalsorequiressomedegreeofintuitive(直覺的)awarenessofanindividualandtheirsituation.AllofthishelpstoexplainconversationsliketheonesIhadwithChatGPT.Attheendoftheday,despitetalkingtomultiplechatbotsonline,IdidwhatIknewIhadtodoallalong:Ipickedupmyphoneandcalledafriend.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“boon”inparagraph2mean?A.Trap. B.Prize. C.Blessing. D.Challenge.13.Whatdoestherecentanalysisshowaboutempathy?A.Itcallsforclearcommunication. B.Itstartswithemotionidentification.C.Itrulesoutindividualdifference. D.Itdependsonrichimagination.14.WhatcanAIdoaccordingtoparagraph4?A.Providedata-drivenfeedback. B.Recognizeone’srealdesire.C.Updatelargelanguagemodels. D.Predictone’sbehaviorbyintuition.15.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofChatGPT?A.Itsdevelopmentshouldbespedup.B.Itsintelligenceiswinningmorefavor.C.Itsapplicationshouldbestrictlymanaged.D.Itsartificialkindnessisnomatchforhumans’.〖答案〗12.C13.B14.A15.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了AI聊天機(jī)器人在提供心理支持方面的利弊，以及與人類真正同理心的差距?！?2題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段的“Afterall,AI,undisturbedbyembarrassmentandburnout,mightbeabletoexpressempathy(同理心)moreopenlyandtirelesslythanhumans.(畢竟，人工智能不受尷尬和倦怠的影響，可能比人類更公開、更不知疲倦地表達(dá)同理心)”可知，這里提到人工智能因?yàn)椴皇軐擂魏推v的影響，可能在表達(dá)同理心上比人類更開放、不知疲倦，因此對于某些專家來說，這是人工智能在心理健康支持方面的優(yōu)勢，是一種好事。所以boon在這里意為“好事，益處”。故選C。【13題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Onerecentanalysisaboutempathylookedat52studiespublishedbetween1980and2019,whichshowsthattheempathisermustfirstbeabletorecognizehowtheotherpersonisfeeling.(最近一項(xiàng)關(guān)于移情的分析對1980年至2019年間發(fā)表的52項(xiàng)研究進(jìn)行了研究，結(jié)果表明，移情者必須首先能夠識(shí)別對方的感受)”可知，關(guān)于同理心的最近分析表明，同理心的首要條件是能夠識(shí)別另一個(gè)人的感受。故選B。【14題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“Onthefirstpoint,inrecentyears,Al-poweredchatbotshavemadeprogressintheirabilitytoreadhumanemotions,mostpoweredbylargelanguagemodels(LLMs)thatworkbypredictingwhichwordsaremostlikelytoappeartogetherbasedontrainingdata.

Inthisway,LLMslikeChatGPTcanseeminglyidentifyourfeelingsandrespondappropriatelymostofthetime.(關(guān)于第一點(diǎn)，近年來，Al驅(qū)動(dòng)的聊天機(jī)器人在讀取人類情緒的能力方面取得了進(jìn)展，最有力的是大型語言模型（LLM），該模型通過根據(jù)訓(xùn)練數(shù)據(jù)預(yù)測哪些單詞最有可能出現(xiàn)在一起。這樣，像ChatGPT這樣的LLM似乎可以識(shí)別我們的感受，并在大多數(shù)時(shí)候做出適當(dāng)?shù)姆磻?yīng))”可知，人工智能如ChatGPT能夠識(shí)別我們的情感并做出適當(dāng)?shù)姆磻?yīng)，這是基于大量語言模型對數(shù)據(jù)的預(yù)測能力，即能夠提供數(shù)據(jù)驅(qū)動(dòng)的反饋。故選A?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“Butwhenitcomestotheothercriteria,AIstillmissesthemarkinmanyways.Empathyisinterpersonal,withcontinuedfeedbackhelpingtoperfecttheempathiser’sresponse,whichalsorequiressomedegreeofintuitive(直覺的)awarenessofanindividualandtheirsituation.(但當(dāng)談到其他標(biāo)準(zhǔn)時(shí)，人工智能在許多方面仍然沒有達(dá)到目標(biāo)。移情是一種人際關(guān)系，持續(xù)的反饋有助于完善移情者的反應(yīng)，這也需要對個(gè)人及其處境有一定程度的直覺意識(shí))”以及最后一段的“Attheendoftheday,despitetalkingtomultiplechatbotsonline,IdidwhatIknewIhadtodoallalong:Ipickedupmyphoneandcalledafriend.(一天結(jié)束時(shí)，盡管我在網(wǎng)上與多個(gè)聊天機(jī)器人交談，但我還是做了我一直知道必須做的事：拿起手機(jī)給一個(gè)朋友打了電話)”可知，作者在與多個(gè)聊天機(jī)器人交談后，最終還是選擇給朋友打電話尋求情感支持。這表明，雖然ChatGPT能提供一定的幫助，但在作者看來，它的人工善意仍然不能與真實(shí)的人類情感交流相比。由此可推知，作者認(rèn)為它的人工善意無法與人類的相比。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。It’sfairtosaythatmanyparentsfocusalotofenergy—andworry!—onprotectingtheirsmallkidsfromriskysituations.Butthispastweekend,reporterEllenBarrypublishedapieceaboutagrowingmovementinBritain:peoplearebringingriskintotheplaygroundexperience.____16____Itcontrastswithshelteringkidswiththelessdemandingfacilitiestypicalofplaygrounds.AsBarryputsit,includinglimitedriskintoourkids’playtimemaybetakingasteptowardhealthierchilddevelopment.HecitesasignpostedoutsidethePrincessDianaPlaygroundinLondon’sKensingtonGardens.____17____Theyareintentionallyprovided,sothatyourkidscandevelopanappreciationofriskinacontrolledplayenvironment.____18____CommunitiesinAustralia,Canada,andSwedenaremakingsimilarchangestotheirplaygrounds.Theywantkidstolearnandgrowbyfacingchallengestheycanhandle,Barryreports.Controlledriskatplaytime—where,afterall,thechildrenarestillunderclosesupervision(監(jiān)護(hù))—wouldseemagoodadditiontothefree-rangechildmovement.Inthatinitiative,it’ssuggestedthatfree-rangekidstakewalksinnatureorridepublictransportationontheirown.____19____Besides,consideringchilddevelopmentfromanevolutionary(進(jìn)化的)viewoffersmorebacking.Ourlongjourneythroughtimeandnaturehasmadeuswhowearetoday,withbehaviors,thoughtsandbodiesshaped.____20____Lookingatthisbiggerpicturehelpsusunderstandwhypeoplemakesuchachoice.A.Kidslearnbestwhileplaying.B.Moreexplorationisexpected.C.Itsaysit’sokayforkidstotakesomerisks.D.Limited-riskplaygroundsbegintocatchon.E.Theideaistohelpkidsbecometoughandstrong.F.Generally,theyareencouragedtogetoutsideandacquireindependentskills.G.Itisthereforeimportanttoletkidsdothingsthatmatchhowtheynaturallygrow.〖答案〗16.E17.C18.D19.F20.G【語篇解讀】本文為一篇說明文，文章介紹了英國一項(xiàng)正在發(fā)展的運(yùn)動(dòng)——人們正在把風(fēng)險(xiǎn)代入游樂場體驗(yàn)的影響及人們對此的看法?！?6題詳析】前文“Butthispastweekend,reporterEllenBarrypublishedapieceaboutagrowingmovementinBritain:peoplearebringingriskintotheplaygroundexperience.(但就在剛剛過去的這個(gè)周末，記者艾倫·巴里發(fā)表了一篇文章，內(nèi)容是關(guān)于英國一項(xiàng)正在發(fā)展的運(yùn)動(dòng)：人們正在把風(fēng)險(xiǎn)帶入游樂場體驗(yàn))”及下文“Itcontrastswithshelteringkidswiththelessdemandingfacilitiestypicalofplaygrounds.(這與為孩子們提供不那么苛刻的設(shè)施的游樂場形成了對比)”可知，E選項(xiàng)“這個(gè)想法是為了幫助孩子們變得堅(jiān)強(qiáng)?！北砻髑拔倪@項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的目的，且這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)與下文提到的“為孩子們提供不那么苛刻的設(shè)施的游樂場”形成了對比。故選E?！?7題詳析】前文“HecitesasignpostedoutsidethePrincessDianaPlaygroundinLondon’sKensingtonGardens.(他舉了倫敦肯辛頓花園戴安娜王妃游樂場外的一個(gè)牌子為例)”可知，前文提到張貼在游樂園外的一個(gè)牌子，C選項(xiàng)“它說孩子們可以冒險(xiǎn)。”具體說明了牌子上寫的內(nèi)容，it代指前文的sign。故選C。【18題詳析】后文“CommunitiesinAustralia,Canada,andSwedenaremakingsimilarchangestotheirplaygrounds.(澳大利亞、加拿大和瑞典的社區(qū)也在對他們的游樂場做出類似的改變)”表明其余地方的游樂場做出了相應(yīng)的改變，D選項(xiàng)“有限風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的游樂場開始流行起來?！笨偨Y(jié)下文，符合語境。故選D?！?9題詳析】前文“Inthatinitiative,it’ssuggestedthatfree-rangekidstakewalksinnatureorridepublictransportationontheirown.(在這項(xiàng)倡議中，建議自由放養(yǎng)的孩子自己在大自然中散步或乘坐公共交通工具)”表明這項(xiàng)倡議的內(nèi)容，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“一般來說，他們被鼓勵(lì)到外面去學(xué)習(xí)獨(dú)立的技能?！睘榍拔牡慕ㄗh的目的，符合語境。故選F?！?0題詳析】前文“Ourlongjourneythroughtimeandnaturehasmadeuswhowearetoday,withbehaviors,thoughtsandbodiesshaped.(我們在時(shí)間和自然中的漫長旅程造就了今天的我們，塑造了我們的行為、思想和身體)”可知，成長帶來了好處，G選項(xiàng)“因此，讓孩子做符合他們自然成長方式的事情是很重要的?！睘榍耙痪涞慕Y(jié)果，同時(shí)點(diǎn)明本文主題。故選G。第二部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。WhenthethreewomenspottedanabandonedpropertyinProvidence,USA,theyagreedthispollutedparceloflandheld____21____.Itwaswheretheirdreamofa(an)____22____farmcametrue.Hollandandhercofounders,DoggettandPurviance,____23____the2.7-acreproperty,cleanedupthepollutionandcreatedaninner-cityoasis(綠洲).Itsname?WhatCheerFlowerFarm.Its____24____?Togiveawayalltheflowerstheygrowtopeopleinneed.“Weofferproductstopeoplewho____25____flowersbutdon’thaveaccess,”explainsDoggett.“Flowersarea____26____symbol,notjustfortheselectedfewwhocanaffordthem.Receivingflowersenergizeseveryone.”Althoughthethreegotofftoa____27____start-plantingstartedinMay,notasusual,theyworkedaroundtheclockand____28____todonateroughly10,000flowersintheirfirstgrowingseason.“Wewantto____29____thestatewithflowersandwearevery_____30_____tomakeitwork,”Purviancesays.Nowthefarmregularlybrings_____31_____topeopleatlocalhospitals,seniorcentersandmore.Purviancevividlyremembersthefirstflowersshe_____32_____toahome-boundelderlywoman.“Herfacejust_____33_____.ItwasasifaflashoflightwascomingfromthetopofFederalHill.”Anotheryoungwoman,whowasjustbroke,thankedPurvianceafterwards.“Inthe_____34_____timeofmylife,evenoneflowerliftsmeup.”Andthat,isthetrue_____35_____ofaflower.21.A.courage B.discovery C.promise D.comfort22.A.friend B.individual C.health D.flower23.A.purchased B.protected C.provided D.measured24.A.procedure B.advice C.mission D.method25.A.deserve B.study C.observe D.tend26.A.traditional B.creative C.universal D.unique27.A.late B.simple C.fine D.busy28.A.continued B.happened C.managed D.hesitated29.A.compare B.help C.combine D.blanket30.A.nervous B.determined C.lucky D.surprised31.A.trust B.joy C.pride D.honor32.A.sold B.delivered C.returned D.showed33.A.reddened B.relaxed C.wrinkled D.brightened34.A.significant B.moving C.tough D.usual35.A.moment B.secret C.story D.power〖答案〗21.C22.D23.A24.C25.A26.C27.A28.C29.D30.B31.B32.B33.D34.C35.D【語篇解讀】本文為一篇記敘文，講述了在美國Providence，三個(gè)女人發(fā)現(xiàn)了一塊被遺忘的污染土地，她們決定將其變成一個(gè)夢想中的農(nóng)場，種植花卉，將收獲的花朵全部捐贈(zèng)給有需要的人，展現(xiàn)了花朵的力量。【21題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)這三個(gè)女人在美國普羅維登斯發(fā)現(xiàn)了一塊被遺棄的土地時(shí)，她們同意這塊被污染的土地是有希望的。A.courage勇氣；B.discovery發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.promise希望，成功的跡象；D.comfort安慰。根據(jù)下文“Itwaswheretheirdreamofa(n)______farmcametrue.”可知，三個(gè)女人發(fā)現(xiàn)了一塊廢棄的土地，那是她們夢想開始的地方，所以，她們都認(rèn)為這片土地是能帶來希望的。故選C項(xiàng)。【22題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她們夢想的花場就是在那里實(shí)現(xiàn)的。A.friend朋友；B.individual個(gè)人；C.health健康；D.flower花朵。根據(jù)下文“WhatCheerFlowerFarm.”可知，她們想要將這片被污染的土地變成花場。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Holland和她的聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人Doggett和Purviance買下了這片2.7英畝的土地，清理了污染，創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)市中心的綠洲。A.purchased購買；B.protected保護(hù)；C.provided提供；D.measured測量。根據(jù)下文“the2.7-acreproperty,cleanedupthepollutionandcreatedaninner-cityoasis”可知，三個(gè)女人買下了這塊地，開始工作。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它的使命？A.procedure手續(xù)，步驟；B.advice建議；C.mission使命；D.method方法。根據(jù)下文“Togiveawayalltheflowerstheygrowtopeopleinneed.(把她們種的所有花都送給有需要的人)”可知，這里說明了她們用這塊地種花的使命。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Doggett解釋說：“我們向那些值得獲得花朵卻沒有機(jī)會(huì)的人提供產(chǎn)品?！盇.deserve值得；B.study學(xué)習(xí)，研究；C.observe觀察；D.tend傾向，照顧。根據(jù)“who______flowersbutdon’thaveaccess”可知，who引導(dǎo)定語從句，表示這些花朵是給沒有機(jī)會(huì)獲得花，但是值得獲得花朵的人的。故選A項(xiàng)。【26題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：鮮花是一種普遍的象征，不僅僅是給少數(shù)能買得起花的人準(zhǔn)備的。A.traditional傳統(tǒng)的；B.creative有創(chuàng)意的；C.universal普遍的；D.unique獨(dú)一無二的。根據(jù)下文“notjustfortheselectedfewwhocanaffordthem”可知，花朵是普遍的象征，不只是給能買得起花的人提供的。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然這三個(gè)人不像往常一樣，在5月份開始種植的時(shí)間較晚，但她們夜以繼日地工作，在第一個(gè)生長季節(jié)里捐出了大約1萬朵花。A.late晚的；B.simple簡單的；C.fine美好的；D.busy忙碌的。根據(jù)下文“inMay,notasusual,theyworkedaroundtheclock”并結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，五月種花有些晚，所以她們努力工作。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.continued繼續(xù)；B.happened發(fā)生；C.managed（設(shè)法）完成；D.hesitated猶豫。根據(jù)下文“todonateroughly10,000flowersintheirfirstgrowingseason”和“tomakeitwork”可知，她們成功地捐出了1萬朵花。managetodo意思為：設(shè)法成功做。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Purviance說：“我們想用鮮花覆蓋整個(gè)州，我們決心讓它成功?！盇.compare比較；B.help幫助；C.combine使結(jié)合，組合；D.blanket以厚層覆蓋。根據(jù)下文“thestatewithflowers”可知，她們想要將花朵覆蓋到整個(gè)洲。故選D項(xiàng)。【30題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.nervous緊張的；B.determined有決心的；C.lucky幸運(yùn)的；D.surprised驚訝的。根據(jù)下文“tomakeitwork”可知，她們對于自己的計(jì)劃是有決心的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，這個(gè)農(nóng)場定期給當(dāng)?shù)蒯t(yī)院、老年中心等地的人們帶來歡樂。A.trust信任；B.joy歡樂；C.pride驕傲；D.honor榮耀。根據(jù)上文“todonateroughly10,000flowersintheirfirstgrowingseason”可知，她們捐贈(zèng)花朵，給人們帶來歡樂。故選B項(xiàng)。【32題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Purviance清楚地記得她第一次送花給一位居家的老婦人。A.sold賣；B.delivered傳遞，遞送；C.returned還，返回；D.showed展示。根據(jù)上文“Togiveawayalltheflowerstheygrowtopeopleinneed.(把她們種的所有花都送給有需要的人)”和“Purviancevividlyremembersthefirstflowersshe_______toahome-boundelderlywoman.”可知，此處表示Purviance第一次將花遞送給一個(gè)老婦人。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她突然面露喜色。A.reddened使變紅；B.relaxed使放松；C.wrinkled起皺紋；D.brightened使明亮，面露喜色。根據(jù)下文“ItwasasifaflashoflightwascomingfromthetopofFederalHill.(就好像聯(lián)邦山頂上有一道閃光)”可知，老婦人收到花很高興，臉上散發(fā)了喜悅的光芒。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在我生命的艱難時(shí)刻，即使一朵花也能使我振作。A.significant有意義的；B.moving感人的；C.tough艱難的；D.usual通常的，慣常的。根據(jù)下文“evenoneflowerliftsmeup”可知，在生命艱難的時(shí)刻，即使是一朵花也能讓人振作。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這就是一朵花的真正力量。A.moment時(shí)刻；B.secret秘密；C.story故事；D.power力量。根據(jù)上文講到三個(gè)女人的花朵送給了醫(yī)院，老人院的人們，給他們帶來了歡樂，使人們振作可知，這是花朵帶來的力量。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。WoodcutNewYearpicture,ahistoricartformofwoodcutpainting,isfortheoccasionofChineseSpringFestival.Itfeaturesbeautifulartdesignswithbright,delightfulcolors____36____fitsthemoodofthepeoplelongingforahappylife.Popular____37____(theme)ofWoodcutNewYearpictureincludehousesafeguard,familywishes,andprosperity.Customarily,hangingonthedoor____38____(keep)thedangerousspiritsawayaredoorgods(門神)whileonthescreenwallfacingthedoorisacharacter“Fu”____39____indicatesgoodfortune.FolkNewYearpictureemergedinpre-historicaltimeand____40____(use)asthedoorgod.The____41____(grow)ofproducteconomyandhandicraft(手工藝)industryalongwiththeadvancementinprintingduringtheSongDynasty____42____(change)themanufactureofChineseNewYearpicturefrommainlyhand-paintingtowoodcutpainting,makingitricherboth____43____categoryandcontent.AfterbeinglistedasNationalIntangibleCulturalHeritagein2006,woodcutNewYearpicturehasenjoyed____44____(great)popularity,significantlyinfluencingtheartisticstylesofothernationsaswell.Themakingofthepicture,apackageprocessfromdrafting,woodcut,painting,tohandpaintingtouch-up,keepsmillionsofitslovers____45____(lose)initsstrikingbeauty.〖答案〗36.and37.themes38.tokeep39.which##that40.wasused41.growth42.changed43.in44.greater45.lost【語篇解讀】本文為一篇說明文，介紹了中國木刻年畫的特點(diǎn)，歷史和重要意義。【36題詳析】考查連詞。句意：它具有美麗的藝術(shù)設(shè)計(jì)，色彩明亮，令人愉快，符合人們渴望幸福生活的心情。根據(jù)featuresbeautifulartdesigns和fitsthemood可知，兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞之間為并列關(guān)系，用并列連詞and。故填and?！?7題詳析】考查名詞。