北京市石景山區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末英語試題

2024北京石景山高一（下）期末英語本試卷共10頁，共100分?？荚嚂r(shí)長90分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答，在試卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分:知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié),30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共10小題;每小題1.5分,共15分）閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Yesterday,whenIwasonthewaytomyoffice,Isawabusker(街頭藝人),withahatinfrontofhim.Ihadsome___1___inmypocket,butIwouldnotgivethemtohim,thinkingtomyselfhewouldonlyusethemoneytofeedhisaddictionto(對…成癮)drugsoralcohol.He___2___likethattype—youngandragged.___3___whatwasIgoingtospendthemoneyon?Onlytofeedmyaddictiontosmokingorchocolate!Ithen___4___Ihadnorighttoplacemyselfabovehimjustbecausehewasbusking.Istoppedanddroppedallthecoinsintohis___5___.Iwatchedforawhile,expectingsomethingtoefromthatmoment—afeelingof___6___orsatisfaction,forexample.Butnothinghappened.___7___,Iwalkedoff.“Itprovedtobeawasteofmoney,”Ithought.Onmywayhomeattheendofthe___8___,Isawthebuskeragainandhewaspackingup.Iwatchedhimwalkaroundacafecounter.Therehepouredthe___9___contentsintoaboxcollectingforanearthquakefundraisingevent.Hewasbuskingforcharity(慈善)!Thatmomentchangedme.NowIdonateanychangeIhavetocharityboxesandIenjoythefeelingof____10____.1.A.chocolates B.coins C.cigarettes D.drugs2.A.looked B.acted C.sounded D.smelt3.A.Though B.For C.Therefore D.But4.A.declared B.expected C.realized D.guessed5.A.box B.hat C.pocket D.counter6.A.happiness B.sadness C.love D.hate7.A.Disappointedly B.Unfortunately C.Coincidentally D.fortably8.A.moment B.break C.day D.event9.A.chief B.basic C.actual D.total10.A.missing B.relaxing C.dreaming D.giving【答案】1.B2.A3.D4.C5.B6.A7.A8.C9.D10.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。短文敘述了作者目睹一位街頭藝人把一天收集的錢都捐給了慈善箱，這改變了作者對這位藝人的態(tài)度，最終作者把兜里所有的錢都捐給了慈善箱。【1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我口袋里有一些硬幣，但我不會給他，我想他只會用這些錢來滿足他對毒品或酒精的依賴。A.chocolates巧克力；B.coins硬幣；C.cigarettes香煙；D.drugs毒品。根據(jù)下文“droppedallthecoins”可知，作者的袋里有一些硬幣。故選B項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他看上去就是那種人—年輕，衣衫襤褸。A.looked看；B.acted行動；C.sounded聽起來；D.smelt聞。根據(jù)下文“youngandragged.”可知，他看上去就是那種人—年輕，衣衫襤褸。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：但是我要把錢花在什么上呢？A.Though盡管；B.For因?yàn)椋籆.Therefore因此；D.But但是。前后句意為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然后我意識到，我沒有權(quán)利僅僅因?yàn)樗诮诸^賣藝就把自己置于他之上。A.declared宣稱；B.expected期望；C.realized意識到；D.guessed猜測。根據(jù)下文“Ihadnorighttoplacemyselfabovehimjustbecausehewasbusking.”可知，這是作者意識到的。故選C項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我停下來，把所有的硬幣都扔進(jìn)了他的帽子里。A.box盒子；B.hat帽子；C.pocket兜；D.counter柜臺。根據(jù)上文“withahatinfrontofhim.”可知，作者把所有的硬幣都扔進(jìn)了他的帽子里。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我看了一會兒，期待著從那一刻起會有什么東西出現(xiàn)—比如一種幸福或滿足感。A.happiness幸福；B.sadness悲傷；C.love愛；D.hate討厭。根據(jù)下文“satisfaction”可知，此處應(yīng)和satisfaction感情色彩一樣，即一種幸?；驖M足感。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我失望地走開了。A.Disappointedly失望地；B.Unfortunately不幸運(yùn)地；C.Coincidentally巧合地；D.fortably舒服地。根據(jù)上文“Butnothinghappened”可知，什么事也沒有發(fā)生，即沒有按照作者期待的發(fā)生，所以作者失望地走開了。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那天結(jié)束時(shí)，我在下班回家的路上，我又看到了那個(gè)街頭藝人，他正在收拾東西。A.moment時(shí)刻；B.break休息；C.day白天；D.event事件。根據(jù)上文“Yesterday”可知，那天結(jié)束時(shí)，作者在下班回家的路上。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在那里，他把所有的東西都倒進(jìn)了一個(gè)為地震籌款活動募捐的盒子里。A.chief主要的；B.basic基本的；C.actual事實(shí)上的；D.total完全的，所有的。根據(jù)上文“poured”以及“collectingforanearthquakefundraisingevent.”可知，他把所有的東西都倒進(jìn)了一個(gè)為地震籌款活動募捐的盒子里。故選D項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在我把所有零錢都捐給了慈善箱，我很享受這種給予的感覺。A.missing想念；B.relaxing放松；C.dreaming夢想；D.giving給。根據(jù)下文“NowIdonateanychange”可知，作者把所有零錢都捐給了慈善箱，這是一種給與行為。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題;每小題1.5分,共15分）A閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。TheTempleofHeavenisamagnificentplexoffineculturalbuildingssetlocated___11___thesouthernpartofBeijing.Ithasbeenoneofthemostsignificant___12___(place)forthewholecountryformorethanfivecenturies.It___13___(serve)asaplexofsacrificialbuildingsfortheMingandQingemperors,andisthe___14___(large)oneinBeijingamongseveralroyalsites.【答案】11.in12.places13.served14.largest【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了北京天壇的概況，包括其位置、歷史重要性以及作為明清兩代帝王祭祀建筑群的特點(diǎn)。【11題詳解】考查介詞。句意：句意：天壇是一座宏偉的文化建筑群，坐落在北京的南部。根據(jù)空后的“thesouthernpartofBeijing”可知，空處考查短語“(be)locatedin…”，意為“坐落于……”。故填in?！?2題詳解】考查名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。句意：五百多年來，它一直是全國最重要的地方之一。本題考查“oneof+the+形容詞的最高級+可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)”的結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“最……之一”，用可數(shù)名詞place的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填places?！?3題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：它曾為明清兩代的皇帝們作為祭祀建筑群，在北京的幾處皇家遺址中，它是最大的一個(gè)?？仗帪榫渥拥闹^語動詞，句子描述過去的事實(shí)，所以用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)。故填served。【14題詳解】考查形容詞的最高級。句意：它曾為明清兩代的皇帝們作為祭祀建筑群，在北京的幾處皇家遺址中，它是最大的一個(gè)。根據(jù)空前的the以及“amongseveralroyalsites”可知，在北京的幾處皇家遺址中，天壇是最大的一個(gè)，所以空處需要形容詞的最高級，作定語修飾one。故填largest。B閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Mymotherisanordinarywoman,butshealwaystriesherbesttodealwiththings___15___(perfect).Withanoptimisticattitude,shealwaysthinksofothersfirst___16___neverplainsofanythinginherlife.Asateacher,shehasagoodsenseofhumorandmakesherstudentsinterestedinstudy.Sheshowsgreatpatiencetothosenaughtyones,___17___alsogivegreatmentsonherinreturn.【答案】15.perfectly16.and17.who【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了自己的母親以及她的職業(yè)。【15題詳解】考查副詞。句意：我的母親是一個(gè)普通的女人，但她總是盡力把事情處理得完美。副詞perfectly作狀語修飾動詞。故填perfectly?！?6題詳解】考查連詞。句意：她態(tài)度樂觀，總是為別人著想，從不抱怨生活中的任何事情。前后為并列關(guān)系，用連詞and連接。故填and?！?7題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：她對那些淘氣的孩子表現(xiàn)出極大的耐心，他們也對她給予很好的評價(jià)作為回報(bào)。先行詞為naughtyones，做非限制性定語從句的主語，關(guān)系代詞為who。故填who。C閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Nowadays,peopleincitytypicallygettheirmealsbyopeninganapp,placinganorder,and___18___(wait)forthefoodtobedeliveredrighttotheirdoorstep—thisis___19___citypeopleeatinChinathesedays.RecentfiguresfromtheChinaInternetNetworkInformationCenterrevealthat421millionChineseindividualsuseonlinefooddeliveryservices.Thisnumber___20___(represent)halfofthecountry’stotalinternetuserbase.【答案】18.waiting19.how20.represents【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國城市居民通過在線外賣服務(wù)獲取餐飲的普及情況，半數(shù)網(wǎng)民使用該服務(wù)，展現(xiàn)數(shù)字化生活的新常態(tài)。【18題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：如今，城里的人通常通過打開一個(gè)應(yīng)用程序，下單，然后等待食物直接送到家門口來獲取他們的餐食——這就是如今中國城里人吃飯的方式。bydoingsth.(通過做某事)，空處需要動名詞的形式和空前的“openinganapp，placinganorder”作介詞by的賓語。故填waiting。【19題詳解】考查表語從句。句意：如今，城里的人通常通過打開一個(gè)應(yīng)用程序，下單，然后等待食物直接送到家門口來獲取他們的餐食——這就是如今中國城里人吃飯的方式。空處引導(dǎo)表語從句，此處表示城里人如今是如何吃飯的，所以表語從句需要連接副詞how“如何”引導(dǎo)。故填how。20題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：這個(gè)數(shù)字代表了全國網(wǎng)民總數(shù)的一半?？仗帪榫渥拥闹^語動詞，句子陳述一般事實(shí)，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，主語為第三人稱單數(shù)形式，謂語單數(shù)形式。故填represents。第二部分:閱讀理解（共兩節(jié),38分）第一節(jié)（共14小題;每小題2分,共28分）閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ADoyouwanttogethomefromworkknowingyouhavemadearealdifferenceinsomeone'slife?Ifyes,don'tcareaboutsexorage!eandjoinus,thenyou'llmakeit!Position:VolunteerSocialCareAssistant(NoPaywithFreeMeals)Place:ManchesterHours:PartTimeWearenowlookingforvolunteerstosupportpeoplewithlearningdisabilitiestoliveactivelives!Only4daysleft.Don'tmissthechanceoflendingyourwarmhandstohelpothers!Role:Youwillprovidepeoplewithlearningdisabilitieswithallaspectsoftheirdailylives.Youwillhelpthemtodevelopnewskills.Youwillhelpthemtoprotecttheirrightsandtheirsafety.Butyourprimaryconcernistoletthemknowtheyarevalued.SkillsandExperienceRequired:Youwillhavetherightvaluesandgreatlisteningskills.Youwillbehonestandpatient.YouwillhavetheabilitytodriveacarandtomunicateinfluentwrittenandspokenEnglishsinceyou'llhavetohelpthosepeoplewithdifferentlearningdisabilities.Previouscare-relatedexperiencewillbethebiggestadvantageforyou.21.Thevolunteers'primaryresponsibilityistohelppeoplewithlearningdisabilities________.A.togetsomefinancialsupportB.toproperlyprotectthemselvesC.tolearnsomenewlivingskillsD.torealizetheirownimportance22.Whichofthefollowingcanfirstbechosenasavolunteer?A.Theonewhocandriveacar.B.Theonewhohasdonesimilarworkbefore.C.Theonewhohaspatiencetolistentoothers.D.TheonewhocanuseEnglishtomunicate.23.Thetextismeantto________.A.leaveanote B.sendaninvitationC.presentadocument D.carryanadvertisement【答案】21.D22.B23.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，接一則招募志愿者的廣告，包括職位、地點(diǎn)、工作時(shí)間和要求等?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第二段“Youwillprovidepeoplewithlearningdisabilitieswithallaspectsoftheirdailylives.Youwillhelpthemtodevelopnewskills.Youwillhelpthemtoprotecttheirrightsandtheirsafety.Butyourprimaryconcernistoletthemknowtheyarevalued.”（你將為有學(xué)習(xí)障礙的人提供日常生活的各個(gè)方面。你將幫助他們發(fā)展新的技能。你將幫助他們保護(hù)他們的權(quán)利和安全。但你最關(guān)心的是讓他們知道他們是有價(jià)值的。），可知這個(gè)組織的責(zé)任是幫助有學(xué)習(xí)障礙的人意識到自己的重要性。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由最后一段末句“Previouscare-relatedexperiencewillbethebiggestadvantageforyou.”（以前的護(hù)理經(jīng)驗(yàn)將是你最大的優(yōu)勢。）可知，以前做過類似工作的人會被優(yōu)先選擇。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。文章開頭以自問自答的方式向人們發(fā)出號召，讓人們參與到志愿活動中，然后在下文詳細(xì)介紹了志愿者工作的地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間、任務(wù)、要求等，由此可知文章是為志愿活動做廣告招募志愿者。故選D項(xiàng)。BAndyrodeslowlytoschool,daydreamingaboutthefishingtriphisfatherhadpromised.Hewassoabsorbedinhisthoughtsthathedidn’tnoticeanythingaroundhim.Herodealonguntilastrangesounddrewhimtothepresent.Hecametoastopandlookedcuriouslyuptotheheavens.Whathesawshockedandterrifiedhim.Ahugeswarmofbeesfilledtheskylikeablackcloudandthebuzzingmassseemedtobeheadingangrilytowardshim.Withnotimetowaste,Andyspedoffintheoppositedirection,ridingfuriously—butwithoutknowinghowtoescapetheswarm.Witharapidlybeatingheartandhislegspumpingfuriously,hespeddowntheroughroad.Asthebeescamecloser,hispanicincreased.Andyknewthathewassensitivetobeestings(蜇).Thelaststinghadlandedhiminhospital—andthatwasonlyonebeesting!Hehadbeenforcedtostayinbedfortwowholedays.Suddenly,hisfather’swordscametohim.“Whenyouareinatightsituation,don’tpanic.Useyourbrainandthinkyourwayoutofit.”HesawsmokerisingfromthechimneyoftheNelsonfamilyhomeonanearbyhillandrememberedthatbeesdislikesmoke.However,herealizedhecouldn’treachthehouseintime.Then,hespottedasmalldamusedbyMr.Nelsontoirrigate(灌溉)hisgarden.Withouthesitating,Andyjumpedoffhisbikeanddivedintothecoolwater,sinkingbelowthesurfacetoescapethebees.Whenhefinallycameupforair,thebeesweregone.Exhausted,Andyclimbedoutofthedam,struggledupthehill,andrangtheNelsons’doorbell.Mrs.Nelsonbroughthiminsideandcalledhismother.Relieved,hismothersaid,“You’llreallyneedthatfishingbreaktohelpyourecover.Thankgoodnessyoudidn’tpanic!”ButAndywasalreadylostinhisdreamaboutcatchingfishthenextday.24.WhydidAndyfailtonoticetheswarmofbeesearlier?A.Hewaslostinthethoughtofthefishingtrip.B.Hewasgoingfishingwithhisfather.C.Hewaslisteningtoastrangesound.D.Hewasridingtoschoolquickly.25.WhywasAndyparticularlyafraidofthebees?A.Hehadneverseenbeesbefore.B.Hethoughtbeeswerealittlebitpoisonous.C.Hewasespeciallyafraidofthesmallinsects.D.Hehadbeenhospitalizedfromastingbefore.26.HowdidAndyavoidthebeesintheend?A.HeaskedMr.Nelsonforhelp. B.Hehidhimselfunderthewater.C.HerushedintotheNelsonhouse. D.Herodeoffintheoppositedirection.27.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeAndy’sescapefromthebees?A.Nopains,nogains.B.Oncebitten,twiceshy.C.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.D.Intimeofdanger,one’smindworksfast.【答案】24.A25.D26.B27.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了Andy在上學(xué)的路上遇到了蜜蜂群，他怎樣巧妙地避開了蜜蜂群的攻擊。【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Hewassoabsorbedinhisthoughtsthathedidn’tnoticeanythingaroundhim.”（他如此沉浸在自己的思考中，以至于他沒有注意到他周圍的任何事物。）可知，Andy沒有注意到蜜蜂群是因?yàn)樗谙胫烎~的事情。故選A?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Andyknewthathewassensitivetobeestings(蜇).Thelaststinghadlandedhiminhospital—andthatwasonlyonebeesting!”（Andy知道他對蜜蜂蜇很敏感。上一次被蜇，他都被送到了醫(yī)院——而那只是一次蜜蜂蜇?。┛芍?，Andy特別害怕蜜蜂是因?yàn)樗氨幻鄯潋剡^，還被送到了醫(yī)院。故選D?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Withouthesitating,Andyjumpedoffhisbikeanddivedintothecoolwater,sinkingbelowthesurfacetoescapethebees.”（沒有猶豫，Andy跳下自行車，跳進(jìn)涼水中，沉到水面下以逃避蜜蜂。）可知，Andy最后是通過跳進(jìn)水里躲避蜜蜂的。故選B。【27題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Suddenly,hisfather’swordscametohim.“Whenyouareinatightsituation,don’tpanic.Useyourbrainandthinkyourwayoutofit.””（突然，他父親的話浮現(xiàn)在他的腦海中。“當(dāng)你處于困境時(shí)，不要驚慌。用你的大腦，想出解決問題的辦法?！保┛芍珹ndy在危險(xiǎn)的時(shí)候，他的思維變得非常快，他想出了一個(gè)辦法來避開蜜蜂。故選D。CMoneywithnostringsattached.It’snotsomethingyouseeeveryday.ButatUnionStationinLosAngeleslastmonth,aboardwentupwithdollarbillsattachedtoitwithpinsandasignthatread,“GiveWhatYouCan,TakeWhatYouNeed.”Peoplequicklycaughton.Andwhilemanytookdollars,manyotherspinnedtheirowncashtotheboard.“Peopleofallages,races,andsocioeconomic(社會經(jīng)濟(jì)的)backgroundsgaveandtook,”saidTylerBridgesofTheToolbox,whichcreatedtheproject.“Weevenhadabrideinherweddingdresseuptotheboardandtakeafewdollars.”Mostofthebillsontheboardweresingles,butafewpeopleleftfives,tensandeventwenties.Thevideoclip(片段)showsonemanwhohadfounda$20billpinningittotheboard.“WhatIcansayforthefolksthatgavethemost,isthattheywerefullofsmiles,”Bridgessaid.“There’sacertainfeelingthatgivingcandoforyouandthatwasapparentinthosethatgavethemost.”Mostpeoplewhotookdollarstookonlyafew,butBridgessaidaverysmallnumbertookasmuchastheycould.Whiletheclipmightlooklikepartofanewadcampaign,Bridgessaidtheonlygoalwastoshowgenerosityandsympathy.HeaddedthathehopespeopleinothercitiesmighttrysimilarprojectsandposttheirownvideosontheInternet.“Afterall,everyonehasbaddaysandgooddays,”hesaid.“Somedaysyouneedahelpinghandandsomedaysyoucanbetheonegivingthehelpinghand.”28.Whatdoestheexpression“moneywithnostringsattached”inparagraph1mean?A.Moneyspentwithouthesitation.B.Moneynotlegallymade.C.Moneyofferedwithoutconditions.D.Moneynottiedtogether.29.WhatdidBridgeswanttoshowbymentioningthebride?A.Womentendedtobemoresociable.B.Theactivityattractedvariouspeople.C.Economicproblemsweregettingworse.D.Youngcouplesneededfinancialassistance.30.WhydidBridgescarryouttheproject?A.Todoatestonpeople’smorals.B.Toraisemoneyforhispany.CToearnhimselfagoodreputation.D.Topromotekindnessandsympathy.【答案】28.C29.B30.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。短文報(bào)道了上個(gè)月在洛杉磯的聯(lián)合車站，一塊牌子上用別針別滿了美元，上面寫著“給予你所能給與的，拿走你所需要的”。這樣的活動吸引了各種各樣的人，組織者希望通過這樣的活動來提倡仁慈和同情?！?8題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段中ButatUnionStationinLosAngeleslastmonth,aboardwentupwithdollarbillsattachedtoitwithpinsandasignthatread,“GiveWhatYouCan,TakeWhatYouNeed.”可知，但是上個(gè)月在洛杉磯的聯(lián)合車站，一塊牌子上用別針別滿了美元，上面寫著“給予你所能給與的，拿走你所需要的”。所以通過下文的語境，判斷出第1段中的moneywithnostringsattached是“無條件提供的錢”的意思。故C項(xiàng)正確。【29題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段照片沒給“Peopleofallages,races,andsocioeconomic(社會經(jīng)濟(jì)的)backgroundsgaveandtook,”saidTylerBridgesofTheToolbox,whichcreatedtheproject.“Weevenhadabrideinherweddingdresseuptotheboardandtakeafewdollars.”可知，發(fā)起該項(xiàng)活動的泰勒·布里奇斯說：“所有年齡、種族和社會經(jīng)濟(jì)背景的人都會付出和索取?！鄙踔劣幸晃淮┲榧喌男履飦淼搅伺谱忧?，拿走了一些錢。所以泰勒·布里奇斯提到新娘是想說明這項(xiàng)活動吸引了各種各樣的人。故B項(xiàng)正確。【30題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Whiletheclipmightlooklikepartofanewadcampaign,Bridgessaidtheonlygoalwastoshowgenerosityandsympathy.可知，盡管這段視頻看起來像是一項(xiàng)新的廣告活動的一部分，但是布里奇斯說這次活動唯一的目標(biāo)是表現(xiàn)出慷慨和同情。所以布里奇斯開展這個(gè)活動是為了提倡仁慈和同情。故D項(xiàng)正確。DThepracticeofstudentsendlesslycopyinglettersandsentencesfromablackboardisathingofthepast.Withtheingofnewtechnologieslikeputersandsmartphones,writingbyhandhasbeesomethingofanostalgic(懷舊的)skill.However,whiletoday`seducatorsareusingmoreandmoretechnologyintheirteaching,manybelievebasichandwritingskillsarestillnecessaryforstudentstobesuccessful—bothinschoolandinlife.VirginiaBerninger,professorofeducationalpsychologyattheUniversityofWashington,saysit’simportanttocontinueteachinghandwritingandhelpchildrenacquiretheskillofwritingbyhand.Berningerandhercolleaguesconductedastudythatlookedattheabilityofstudentstopletevariouswritingtasks—bothonaputerandbyhand.Thestudy,publishedlastyear,foundthatwhenwritingwithapenandpaper,participantswrotelongeressaysandmorepletesentencesandhadafasterwordproductionrate.Inamorerecentstudy,Berningerlookedatwhatrolespellingplaysinastudent’swritingskillsandfoundthathowwellchildrenspellistiedtohowwelltheycanwrite.“Spellingmakessomeofthethinkingpartsofthebrainactive,whichhelpsusaccessourvocabulary,wordmeaningandconcepts.Itisallowingourwrittenlanguagetoconnectwithideas,”Berningersaid.“Spellinghelpsstudentstranslateideasintowordsintheirmindfirstandthentotranscribe(轉(zhuǎn)換)thosewordsinthemindintowrittensymbolsonpaperorkeyboardandscreen,”thestudysaid.“Seeingthewordsinthe“mind’seye”helpschildrennotonlytoturntheirideasintowords,”saysBerninger,“butalsotospot(發(fā)現(xiàn))spellingmistakeswhentheywritethewordsdownandtocorrectthemovertime.”“Inourputerage,somepeoplebelievethatwedon’thavetoteachspellingbecausewehavespellchecks,”shesaid.“Butuntilachildhasafunctionalspellingabilityofaboutafifthgradelevel,theywon’thavetheknowledgetochoosethecorrectspellingamongtheoptionsgivenbytheputer.”31.Whatmakeswritingbyhandathingofthepast?A.Thelackofpracticeinhandwriting.B.Theincreasinguseofblackboardsinclassrooms.C.Theuseofnewtechnologieslikeputersandsmartphones.D.Thebeliefthathandwritingskillsareunnecessaryforsuccess.32.Whichofthefollowingbestshowstheroleofspelling?A.Spellingimprovesone’smemoryofwords.B.Spellingabilityiscloselyrelatedtowritingability.C.Spellingbenefitsthetranslationfromwordsintoideas.D.Spellingslowsdownfindingexactwordstoexpressideas.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedexpression“mind’seye”inParagraph5mean?A.Window. B.Spirit. C.Imagination. D.Picture.34.Whatconclusioncouldbedrawnfromthepassage?A.Handwritingstillhasaplaceintoday’sclassrooms.B.Spellcheckscantaketheplaceofspellingteaching.C.puterscanhelppeoplewiththeirchoiceofwords.D.Functionalspellingabilitydevelopsfastinthefifthgrade.【答案】31.C32.B33.C34.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是今天的教育工作者在教學(xué)中使用越來越多的技術(shù)，但許多人認(rèn)為，基本的書寫技能對于學(xué)生在學(xué)校和生活中取得成功仍然是必要的?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)首段中的“Withtheingofnewtechnologieslikeputersandsmartphones,writingbyhandhasbeesomethingofanostalgic(懷舊的)skill.(隨著電腦和智能等新技術(shù)的出現(xiàn)，手寫已經(jīng)成為一種懷舊的技能。)”可知，隨著新技術(shù)的出現(xiàn)，手寫成為懷舊的技能，由此可知，電腦和智能等新技術(shù)的使用使得手寫成為過去的事情。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Inamorerecentstudy,Berningerlookedatwhatrolespellingplaysinastudent’swritingskillsandfoundthathowwellchildrenspellistiedtohowwelltheycanwrite.(在最近的一項(xiàng)研究中，伯寧格研究了拼寫在學(xué)生寫作技能中所起的作用，發(fā)現(xiàn)孩子拼寫的好壞與他們的寫作能力有關(guān)。)”可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，字寫得好的孩子文章也寫得好，由此可知，寫字的能力和寫文章的能力有很大的關(guān)聯(lián)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線短語前的““Spellinghelpsstudentstranslateideasintowordsintheirmindfirstandthentotranscribe(轉(zhuǎn)換)thosewordsinthemindintowrittensymbolsonpaperorkeyboardandscreen,”thestudysaid.(該研究稱：“拼寫幫助學(xué)生首先在腦海中將想法轉(zhuǎn)化為單詞，然后將這些單詞轉(zhuǎn)換成紙上、鍵盤上和屏幕上的文字符號。”)”可知，學(xué)生首先在腦海中把想法轉(zhuǎn)換成單詞，這是一種想象力的體現(xiàn)，因此通過“想象力”觀察單詞，不僅可以幫助孩子們將想法轉(zhuǎn)化為單詞，還可以幫助他們在寫下單詞時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)拼寫錯(cuò)誤，并隨著時(shí)間的推移進(jìn)行糾正，所以劃線短語的意思與“想象力”意義相近。故選C項(xiàng)。【34題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)首段中的“However,whiletoday`seducatorsareusingmoreandmoretechnologyintheirteaching,manybelievebasichandwritingskillsarestillnecessaryforstudentstobesuccessful—bothinschoolandinlife.(然而，盡管今天的教育工作者在教學(xué)中使用越來越多的技術(shù)，但許多人認(rèn)為，基本的書寫技能對于學(xué)生在學(xué)校和生活中取得成功仍然是必要的。)”可知，盡管現(xiàn)在教學(xué)中越來越多的使用技術(shù)，但是基本的書寫技能對學(xué)生取得成功是很必要的，結(jié)合下文中介紹的基本的手寫技能的好處和書寫的重要性可知，書寫技能在現(xiàn)代教學(xué)中應(yīng)該占有一席之地。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2分,共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。EasyWaystoKeepYourBrainSharpEveryoneisforgetful,butasweage,westarttofeellikeourbrainsareslowingdownabitandthatcanbeaveryannoyingthing.___35___Readonforsometechniquesworthtrying.1.___36___Peoplewhoregularlymadeplansandlookedforwardtoupingeventshada50percentreducedchanceofAlzheimer’sdisease(早老性癡呆癥)，accordingtoarecentstudy.___37___Somethingassimpleassettingagoaltohaveaweeklycoffeedatewithafriendwilldo.There’sevidencethatpeoplewhohaveapurposeinlifeorwhoareworkingonlongorshorttermgoalsappeartodobetter.Inotherwords,keepyourbrainlookingforward.2.Goforawalk.Mildlyraisedglucose(葡萄糖)levelscanharmtheareaofthebrainthathelpsyouformmemoriesandphysicalactivitycanhelpgetbloodglucosedowntonormallevels.Infact,exerciseproduceschemicalsthataregoodforyourbrain.___38___3.Learnsomethingnew.TakeaSpanishclassonline,joinadrawingclub,orlearntoplaycards.Astudyfoundthatmentalstimulation(刺激)limitstheweakeningeffectsofagingonmemoryandthemind.Butthebestthingforyourbrainiswhenyoulearnsomethingnewandarephysicallyactiveatthesametime.___39___Orgodancingwithyourfriends.A.Focusonthefuture.B.Thiscanbeespeciallyharmfultotheaged.C.Itshouldbesomethinglikelearninggardening.D.Sotakeafewminuteseachdaytodosomereading.E.Butdon’tworryifyourscheduleisn’tfilledwithlifechangingevents.F.Luckily,researchshowsthereisalotyoucandotoavoidthosemomentsG.Inotherwords,whenyoutakecareofyourbody,youtakecareofyourbrain.【答案】35.F36.A37.E38.G39.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了幾種方法來讓你的大腦保持敏捷靈活。【35題詳解】考查上下文的語境理解能力。空前一句的意思是：每個(gè)人都很健忘，但是隨著我們慢慢變老，我們開始感覺大腦好像很遲緩了，并且這樣的情況很讓人心煩？空后一句的意思是：看看下面這些值得一時(shí)的建議吧。所以選F，這里這是一個(gè)過渡句，承上啟下（幸運(yùn)的是，研究表明你可以做很多事來預(yù)防這樣的時(shí)刻。）承上啟下，與前后一致?！?6題詳解】考查上下文的語境理解能力。根據(jù)本段的敘述我們可以看出，這里是在說有目標(biāo)，向未來看的人對于預(yù)防老年癡呆是很有好處的。再結(jié)合本段的最后一句話“Inotherwords,keepyourbrainlookingforward”可知，這里是在建議我們向前看。所以選擇答案A，聚焦未來，與文意相符?！?7題詳解】考查上下文的語境理解能力。空前提到研究表明有計(jì)劃可以降低一般得老年癡呆癥的幾率，空后提到：一些類似于和朋友約每周喝咖啡這樣的小事兒就可以。所以選E項(xiàng)（如果你的計(jì)劃里沒有改變生活的事情也別擔(dān)心。）與后文的敘述一致。故選E?！?8題詳解】考查上下文的語境理解能力?？涨疤岬?，身體鍛煉能夠產(chǎn)生對大腦好的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。所以選G（換句話說，當(dāng)你照顧身體的時(shí)候，你就是在照顧你的大腦。）前后意思一致。【39題詳解】考查上下文的語境理解能力。根據(jù)本段的中心內(nèi)容，和空前提到：對于大腦最好的就是你學(xué)一些新的東西并且同時(shí)身體保持活躍?？蘸筇岬剑汉团笥褜W(xué)習(xí)園藝?？芍?，選C（可以是想跳舞這樣的事情。）與前后文意思一致。第三部分:書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié),32分）第一節(jié)（共4小題;第12題每小題2分,第3題3分,第4題5分,共12分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容在橫線上寫下相關(guān)信息，完成對該問題的回答。AshleyPower’smotherboughtaputerforherwhenshewaseight.Whenshewasthirteen,shewassurfingtheInternetregularly,butshecouldn’tfindanywhereforteenagerstomeetandtalk.Andonedayshethought,“IfIhadmyownwebsite,I’dmakeitareallyinterestingsiteforteenagers.”So,whenAshleywassixteen,shelaunchedherownwebsite,calledGooseHead.Shehadnoideahowbigasuccessitwouldbe,butthreeyearslater,thesitewasthemostsuccessfulteensiteintheUSA!Itwasgetting100,000hitseveryday,andAshleyhadabout30employees.Afterafewyears,thewebsitecloseddown.ThenAshley,wholivesinLosAngeles,wasaskedtowriteabookcalledTheGooseHeadGuidetoLife.Thebookisabouthowtodesignawebsiteandstartabusiness.Itbeginswithasectioncalled“AllAboutAshley”,whereAshleytellsreaderswhatitisliketobethebossofapanywhenyouareonlysixteen.“Iwassohappy.Butitwascrazyinalotofways,Igotverystressed.Imean,Iwasonlysixteen—Ididn’tevenhaveacar!Ifyouweresixteenandyouhadyourownpany,you’dbestressed,too!”InaninterviewAshleygaveadvicetoteenagerswhowantedtostarttheirownbusiness“Justbestrongandhaveyourdreamsandworkhardatthem.Anddon’tlistenwhenpeopletellyouthatyoucan’tdoit,becauseIheard‘no’alot.Justkeepgoinguntilyouhear‘yes’!”40.WhendidAshleycreateGooseHead?________________________________________________________________41.WhatdidAshleydoafterGooseHeadcloseddown?________________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.?StartingapanybroughtAshleynotonlyhappiness,butalsostressduetothelackofsupportfromherfamily.________________________________________________________________43.WillyoutaketheadvicegivenbyAshley?Whyorwhynot?（Inabout40words）________________________________________________________________【答案】40.Whenshewassixteen./16./Sixteen.41.ShewroteabookcalledTheGooseHeadGuidetoLife.42.StartingapanybroughtAshleynotonlyhappiness,butalsostressduetothelackofsupportfromherfamily.理由:StartingapanybroughtAshleynotonlyhappiness,butalsostressduetothelackofresources/experiences.類似答案都可以。43.ItakeAshley'sadvice.Aslongaswepersist,wewillsucceed.Notadmittingbeingdefeatedinthefaceofdifficultiesisanecessaryconditionforsuccess.Otherpeople'sopinionswillstopyoufrommovingforward,sotheiropinionsmustbeignored.【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。短文敘述了Ashley的創(chuàng)業(yè)的成功和失敗以及他對人們的建議?！?0題詳解】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“So,whenAshleywassixteen,shelaunchedherownwebsite,calledGooseHead”（所以，當(dāng)Ashley16歲的時(shí)候，她創(chuàng)辦了自己的網(wǎng)站，名叫GooseHead。）可知，Ashley16歲時(shí)，創(chuàng)建了GooseHead。故回答為：Whenshewassixteen./16./Sixteen.【41題詳解】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Afterafewyears,thewebsitecloseddown.ThenAshley,wholivesinLosAngeles,wasaskedtowriteabookcalledTheGooseHeadGuidetoLife.”（幾年后，該網(wǎng)站關(guān)閉了。后來，住在洛杉磯的Ashley被要求寫一本名為TheGooseHeadGuidetoLife的書）可知，GooseHead之后寫了TheGooseHeadGuidetoLife。故回答為：TheGooseHeadGuidetoLife.【42題詳解】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Iwassohappy.