高考語法復習課件虛擬語氣共

語法滿分沖刺：

虛擬語氣

知識梳理23課堂練習4課堂小結5課后作業(yè)6CONTENTS目錄典型例題

課堂導入1什么是虛擬語氣虛擬語氣考點總結

一、虛擬語氣在if條件句中的運用

①錯綜時間條件句②if省略句

③含蓄條件句 ④半虛擬

二、wish,asif/though和ifonly

三、should類虛擬語氣

四、情態(tài)動詞+havedone

五、虛擬語氣固定句型

六、虛擬語氣解題常用技巧一、虛擬語氣在if條件句中的運用

分清主從句：跟在IF后面的一定是從句

(1)對現(xiàn)在的虛擬

If從句 主句

did/were would/should/could/mightdo

（was絕不會出現(xiàn)）

IfIwereyou,Iwouldtellherthetruth.

Ifyoustoodhere,youwouldseethehill(2)對過去的虛擬

If從句 主句

haddone would/should/could/mighthavedone

Ifyouhadtakenmyadvice,youwouldhavepassedtheexam.

= (3)對將來的虛擬

If從句 主句

did/shoulddo/weretodo would/should/could/mightdo

Ifhedidn’tcometomorrow,wewouldputoffthemeeting.主過將從過，主過將完從過完woulddo/didwouldhavedone/haddone【例1】 Ifwe______(take)theotherroad,wemighthavearrivedhereintimeforthemeeting. 主過將從過，主過將完從過完【例1】 Ifwehadtaken

(take)theotherroad,wemighthavearrivedhereintimeforthemeeting. 主過將從過，主過將完從過完【例2】 Johnwenttothehospitalalone. Ifhe______（tell）meaboutit,Iwouldhavegonewithhim.主過將從過，主過將完從過完【例2】 Johnwenttothehospitalalone. Ifhe

hadtold（tell）meaboutit,Iwouldhavegonewithhim.主過將從過，主過將完從過完虛擬語氣在If條件句中的特殊用法①錯綜時間條件句（比如一半過去，一半現(xiàn)在）（會有明顯時間標志詞）例:Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvicejustnow,youwouldbebetternow.Ifyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldbeacollegestudentnow.做題時注意：動詞的形式根據(jù)它所表示的時間作出相應的調整一分為二，先找時間再判斷時態(tài)。【例4】Ifwe______（book）atableearlier,wecouldn’tbestandinghereinaqueue.

主過將從過，主過將完從過完【例4】Ifwe

hadbooked

（book）atableearlier,wecouldn’tbestandinghereinaqueue.

主過將從過，主過將完從過完【例5】 MaybeifI______（study）science,andnotliteraturethen,Iwouldbeabletogiveyoumorehelp.【例5】 MaybeifIhadstudied（study）science,andnotliteraturethen,Iwouldbeabletogiveyoumorehelp.②if省略句(1)IfIwereyou,Iwouldnotlethergo.=WereIyou,Iwouldnotlethergo.(2)Iftheyhadhelpedus,wewouldnothavefailedit.=Hadtheyhelpedus,wewouldnothavefailedit.(3)Iftheyshouldcometomorrow,wewouldfinishit.=Shouldtheycometomorrow,wewouldfinishit.去掉if，從句變一般疑問語序（倒裝）。【例6】 _____hecaughtthemorningtrain,hewouldnothavebeenlateforthemeeting.

ifhehadcaught主過將從過，主過將完從過完先一眼識別出來，明明是一般疑問句句尾卻不是問號?！纠?】 Hadhecaughtthemorningtrain,hewouldnothavebeenlateforthemeeting.

ifhehadcaught主過將從過，主過將完從過完先一眼識別出來，明明是一般疑問句句尾卻不是問號?！纠?】 ______today,hewouldgettherebyFriday.A.Werehetoleave B.Ifhehadleft

C.Didhetoleave D.Hadheleft主過將從過，主過將完從過完ifheleft/weretoleavetoday【例7】 ______today,hewouldgettherebyFriday.A.Werehetoleave B.Ifhehadleft

C.Didhetoleave D.Hadheleft主過將從過，主過將完從過完ifheleft/weretoleavetoday③含蓄條件句句中含有with,without,butfor,or,otherwise,orelse等，雖然沒有出現(xiàn)if，但表示的是if的含義。十年來所有考過的含蓄條件句99%都會選擇wouldhavedone(1)Withoutyourhelp,Iwouldn’thavepassedtheexam.=Ifyoudidn’thelpme,Iwouldn’thavepassedtheexam.=Butforyourhelp,Iwouldnothavepassedthisexam.(2)Idon’thaveyourtelephonenumber,otherwise/orelseIwouldhavecalledyouback.=IfIhadyournumber,Iwouldhavecalledyouback.(3)Whatwouldyoudowithamilliondollars?=Whatwouldyoudoifyouhadamilliondollars?【例8】ButforthehelpofmyEnglishteacher,I_____thefirstprizeintheEnglishWritingCompetition.A.wouldnotwin B.wouldnothavewonC.wouldwin D.wouldhavewon【例8】ButforthehelpofmyEnglishteacher,I_____thefirstprizeintheEnglishWritingCompetition.A.wouldnotwin B.wouldnothavewonC.wouldwin D.wouldhavewon④半虛擬 例:Imighthavegivenyoumorehelp(ifIhadtime),butIwastoobusy.

半真半假，but是標志詞【例9】 Bobwouldhavehelpedusyesterday,buthe______(be)busy【例10】 We______(study)lastnight,butwewenttothecinemainstead.

主過將從過，主過將完從過完【例9】 Bobwouldhavehelpedusyesterday,buthewas(be)busy【例10】 Wewouldhavestudied(study)lastnight,butwewenttothecinemainstead.

主過將從過，主過將完從過完二、wish,asif/though和ifonly（要是...就好了）（往前推一個時態(tài)）現(xiàn)在（同時）：did/were過去（早于）：haddone將來（晚于）：woulddoIwishIwereabird./IfonlyIwereabird.（同時）IwishIhadseenthefilm./IfonlyIhadseenthefilm.（早于）Iwishyouwoulddothatagain./Ifonlyyouwoulddothatagain.（晚于）Helooksasifhewereanartist.（同時）HespeaksEnglishsofluentlyasifhehadstudiedEnglishinAmerica.（早于）HestudiesEnglishsohardasifhewouldgototheU.S.A.（晚于）看實際情況，實際情況是真的不用虛擬，不是實際情況用虛擬【例11】 Whenapencilispartedinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit_____(break)_.【例12】Elizarememberseverythingexactlyasifit______(happen)yesterday.【例11】 Whenapencilispartedinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit

werebroken(break).【例12】Elizarememberseverythingexactlyasifit

hadhappened

(happen)yesterday.【例13】LookattheterriblesituationIamin!IfonlyI______(follow)youradvice.知識擴展：follow/takesb'sadvice【例13】LookattheterriblesituationIamin!IfonlyIhadfollowed

(follow)youradvice.知識擴展：follow/takesb'sadvice【例14】 Iwishthatyou_____suchabadheadachebecauseIamsurethatyouwouldhaveenjoyedtheconcert.A.hadnot B.didnothavehadC.hadn’thad D.hadn’thavehave助動詞構成過去完成時haddone實意動詞【例14】 Iwishthatyou_____suchabadheadachebecauseIamsurethatyouwouldhaveenjoyedtheconcert.A.hadnot B.didnothavehadC.hadn’thad D.hadn’thavehave助動詞構成過去完成時haddone實意動詞三、should類虛擬語氣（賓語從句和表語從句主語從句中）1.用should類虛擬語氣的動詞一堅持：insistthatsbshoulddo二命令：ordermand,三建議：advise,propose,suggestmend建議四要求：demand,require,request,askIdropcaps一頭一尾兩特殊insistdemandmendorderproposecommandadviseprefersuggest改變形式同樣適用換用句式：Itissuggestedthat…主語從句

Mysuggestionisthat…表語從句由Idropcaps引導的不管是賓語從句表語從句還是主語從句一律用should類虛擬語氣一頭一尾兩特殊insist堅持：虛擬語氣堅持說：不用虛擬語氣看實際情況來區(qū)分Iinsistthatyoushouldn’tsmokehere.Heinsistedthathehadneverstolenthemoney.suggest建議：虛擬語氣暗示，表明：不用虛擬語氣=indicateIsuggestthatwe(should)gotothepartytogether.Thesmileonherfacesuggestedthatshewassatisfiedwithmywork.改錯：Someclassmatessuggestwecangotoplacesofinterestnearby．改錯：Someclassmatessuggestwecangotoplacesofinterestnearby．should2.Itisadj.that從句(shoulddo)（考的少，了解就行了）重要的：necessary,essential,important,significant,vital,crucial,urgent等可取的：desirable,preferable,proper,natural可能的：possible,probable例：Itisessentialthatweshouldcheckourselveseveryday.用虛擬時暗含這件事情不可能是真的。3特殊句型表示“驚訝”語氣，譯為“竟然”Itisstrangethatsheshouldfallinlovewithsuchaboy.Itisapitythatyoushouldn’tknowhim.Itissurprisingthatyoushouldn’tpasstheexam.【例15】 Mymomsuggeststhatwe______eatoutforachangethisweekend. 【例16】 Eyedoctorsmendthatachild’sfirsteyeexam_____(be)attheageofsixmonthsold. (should)do【例15】 Mymomsuggeststhatweshouldeatoutforachangethisweekend. 【例16】 Eyedoctorsmendthatachild’sfirsteyeexambe(be)attheageofsixmonthsold. (should)do【例17】 Itwasrequestedthattheplay______again.A.shouldputon B.wouldputonC.beputon D.putonshouldbeputon【例18】 Mysuggestionisthatthemeeting_____(be)putofftillnextSunday. 【例17】 Itwasrequestedthattheplay______again.A.shouldputon B.wouldputonC.beputon D.putonshouldbeputon【例18】 Mysuggestionisthatthemeetingbe(be)putofftillnextSunday. 四、情態(tài)動詞+havedonecould/mighthavedone本來能做卻沒做should/oughttohavedone本該做而實際上沒做(抱怨和責備)Youshouldhavefinishedyourhomeworkyesterdayshouldnot/oughtnottohavedone本不該做而做了needn’thavedone本不必做而做了【例19】 Ifithadnotbeenforthesnow,wecouldhaveclimbedthemountainyesterday.主過將完從過完

五、虛擬語氣固定句型 1. Wouldyoumind+主語+謂語虛擬? sbdidsth 您是否介意…? (不用記，只會出現(xiàn)在聽力考試中）◎2. wouldrather(that)主語+謂語虛擬 寧愿…

1)

wouldrather單獨使用相當于情態(tài)動詞，后跟do,wouldratherdo

2)如果出現(xiàn)賓語后面必用虛擬did/haddonewouldrather(that)sbdid現(xiàn)在/將來I

wouldratheryoudidn'tcomehaddone過去I

wouldratheryouhadn'tcome◎3. Itishightimethatsb.didsth.=

Itishightimethat

sbshoulddosth 到某人做某事的時間 4. Itisnecessary/important/essential/strange/natural/ advisablethatsb.(should)dosth.

5. Itisapity/duty/shame/regretthatsb.(should)dosth.6. Butfor/Without+sth.+主語+謂語虛擬要不是…7. Ifonly+主語+謂語虛擬要是…就好了！8.主句+asif/asthough+主語+謂語虛擬就好像…【例20】Wewouldratherourdaughter_____(stay)athomewithus,butitisherchoice,andsheisnotachildanylonger.【例20】Wewouldratherourdaughter

stayed

(stay)athomewithus,butitisherchoice,andsheisnotachildanylonger.【例21】 Itishightimethatwe_____(hold)ameetingtodiscussthisproblem.

【例21】 Itishightimethatwe

held

(hold)ameetingtodiscussthisproblem.

虛擬語氣解題技巧全掌握虛擬語氣考點：1.黃金法則：主過將從過，主過將完從過完2.標志詞潛規(guī)則：but，時間標志詞，with,without,butfor,or,otherwise,orelse3.特殊句型潛規(guī)則asif/ifonly/wish/I'drather/it'sthehightime/Idropcaps拿到考題的思維順序3.2.1

特殊句型潛規(guī)則（35%）1. wish,asif/though和ifonly? 解題謹記：看時間，第一看時間標志詞，第二看具體情況

同時：did ? 早于：haddone 晚于：woulddo? IfonlyIwereabird.（同時）? IfonlyIhadseenthefilm(早于）? Ifonlyyouwoulddothatagain.（晚于）?2.should類虛擬語Idropcaps

insist demand/desire require/request orderpropose command advise/ask prefer

suggest3.情態(tài)動詞+havedonecould/mighthavedone本來能做卻沒做should/oughttohavedoneshouldnot/oughtnottohavedone本不該做而做了needn’thavedone本不必做而做了4.wouldrather(that)sb.didsth.寧愿某人做了某事?wouldratherdosth.寧愿做某事5.Wouldyoumindsb.didsth.?你是否介意…？6.Itishightimethatsb.did/(should)dosth.(作文中可用，替代weshould） 到某人做某事的時間?7.Itis+adj./抽象n.（表性質）+thatsb.shoulddosth.? 形容詞： ? necessary/important/essential/strange/natural/advisableb? 抽象名詞： ? apity/duty/shame/regret 標志詞潛規(guī)則（40%）類型一：but 解題謹記：看見but，半真半假Imighthavegivenyoumorehelp(ifIhadtime),butIwastoobusy.Bobwouldhavehelpedusyesterday,buthewasbusy.類型二：時間標志 解題謹記：看見時間，分類討論Ifyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldbeacollegestudentnow.

類型三：橫線在句首 解題謹記：補充完整再省略 _____Iyou,Iwouldnotlethergo. ____youhelpedus,wewouldnothavefailedit.IfIwereyouIfyouhadhelpedus

?類型四：with,without,butfor,or,otherwise,orelse?解題謹記：話不明說，過將完?Idon’thaveyourtelephonenumber,otherwise/orIwouldhavecalledyouback. ?Butforyourhelp,Iwouldnothavepassedthisexam.Ididn'tknowthathewasacheat,orelseIwouldn'thavebelievehim(orelse=ifIhadknownhewasacheat)我不知道他是個騙子，不然我也不會相信他了。主過將從過，主過將完從過完(25%) 解題需謹記：

1. 分清主句和從句

2. 有特殊的優(yōu)先按照特殊來做

1.Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry,butI’dratherhe______(focus)moreonitsculture.

2.I______(come)soonerbutIdidn’tknowthattheywerewaitingforme.

3.They______(get)twofreeticketstoCanada,otherwisethey’dneverhavebeenabletoaffordtogo.

4.Ifhe______(follow)myadvice,hewouldn'thavelosthisjob.

1.Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry,butI’dratherhefocused

(focus)moreonitsculture.

2.Iwouldhavecome

(come)soonerbutIdidn’tknowthattheywerewaitingforme.

3.They

got(get)twofreeticketstoCanada,otherwisethey’dneverhavebeenable