浙江省名校協(xié)作體2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期開學(xué)聯(lián)考英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省名校協(xié)作體2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期開學(xué)聯(lián)考英語試題第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdidthemandoovertheweekend?A.Hesawamovie. B.Heattendedamatch. C.Hewenttothehospital.〖答案〗B【原文】M:Hey,Ruth.Howwasyourweekend?W:Oh,IattendedascreeningofTheGarfieldMovie.Howaboutyou?Didyouwinthegamethistime?Iheardthecompetitionwasfierce.M:It’salongstory.Ourfootballgoalkeeperbrokehisarminthesecondhalf.Thecoachtookhimtothehospital.2.Whatdayisittoday?A.Monday. B.Tuesday. C.Wednesday.〖答案〗A【原文】W:Weareboundtomissourflightifwedon’tleavenow.M:Don’tyourememberthatwe’veputitoffuntilWednesday?W:Oops,Itotallyforgot.Thenwe’llhaveawholedaydoingthecleaningtomorrow.M:Yes.3.Whatishappeningnearthepark?A.Peoplearegivingawaytheirbooks.B.Thepolicearesearchingforathref.C.Thereisanewrestaurantopeningup.〖答案〗A【原文】W:I’mprettysurethatsomethingdidhappen.Isawalargecrowdgatheringnearthepark.M:Thereisadonationofbooks.Bytheway,justnowalotofpolicecarspassedbyourrestaurant.Doyouknowwhathappened?W:It’ssaidthatabankmanagerranawaywithallthemoney.4.Whatisthemostunbearablethingforthewoman?A.Mosquitobites. B.Horriblesnakes. C.Hightemperatures.〖答案〗C【原文】M:Fromthelookonyourface,I’mguessingyouhaven’tgotusedtolifeonthefarmyet.W:I’vebeenbittenbyalotofmosquitoes.Ican’thelpscratchingmyselfatnight.Plus,I’mafraidofsnakes.Worstofall,Ican’tstandtheheat.5.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Leavethecatalone. B.Chooseanothertime. C.Considerothervehicles.〖答案〗B【原文】M:Ithinkwemighthavegiventhecattoomanybiscuits.Shehasbeenthrowingupallthetime.W:We’dbettertakehertoseeavetrightnow.Sheistooweak.M:Butourcarisbeingfixedandthevet’smaybeclosednow.第二節(jié)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Acouple. B.Neighbors. C.Colleagues.7.WhendidMr.Thompsonarrivehometoday?A.At6:30p.m. B.At6:15p.m. C.At5:45p.m.〖答案〗6.A7.C【原文】M:Whatisthatstrangesmell?Didyoutakethetrashout?W:Yeah.Oh,itisthegas.I’llopenthewindowsandletfreshaircomein.Canyouturnoffthegas?M:ButIlookedeverywhere.There’snogasleak.ThenitmustcomefromMr.Thompson’s.Mr.ThompsonwenttoAustraliaforsightseeing.Didhereturn?W:Hecamehomeaquarterofanhourearlierthanyou.Whenyougotbackhome,theclockhadjuststrucksix.It’s6:30p.m.now.Hurryup,let’sknockonhisdoor.M:Weneedtograbwettowelsandcoverournosesincaseofanaccident.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.Whatdidthewomanwanttodowhenshewasachild?A.Createnewmusicalpieces. B.Becomeasinger. C.Playthepiano.9.Whatisprobablytheman?A.Aneducator. B.Amusician. C.Anastronaut.〖答案〗8.B9.C【原文】W:WhenIwasakid,myparentsoftenencouragedmetohaveabigdreamofbeingapianistinaband.Whereas,thiswasn’twheremyambitionlay.Mydesirewastoshowoffmybeautifulvoiceonstage.Ioftenwhistledacheerfultune.Didyouhaveanychildhooddreams?M:Iwascuriousaboutouterspaceandwantedtoflytothemoon.W:Abigdream.Whenpeopleareintheirchildhood,theirdreamsarelikelytobebasedonpurepassionandimagination.However,beforeenteringtheworkforce,theseyouthfulperspectivesbegintoshift.M:Yeah.Childrenrarelyconsiderfinanciallimitationsandeducationalrequirementswhendecidingontheirfuture.W:Yourdreamhascometrue.Forme,Iwillputmoreeffortintomypresentdream—creatingmoremusicalpieces.M:Agreed.Wemightnotbeabletochangeourpast,butwecancreateourfuture.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。10.Whatdidthewomandobeforelunchtime?A.Shetidiedaplaceup. B.Sheboughtsomefruit. C.Shesangasongtotheelderly.11.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Playbasketball. B.Gotohospital. C.Jointhewoman.12.Whatdothespeakersmainlytalkabout?A.Respectfortheold. B.Theholidayplan. C.Houseworkchores.〖答案〗10.A11.B12.A【原文】M:Hi,Marie.Whatareyoudoingnow?TodayisSaturday.W:Yes.It’salsotheDoubleNinthFestival.Ourschoolorganizedsomeactivities.Wehadafieldtripfrom8:00a.m.to10:00a.m.From10:10a.m.to11:00a.m.,wehelpedcleanourcanteen.From11:30a.m.until1:00p.m.,wehadlunch.M:Soyoujustfinishedyourlunch?W:Yeah.Andweareonourwaytobuysomefruitfortheoldpeople,especiallytheemptynesters.Iwillsingarevolutionarysongwhichistotheirtaste.Wearescheduledtoreturntoschoolat6:00p.m.M:Great.Ibelieveitwillremindthemofthevaluablemomentsintheirlife.W:Sure.Wecanalsohelpthemgetahaircutanddosomelaundry.SomepeoplearefondofChinesechess.Wecanplaytheboardgame.M:Itsoundswonderful.Wewillgrowoldoneday.Youreallyinspiredme.IshouldcancelmyappointmentwithmyfriendsandI’llbuyafruitbaskettoseemygrandparentsduringthevisitinghours.I’dlovetodosomethingmeaningfullikeyou.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。13.WhoisTomLee?A.Amoviecharacter. B.ATVactor. C.Ajournalist14.WhatdoweknowaboutTomLee?A.HegrewupinChina.B.Heishumorousandwise.C.Hedreamsofbecomingahero.15.Whatsuggestiondoesthemangivetokids?A.Learningfromobstacles.B.Keepingpositiveallthetime.C.Beingbravetoseeksupport.16.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Chairingameeting. B.Havinganinterview. C.Explainingfilmplots.〖答案〗13.A14.B15.C16.B【原文】W:HowwouldyoudescribeTomLee,theyoungheroinTheTiger’sApprentice?M:Tomistryingtofindhisplaceintheworldasahero.Hewantstofindhiscommunityandstepintohisfullestpotential.W:WhichpartofTomresonateswithyoumost?M:Tom’sstoryisnottoodifferentfrommine.I’mChinese-American.HegrewupinChinatownintheSanFranciscoBayArea,California.IgrewupinChinatowninLosAngeles.So,Idon’thavetodigtoodeepintomylifetorelatetoTom.AndTomisreallygoodattryingtostaypositivewhensituationsaredifficult.Heuseshiswitsandasenseofhumortoovercomehardships.ThosearethethingsIcandefinitelyrelateto.Inthebeginning,Tomtriestodealwithalotofhisobstacleswithforce.Butlaterhelearnstousehisheadabitmore.That’ssomethingthatI’vedevelopedasI’mgettingolder.W:What’sthemostvaluablemessageyouwantkidstogainfromthismovie?M:Don’tbeafraidtoleanonthepeoplethatyouloveforsupport,ifyouneedit.There’ssomuchvalueandsomuchpowerinthecommunityandfamily.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。17.Whydoesthespeakergivethetalk?A.Tointroducesomenewauthors.B.Tosharebookreviews.C.Toadvertisesomenewbooks.18.Whichbookissuitableforpeoplewhoareinterestedintime-travelingadventures?A.ThisAgain?. B.DaughtersoftheLamp. C.ThePartitionProject.19.WhatcanwelearnaboutSahara?A.ShelostanecklaceinCairo.B.ShemovedfromIndiatoPakistan.C.Sheisfascinatedbyadventurestories.20.Whoattachesgreatimportancetofamilyinthebook?A.AdamBorba. B.NeddaLewers C.SaadiaFaruqi〖答案〗17.C18.A19.A20.C【原文】Wouldyougobackintimetochangeyourfuture?Inthisfunny,time-travelingadventurebyAdamBorba,middleschoolerNoahNicholsondoesjustthat.He’srunningforclasspresident.Plus,hemustchoosebetweenhangingoutwithhisfriends,gettingstraightA’s,andbeingpopular.NoahwantstofollowinhissuccessfulolderbrotherPaul’sfootsteps.ButishetryingsohardtobelikePaulthatheforgetswhotherealNoahis?Canhegobackintimetomakehislifeperfect?Ifyou’relookingforafantasystory,thisbookThisAgain?isdefinitelyforyou.Next,DaughtersoftheLampfollowsSaharatoafamilyweddinginCairo,Egypt.There,hernecklacestartsglowing-beforeitdisappears.Asshelooksintotheoriginofthenecklace,familysecretsareunearthed.AuthorNeddaLewersweavesArabianfairytalesintothismysteriousandmagicaladventure.Lastly,ThePartitionProject,bySaadiaFaruqi,focusesontheimportanceoffamilybondsandofhearingthestoriesofourgrandparents’lives.Mahalearnsabouthergrandmother’sexperiencewithgrowingupinIndiaandhermovefromIndiatoPakistan.Thosearesomenewbooksthatyoumightenjoy.Andtheyareonspecialthisweek.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。ACulinaryherbsarefragrantplantswhicharefittoeatandusedinsmallamountstoaddfavortodishes.Mostherbsarefoundinfoodandalsohavemedicinaluses.Therearefourherbsforyou.·CurryleavesThecurrytreeisnativetoIndiaandSriLankaTheleavesaredarkgreenandshiny,releasingapleasantnut-likescentwhentheyarefriedinoil.TheyareamaincomponentofSouthIndiancuisine,usedinthesamewayasbayleavesareinWesterncuisines.·ShisoShisoisaJapaneseherbwithauniqueflavor,whosegreenleavesareoftenusedasagarnish（裝飾）fortraditionalJapanesedishes.Whetherredorgreen,itcanbeusedinvariousotherways:mixedintosalads,putintogreentea,oraddedtostir-fries.·BasilBasilhasshiny,deepgreen,pointedleavesandasweet-and-savoryflavor,whichisusedinbothfreshanddriedformstoflavordishesrangingfromItaliansaucestomeatdishestoAsiancurries.Whencooking,addittowardstheendtomaintainflavor.·MintMinthasadelicatelysweetflavorandcreatesadistinctcoolingfeelingduetothementhol（薄荷醇）intheherb.Usedforcookingandavarietyofmedicinalpurposes,minthassoft,brightgreenleavesthatarecommonlyusedindrinkslikeminttea,aswellasdisheslikeVietnameseandThaistir-friesWhiledriedmintisusedinteamaking,freshmintisthepreferredformoftheherbforcooking.21.WhichofthefollowingstatementaboutCurryleavesistrue?A.TheyareonlynativetoSriLanka. B.TheyenjoygreatpopularityamongWesterners.C.Theysmellpleasant,likefriednuts. D.TheyplayanimportantroleinSouthIndiancuisine.22.Whichherbscanbeusedbothinteadrinksandstir-fries?A.MintandBasil. B.BasilandShiso.C.CurryleavesandBasil. D.MintandShiso.23.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Abiologytextbook. B.Anacademicpaper.C.Abotanicalmagazine. D.Acommercialposter.〖答案〗21.D22.D23.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了四種可用于食物和藥物的烹飪香草。【21題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Curryleaves”所在段落中“TheyareamaincomponentofSouthIndiancuisine,usedinthesamewayasbayleavesareinWesterncuisines.”（它們是南印度菜肴的主要成分，其使用方法與月桂葉在西方菜肴中的使用方法相同。）可知它們在南印度菜肴中起到很大的作用。故選D項。【22題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Shiso”所在段落中“Whetherredorgreen,itcanbeusedinvariousotherways:mixedintosalads,putintogreentea,oraddedtostir-fries.”（無論是紅葉還是綠葉，它都有多種用途：拌沙拉、泡綠茶或添加到炒菜中。）以及“Mint”所在段落中“Usedforcookingandavarietyofmedicinalpurposes,minthassoft,brightgreenleavesthatarecommonlyusedindrinkslikeminttea,aswellasdisheslikeVietnameseandThaistir-fries.”（薄荷葉柔軟翠綠，可用于烹飪和多種藥用目的，常用于薄荷茶等飲品以及越南和泰國炒菜等菜肴。）可知Mint和Shiso都可以用于茶飲和炒菜。故選D項?！?3題詳析】文章出處題。根據(jù)第一段“Culinaryherbsarefragrantplantswhicharefittoeatandusedinsmllamountstoaddfavortodishes.Mostherbsarefoundinfoodandalsohavemedicinaluses.Therearefourherbsforyou.”（烹飪香草是一種芳香植物，適合食用，少量使用可為菜肴增添美味。大多數(shù)草藥都可以在食物中找到，同時也有藥用價值。下面為你介紹四種草藥。）可知文章介紹了幾種香草的特點和用途，因此內(nèi)容適合出現(xiàn)在植物雜志中。故選C項。BIfirstsawtheearth-thewholeearthfromtheshuttleChallengerin1984.Theviewtakesyourbreathawayandfillsyouwithchildlikewonder.That’swhyeveryshuttlecrewhastocleannose-printsofftheirspaceraft’swindowsseveraltimesaday.Anincrediblybeautifultapestry(織錦)ofblueandwhite,tan,blackandgreenseemstoglidebeneathyouatanelegant,statelypace.Butyouareactuallygoingsofasthattheentiremapoftheworldspinsbeforeyoureyeswitach90-minuteorbit.Afterjustoneortwolaps,youfeel,maybeforthefisttimelikeacitizenofaplanet.Allthecolorsandpatternsyousee—thevisibleevidenceofthecomplexworkingofthenaturalsystemsthatmakeourplanethabitable—seembothvastandprecise,powerfulandyetsomehowfragile.Youseevolcanoesspewingsmoke,hurricanesroilingtheoceansandevenfinetendrils’ofSaharandustreachingacrosstheAtlantic.Youalsoseethebig,graysmudgesoffields,paddiesandpastures,andatnightyoumarvelatthelights,likebrilliantdiamonds,thatrevealamosaicofcities,roadsandcoastlines—impressivesignsofthehandofhumanity.Scientiststellusthatourhandisheavy,thatwearewipingoutofotherspeciesatanunprecedentedrateandprobablytransformingourclimate.Willtheimmensepowerofglobalsystemswithstandtheimpactofhumanity?Orisitpossiblethatourcollectiveactionswillchangethenatureofourplanetenoughtocrippleitsabilitytosupportlife?Inolongerbelievethatwecanwaitforallthescientificdataneededtoanswerthesequestionsconclusively.Wemustrecognizeimmediatelywhatitmeanstobecitizensofthisplanet.Itmeansacceptingtheobligationtobethestewardsoftheearth’slife-givingcapacities.Ashomeowners,wewouldn’tneglectordamageourhousesuntiltheyweren’tfittolivein.Whywouldwedothatwithourplanet?24.WhatdoesthewriterwanttoexpressinParagraph1?A.Theyfeelscaredflyingintheout-space. B.Theyarehomesickinthespaceshuttle.C.Theyareawedbytheviewoftheearth. D.Theyfeelexcitedtoexploretheuniverse.25.What’sthemainfunctionofParagraph3?A.Settingthestageforfurtherdiscussion. B.Summarizingthemainideaofthetext.C.Providingdataforthewriter’sargument. D.Introducingdifferentideasonhumanimpact.26.Accordingtothelastparagraph,whichofthefollowingstatementdoeshewriteragreewith?A.It’snotclearwhathumanscandotonatureB.Theearthisstrongenoughtosupportmorelives.C.HumanbeingsarenottheonlycreatureoftheearthD.Wemustactnowtotakecareofnaturebeforeit’stoolate27.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.FlyingtotheFuture B.GoingGreenwithOurEarthC.AGlimpseofHome D.MyExperienceasanAstronaut〖答案〗24.C25.A26.D27.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了作者從太空中看到地球的美景和對地球的思考?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Ifirstsawtheearth-thewholeearthfromtheshuttleChallengerin1984.Theviewtakesyourbreathawayandfillsyouwithchildlikewonder.That’swhyeveryshuttlecrewhastocleannose-printsofftheirspaceraft’swindowsseveraltimesaday.(我第一次看到地球——整個地球，是從1984年的挑戰(zhàn)者號航天飛機上。這景色會讓你屏住呼吸，讓你充滿孩子般的驚奇。這就是為什么每個航天飛機機組人員每天都要清理幾次他們的飛船窗戶上的鼻印。)”可知，作者第一次從航天飛機上看到地球的全貌時，被地球的美景震撼，充滿了童真的驚奇。故選C。【25題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Youseevolcanoesspewingsmoke,hurricanesroilingtheoceansandevenfinetendrils’ofSaharandustreachingacrosstheAtlantic.(你會看到火山噴出煙霧，颶風(fēng)在海洋中肆虐，甚至撒哈拉沙漠的塵埃細(xì)沙也橫跨大西洋。)”可知，第三段描述了地球上發(fā)生的災(zāi)難，為后續(xù)討論人類應(yīng)如何保護(hù)地球做鋪墊。故選A?！?6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Itmeansacceptingtheobligationtobethestewardsoftheearth’slife-givingcapacities.Ashomeowners,wewouldn’tneglectordamageourhousesuntiltheyweren’tfittolivein.Whywouldwedothatwithourplanet?(它意味著接受成為地球賦予生命的能力的管理者的義務(wù)。作為房主，我們不會忽視或損壞我們的房子，直到它們不適合居住。我們?yōu)槭裁匆@樣對待我們的星球呢？)”可知，作者認(rèn)為我們要立即認(rèn)識到作為地球公民的責(zé)任，采取行動保護(hù)地球。故選D?！?7題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章第一段“Ifirstsawtheearth-thewholeearthfromtheshuttleChallengerin1984.Theviewtakesyourbreathawayandfillsyouwithchildlikewonder.That’swhyeveryshuttlecrewhastocleannose-printsofftheirspaceraft’swindowsseveraltimesaday.(我第一次看到地球——整個地球，是從1984年的挑戰(zhàn)者號航天飛機上。這景色會讓你屏住呼吸，讓你充滿孩子般的驚奇。這就是為什么每個航天飛機機組人員每天都要清理幾次他們的飛船窗戶上的鼻印。)”可知，文章主要描述了作者從太空中看到地球的美景和對地球的思考，最好的標(biāo)題是選項C“AGlimpseofHome(家園一瞥)”。故選C。CEatingaplant-baseddiethasbeenshowntobeverygoodforyourheartandyouroverallhealth.Infact,arecentstudyfoundayoungpersoncouldliveanadditional13yearsbyeatingmorevegetablesandlegumes(豆類),aswellaswholegrains,fruitandnuts.Whichmakesthefindingsofanewanalysisofthedietsofnearly400,000UKadultspublishedMondayinthejournalFrontiersinNutritionrathershocking:Eatingveggies,especiallycookedones,doesn’treduceyourriskofheartdiseaseovertime.“OurlargestudydidnotfindevidenceforaprotectiveeffectofvegetableintakeontheoccurrenceofCVD(cardiovasculardisease),”saidQiFeng,anepidemiologistattheUniversityofOxford,inastatement.Whilethestudyfoundeatingrawveggiescouldprotectagainstheartdisease,cookedvegetablesdidnot.Anybenefitwentawaywhenresearchersfactoredinlifestylefactorssuchasphysicalactivity,educationallevel,smoking,drinking,fruitintake,redandprocessedmeatconsumption,anduseofmineralandvitaminsupplements.“Instead,ouranalysesshowthattheseeminglyprotectiveeffectofvegetableintakeagainstCVDriskisverylikelytobeaccountedforbybias(偏差)…relatedtodifferencesinsocioeconomicsituationandlifestyle,”Fengsaid.Don’tstartcelebratingyet,veggiehaters.ExpertsintheUKandUnitedStatesquicklytookexceptiontothestudy’sconclusion“Althoughthisstudyfoundthateatingmorevegetableswasn’tassociatedwithalowerriskofheartandcirculatorydiseasesonceotherlifestyleandotherfactorsweretakenintoaccount,thatdoesn’tmeanweshouldstopeatingvegetables,”saidVictoriaTaylor,aseniordietitianattheBritishHeartFoundation,inastatement.“Theresultsarenotsurprising.Pickingoutonesinglecomponentandassumingjustaddingittothediet,e.g.,vegetables,isnotlikelytoresultinthedesiredeffect,”AliceLichtenstein,directorandseniorscientistatTuftsUniversity’sCardiovascularNutritionLaboratory,toldCNNinanemail.“Onethingthathasbecomeclearoverthepastdecadeisweshouldnotbelookingatsinglefoodsornutrients,ratherthewholedietarypattern,”saidLichtenstein.28.WhatcanwelearnfromthenewstudyledbyFeng?A.ItfollowedayoungUKpersonfor13years.B.Itsfindingscameasnosurprisetootherpeople.C.Itoverturnedtheconclusionofpreviousstudies.D.Itspurposewastofindtherightvegetablesforpeople.29.WhatdidFengimplyaboutvegetables’protectiveeffect?A.Itwastotallymadeupbysomeresearchers.B.Itstillheldtruedespitesomedifferentfindings.C.Itcouldonlybeachievedbylivingahealthylifestyle.D.Itwasamisconceptioncausedbydifferencesinpeople.30.Whichoffollowingisclosestinmeaningtounderlinedphrase“takeexceptionto”?A.Voiceobjectionsto. B.Adddetailsto.C.Displayignoranceof. D.Takenoticeof.31.WhatdidLichtensteinthinkofthestudy?A.Itwasgroundbreaking. B.Itwasone-sided.C.Itwouldcauseconfusion. D.Itneededmoreevidence.〖答案〗28.C29.D30.A31.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了吃蔬菜對心臟和整體健康都有好處，但是一項新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)吃蔬菜不能降低患心臟病的風(fēng)險，科學(xué)家對此有不同的看法?！?8題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Whichmakesthefindingsofanewanalysisofthedietsofnearly400,000UKadultspublishedMondayinthejournalFrontiersinNutritionrathershocking:Eatingveggies,especiallycookedones,doesn’treduceyourriskofheartdiseaseovertime.(這使得周一發(fā)表在《營養(yǎng)前沿》雜志上的一項對近40萬英國成年人飲食的新分析結(jié)果相當(dāng)令人震驚：長期食用蔬菜，尤其是煮熟的蔬菜，并不能降低患心臟病的風(fēng)險。)”和第三段““OurlargestudydidnotfindevidenceforaprotectiveeffectofvegetableintakeontheoccurrenceofCVD(cardiovasculardiscase),”saidQiFeng,anepidemiologistattheUniversityofOxford,inastatement.(牛津大學(xué)的流行病學(xué)家QiFeng在一份聲明中說：“我們的大型研究沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)蔬菜攝入對心血管疾病發(fā)生有保護(hù)作用的證據(jù)?！?”可推斷這項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)烹飪過的蔬菜并不降低心臟病風(fēng)險，顛覆了之前的研究結(jié)論。故選C?！?9題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段““Instead,ouranalysesshowthattheseeminglyprotectiveeffectofvegetableintakeagainstCVDriskisverylikelytobeaccountedforbybias(偏差)…relatedtodifferencesinsocioeconomicsituationandlifestyle,”Fengsaid.(“相反，我們的分析表明，蔬菜攝入對心血管疾病風(fēng)險的表面保護(hù)作用很可能是由偏見造成的……與社會經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況和生活方式的差異有關(guān)，”Feng說。)”可知Feng認(rèn)為蔬菜攝入對心血管疾病風(fēng)險的保護(hù)效果可能是由于社會經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況和生活方式差異引起的偏見。故選D?！?0題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Don’tstartcelebratingyet,veggiehaters.(討厭素食者們，先別開始慶祝。)”和劃線詞所在句“ExpertsintheUKandUnitedStatesquicklytookexceptiontothestudy’sconclusion.(英國和美國的專家很快就對這項研究的結(jié)論…)”由此推斷出是英國和美國的專家提出了異議，所以tookexceptionto意思是“提出反對意見”和A選項Voiceobjectionsto同義，故選A?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““Onethingthathasbecomeclearoverthepastdecadeisweshouldnotbelookingatsinglefoodsornutrients,ratherthewholedietarypattern,”saidLichtenstein.(Lichtenstein說：“在過去的十年里，有一件事變得很清楚，那就是我們不應(yīng)該只關(guān)注單一的食物或營養(yǎng)素，而應(yīng)該關(guān)注整個飲食模式。”)”可推知Lichtenstein認(rèn)為這項研究是片面的，因為它只關(guān)注單一食物或營養(yǎng)素，而沒有考慮整體飲食模式。故選B。DManypeoplehavewonderedwhychildrenbelieveinthingslikeSantaClausortheToothFairy,thinkingthatchildren’smindsareeasilyfooled.However,developmentalpsychologyoffersadifferentperspective.AstudypublishedinDevelopmentalPsychologyexploreshowchildrenreacttoideasthatgoagainstwhattheyusuallythinkandiftheychecktheseideasagainstwhattheyexpect.Thiswayofchecking,knownasthe“empiricalstance,”isevidentbythetimechildrenreachelementaryschool.Thestudyinvolvednearly200childrenaged3to8fromChineseschools.Eachchildwaspresentedwithfivedifferently-sizedobjectsmadefrompaintedRussiandolls.Thechildrennaturallyassumedthatthesmallestdollwasthelightestandthelargesttheheaviest.Whenaskedtoidentifytheheaviestobject,mostchildrenchosethelargestone.Anadulttheneitheragreedwiththechildren’schoiceormadeaclaimthatthesmallestdollwastheheaviest.Theresearchersobservedwhetherthechildrenwouldchangetheirmindsortesttheadult’sclaimbycomparingtheweightsofthedolls.Initially,childrenseemedtotrusttheadult’sword,withonlyasmallpercentageinsistingontheiroriginalbelief.However,whengiventheopportunitytoexplorethedolls,elementaryschoolchildrenwhohadreceivedthesurprisingclaimsystematicallytesteditbycomparingthesmallestandlargestdolls.Thisexplorationallowedthemtogenerateevidencethatcouldcontradicttheadult’sclaim.Thesefindingssuggestthatwhilechildrenarewillingtotrustanadult’ssurprisingclaims,theiracceptanceistemporary.Byelementaryschool,theysystematicallytestsuchclaimsbyseekingnewevidence,whichtheythenusetoupdatetheirbeliefs.Thestudy’simplicationsextendbeyondchildhood.Mostadultsacceptcomplexconcepts,suchastheexistenceofelectrons,basedonthetestimony（證詞）ofothersratherthanpersonalexperience.SowhilechildrenmaylearnaboutthemagicofSantaClausfromadults,adultsmightsimilarlyhavesomethingtolearnfromelementaryschoolchildren:mostofuswoulddowelltoadoptanempiricalstancemoreoftenthanwecurrentlydo.32.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Themethodologyofthestudy. B.Theconclusionofthestudy.C.Thesignificanceofthestudy. D.Thetheoreticalbasisofthestudy.33.Whichchild’sresponsematchestheempiricalstance?A.Taylorbelieveswhattheteachersaysnomatterwhat.B.Jordanthinkstheearthisflatbecausehisfathersaysso.C.Emmaassumesthewatermelonissweetandthentastesit.D.Mayasuspectstherearemonsterslivingintreesasthestorysays.34.Whatlessoncouldadultslearnfromchildren?A.Rejectingcomplexconcepts. B.Nevertrustinganyone.C.Learningfromtheirownexperience. D.Countingonothers’testimony.35.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Tohighlighttheimportanceofadult’sroleinchildren’seducationandgrowth.B.Toadvocateforamoreempiricalapproachtobeliefformationacrossallages.C.Toclarifyamisunderstandingaboutelementaryschoolstudents’learningability.D.Topersuadeadultstohelpchildrenridthemselvesofwrongideasabouttheworld.〖答案〗32.A33.C34.C35.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了一項研究探討了兒童如何應(yīng)對違背常識的說法。實驗中，孩子們被要求判斷不同大小的玩偶哪個最重。結(jié)果顯示，盡管兒童最初相信成人的說法，但小學(xué)階段的孩子會通過實驗驗證這些說法，從而更新自己的認(rèn)知。這表明兒童在面對新信息時具備經(jīng)驗主義傾向?！?2題詳析】段落大意題。根據(jù)第三段中“Eachchildwaspresentedwithfivedifferently-sizedobjectsmadefrompaintedRussiandolls.”（每個孩子面前都有五個大小不同的用俄羅斯彩繪娃娃制作的物品。）以及“Thechildrennaturallyassumedthatthesmallestdollwasthelightestandthelargesttheheaviest.Whenaskedtoidentifytheheaviestobject,mostchildrenchosethelargestone.Anadulttheneitheragreedwiththechildren’schoiceormadeaclaimthatthesmallestdollwastheheaviest.”（孩子們自然而然地認(rèn)為最小的娃娃最輕，最大的娃娃最重。當(dāng)被要求找出最重的物體時，大多數(shù)孩子都選擇了最大的那個。然后，成人要么同意孩子們的選擇，要么聲稱最小的娃娃是最重的。）可知第三段主要描述了研究的具體方法，包括研究對象、實驗設(shè)計和過程，故選A項?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“AstudypublishedinDevelopmentalPsychologyexploreshowchildrenreacttoideasthatgoagainstwhattheyusuallythinkandiftheychecktheseideasagainstwhattheyexpect.”（發(fā)表在《發(fā)展心理學(xué)》上的一項研究探討了兒童對與他們通常想法相反的想法的反應(yīng)，以及他們是否將這些想法與他們的期望進(jìn)行核對。）可知Emma假設(shè)西瓜是甜的，然后品嘗驗證，符合文章主旨，故選C項。【34題詳析】推理判斷題。倒數(shù)第三段中“Byelementaryschool,theysystematicallytestsuchclaimsbyseekingnewevidence,whichtheythenusetoupdatetheirbeliefs”（到了小學(xué)，他們會通過尋找新的證據(jù)來系統(tǒng)地檢驗這些說法，然后利用這些證據(jù)來更新自己的信念）可知，成年人可以從孩子身上學(xué)到從自身經(jīng)驗中學(xué)習(xí)的道理。故選C項。【35題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段中“AstudypublishedinDevelopmentalPsychologyexploreshowchildrenreacttoideasthatgoagainstwhattheyusuallythinkandiftheychecktheseideasagainstwhattheyexpect.”（發(fā)表在《發(fā)展心理學(xué)》上的一項研究探討了兒童對與他們通常想法相反的想法的反應(yīng)，以及他們是否將這些想法與他們的期望進(jìn)行核對。）以及“Thiswayofchecking,knownasthe“empiricalstance,”isevidentbythetimechildrenreachelementaryschool.”（這種被稱為“經(jīng)驗立場”的檢查方式在孩子們上小學(xué)時就已經(jīng)顯現(xiàn)出來了。）并結(jié)合通讀全文可知，文章主要討論了兒童如何通過經(jīng)驗驗證來形成信念，并建議各年齡段的人都應(yīng)更多地采用這種經(jīng)驗立場，故選B項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該選項標(biāo)號涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Shamehasbeencalledour“mostdreadedemotionalexperience.”Weknowthefeelingonlytoowe:Ourpulsequickens.____36____Thefeelingissobadthatwewanttoescapeatallcosts.Herearesomethingsyouneedtoknowaboutshameandsometipsforhowtofeellessofit.Shameandguiltaredifferentemotions.Youfeelguiltywhenyouthinkyou’vedonesomethingwrong,butyoufeelshamewhenyoubelievethatyouarewrong.Whileguiltariseswhenyouhavemadeamistakeandcanfixit,shamedevelopswhenyouseeyourselfasthemistake.____37____Shamehaswarningsigns.Therearemanysignsthatyouareexperiencingshame.____38____Andwhensomeonebringsupsomethingyoufeelashamedabout,youmaylookdownandavoideyecontactandtalkinasoftvoice.____39____Shamecanleadtohighbloodpressure,stomachproblems,insomnia,alcoholordrugsaddiction,eatingdisorders.Onestudydeterminedthatexternalshame—thefearthatothersarejudgingtsnegatively—isassociat