廣東省2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中考試英語試題（含答案）

廣東省2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中考試英語試題姓名：__________班級：__________考號：__________題號一二三四五總分評分一、閱讀理解(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀理解ThankyouforchoosingOTTTravelAgency.Inordertohaveapleasantjourney,pleasereadthefollowingnotescarefully.BookingRegulations⒈Thereisanecessarybookingprocess.Wewillconfirmthatwithyouwithin1—2workingdays.⒉Pleasebookaticketassoonaspossiblebecausetheratesmayvaryatdifferenttimes.Forexample,ratesriseduringholidays.⒊PleasecarefullyreadourCustomerAgreementsbeforebooking.BookingProceduresandE-tickets⒈Youwillreceiveabookingreceiptbye-mailimmediatelyaftersubmissionofbookinginformation.⒉Youwillreceivetheconfirmatione-mailwesendwithin1—2workingdaysaftersubmission.⒊Oncethebookingdetailsareconfirmed,youwillreceiveyoure-ticketbye-mail.Wewillprovidethecontactinformationoflocaltourismofficesforyourconvenientuseduringtourorasrequired.⒋Next,youonlyneedtoprintthee-ticketandpresentitwithphotoIDtothetourguideonthedepartureday.SpecialNotesIftheflightisdelayedforover45minutesduetoweatherconditionorothercases,pleasegotothehotelbyyourself.Youcancontactthelocaltravelagencyandaskforhelp.Youarestronglyrecommendedtocontacttheairlineandlocaltravelagencytoconfirmtheflightarrivaltimeandairportpickup.Foryoursafety,pleaselockyourdoorwheneverandwhereveryouleave.Donothanganyclothesonlights.Donotsmokeinbed.Leavethehotelimmediatelyifyouhearafirealarm.Pleaseobservealldosanddon'tsmentionedbythetourguide.Thankyouforyourcooperation.Sorryforanyinconvenience.1．Whyshouldtravelersbookticketsimmediately?A．Theratesprobablychangewithtime.B．Therearefewticketsonholidays.C．Thebookingprocessiscomplicated.D．Theconfirmationwastesmuchtime.2．Whenwillyoureceiveabookingreceipt?A．Beforefillinginaconfirmationform.B．Aftersendingoutabookinge-mail.C．Beforereceivingaconfirmatione-mail.D．Aftersubmittingbookinginformation.3．Whatshouldyoudowhenyouhearafirealarminthehotel?A．Lockthedoor. B．Runoutofthehotel.C．Hangclothesonlights. D．Putoutyourcigarette.閱讀理解Recently,homelesspeopleacrossChicagofacedfreezingtodeathiftheycouldn'tfindshelterforthenight.Thankfully,onelocalwomanrefusedtoletthathappen.InlateJanuaryof2021,Chicagoexperiencedsomeofthecoldesttemperaturesthatthecityhasseenindecades.Sadly,morethan100homelesspeoplewereleftoutsidedirectlyexposedtothedeadlyenvironment.CandicePaynewasluckyenoughtohaveashelterfromthedangerousconditions.However,shecouldn'tstopthinkingaboutthehomelesspeopleintheareawhohadnowheretogo.Paynestartedbrainstormingdifferentwaysshecouldpossiblyhelp.Atlast,shedecidedtoseeiftherewereanyroomsavailableatlocalhotelsthatshecouldpurchaseforthepeopleonthestreet.Howevermanyofthelocalhotelsrefusedtoallowhertopayfortherooms."Noonewantedthem,butonehotel,theAmberInn,thatwasniceenoughtoallowmetobuytherooms,"PaynetoldTODAY.AccordingtoPayne,eachroomcost$70pernight.Withouthesitating,shepurchased30roomsforthenightwithhercreditcard.Shethenreachedouttostrangers,askingifanyonewouldliketohelpoutwithpayingformorerooms.Strangersdonatedmoney,whichhelpedPaynepayforatotalof60roomsforfivenights.Payne'sselflessactmadenewsacrossthecountry,however,sheinsistedsheneverdiditforattention."Iamaregularpersons,"saidPayne,whospentthousandsofdollarsofherownmoneyhelpingcompletestrangers."Itallsoundedlikearichpersondidthis,butI'mjustalittleblackgirlfromtheSouthSide.Ithoughtitwasimpossible,butafterseeingthisandseeingpeoplefromallaroundtheworld,thatjusttellsmeit'spossible.Wecanalldothistogether."4．HowmuchdidPaynepaytheAmberInnfortheroomsintotal?A．$2100. B．$4,200. C．$21,000. D．$10,500.5．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribePayne?A．Kindandgenerous. B．Wealthyandfriendly.C．Determinedandhonest. D．Ambitiousandfaithful.6．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．TheHomelessSufferedtheExtremeColdB．ChicagoExperiencedtheColdestTemperaturesC．VolunteersCalledonPeopletoHelptheHomelessD．ChicagoWomanTriedHardtoSavetheHomeless7．Whattypeofwritingisthetext?A．Alabreport. B．Anewsreport.C．Anadvertisement. D．Asciencefiction.閱讀理解Thissummer,asthecapitalofEnglandbecamewarmerthanbefore,therehasbeenmanystoriesfromLondonersexperiencingoddinsectbites.EventheLondonUndergroundhasitsownspeciesofmosquitowithaparticularappetiteforhumanblood.ThemaininsectsoutforyourbloodinLondonaremosquitoesandhorseflies(馬蠅).And,asthatSpacesongsaid,thefemalesofthesespeciesaremoredeadlythanthemales,beingtheonesthatseekoutanimalbloodasextranutritionfortheireggs.Horseflieshaveaparticularlycruelbiteusingtheirjawstobiteintoourskinlikeacarvingknifeuntiltheybreakabloodvessel(血管).Mosquitoesaremoresecretattacker,bitingusverypreciselywiththeirneedle-sharpmouth.IntheUK,theseinsectsareusuallyharmless.Thekeythingtoknowabouttheseinsectsisthatthey'refarmoreactiveinwarmweather."Insectshaveaspecialandspecificrelationshipwithheat,"saysVickiSimsfromLadyBugPestControl."Theriseintemperatureseesinsectsgrowfaster.Yearonyear,manyspeciesarealteringtheirbehaviourandbiologytofollowthetrendsoftheseasons."So,whatdoesthismeanforthestateofourskin?LongandwarmLondonsummersmeanwemayseemoreoftheinsectsweexpect,butsomenewoneswedon't."Theonlythingseparatingusfromspecieslikemosquitoesthatcarrypublichealthrisksinotherpartsoftheworld,isclimate,geographyandmorethanalittleluck,"saysSims.ConcernsaboutincreaseofalienspeciesintheUKaregrowing.Usuallyarrivingwithinternationalshipments,traditionally"insectspeciesbroughtoverwoulddieoutrelativelyquicklybecauseofourcoldweather,"saysNatalieBungayfromtheBritishPestControlAssociation."Butastheweatherwarmsupthere'smorechancethatthey'llsurviveandbecomeaproblem,soeffectivemeasuresshouldbetakenassoonaspossible."8．Whatisthemajorfunctionofparagraph1?A．Tointroducethemaintopic. B．Toclarifytheauthor'sstand.C．Toarousethereaders'concern. D．Tosummarizethewholetext.9．Whydofemaleinsectsfavouranimalblood?A．Theybecomehungrymoreeasily. B．Theyhavestrongermouths.C．Theyaremoresensitivetoblood. D．Theyneedmorenutritionforeggs.10．Whatdoweknowfromthethirdparagraph?A．Theinsectsgrowfastinwarmweather.B．Newspecieswillincreaseincoldweather.C．Mostspeciescan'tadapttothechangingclimate.D．Wecanonlydependonlucktoavoidpotentiallyharmfulinsects.11．WhatisNatalieBungay'sattitudetowardstheriseoftemperature?A．Optimistic. B．Worried. C．Unconcerned. D．Confused.閱讀理解Chewingusesasurprisingamountofenergy.Anexperimentthatlookedattheenergyuseassociatedwithchewinggumfoundthatitcanincreasebodilyenergyusebyupto15percent.AdamvanCasterenattheUniversityofManchesterintheUKandhiscolleaguesmeasuredenergyusein21peoplebetween18and45yearsoldastheychewedgumfor15minutes.Eachparticipantwasaskedtochewtwotypesofgum—onesoftandtheothertough—sotheycouldcomparetheeffectsofthegum'spropertiesontheparticipants'energyuse.Energyusewasmeasuredusingaspeciallymadecapcoveringtheparticipants'heads."Youcanusethecaptoworkouthowmuchenergyisbeingused,"saysCasteren.Beforetheexperiment,theparticipantshadallwornthecapwhiletheysatwatchingafilminorderfortheresearcherstoknowtheirbaselevelenergyuse.Theresearchersfoundthatchewingthesoftgumincreasedenergyexpenditurebyabout10percent,whilechewingthetoughergumincreasedthisusebyaround15percent.Casterensaysit'sinterestingthatasmallchangeinthepropertiesofthegumhadsuchacleareffectonenergyuse.Thefindingssuggestthattheenergyuserequiredtochewalsoexplainwhywedevelopedsuchstrongteethfortheaction.Anyamountofenergylostwhilechewingfood,makesthemealalessefficientsourceofenergy,sowemustfinishtheactionassoonaspossible.DylanThompsonattheUniversityofBathintheUKsaystheincreaseisstillonlyasmallamountoverall."Itwillcontributelessthan1percentoftotaldailyenergyusebecauseofrelativelyshortdailychewingtime,"hesays.12．Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A．Comparisonbetweensoftandtoughgum.B．Theresultofanexperimentaboutenergyuse.C．AdamvanCasteren'sopinionaboutchewinggum.D．Anexperimentaboutenergyusewhenchewinggum.13．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"expenditure"inparagraph3probablymean?A．Digestion. B．Transportation.C．Consumption. D．Production.14．Whydohumanbeingsdevelopstrongteethaccordingtothetext?A．Toeatmorefoodatameal. B．Toreduceenergyloss.C．Tomakethemeallessefficient. D．Tobreakdownfoodthoroughly.15．WhatdoesDylanThompsonprobablyagreewith?A．Chewingtimeofhumansisincreasing.B．Chewingisnotanimportantpartofourlife.C．Chewingdoesn'tusemuchenergyinourdailylife.D．Thereisnorelationshipbetweenenergyuseandchewing.二、任務(wù)型閱讀(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Whatkeepsushealthyandhappyaswegothroughlife?Theclearestmessagethatwegotfroma75-yearstudyisthis:Goodrelationshipskeepushappierandhealthier.16．Thefirstisthatsocialconnectionsarereallygoodforus,andthatlonelinesskills.Itturnsoutthatpeoplewhoaremoresociallyconnectedtoothersarehappier.17．Onthecontrary,theexperienceoflonelinessturnsouttobeharmful.Therearesomepeoplewhoaremorelonelythantheywanttobe.Theyfindthattheyarelesshappy,theirhealthdeclinesearlierinmidlife,andtheyliveshorterlivesthanpeoplewhoarenotlonely.Andweknowthatyoucanbelonelyinacrowdandyoucanbelonelyinamarriage.Sothesecondbiglessonthatwelearnedisthatit'snotjustthenumberoffriendsyouhave,andit'snotwhetherornotyou'reinacommittedrelationship,butit'sthequalityofyourcloserelationshipsthatmatters.18．High-conflictmarriages,forexample,withoutmuchlove,turnouttobeverybadforourhealth.Andthethirdbiglessonthatwelearnedaboutrelationshipsisthatgoodrelationshipsdon'tjustprotectourbodies,theyprotectourbrains.Itturnsoutthatbeinginasecurelyattachedrelationshipisprotective.Manypeopleareinrelationshipswheretheycangethelpfromtheotherpersonsintimesofneed.19．So,goodandcloserelationshipsaregoodforourhealthandwell-being.20．Thisiswisdomthat'sasoldasthehills.Now,askyourselfaquestion:Ifyouweregoingtoinvestnowinyourfuturebestself,wherewouldyouputyourtimeandyourenergy?A.Thesepeople'smemoriesstaysharperandlonger.B.We'velearnedthreebiglessonsaboutrelationships.C.Thatistosay,thegoodlifeisbuiltwithgoodrelationships.D.What'smore,they'rephysicallyhealthier,andtheylivelonger.E.Itturnsoutthatlivingintheconflictisreallybadforourhealth.F.Theywillsurprisinglyfindthatthisrelationshipcausementaldecline.G.Peoplelivinginlonelinessareeitherinsorroworterriblehealthcondition.三、完形填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Once,therewasasmall,unkeptandratherpoorvillage.Peoplehadtoworkhardto21．themselves.Johnnylivedinawoodenhutwithhisoldgrandma.Hehaddreamedtomovetoabigcityhehadnever22．before.AllofJohnny'sfriendshadleftforalong23．inbigcities.OnlyJohnny,whowas24．a(chǎn)llsummerlong,andcouldn'tevengotothenearestcityforamoment.Johnny25．walkedintothehutandsankontothemuddybrownsofa."Areyouokay,dear?"Hisgrandmaasked."No!"Johnny26．."Myfriendsarealltakingtripstoothercities,evencountries,andI'm27．inthisplace!"Johnny'sGrandmawas28．."Johnny,"shebegan.Immediately,Johnnyinterrupted."I'mgoingtomyroom!"Hethenbolted(沖)towardshisroom.Oneday,Johnny29．up.Hewalkedoutsidetolookatthegoldensun30．overthehorizon,standingfirmagainsttheoceanandbluesky.Soonafter,hisgrandmawentovertostandnearJohnny."Listen,Johnny,"she31．."Lookattheskyandtheocean.Aren'ttheysplendid?Youwon't32．theminacity,wouldyou?"Justthen,afewwolfcubs(幼崽)couldbe33．a(chǎn)ttheendofthevillage."Seethosewolfcubs?Aren'ttheyso34．?Idon'tthinkyouwouldfindthemcrawlingaroundabigcity."ThismadeJohnny35．howbeautifullifeis,andhe'sluckytoevenliveinavillage.21．A．remind B．support C．enjoy D．behave22．A．visited B．imagined C．described D．introduced23．A．gathering B．treatment C．ceremony D．vacation24．A．curious B．regretful C．bored D．a(chǎn)mused25．A．unhappily B．unbelievably C．unexpectedly D．unconsciously26．A．brokedown B．passeddown C．pointedout D．burstout27．A．interested B．a(chǎn)bsorbed C．stuck D．involved28．A．disappointed B．shocked C．inspired D．a(chǎn)shamed29．A．woke B．turned C．gave D．grew30．A．landing B．wandering C．rising D．burning31．A．recalled B．complained C．shouted D．a(chǎn)nnounced32．A．share B．draw C．find D．miss33．A．bought B．spotted C．raised D．rejected34．A．wonderful B．pitiful C．fierce D．respectful35．A．remember B．imagine C．suspect D．realize四、語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Beijinghad204museums,including18first-classones,bytheendof2021,36．(rank)thetopinChinaandbeingoneofthecitieswiththerichestmuseum37．(resource)intheworld.Recently,BeijingRadio&TelevisionStationlaunchedaculturalprogrammenamed"TheCityofMuseums'',38．deeplyexplorestheuniquevalueofChinesecivilization,39．(interpret)thenationalspiritandshowcasesthecapital'sprofoundculturalconnotationandthecharmofthetimes.Untilnowsixepisodesoftheprogramme40．(broadcast)whilethenumberofdiscussionsofthetopiconlinehasexceeded1billion,providingaculturalfeastfortheaudience.Theshowexploresthebeautyofculturefroma41．(total)newperspective.ThehostsvisitedeightmuseumswithdifferentcharacteristicsinBeijing,42．presentedayet-to-beexploredareaineachmuseumforthefirsttime.Many"treasures"ofthosemuseumsappearedforthefirsttime,such43．thepaintingbytheEmperorQianlong(1711—1799)inWanshouTemple,theoriginalpaintingsinXuBeihongMemorialHall,and44．(return)culturalrelicsintheMuseumofthePrinceGong'sMansion.Throughtheexplorationandexhibition,theaudiencewouldenterthe"hiddenworld"ofthosemuseumsbyfollowingthehosts'steps,learningthebroadnessand45．(deep)ofChinesecivilizationdeeply.五、寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)46．假定你是高中生李華，正在倫敦做交換生。大英博物館(theBritishMuseum)正在招聘兼職導(dǎo)游。請你給招聘負責(zé)人史密斯先生寫一封信，申請這一職位。內(nèi)容如下：1）自我介紹;2）想做兼職導(dǎo)游的原因;3）應(yīng)聘兼職導(dǎo)游的自身優(yōu)勢。注意：1）寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右;2）請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearMr.Smith,……Yourssincerely,LiHua47．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。TheCupofCoffeeItwassupposedtobeanormaltriptothesupermarket.Mysonwaslittle,anditwasgettingclosetotimetohavealittlesleep,soIwasrushingthroughtheaislestryingtoavoidafailure.IrememberfeelingasenseofachievementasIgothimintothecarwithoutanytears.ThenIwenttostartthecarandrealizedmykeysweregone.Afterafewminutesofcheckingaround,IrealizedthatImusthavelockedtheminthetrunkwithmybag.Iwasn'tsurewhattodo,soItookmysonoutofhiscarseatandwentbackinsidethestorewithmycartstillfullofgroceries.IhadtousetheirphonestocallmyhusbandforthesparekeybecausemyphonewasinthebagIhadlockedinthetrunk.Aftermultiplecallsandmessageswithnoanswer,Iwasgettingdiscouraged.Mysonwastiredandbegantocry.Iwastiredbecauseofasleeplessnightthatallmumsgothrough-whentheirkidsareteething.Whenhewentintofull-oncrying,Ifeltthetearscomedownmyface,too.Anemployeeatthestoretappedmeontheshoulderandaskedmetocomewithher.Iwaspanickedforamoment,thinkingthatIwasgoingtobescoldedandthrownintothestorageareatokeepusquiet.Theemployee,whosenameIwouldlaterfindoutwasKelly,tookme,tomysurprise,totheStarbuckscafethatwasinsidethestore.SheaskedmeifIdrankcoffee.WhenIsaidyes,shewalkedovertothecounterandcamebackwithoneforme.ShesaidthatitlookedlikeIwashavingoneofthosedaysandthat,asamum,shehadthem,too.ItoldherhowstupidIfeltlockingmykeysinthecar,andsheassuredmeithappenedtoalotofpeople.Aswetalked,mysonsettledintoasoundsleepinmyarms.注意：1）續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2）請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Afteraboutfifteenminutes,shesaidherbreakwasover.……AfterIgothomethatday,IkeptthinkingaboutwhatKellyhaddoneforme.

答案解析部分【答案】1．A2．D3．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，是旅游機構(gòu)給出旅游前的注意事項，包括：訂票規(guī)定、訂票步驟和一些特殊注意事項?！军c評】考查閱讀理解，包含細節(jié)理解題，是一篇介紹類閱讀，注意先略讀文章，掌握文章大意，再分析題干及選項，到文中找到相關(guān)內(nèi)容并進行理解。1．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)BookingRegulations部分中的"Pleasebookaticketassoonaspossiblebecausetheratesmayvaryatdifferenttimes.”請盡快訂票，因為不同時間票價可能不同?？芍?，費用在不同時期可能有浮動，應(yīng)該盡快訂票。故選A。2．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)BookingProceduresandE-tickets部分中的"Youwillreceiveabookingreceiptbye-mailimmediatelyaftersubmissionofbookinginformation.”在遞交訂位資料后，你會立即以電郵收到訂位收據(jù)。可知，在提交預(yù)定申請后，你將馬上收到以郵件形式發(fā)送的預(yù)定收據(jù)，故選D。3．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)SpecialNotes部分中的"Leavethehotelimmediatelyifyouhearafirealarm.”如果聽到火警，請立即離開酒店?？芍绻懵牭交鹎榫瘓?，馬上離開酒店。故選B。【答案】4．C5．A6．D7．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新聞報道，報道了芝加哥一位婦女努力救助無家可歸者，幫助他們過冬的事跡。【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇新聞報道，要求考生在捕捉細節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。4．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第五段中的"AccordingtoPayne,eachroomcost$70pernight.”根據(jù)Payne的說法，每個房間每晚花費70美元；以及"Strangersdonatedmoney,whichhelpedPaynepayforatotalof60roomsforfivenights.”陌生人的捐款幫助Payne總共支付了5個晚上60個房間的費用?？芍?，每個房間每晚70美元，她一共付了60個房間5個晚上的錢，所以Payne總共付了21,000美元。故選C。5．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的"However，shecouldn'tstopthinkingaboutthehomelesspeopleintheareawhohadnowheretogo.”然而，她無法停止思考在該地區(qū)無家可歸的人，他們無處可去；以及第五段中的"Withouthesitating,shepurchased30roomsforthenightwithhercreditcard.”她毫不猶豫地用信用卡購買了30個房間。可知，Payne是個既善良又大方的人。故選A。6．考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段"Recently,homelesspeopleacrossChicagofacedfreezingtodeathiftheycouldn'tfindshelterforthenight.Thankfully,onelocalwomanrefusedtoletthathappen.”最近，芝加哥各地?zé)o家可歸的人如果找不到過夜的地方，就會被凍死。幸運的是，一位當(dāng)?shù)貗D女拒絕讓這種情況發(fā)生。可知，本文主要講述了芝加哥一位婦女努力救助無家可歸者，幫助他們過冬的事跡。故選D。7．考查推理判斷。通讀全文，根據(jù)第一段"Recently，homelesspeopleacrossChicagofacedfreezingtodeathiftheycouldn'tfindshelterforthenight.Thankfully,onelocalwomanrefusedtoletthathappen.”最近，芝加哥各地?zé)o家可歸的人如果找不到過夜的地方，就會被凍死。幸運的是，一位當(dāng)?shù)貗D女拒絕讓這種情況發(fā)生；以及以及第三段中"‘Noonewantedthem,butonehotel,theAmberInn,thatwasniceenoughtoallowmetobuytherooms,'PaynetoldTODAY.”Payne告訴《今日》：“沒有人想接納他們，但有一家酒店——AmberInn非常好，允許我訂下這些房間。"可知，本文是一篇新聞報道，報道了最近芝加哥一位婦女救助無家可歸者的事跡。故選B?！敬鸢浮?．A9．D10．A11．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了隨著氣溫的上升，英國的蚊蟲更加猖獗，但本土蚊蟲并不會對人產(chǎn)生危害。但是日益升高的溫度可能會導(dǎo)致外來蚊蟲物種的侵入，這可能會給英國帶來麻煩?！军c評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇生活類閱讀，通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，仔細核對，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。8．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段“Thissummer,asthecapitalofEnglandbecamewarmerthanbefore,therehasbeenmanystoriesfromLondonersexperiencingoddinsectbites.EventheLondonUndergroundhasitsownspeciesofmosquitowithaparticularappetiteforhumanblood.”今年夏天，隨著英國首都變得比以前更暖和，倫敦人發(fā)生了許多奇怪的昆蟲叮咬的故事。就連倫敦地鐵也有自己的蚊子，特別喜歡人類的血液?？芍?，本段介紹了隨著溫度的上升，倫敦的人們越來越多地受到蚊蟲叮咬。本段聯(lián)系生活實際，展示了一個蚊蟲日益猖獗的現(xiàn)象，進而引出下文對此現(xiàn)象的剖析。故選A。9．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的"thefemalesofthesespeciesaremoredeadlythanthemales,beingtheonesthatseekoutanimalbloodasextranutritionfortheireggs.”這些物種的雌性比雄性更致命，因為它們會為自己的卵尋找動物的血液作為額外的營養(yǎng)?？芍?，雌性蚊蟲要吸取動物的血為它們的卵提供額外的營養(yǎng)。故選D。10．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的"Thekeythingtoknowabouttheseinsectsisthatthey'refarmoreactiveinwarmweather.”關(guān)鍵要知道，這些昆蟲在溫暖的環(huán)境下更加活躍；以及"Theriseintemperatureseesinsectsgrowfaster.”溫度上升使昆蟲生長更快?？赏茢啵ハx在溫暖的環(huán)境下生長的更快速。故選A。11．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Butastheweatherwarmsupthere'smorechancethat,they'llsurviveandbecomeaproblem,soeffectivemeasuresshouldbetakenassoonaspossible.”NatalieBungay認為，隨著溫度的上升，它們有可能存活下來，造成麻煩，所以我們應(yīng)該盡快采取措施應(yīng)對?？赏浦膽B(tài)度是擔(dān)憂的。故選B?！敬鸢浮?2．D13．C14．B15．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了咀嚼會消耗人體能量。AdamvanCasteren通過做咀嚼軟、硬口香糖消耗能量的實驗證實了這個觀點。但是由于人們每天咀嚼的時間很短，所以不會消耗太多能量?！军c評】本題考點涉及推理判斷，詞義猜測和段落大意三個題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，首先要仔細閱讀短文，掌握大意，然后結(jié)合具體的題目，再讀短文，從中找出相關(guān)信息，就可以確定正確答案。12．考查段落大意。根據(jù)第二段中的"Eachparticipantwasaskedtochewtwotypesofgum—onesoftandtheothertough—sotheycouldcomparetheeffectsofthegum'spropertiesontheparticipants'energyuse.”每個參與者都被要求咀嚼兩種類型的口香糖——一種是軟的，一種是硬的——這樣他們就可以比較口香糖的特性對參與者能量消耗的影響?？芍?，本段主要講述AdamvanCasteren通過做咀嚼軟、硬口香糖的實驗來測定咀嚼對人體能量的消耗，即一個有關(guān)咀嚼口香糖消耗能量的實驗。故選D。13．考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第三段中的"chewingthesoftgumincreasedenergyexpenditurebyabout10percent,whilechewingthetoughergumincreasedthisusebyaround15percent.”嚼軟口香糖會增加10%的能量消耗，而嚼硬口香糖會增加15%的能量消耗?？芍?，咀嚼軟口香糖增加百分之十的能量消耗，而咀嚼硬口香糖增加百分之十五的能量消耗。本句中energyexpenditure和thisuse表達同一個意思，所以expenditure的意思是"消耗"。故選C。14．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段"Thefindingssuggestthattheenergyuserequiredtochewalsoexplainwhywedevelopedsuchstrongteethfortheaction.Anyamountofenergylostwhilechewingfood，makesthemealalessefficientsourceofenergy,sowemustfinishtheactionassoonaspossible.”研究結(jié)果表明，咀嚼所需的能量也解釋了為什么我們的牙齒如此強壯。在咀嚼食物時損失的任何能量都會使這頓飯的能量來源變得更低，所以我們必須盡快完成這個動作?？芍@些發(fā)現(xiàn)表明，咀嚼造成的能量消耗也解釋了為什么我們會進化出咀嚼所需的鋒利的牙齒?？赏浦?，長鋒利的牙齒是為了盡快完成咀嚼的動作，進而降低咀嚼所消耗的能量。故選B。15．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Itwillcontributelessthan1percentoftotaldailyenergyusebecauseofrelativelyshortdailychewingtime.”由于每天的咀嚼時間相對較短，它只占每日總能量消耗的不到1%?？芍?，由于每天咀嚼的時間相對較短，每天咀嚼所消耗的能量占比小于百分之一，可推知，DylanThompson可能認為在日常生活中，咀嚼不會消耗太多能量。故選C。【答案】16．B；17．D；18．E；19．A；20．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，闡釋了好的社會關(guān)系讓我們健康快樂。第一，社會關(guān)系讓我們更快樂、身體更好。第二，良好的社會關(guān)系才能產(chǎn)生益處。第三，良好的社會關(guān)系不僅保護身體，還能保護大腦。所以，我們應(yīng)該考慮一個問題：我們應(yīng)該把時間和精力投資在何處？

【點評】考查七選五，本文是一篇教育類閱讀，要求在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，著重考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。16．根據(jù)第二段中的"Thefirstisthatsocialconnectionsarereallygoodforus”第一，社會關(guān)系對我們真的很好；第三段中"Sothesecondbiglessonthatwelearnedisthatit'snotjustthenumberoffriendsyouhave,andit'snotwhetherornotyou'reinacommittedrelationship,butit'sthequalityofyourcloserelationshipsthatmatters”因此，我們學(xué)到的第二個重要事情是，重要的不僅僅是你有多少朋友，也不是你是否處于一段忠誠的關(guān)系中，而是你親密關(guān)系的質(zhì)量；以及第四段中的"Andthethirdbiglessonthatwelearnedaboutrelationshipsisthatgoodrelationshipsdon'tjustprotectourbodies,theyprotectourbrains”我們從人際關(guān)系中學(xué)到的第三個重要事情是，良好的人際關(guān)系不僅能保護我們的身體，還能保護我們的大腦?？芍?，下文要從三個方面來闡釋社會關(guān)系。B選項中"threebiglessons"與之相對應(yīng)，B.We'velearnedthreebiglessonsaboutrelationships.“我們已經(jīng)從人際關(guān)系中吸取了三大教訓(xùn)?！狈险Z境，故選B。17．根據(jù)空前"Itturnsoutthatpeoplewhoaremoresociallyconnectedtoothersarehappier”事實證明，與他人社會關(guān)系更密切的人更幸福；以及空后"Onthecontrary,theexperienceoflonelinessturnsouttobeharmful”相反，孤獨的經(jīng)歷是有害的。可知，前后內(nèi)容相反，該空處應(yīng)該進一步說明，有更多社會聯(lián)系的好處。故選D。18．根據(jù)空后"High-conflictmarriages,forexample,withoutmuchlove,turnouttobeverybadforourhealth”例如，沒有太多愛的高沖突婚姻對我們的健康非常不利?？芍谂e例子說明，生活中的沖突對我們的健康不好，E.Itturnsoutthatlivingintheconflictisreallybadforourhealth.“事實證明，生活在沖突中對我們的健康確實有害。”與之相符，符合語境，故選E。19．根據(jù)空前"Itturnsoutthatbeinginasecurelyattachedrelationshipisprotective”處在安穩(wěn)的關(guān)系中對人是有保護作用的；以及"Manypeopleareinrelationshipswheretheycangethelpfromtheotherpersonsintimesofneed”許多人處于一種關(guān)系中，他們可以在需要時從其他人那里獲得幫助。可知，A選項的"Thesepeople"就是代指上文的"manypeople"，A選項的"memoriesstaysharperandlonger"又和本段的"thatgoodrelationshipsdon'tjustprotectourbodies,theyprotectourbrains"中的"protectourbrains"相呼應(yīng)。A.Thesepeople'smemoriesstaysharperandlonger.“這些人的記憶更清晰、更長久?！狈险Z境，故選A。20．根據(jù)空前"So,goodandcloserelationshipsaregoodforourhealthandwell-being”因此，良好而親密的關(guān)系有利于我們的健康和幸福?？芍?，C項是對上一句話的總結(jié)和深化。C選項中的"goodrelationships"與之相對應(yīng)，C.Thatistosay,thegoodlifeisbuiltwithgoodrelationships.“也就是說，美好的生活是建立在良好的人際關(guān)系中的?！狈险Z境，故選C?！敬鸢浮?1．B；22．A；23．D；24．C；25．A；26．D；27．C；28．B；29．A；30．C；31．D；32．C；33．B；34．A；35．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，文章講述了一個相當(dāng)貧窮，破舊不堪小村莊，有一個年輕的少年約翰尼，他和老奶奶住在一間木屋里。約翰尼曾夢想搬到一個更大的城市。有一天奶奶的話讓約翰尼意識到，生活是多么美好，他很幸運能住在一個村莊里。

【點評】考查完形填空，本題考點涉及動詞，名詞，形容詞，副詞，固定短語等多個知識點的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考生在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行分析推理，從而選出正確答案。21．句意：人們得努力工作來養(yǎng)活他們自己。A.remind“提醒”；B.support“支持”；C.enjoy“享受”；D.behave“表現(xiàn)”。根據(jù)上文"asmall,unkeptandratherpoorvillage”一個相當(dāng)貧窮的，破舊不堪的小村莊，可知這個村莊很窮，人們得努力工作來養(yǎng)活他們自己。故選B。22．句意：約翰尼夢想搬到他以前從來沒有去過的大城市。A.visited“參觀，拜訪”；B.imagined“想象”；C.described“描繪，描述”；D.introduced“介紹”。根據(jù)下文"couldn'tevengotothenearestcityforamoment”他甚至一次都沒有去過最近的城市?？芍s翰尼從來沒有去過別的地方，因此他的夢想是搬到他以前從來沒有拜訪過的大城市。故選A。23．句意：約翰尼的朋友們都去了大城市度假。A.gathering“團聚”；B.treatment“治療”；C.ceremony“儀式”；D.vacation“假期”。根據(jù)下文"Myfriendsarealltakingtripstoothercities”我的朋友們都去其他城市旅行了?？膳袛?，約翰尼的朋友們是去了大城市度假。故選D。24．句意：只有約翰尼，他整個夏天都很無聊，甚至連最近的城市都不能去。A.curious“好奇的”；B.regretful“后悔的”；C.bored“無聊的”；D.amused“好笑的”。根據(jù)空后"couldn'tevengotothenearestcityforamoment”他甚至一次都沒有去過最近的城市?？芍s翰尼從來沒有去過別的地，所以約翰尼厭倦了在村子里度過長長的暑假。故選C。25．句意：約翰尼怏怏不樂地走進小屋，倒在暗褐色沙發(fā)上。A.unhappily“不開心地”；B.unbelievably“難以置信地”；C.unexpectedly“出乎意料地”；D.unconsciously“不知不覺地”。根據(jù)下文"‘Areyouokay,dear?'Hisgrandmaasked.‘No!'"可知約翰尼郁悶地走進小屋，倒在暗褐色沙發(fā)上。故選A。26．句意："不！"約翰尼大喊道。A.brokedown“分解”；B.passeddown“傳下來”；C.pointedout“指出”；D.burstout“大聲叫喊”。根據(jù)上文"OnlyJohnny,whowas4allsummerlong,andcouldn'tevengotothenearestcityforamoment.”只有約翰尼，他整個夏天都很無聊，甚至連最近的城市都不能去。約翰尼看到朋友們都能去大城市度假，自己卻只能待在這個小村莊里，心情特別不好，因此根據(jù)約翰尼所說的話可知，約翰尼是大聲叫喊著說的。故選D。27．句意：我的朋友們都去其他城市，甚至國家，而我被困在這個地方！A.interested“感興趣的”；B.absorbed“極感興趣的，全神貫注的”；C.stuck“困住的”；D.involved“復(fù)雜的”。根據(jù)上文"OnlyJohnny,whowasboredallsummerlong,andcouldn'tevengotothenearestcityforamoment.”只有約翰尼，他整個夏天都很無聊，甚至連最近的城市都不能去。約翰尼一整個夏天都在村子里，根據(jù)語境和約翰尼的情緒可知，約翰尼覺得自己被困在這個小地方。故選C。28．句意：約翰尼的奶奶非常的吃驚。A.disappointed“失望的”；B.shocked“震驚的”；C.inspired“受鼓舞的”；D.ashamed“感到羞愧的”。根據(jù)上文"I'm7inthisplace!”我被困在這個地方了！以及約翰尼的情緒以及所說的話可知，奶奶很震驚。故選B。29．句意：一天，約翰尼醒來了。A.woke“清醒”；B.turned“變得”；C.gave“給”；D.grew“生長”。根據(jù)下文"Hewalkedoutsidetolookatthegoldensun”他走出門看到了金色的太陽?？芍绯科鸫仓蟛拍芸吹教?。故選A。30．句意：他走到外面，看著金色的太陽從地平線上升起，堅定地站在大海和藍天的襯托下。A.landing“登陸”；B.wandering“漫步”；C.rising“升起”；D.burning“燃燒”。根據(jù)語境可知，早晨的太陽是從地平線升起。故選C。31．句意："聽著，約翰尼。"她鄭重地說道。A.recalled“回憶起”；B.complained“抱怨”；C.shouted“大喊