語法專題六形容詞和副詞-2023年中考語法一點通（學生版）

語法專題六、形容詞和副詞（必考）考點考點精講考點1：形容詞、副詞的基本用法(1)形容詞一般放在名詞前面,be動詞后面。副詞一般放在動詞后面或形容詞前面，副詞一般以ly結(jié)尾。（特例ly結(jié)尾的形容詞：friendly友好的,lovely可愛的,lively活潑的）但有的動詞后面只能用形容詞。如?？荚~：五個感官動詞：look，feel，smell，taste，sound；四個變得：turn，get，bee，go(變質(zhì))；四個句型：keep，make，think,make/stay如：Thebookisinteresting.Thisisaninterestingbook.Theboylookssad.(2)形容詞修飾復合不定代詞(something，anything，nothing，everything，somebodyanybody，nobody，everybody，everyone)時，要放在這些復合不定代詞的后面。如：Theteacherhassomethingimportanttotellus.(3)enough(足夠)放在名詞前面，形容詞、副詞后面。如：Idon'thaveenoughmoneytobuythebike.(2022·云南省昆明市·單元測試)—Howaboutthefruitsalad?

—Yummy!Ittastesvery______.Bytheway,whomadeit?A.good B.bad C.well D.badly考點2：形容詞、副詞的比較級、最高級的變化規(guī)則基本變化規(guī)則例詞(1)一般情況下比較級在詞尾直接加er，最高級加est。small—smaller—smalleststrong—stronger—strongest(2)以e結(jié)尾的詞，在詞尾加r構(gòu)成比較級，加st構(gòu)成最高級。nice—nicer—nicestlate—later—latest(3)以輔音字母＋y結(jié)尾的詞，把y改i，再加er構(gòu)成比較級，加est構(gòu)成最高級。heavy—heavier—heaviesteasy—easier—easiest(4)以一個輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，雙寫輔音字母，再加er或est構(gòu)成比較級和最高級。big—bigger—biggesthot—hotter—hottestfatfatterfattestredredderreddestthinthinnerthinnest(5)其他雙音節(jié)或多音節(jié)詞在詞前加more構(gòu)成比較級，加most構(gòu)成最高級,最高級前加theimportant—moreimportant—mostimportantstrongly—morestrongly—moststronglycarefullymorecarefullymostcarefully不規(guī)則變化的詞many/much–more–mostgood/well–betterbestbad/badly/ill–worse–worstlittle—less—leastfar—farther—farthest(距離遠)far—further—furthest(深入的，)old—older—oldest(歲數(shù)大，東西舊)/old—elder—eldest(輩份大)形容詞等級口訣比較級要變化，一般詞尾加er，詞尾若有啞音就可以直接加r。一輔重讀閉音節(jié)，輔音字母要雙寫。輔音字母后有y，把y改成i。最高級加est，莫忘前面加the。形容詞若是多音節(jié)，記得前面加more、most?？键c3：形容詞、副詞的基本句型(1)原級的用法句型例句①very，quite，rather，too，enough，so等詞修飾原級①Thestreetisverybusy.②Thebookisquiteinteresting.②表示A與B一樣時，用：A…＋as＋原級＋as＋B(和……一樣)①TomisastallasKate.②TomrunsasquicklyasKate③表示A不如B時，用：A…＋not＋as/so＋原級＋as＋B(不如)①Thisstoryisn'tas/sointerestingasthatone.②Mybrotherdoesn'twriteas/sowellasme.(2)比較級的用法（兩者的比較或選擇）句型例句比較級＋than＋被比較的對象①Heistallerthanhisfather.②Whojumpshigher，TomorJim？②比較級＋and＋比較級moreandmore＋原級①hotterandhotter越來越熱②moreandmoreuseful越來越有用③the＋比較級，the＋比較級（越……，越……）①Themoreyoutakeexercise，thehealthieryouwillbe.④less+原級+than（不如）①Theroomislessbeautifulthanthatone.⑤the+比較級+ofthetwo（兩者中更…:）①Jimisthetallerofthetwo.注意：比較級前面還可以用以下詞來修飾：much（得多），alittle/abit(有點)，even（甚至），far（遠遠地），still（仍然），threetimes（三倍）等。例如：Whynotgetupalittleearlier？Thebookistwicecheaperthanthatone.(3)最高級的用法（三者或以上的比較或選擇）句型例句①the＋最高級＋of/in＋比較的范圍①Iamtheearliestinmyclasseveryday.②Whichdoyoulikebest,English,Chineseormath?②oneofthe＋最高級＋名詞復數(shù)(最……之一)①Thisisoneofthemostexpensivepaintingsintheworld.③the＋序數(shù)詞＋最高級＋名詞單數(shù)(第幾最……)①ShanghaiisthefirstlargestcityinChina.注意：(1)形容詞最高級前有物主代詞修飾時不用the：Heismybestfriend.(2)同類事物才能夠相比較：TheweatherinGuangzhouishotterthanthatinBeijing.(2014·天津市·歷年真題)LiuXiangisoneof

runnersintheworld．A.famous B.more

famous C.most

famous D.the

most

famous考點4【易混詞辨析】(1)alone，lonely①alone形容詞，“單獨的，獨自的”。副詞，“獨自地”。②lonely形容詞，“孤獨的，寂寞的，荒涼的”。如Helivesalone,buthedoesn’tfeellonely.(2)good，well①good形容詞，“好的”。②well副詞，是“好地”意思。作形容詞時是“身體健康的”。作名詞時是“井”。(3)interesting，interested，interest①interesting形容詞，“有趣的”。②interested形容詞，“感到有趣的”。常用詞組：beinterestedin(對……感興趣)③interest名詞，“興趣，愛好”。動詞，“使某人感興趣”。注意：ing類形容詞常用來形容物。ed類形容詞常用來形容人的感覺。Moststudentsareexcitedabouttheexcitingfilm.(4)hard，hardly①hard形容詞，“大的，困難的，硬的”。副詞，“大地，努力地”。②hardly副詞，“幾乎不”。(5)sometimes，sometimes，sometime，sometime①sometimes幾次或幾倍②sometimes有時＝attimes③sometime過去或?qū)淼哪硞€時候④sometime一段時間(6)muchtoo，toomuch，toomany①muchtoo＋形容詞、副詞原級；表示“非常，極其，太”②toomuch＋不可數(shù)名詞；表示“太多”。③toomany＋名詞復數(shù)；表示“太多”。(7)so，such“如此；這樣”①so＋adj./adv.;如Sheissobeautiful.她是如此的美麗。②such(＋a/an)＋adj.＋n.如Sheissuchabeautifulgirl.她是如此美麗的一個女孩兒。(8)either，too，alsoeither和too都放于句尾。either用于否定句，too用于肯定句。also用于句子中間。Wealsowenttoseeafilm.考點5詞義辨析形容詞和副詞還有一個重要考點就是詞義辨析，根據(jù)題意選擇正確的形容詞或副詞。所以背誦單詞是基礎(chǔ)，同學們一定要堅持每天背誦單詞，爛熟于心?？键c精練考點精練中考語法—形容詞和副詞專項練習（共計50小題，每小題2分，總分100分。）She

lived

_________in

a

small

village，but

she

didn't

feel__________．A.lonely，lonely B.alone，lonely C.lonely，aloneThisbookisnot______thatone.A.asgoodas B.sogoodthan C.aswellas D.sobetterthanWedon’thave_________,sowecan’tdothework___________.A.enoughtime;wellenough B.enoughtime;goodenoughC.timeenough;enoughgood D.enoughtime;enoughwellAsanadult,hemustwork______tomake______tosupporthisfamily.A.hardlyenough;enoughmoney B.enoughhard;enoughmoneyC.hardlyenough;moneyenough D.hardenough;enoughmoney—Haveyoubought_________forLinda’sbirthday?—Notexactly.Justsomeflowers.A.somethingunusual B.anythingunusualC.unusualsomething D.unusualanything—Isthere______intoday?snewspaper?

—Yes,quitealot.A.anythinginteresting B.somethinginterestingC.interestinganything D.interestingsomethingTomakerivers_______________thanbefore，everybodyissupposedtoprotectthem．A.dirty B.dirtier C.clean D.cleanerI

failed

to

catch

the

last

bus

on

that

cold

winter

night.I

couldn't

feel

then.A.more

excited B.more

terribleC.the

most

excited D.the

most

terribleMytimeinthemiddleschoolwas______oneofperiodsofmylife.A.exciting B.more

excitingC.the

more

exciting D.the

most

exciting—Let'sgooutfora

walk.—You'dbetternot.Thesedaystheairisgettingmuch______thanitwasbefore.A.better B.worse C.cleaner D.easier—Whatdoyouthinkofthefilm?—It's_______filmI'veeverseen.A.themostexcited B.moreexcitedC.themostexciting D.moreexcitingTomstudies______,sohe______failstheexam.A.hardly;

hardly B.hard;

hardly C.hard;

hard D.hardly;

hardMy

cousin

is

____heavy

because

he

often

eats

____fast

food.A.much

too;too

many B.too

much;too

muchC.much

too;too

much The

woman

is______fat

because

she

eats______

junk

food.A.much

too;too

much B.much

too;much

tooC.too

much;too

much D.too

many;much

tooItwas______forustosolvethemathproblem,fewofuscouldevenunderstandit.A.easy

enough B.enough

easyC.difficult

enough D.enough

difficultClothshoesbecamepopularduringtheMingDynasty,______inSichuanprovince.A.hardly B.nearly C.really D.especially—Isyourfatherstrictwithyou?—Yes.Hetakesmygradesas______asmyteachersdo.A.serious B.more

serious C.seriously D.more

seriouslyTina______drivestowork.Buttodayshedrivesbecauseoftherain.A.always B.often C.sometimes D.hardly—Yourhandwritingisbeautiful.—Thankyou,Iwrite_________

thanbefore.A.careful B.morecareful C.morecarefully D.carefullyIt

is

______for

him

to

get

to

school

on

time，because

it

is

raining

______．A.hard；hardly B.hardly；hard C.hard；hard—Hello,Jenny.Ican'tfindmymathbook______.Didyouseeit?—Sorry,Ididn't.A.everywhere B.anywhere C.somewhere D.nowhereMyfatherisverybusy.He________hassparetime.A.always B.usually C.seldom D.sometimes______youstudy,thebettergradesyouwillget.A.Hard B.Harder C.Theharder D.Thehardest—May

I

be

allowed

to

choose

a

summer

course？—It's

up

to

you．

You're

____

to

make

your

own

decision．A.too

old B.enough

old C.old

enoughJenny,it'stimetopracticethepiano.______youpractice,_______you'llplay.A.More;

better B.More;

worseC.Themore;

thebetter D.Theless;

thebetterLearn______,andyouwillbeasuccessfullearner.A.wisely B.lazily C.quickly D.blindlyThespecialsintherestauranttaste

andsell

.Manycustomersehereonweekends.A.well；good B.good；good C.good；wellRoyisagreatdancer.Hedances_______thanothers.A.beautifully B.more

beautifullyC.less

beautifully D.most

beautifullyNoraopenedthebox.Tohersurprise,______itwasagoldwatch.A.outside B.inside C.beside D.behindThecoachthinks________ofMary'ssportstalents,forshejumpedvery________atthesportsmeeting.A.high;high B.highly;highly C.high;highly D.highly;highHaveyouseenmymobilephone,Sam?Ican'tfindit______.A.everywhere B.somewhere C.nowhere D.anywhereToavoidmakingmistakes,pleasereadthequestions______

beforeyouanswerthem.A.careful B.careless C.carefully D.carelessly—Howoftendoyouusuallygotoworkbysubway?—______.Ialwaystakea

bus,

becausethereisnosubwayinthiscity.A.Sometimes B.Often C.Never D.Seldom—Whydidn′tyougototheparty?—Itbegantorain________whenIwantedtogoout.A.heavy B.heavily C.hardly D.strongThemodelSydneyOperaHouselooks

______therealoneinAustralia.A.aswonderfulas B.aswonderfullyasC.sowonderfulas D.sowonderfullyasThistempleisoneof______buildingsinthetown.Wemusttakeactiontoprotectit.A.old B.older C.oldest D.theoldestKateis

girl.She'sveryhappyatschool.A.aeighteenyearold B.aneighteenyearoldC.aneighteenyearsold D.aeighteenyearsoldWhatbadweather!Theradiosaysitwillbeeven________tomorrow.A.bad B.badly C.worse D.worstYouaredoinggreat!I'veneverhad___________answerbefore.A.better B.best C.a

better D.the

bestMost

of

the

people

in

Tibet

are

getting__________．A.more

and

more

rich B.more

rich

and

more

richC.richer

and

richer D.richer

and

richest—HowdoyoulikeHarryPotterandthePhilosopher'sStone?—Itis________bookI________sinceGradeTwo.A.the

most

interested；

have

read B.a

more

interested；

readC.the

most

interesting；

have

read D.a

more

interesting；

read—Arethese_