2023-2024學年遼寧省大連市高一下學期7月期末英語試題（解析版）

高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1遼寧省大連市2023-2024學年高一下學期7月期末英語試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AApodcastisasoundfilesimilartoaradiobroadcast,whichcanbedownloadedandlistenedtoonyourphoneorPad.Ifyouwanttogetentertainedorlearnsomethingnew,herearesomemostexcitingpodcastseries.SixthSensePamSica’sfriendssaidsheshouldputherdogtosleep.Afterall,the15-year-oldgoldenretrieverwasagingand—tomakemattersworse—wasnowactingstrangely.Alongstoryaboutafamily’slovefortheirdogandhowhepaidthembackinthemostshockingway.ThinkFast,TalkSmartWeallhavetheabilitytoexpressourselvesmoreclearly,especiallyatwork.StanfordGraduateSchoolofBusinesslecturerMattAbrahamsdiscussesreal-worldchallengesandofferstipssuchaswritingbetteremailsandpreparingformeetingsandpresentations.ASongofIceandFireForthosewholikelonglistens,GeorgeR.R.Martinsseriesclaimsthe(Iron)Throne(王冠).Thefirststory,the33-hour-longGameofThrones,wonaGuinnessWorldRecordforthe“mostcharactervoicesinanaudio-book”with224charactersalone.Unreal:ACriticalHistoryofRealityTVSinceitexplodedintheearly2000swithshowslikeBigBrotherandSurvivor,realityTVhasbothfascinatedandamazedviewers.TheBBC’sSirinKaleandPandoraSykesexplorethemessuchastheKardashians’creationofcelebrity(網紅),andwhySellingSunsetandRealHousewivesaresosuccessful.1.Whichpodcasthelpsimprovecommunicativeskills?A.SixthSense.B.Unreal:ACriticalHistoryofRealityTV.C.ThinkFast,TalkSmart.D.ASongofIceandFire.2.Howmanypodcastsaresuitableforlistenerswhoarefondoflongstories?A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four.3.WhatisthepodcastUnreal:ACriticalHistoryofRealityTVabout?A.Discoveringthetruthbehindthescenes.B.Teachinghowtobetrainedasacelebrity.C.Providingsurvivalskillsinthewild.D.CriticizingtheshowsgivenbyBBC.〖答案〗1.C2.A3.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了四種不同類型的播客系列，包括它們的內容和特點?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據ThinkFast,TalkSmart部分中“Weallhavetheabilitytoexpressourselvesmoreclearly,especiallyatwork.

StanfordGraduateSchoolofBusinesslecturerMattAbrahamsdiscussesreal-worldchallengesandofferstipssuchaswritingbetteremailsandpreparingformeetingsandpresentations.”（我們都有能力更清楚地表達自己，尤其是在工作中。斯坦福商學院講師馬特·亞伯拉罕斯討論了現(xiàn)實世界中的挑戰(zhàn)，并提供了如何寫更好的電子郵件和為會議和演講做準備的技巧。）可知，ThinkFast,TalkSmart這個播客有助于提高溝通技巧。故選C項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據ASongOfIceAndFire部分中的“Forthosewholikelonglistens…”（對于那些喜歡長時間收聽的人……）可知，只有ASongOfIceAndFire這個播客提到適合喜歡長時間聽故事的人。故選A項。【3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據Unreal:ACriticalHistoryofRealityTV部分中的“TheBBC’sSirinKaleandPandoraSykesexplorethemessuchastheKardashians’creationofcelebrity(網紅),andwhySellingSunsetandRealHousewivesaresosuccessful.”（BBC的西里恩·凱勒和潘多拉·賽克斯探討了諸如卡戴珊家族如何創(chuàng)造網紅，以及為什么《日落家園》和《真實主婦》如此成功等主題。）可知，Unreal:ACriticalHistoryofRealityTV這個播客是關于真人秀節(jié)目背后的真相的探討。故選A項。BThefounderofEarthDaywasGaylordNelson,thenaU.S.Senator(參議員).Duringthelate1960s,Americansexperiencedtheunexpectedsideeffectsofhighproductivityofindustry.Factoriesweregivingoutsmokewhileleadedpetrolwereusedforvehicles,makingairpollutionincreasinglysevere.WhatmovedSenatorNelsontoactionwasthe1969massiveoilspill(溢出)inCalifornia,whichhadkilledabout3,500seabirds,besidesseaanimalslikedolphinsandseals,causinggreatpublicanger.Inspiredbythestudentantiwarmovementatthattime,Nelsonfounditapropertimetochanneltheenergyofthestudentstowardsafightforenvironmentalprotection.Andthesure-firewaywasthroughpublicpressure.ThusEarthDaywasbornin1970,andpublicenvironmentalawarenesstookcenterstage.On22ndApril1970,millionsofAmericanstooktothestreetstodemonstrateforasustainableenvironmentandthousandsofstudentsmarchedagainsttheworseningenvironment.Differentgroupswerenowworkingtogetherforasharedgoal—environmentalconservationandtheeffortbecameeffective.Thegovernmenttooktoughermeasuresandaffectedbusinesseswereforcedtofollowstandards.Asenvironmentalissueswerenotjustlocalizedonesbutaglobalconcern,theyear1990sawEarthDayreachouttomanymorearoundtheworld.EarthDay1990helpedpavethewayforthe1992UnitedNationsEarthSummitinRiodeJaneiro,bringingtogethermanynationsforajointefforttowardsprotectingtheenvironment.ForhisroleasfounderofEarthDay,SenatorNelsonwasawardedthePresidentialMedalofFreedom(1995),thehighesthonourintheUSA,bythenUSPresidentClinton.Wesalute(致敬)theman,asthefightforcleanerenvironmentcontinues.4.WhatmotivatedSenatorNelsontostartEarthDay?A.Highproductivityofindustry.B.Increasinglysevereairpollution.C.The1969oilspillintheUSA.D.Thestudents’involvementinwar.5.WhatplayedanessentialroleinthebirthofEarthDay?A.Students’movement. B.Strictregulations.C.Government’smeasures. D.Publicpressure.6.InwhichyeardidEarthDaystarttodrawtheworld’sattention?A.1970. B.1990. C.1992. D.1995.7.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.TheestablishmentofEarthDay.B.Theeffortofgoinggreenglobally.C.Fightingforcleanerenvironment.D.HonoringthefounderofEarthDay.〖答案〗4.C5.D6.B7.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了地球日創(chuàng)始人蓋洛德?尼爾森創(chuàng)辦地球日的由來，以及為提高公眾保護環(huán)境意識、為保護地球所作出的貢獻。【4題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段中“WhatmovedSenatorNelsontoactionwasthe1969massiveoilspillinCalifornia(促使參議員尼爾森采取行動的是1969年加州發(fā)生的大規(guī)模石油泄漏)”可知，1969年美國加州的石油泄漏事件促使參議員尼爾森采取行動創(chuàng)辦了地球日。故選C項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段中“Andthesure-firewaywasthroughpublicpressure.ThusEarthDaywasbornin1970,andpublicenvironmentalawarenesstookcenterstage.(而確保成功的方法是通過公眾的壓力。于是，1970年地球日誕生了，公眾環(huán)保意識成為了中心議題)”可知，在地球日的誕生過程中，公眾壓力起到了至關重要的作用。故選D項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據第四段中“Asenvironmentalissueswerenotjustlocalizedonesbutaglobalconcern,theyear1990sawEarthDayreachouttomanymorearoundtheworld.(由于環(huán)境問題不僅僅是局部問題，而是一個全球性的問題，1990年，地球日吸引了世界各地更多人的關注)”可知，地球日在1990年開始引起全世界的關注。故選B項?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其根據第一段中“ThefounderofEarthDaywasGaylordNelson,thenaU.S.Senator(參議員).(地球日的創(chuàng)始人是蓋洛德·納爾遜，當時他是美國參議員)”、第二段中“ ThusEarthDaywasbornin1970,andpublicenvironmentalawarenesstookcenterstage.(于是，1970年地球日誕生了，公眾的環(huán)保意識占據了舞臺的中心)”和最后一段中“ForhisroleasfounderofEarthDay,SenatorNelsonwasawardedthePresidentialMedalofFreedom(1995),thehighesthonourintheUSA,bythenUSPresidentClinton.Wesalute(致敬)theman,asthefightforcleanerenvironmentcontinues.(由于他作為地球日的創(chuàng)始人，納爾遜參議員被當時的美國總統(tǒng)克林頓授予總統(tǒng)自由勛章(1995)，這是美國的最高榮譽。我們向他致敬，為更清潔的環(huán)境而戰(zhàn)。)”可知，文章主要介紹了地球日創(chuàng)始人蓋洛德?尼爾森創(chuàng)辦地球日的由來，以及為共同努力保護環(huán)境所作出的貢獻；由此可知，本文的主旨是紀念地球日的創(chuàng)始人GaylordNelson，D項“HonoringthefounderofEarthDay(紀念地球日的創(chuàng)始人)”符合本文主旨。故選D項。CAlmosteveryoneagreesthatartisimportant,buttheydisagreeonwhethergovernments,usingtaxpayers’publicmoney,shouldbefundingit.Also,ifgovernmentsdospendmoneyonart,whatartworksshouldtheybuyandforwhatpurpose?Mostgovernmentspurchasewell-knownartworksforpublicgalleries,suchastheMetropolitaninNewYork,theNationalGalleryinLondon,theLouvreinParisandtheUffiziinFlorence,whichareallfreetothepublic.Mostpeopledonotobjecttopublicmoneybeingspentonkeepinggreatartworksavailabletothepubliceye.However,therearesometypesthepublicareoftennotsohappyaboutsupporting.Inthe1980swhenmostpeopleseemedtohavelostinterestinart,theTurnerPrizewasstartedinordertoregainpublic’sattentionagain.Thisisacontemporaryartawardsupportedbytaxpayers.In1999,theTurnerPrizecameundergreatpubliccriticismwhenTraceyEminwasshortlistedfortheprizeforherworkcalled“MyBed”.“MyBed”washeractualbedwhichshehadlaininfordaysfollowingarelationshipbreakup.Tosome,thiswasabreakthroughandsomevisitorsevenjumpedintothebedandrolledaround.Toothers,itwassimplyadiveintothedepthsofhumandepravity(墮落).Butisthekindof“work”donebyEmin“art”?Andshouldthepublicpayforit,especiallywhenitissocontroversial(有爭議的)?Westernartiscertainlyatacrossroads.Doesitkeepexploringthedarksideordoesitseekanidealbeauty?Perhapstheanswerdependsonthepublicatlargeandthevaluestheyhold.ManypeoplewerepleasedwhenRichardWrightwontheTurnerPrizein2009withhisfresco(壁畫).Itsartisticbeauty,poeticnatureanduseofhistorictraditionmightshowsthatsocietyislookingforsomethingmorepositiveand“rooted”initshistoryagain.Ifpublicmoneyisspentonart,itisessentialthatthepublicplayakeyroleindebatingbothart,andwhatarttheyarewillingtopayfor.8.WhyaresomegalleriesmentionedinParagraph2?A.Theyarewellknownworldwide. B.Theyappealtothepublic.C.Theyofferfreeadmission. D.Theyarepubliclyfunded.9.Whatdoweknowabout“Mybed”?A.It’sacontroversialpainting. B.Itcausedopposingreactions.C.Itseeksidealbeautyandtruth. D.Itgoesagainstcontemporaryart.10.Whichwordcanbestdescribethepublic’sattitudetoWright’sfresco?A.Appreciative. B.Opposed. C.Doubtful. D.Unhappy.11.Whoshouldhavethefinalsayonpublicinvestmentinartaccordingtothepassage?A.Artists. B.Thegovernment. C.Taxpayers. D.TurnerPrizewinners.〖答案〗8.C9.B10.A11.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。主要討論政府是否應該使用納稅人的錢來資助藝術，以及如果資助，應該購買什么樣的藝術品以及購買的目的?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第二段中“Mostgovernmentspurchasewell-knownartworksforpublicgalleries,suchastheMetropolitaninNewYork,theNationalGalleryinLondon,theLouvreinParisandtheUffiziinFlorence,whichareallfreetothepublic.”（大多數(shù)政府為公共畫廊購買知名藝術品，如紐約的大都會博物館、倫敦的國家美術館、巴黎的盧浮宮和佛羅倫薩的烏菲茲美術館，這些都是免費向公眾開放的。）可推知，段中提及這些畫廊的目的是為了說明它們都是政府出資的公共畫廊，向公眾免費開放。故選C項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段中“In1999,theTurnerPrizecameundergreatpubliccriticismwhenTraceyEminwasshortlistedfortheprizeforherworkcalled“MyBed”.”（1999年，當特雷西·艾敏因作品《我的床》入圍特納獎時，特納獎受到了公眾的強烈批評。）可知，《我的床》這件作品引發(fā)了人們對特納獎的反對。故選B項?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據最后一段中“ManypeoplewerepleasedwhenRichardWrightwontheTurnerPrizein2009withhisfresco(壁畫).Itsartisticbeauty,poeticnatureanduseofhistorictraditionmightshowsthatsocietyislookingforsomethingmorepositiveand“rooted”initshistoryagain.”（當理查德·賴特憑借他的壁畫獲得2009年特納獎時，許多人都很高興。它的藝術美、詩性和對歷史傳統(tǒng)的利用可能表明，社會正在重新尋找更積極、更“扎根”于歷史的東西。）可知，人們對查德·賴特的壁畫持欣賞的態(tài)度，故用形容詞appreciative(欣賞的，贊賞的)。故選A項?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據最后一段中“Ifpublicmoneyisspentonart,itisessentialthatthepublicplayakeyroleindebatingbothart,andwhatarttheyarewillingtopayfor.”（如果公共資金被用于藝術，那么公眾必須在辯論藝術和他們愿意為之付費的藝術方面發(fā)揮關鍵作用。）可知，公眾，即納稅人，應該對公共投資藝術有最終發(fā)言權。故選C項。DVictorBorgeoncewrote,“Laughteristheclosestdistancebetweentwopeople.”Yetlaughterisn’talwayspositiveforrelationships.Thinkofyourfriendlaughingatyourembarrassingmistake.Thiskindofunsharedlaughtercanhavetheoppositeeffect.Now,anewstudyexploreswhenlaughterworksasasocialglue.Whileallgenuinelaughtermayhelpusfeelgood,sharedlaughtermaycommunicatetoothersthatwehaveasimilarworldview,whichstrengthensourrelationships.ResearchersattheUniversityofNorthCarolinafoundawaytoproducesharedlaughtertomeasureexperimentallyhowitmightimpactarelationshipwithastranger.Participantswatchedafunny,not-so-funny,ornot-funny-at-allvideowhilevideo-chattingwithanothersame-sexparticipant.Unknowntothem,thevideochatdisplayedapre-recordedclip(片段)ofsomeonelaughingthesameamountforeachofthetwofunnyvideos,butonlysmilingoccasionallyduringtheunfunnyvideo.Thisproducedmoresharedlaughterinthefirstsituation,lesssharedlaughterinthesecond,andnosharedlaughterinthethird.Afterwards,theparticipantsthenfilledoutquestionnairesabouttheirsenseofsimilaritytotheirvideopartner,andhowmuchtheylikedorwantedtogettoknowtheirvideopartner.Resultsshowedthat,acrossthedifferentvideos,theamountofsharedlaughterhadconsistent(一致的)effectsontheparticipants’senseofsimilaritytothevideopartner—andthatthis,inturn,increasedhowmuchparticipantslikedtheirpartnerandwantedtoaffiliatewithhimorher.“Forpeoplewhoarelaughingtogether,sharedlaughtersignalsthattheyseetheworldinthesameway,anditmomentarilyimprovetheirsenseofconnection,”saysSaraAlgoe,co-authorofthestudy.Howcanweputthesefindingsintopractice?Algoesuggeststhatrelationshippartnersmaywanttofindopportunitiestolaughtogetherinordertoboostcloseness,especiallybeforehavingdifficultconversations.Likewise,sharedlaughtercouldbeintroducedintostaffmeetingstomakepeoplefeelmoreonthesamepageandthusbecomemoreproductive.12.Whatisthefindingoftheexperiment?A.Laughtercreatesdistances.B.Laughterisareliablesocialglue.C.Unsharedlaughterhasnegativeeffect.D.Sharedlaughterbringscloseness.13.Whataretheparticipantsaskedtodointheexperiment?A.Recordthereactiontothevideos.B.Videochatwithasame-sexstranger.C.Filloutquestionnairesonthevideos.D.Laughthesameamounteachtime.14.Whichisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedphrase“affiliatewith”inParagraph4?A.Connectwith. B.Turnto. C.Agreewith. D.Referto.15.InwhichsituationissharedlaughterprobablyusedaccordingtoAlgoe?A.Duringacourtmeeting. B.Afterseeingadoctor.C.Beforesolvingconflicts. D.Whentakinganexam.〖答案〗12.D13.B14.A15.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了北卡羅來納大學的研究人員的一項新研究，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)共同的笑聲可以作為一種社交粘合劑，增強人與人之間的關系。文章還提到了這項研究的結果以及如何將這一發(fā)現(xiàn)應用到實際生活中。【12題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段中“Now,anewstudyexploreswhenlaughterworksasasocialglue.Whileallgenuinelaughtermayhelpusfeelgood,sharedlaughtermaycommunicatetoothersthatwehaveasimilarworldview,whichstrengthensourrelationships.”（現(xiàn)在，一項新的研究探索了笑在什么時候會起到社交粘合劑的作用。雖然所有真誠的笑聲都能讓我們感覺良好，但共同的笑聲可以向他人傳達我們有相似的世界觀，從而加強我們的關系。）和第四段中“Resultsshowedthat,acrossthedifferentvideos,theamountofsharedlaughterhadconsistent(一致的)effectsontheparticipants’senseofsimilaritytothevideopartner—andthatthis,inturn,increasedhowmuchparticipantslikedtheirpartnerandwantedtoaffiliatewithhimorher.”（結果表明，在不同的視頻中，共同笑聲的次數(shù)對參與者與視頻伙伴的相似感有一致的影響——而這反過來又增加了參與者對伙伴的喜愛程度，并希望與他或她建立聯(lián)系。）可知，實驗的發(fā)現(xiàn)是共同的笑聲能帶來親密感。故選D項?！?3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段中“Participantswatchedafunny,not-so-funny,ornot-funny-at-allvideowhilevideo-chattingwithanothersame-sexparticipant.”（參與者在與另一位同性參與者進行視頻聊天時，觀看了一段有趣、不太有趣或完全不好笑的視頻。）可知，實驗要求參與者與一位同性陌生人進行視頻聊天。故選B項?！?4題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據劃線詞后“‘Forpeoplewhoarelaughingtogether,sharedlaughtersignalsthattheyseetheworldinthesameway,anditmomentarilyimprovetheirsenseofconnection,’saysSaraAlgoe,co-authorofthestudy.”（研究的合著者薩拉·阿爾戈說：“對于一起笑的人來說，共同的笑聲表明他們以同樣的方式看待世界，這暫時提升了他們的聯(lián)系感?！保┛芍?，共同的笑聲會讓人們覺得彼此看法相似，從而想要與對方建立聯(lián)系，所以affiliatewith在此處的意思是“與……建立聯(lián)系”，與connectwith意思相近。故選A項?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據最后一段中“Algoesuggeststhatrelationshippartnersmaywanttofindopportunitiestolaughtogetherinordertoboostcloseness,especiallybeforehavingdifficultconversations.”（阿爾戈建議，關系中的雙方可能想要找到一起笑的機會，以增強親密感，尤其是在進行困難的對話之前。）可推知，在解決沖突之前，人們可能會使用共同的笑聲來增強親密感。故選C項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Sometimes,it’sgoodtobebored“Iamdyingofboredom,”complainstheyoungwifeYelenainChekhov’s1897playUncleVanya.Ofcourse,ifYelenawerearoundtoday,weknowwhatshewoulddo:pullouthersmartphoneandfindsomethingfun.Todayitiseasytogetridofboredom.____16____Thatisthefindingoftwofascinatingrecentstudies.Inone,researchersaskedsubjectstodosomethingboring,likecopyingoutnumbersfromaphonebook,andthentaketestsofcreativethinkings.Theresult?____17____Inthesecondstudy,subjectsgavemoreanswerstoawordtestthananon-boredcontrolgroupafterbeingforcedtowatchadullscreensaver.“Anrestlessmindhungersforstimulation,soboredombecomesaseekingstate,”saysSandiMann,thepsychologistattheUniversityofCentralLancashire.“____18____”Parentswilltellyouthatkidswith“nothingtodo”willeventuallyinventsomefungamestoplay—withacardboardbox,alightswitch,whatever.Theproblem,theresearchersworry,isthatthesedayswedon’tstruggletoovercometheseslowmoments.“___19___”Mannsays.“Thismightrelieveustemporarily,butitshutsdownthedeeperthinking.”Sohereisanidea:Insteadofalwaysavoidingboredom,embraceandfaceit.Sometimes,anyway.Mannhasfoundshegetssomeofherbestthinkingdonewhensheisdrivinghercarandthereforecan’tbedistractedbyherphone.____20____Thegoodtypeinspiresyoutoseewhatcancomeofit.Thebadtype,incontrast,tiresyouandmakesyoufeellikeyoucan’tbebotheredtodoanything.Animportantpartofourmoderntask,then,islearningtoevaluatethesedifferenttypesofboredom—todistinguishtheusefulkindfromtheharmfulone.A.Andthereis,ofcourse,badboredom.B.Boredsubjectscameupwithmorecreativeideas.C.Butwhatifboredomisameaningfulexperience?D.Thesemomentsarealotmorevaluablethanexpected.E.Actually,tipsongettingawayfromboredomarecountless.F.Wetrytokilleverymomentofboredomwithmobiledevices.G.Whennotsatisfiedwithyourstate,you’reseekingandengaged.〖答案〗16.C17.B18.G19.F20.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了無聊的好處，兩項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)無聊可以激發(fā)創(chuàng)造力，并提出我們應該學會區(qū)分好的無聊和糟糕的無聊?！?6題詳析】上文提到““Iamdyingofboredom,”complainstheyoungwifeYelenainChekhov’s1897playUncleVanya.

Ofcourse,ifYelenawerearoundtoday,weknowwhatshewoulddo:pullouthersmartphoneandfindsomethingfun.Todayitiseasytogetridofboredom.(在契訶夫1897年的戲劇《萬尼亞叔叔》中，年輕的妻子葉蓮娜抱怨道：“我無聊得要死?！碑斎?，如果葉蓮娜在今天，我們知道她會做什么：拿出她的智能手機，找一些有趣的事情。今天擺脫無聊很容易)”指出人們討厭無聊，總是想擺脫無聊。C項“Butwhatifboredomisameaningfulexperience?(但如果無聊是一種有意義的體驗呢?)”與上文構成轉折關系，引出下文兩項研究的新發(fā)現(xiàn)：無聊可以激發(fā)創(chuàng)造力，同時C項中“boredomisameaningfulexperience”與下文中“That”構成指代關系。故選C?！?7題詳析】上文“Inone,researchersaskedsubjectstodosomethingboring,likecopyingoutnumbersfromaphonebook,andthentaketestsofcreativethinkings.Theresult?(在第一項研究中，研究人員讓受試者做一些無聊的事情，比如從電話簿中抄錄數(shù)字，然后進行創(chuàng)造性思維的測試。結果呢?)”提到一項關于創(chuàng)造性思維的研究并提出問題。B項“Boredsubjectscameupwithmorecreativeideas.(無聊的受試者提出了更多有創(chuàng)造性的想法)”回答問題給出〖答案〗，說明在這項研究中無聊的受試者提出了更多有創(chuàng)造性的想法，上下文語意連貫。故選B?！?8題詳析】上文提到“Anrestlessmindhungersforstimulation,soboredombecomesaseekingstate,(焦躁不安的頭腦渴望刺激，因此無聊成為一種尋求的狀態(tài))”說明無聊會讓人尋求新的東西。G項“Whennotsatisfiedwithyourstate,you’reseekingandengaged.(當你不滿足于你的狀態(tài)時，你就會去尋找和投入)”與上文語意一致，也是中央蘭開夏大學的心理學家SandiMann的觀點，說明無聊會激發(fā)人的探索和創(chuàng)新精神。同時下文“kidswith“nothingtodo”willeventuallyinventsomefungamestoplay—withacardboardbox,alightswitch,whatever.(“無事可做”的孩子們最終會發(fā)明一些有趣的游戲來玩——用紙板箱、電燈開關等等)”對此進行了舉例說明，上下文語意連貫。故選G。【19題詳析】設空句和下文“Thismightrelieveustemporarily,butitshutsdownthedeeperthinking.(這可能會讓我們暫時緩解無聊，但它會阻止我們更深層次的思考)”都是Mann的觀點，根據下文中“Thismightrelieveustemporarily(這或許會讓我們暫時放松)”可知，設空句會提到一種暫時緩解無聊的方法。F項“Wetrytokilleverymomentofboredomwithmobiledevices.(我們試圖用移動設備打發(fā)無聊的每一刻)”中提出我們用移動設備打發(fā)無聊，與下文“This”構成指代關系，上下文語意連貫。故選F。【20題詳析】下文“Thegoodtypeinspiresyoutoseewhatcancomeofit.Thebadtype,incontrast,tiresyouandmakesyoufeellikeyoucan’tbebotheredtodoanything.(好的類型激勵你看到它（帶來的好的）結果。相反，糟糕的類型會讓你感到疲憊，讓你覺得自己什么都懶得做)”提到兩種不同類型的無聊。A項“Andthereis,ofcourse,badboredom.(當然，也有糟糕的無聊)”引出下文對兩種無聊類型的對比和討論，上下文語意連貫。故選A。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。IhatedthatIwasbornwithacleftpalate(腭裂).IclearlyknewhowuglyIlookedtoothers:a(n)____21____lip,crookednose,lopsidedteethandsomewhatunclear____22____.Whenasked,“Whathappenedtoyourlip?”I’dsaythatI’dfallenasababyand____23____itonapieceofglass.Somehowitseemedmore____24____tohavesufferedanaccidentthantohavebeenborndifferent.IfirmlybelievedthatIdidn’t____25____theloveoutsidemyfamily.AndthenIenteredGradeThreeand____26____Mrs.Leonard,averylovelyteacher.Thetimecamefortheannual“hearingtests”.Iwas____27____abletohearanythingoutofoneear,butIwasnotabouttorevealanotherproblemthatwouldsinglemeoutas____28____.ThusI____29____.Ihadlearnedtowatchotherchildrenand_____30_____themtoraisemyhandduringgrouptesting.The“whispertest”,however,requiredadifferentkindofdeception(欺騙).Eachchildwouldcloseoneearwitha_____31_____,andtheteacherwouldwhispersomething,whichthechildwouldrepeat.Whilewaitingformyturn,I_____32_____whatMrs.Leonardmightsay,maybethingslike“Theskyisblue.”or“Doyouhavebreakfast?”.Myturncameup.Iturnedmybadeartoher,_____33_____theothertightlywithmyfinger,andthengently_____34_____myfingeroutenoughtobeabletohear.Iwaitedandthenheardthewordsthatchangedmylifeforever.Mrs.Leonardsaid_____35_____,“Iwishyouweremylittlegirl.”21.A.bleeding B.injured C.misshapen D.smooth22.A.speech B.mood C.thought D.behaviour23.A.burned B.cut C.bitten D.rounded24.A.sufficient B.reliable C.worthwhile D.acceptable25.A.value B.desire C.ignore D.deserve26.A.encountered B.joined C.attracted D.amused27.A.mostly B.fortunately C.barely D.incredibly28.A.ugly B.outstanding C.kind D.different29.A.quitted B.cheated C.rejected D.failed30.A.follow B.permit C.request D.persuade31.A.pole B.cloth C.finger D.device32.A.insisted B.questioned C.argued D.wondered33.A.plugging B.taking C.catching D.breaking34.A.bent B.folded C.stuck D.backed35.A.desperately B.softly C.loudly D.coldly〖答案〗21.C22.A23.B24.D25.D26.A27.C28.D29.B30.A31.C32.D33.A34.D35.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者因為天生腭裂而感到自卑，但在三年級時遇到了一位非常可愛的老師——Leonard夫人，她的一句話改變了作者的一生?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我清楚地知道我看起來有多丑：畸形的嘴唇，彎曲的鼻子，參差不齊的牙齒，還有一些不清楚的發(fā)音。A.bleeding流血的；B.injured受傷的；C.misshapen畸形的；D.smooth平滑的。根據上文“IhatedthatIwasbornwithacleftpalate(腭裂).”可知，作者的嘴唇是畸形的。故選C項?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.speech說話，說話方式；B.mood情緒；C.thought想法；D.behaviour行為。根據上文“Iwasbornwithacleftpalate(腭裂)”和“l(fā)opsidedteeth”可推知，作者因為腭裂和參差不齊的牙齒說話不清楚。故選A項?！?3題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當被問及“你的嘴唇怎么了？”我會說，我小時候摔了一跤，嘴唇被一塊玻璃割破了。A.burned燒傷；B.cut割破；C.bitten咬；D.rounded使成圓形。根據上文“I’dfallenasababy”和下文“apieceofglass”可推知，作者解釋說自己的嘴唇被玻璃割破了。故選B項?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：不知為何，遭遇意外似乎比天生與眾不同更容易讓人接受。A.sufficient足夠的；B.reliable可靠的；C.worthwhile值得的；D.acceptable可接受的。根據上文“I’dsaythatI’dfallenasababyanditonapieceofglass.”可推知，作者認為遭遇意外比天生與眾不同更容易讓人接受，所以給別人解釋說自己的腭裂是意外造成的。故選D項?！?5題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我堅信，除了我的家人，我不值得別人的愛。A.value重視；B.desire渴望；C.ignore忽視；D.deserve值得，應得。根據第一段中“IclearlyknewhowuglyIlookedtoothers:”和下文“outsidemyfamily”可推知，作者因自己的外貌而自卑，所以認為自己得不到除家人外的愛。故選D項?！?6題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然后我上了三年級，遇到了Leonard夫人，一位非常可愛的老師。A.encountered遇到；B.joined加入；C.attracted吸引；D.amused逗樂。根據下文“Mrs.Leonard,averylovelyteacher”可知，作者在三年級遇到了Leonard夫人。故選A項。【27題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：只用一只耳朵，我?guī)缀趼牪坏饺魏温曇?，但我不想再透露另一個會讓我顯得與眾不同的問題。A.mostly主要地；B.fortunately幸運地；C.barely幾乎不；D.incredibly難以置信地。根據下文“outofoneear”和“revealanotherproblem”可知，作者只有一只耳朵能聽，所以幾乎聽不到。故選C項。【28題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.ugly丑陋的；B.outstanding杰出的；C.kind善良的；D.different不同的。根據上文“Iwasbornwithacleftpalate(腭裂).”和“hearanythingoutofoneear”可知，作者不想讓別人知道自己聽力也有問題，因為這會更讓自己顯得與眾不同。故選D項?！?9題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，我作弊了。A.quitted停止；B.cheated作弊；C.rejected拒絕；D.failed失敗。根據下文“The“whispertest”,however,requiredadifferentkindofdeception(欺騙).”可知，作者不想顯得與眾不同，所以在聽力測試中作弊了。故選B項?！?0題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我已經學會了觀察其他孩子，并在小組測試時跟隨他們舉手。A.follow跟隨；B.permit允許；C.request請求；D.persuade說服。根據上文“Ihadlearnedtowatchotherchildren”和下文“raisemyhandduringgrouptesting”可推知，作者學會了觀察其他孩子并跟隨他們舉手。故選A項?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：每個孩子都會用一根手指堵住一只耳朵，然后老師會低聲說些什么，孩子需要重復出來。A.pole極點，桿子；B.cloth布；C.finger手指；D.device設備。根據下文“Iturnedmybadeartoher,theothertightlywithmyfinger”可知，孩子們用一根手指堵住一只耳朵。故選C項?！?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：輪到我時，我在想Leonard夫人會說些什么，也許是“天空是藍色的”或者“你吃早餐了嗎？”。A.insisted堅持；B.questioned詢問，質疑；C.argued爭論；D.wondered想知道。根據下文“maybethingslike‘Theskyisblue.’or‘Doyouhavebreakfast?’”可知，作者在等待時，想知道Leonard夫人會說些什么。故選D項?！?3題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我把有問題的耳朵轉向她，用手指緊緊地堵住另一只耳朵，然后輕輕地把手指向后退出，以便能聽到。A.plugging堵住；B.taking拿走；C.catching抓住；D.breaking打破。根據上文“Eachchildwouldcloseoneearwitha”和下文“myfingerout”可知，作者先用手指堵住一只耳朵。故選A項。【34題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.bent彎曲；B.folded折疊；C.stuck刺，粘住，卡??；D.backed倒退，后退。根據下文“tobeabletohear”可知，作者把塞進耳朵的手指退了出來，這樣就能聽見了。故選D項?！?5題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：Leonard夫人輕輕地說：“我希望你是我的小女孩。”A.desperately絕望地；B.softly輕輕地；C.loudly大聲地；D.coldly冷淡地。根據上文“The“whispertest””和“theteacherwouldwhispersomething”可知，Leonard夫人輕輕地說了一句話。故選B項。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式。TheSpace-TimePainter,writtenbyChinesewriterHaiYa,haswontheHugoAwardforBestNoveletteatthe81stWorldScienceFictionConvention,____36____(hold)inChengduonOctober18thto23rd,2023.ItisthethirdtimethattheHugoAward____37____(present)toChinesewriters.TheSpace-TimePainterwasinspiredbythelifeexperienceofWangXimeng.HeisatalentedChinesepainterintheNorthernSongDynasty,andforcenturiespeopleallsinghighpraises____38____hismasterpieceOneThousandLiofRiversandMountains.HaiYasaid,“Theartisticvalueofthepaintingaswellasthegiftedpainterhimselfdeservesour___39___(admire).SoIcreated____40____characterofpaintingprodigy(奇才)ZhaoXimengtoreproduceWang’slegend(傳奇)bytellinga____41____(fiction)story.”Inthestory,aftermuchsuffering,Zhao’smindabandonshisphysicalbodyandentersaspace,____42____amodernpoliceofficerisinvestigatingacaseinvolvinganancientpainting.HaiYastartedwritingsci-fistoriesin2016.Heworksinthedayandwritesatnight.Hethinksofhimselfasmoreofasci-fienthusiast____43____awriter.“Iamsodelightedtowintheawardandearnpositive____44____(comment)fromreaders.”saidHaiYa.“Ihopemyworkscouldinspiremorepeople_____45_____(think)abouttechnology,timeandartandbringChinesesci-fitoaglobalaudience.〖答案〗36.held37.hasbeenpresented38.for39.admiration40.the41.fictional42.where43.than44.comments45.tothink【語篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章報道了中國作家海漄的作品《時空畫師》在第81屆世界科幻大會上獲得了最佳中篇小說雨果獎的相關信息以及作者的創(chuàng)作靈感?！?6題詳析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：《時空畫師》是由中國作家海漄創(chuàng)作的，在第81屆世界科幻大會上獲得了最佳中篇小說雨果獎，該大會于2023年10月18日至23日在成都舉行?！?hold)

inChengduonOctober18thto23rd,2023”是后置定語，hold(舉行)是非謂語動詞，與其邏輯主語the81stWorldScienceFictionConv