第01講 單詞+短語（必修1~必修3）重點(diǎn)易考單詞變形+詞義辨析（講義）（含答案解析）

第01講必修1~必修3詞匯考點(diǎn)目錄01考情透視·目標(biāo)導(dǎo)航··························································202知識導(dǎo)圖·思維引航··························································303考點(diǎn)突破·考法探究··························································4考點(diǎn)一必修1~必修3核心詞匯··············································4知識點(diǎn)1核心單詞知變形·················································4知識點(diǎn)2核心單詞知拼寫·················································18考點(diǎn)二必修1~必修3閱讀詞匯···············································24知識點(diǎn)1閱讀單詞知詞義·················································24知識點(diǎn)2核心短語知辨析·················································3104真題練習(xí)·命題洞現(xiàn)真題實(shí)戰(zhàn)······························································36命題演練·····························································38考點(diǎn)要求考題統(tǒng)計(jì)考情分析教材詞匯課標(biāo)詞匯派生詞：2023:rental,erase,statistician,bimonthly;2022:strengthen,additionally;2021:popularization,undoubtedly,outperform；合成詞：2023:fiberglass,ecosystem,checkpoint;2021:makeup;footprint轉(zhuǎn)化詞：mind(n.-v.);leaf(n.-v.);tear(n.-v.);average(n.-v.);touch(v.-n.);新高考詞匯難度增大。閱讀分值上漲，總閱讀量2959詞，閱讀量上升。讀后續(xù)寫部分要求讀寫結(jié)合，需要更多的詞匯積累和輸出。分析最近的高考試題可知，適度考查一些學(xué)生不常接觸的高考詞匯。強(qiáng)化了對熟詞生義的考查。加大了對構(gòu)詞法的考查力度。全面考查詞匯在語境中靈活運(yùn)用的能力，如情境意識、同義轉(zhuǎn)換和概要思維能力。復(fù)習(xí)目標(biāo)：以新課標(biāo)詞匯為依據(jù)，新教材單詞表為藍(lán)本，以近三年新高考真題為導(dǎo)向，在一輪詞匯復(fù)習(xí)中夯實(shí)詞匯基礎(chǔ)，并反復(fù)積累，運(yùn)用構(gòu)詞法擴(kuò)大詞匯量并在大量的語篇閱讀中遷移詞匯運(yùn)用能力，大膽猜測熟詞的生義并積累地道的搭配和習(xí)慣用語?？键c(diǎn)一必修1~必修3核心詞匯知識點(diǎn)1核心單詞知變形【高考導(dǎo)航】Forexample,acoatonafenceorapipeonthefloorwouldfrightenthemaway.(2021上海卷寫作)例如，籬笆上的一件外套或地板上的一根管子會把他們嚇跑。Itdoesn’timpresslikeGeorgeWashington’splantationonthePotomac,butLincoln’shomeindowntownSpringfield,LLLinois,hasprovedirresistibletovisitorssinceitopenedtothepublic.（2021浙江卷知識運(yùn)用）林肯在伊利諾伊州斯普林菲爾德市中心的家不像喬治·華盛頓在波托馬克河畔的種植園那樣給人留下深刻印象，但自從向公眾開放以來，就吸引了無數(shù)游客。Inthelab,keepingthingscleanandorganizedcanhelpprovideasaferenvironment.（2021天津卷知識運(yùn)用）在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里，保持物品整潔有序，有助于提供一個(gè)更安全的環(huán)境。必修一單詞變形WelcomeUnit1．nationn.國家；民族；國民→nationaladj.國家的；民族的→nationalityn.國籍；民族2．a(chǎn)nxiousadj.焦慮的；不安的→anxietyn.焦慮；憂慮；擔(dān)心；害怕3．a(chǎn)nnoyvt.使惱怒；打擾→annoyedadj.惱怒的；生氣的→annoyingadj.使惱怒的；惱人的→annoyancen.煩惱；可厭之事；打擾4．frightenedadj.驚嚇的；害怕的→frighteningadj.令人恐懼的；使驚恐的→frightenv.使驚嚇；嚇唬→frightn.驚嚇；驚駭5．impressvt.使欽佩；給……留下深刻的好印象vi.留下印象；引人注目→impressionn.印象；→impressiveadj.令人欽佩的給人深刻印象的6．concentratevi.&vt.集中(注意力)；聚精會神→concentrationn.專心；集中；濃度；濃縮7．confidencen.信心；信任→confidentadj.自信的；有把握的→confidentlyadv.自信地；8．organisevt.組織；籌備；安排；組建vi.組建；成立→organisedadj.有組織的；安排有秩序的；做事有條理的→organisationn.組織；團(tuán)體；機(jī)構(gòu)→organisern.組織者；承辦單位9．curiousadj.好奇的；→curiouslyadv.好奇地→curiosityn.好奇，好奇心；珍品速效練筆用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空Thefirstdayofschoolusuallycauses,_______especiallyforchildren,buthewasnot_______toleavehissonalonethere.(anxious)2．Usually,itwas_______tohavesuchrainyweather,whichmadepeople_______.However,hesaiditnever_______himatall.Heenjoyedwalkingintherain.(annoy)3．Iwas_______bythe_______noise,whichalso_______otherstodeath.(fright)4．WhenIfirstmethimIhadthe_______thathewasshy,butlaterIwas_______withhis_______speech.(impress)5．Ican't_______becausethenoiseoutsidemademy_______difficult.(concentrate)6．Be_______!Insomeway,your_______willsurelyhelpyouachievesuccess.(confident)7．Thelackoffundsposeddifficultiesforthis_______lastyear,butit_______itsstafftotryeverymeanstopullthrough.Thegood_______playsanimportantpartinit.(organize)8．Wewere_______aboutthewildlife,sowewalkedintothethickforest_______.Itwasthisexperiencethatsatisfiedour_______.(curious)【易錯提醒】解答語法填空時(shí)，不能簡單默寫其變形，而是要觀察設(shè)空前后的詞性，分析句意和詞義，進(jìn)行綜合推斷設(shè)空處所需詞形，進(jìn)而填寫正確詞形?！敬鸢浮?.anxiety,anxious2.annoying,annoyed,annoyed;3.frightened,frightening,frightened;4.impression,impressed,impressive;5.concentrate,concentration;6.confident,confidence;7.organization,organized,organizer;8.curious,curiously,curiosity;Unit11．prefervt.較喜歡→preferencen.偏愛；愛好；喜愛2．movementn.動作；運(yùn)動；活動→movevt.移動；搬家3．suitableadj.合適的；適用的→suitablyadv.適當(dāng)?shù)?；相配地；適宜地→suitvt.適合4．confusevt.使糊涂；使迷惑→confusedadj.糊涂的；迷惑的→confusingadj.難以理解的；不清楚的→confusionn.困惑，不明確5．fluentadj.(尤指外語)流利的；熟練的→fluentlyadv.流利地；通暢地→fluencyn.流暢，流利6．graduatevi.&vt.畢業(yè)；獲得學(xué)位n.畢業(yè)生→graduationn.畢業(yè)；畢業(yè)典禮7．recommendvt.建議；推薦；介紹→recommendationn.建議；推薦；推薦信8．responsibleadj.負(fù)責(zé)的；有責(zé)任的→responsiblyadv.負(fù)責(zé)地，可信賴地→responsibilityn.責(zé)任；義務(wù)9．behaviourn.行為；舉止→behavevi.表現(xiàn)10．a(chǎn)ttractvt.吸引；引起……的注意(或興趣)→attractiveadj.吸引人的；有魅力的；引人注目的→attractionn.吸引，吸引力；引力；吸引人的事物11．a(chǎn)ddictn.對……入迷的人；吸毒成癮的人→addictedadj.上癮的；入迷的→addictiveadj.使人上癮的；使人入迷的→addictionn.上癮，沉溺；癖嗜;速效練筆1．Hestudiedhistoryin_______tophysicsatuniversity.Hesaidhe_______tomajorinartstoscience.(prefer)2．Tina_______quicklyinordernottobefound,buttheslight_______ofthecurtainsshowedwhereshewashiding.(move)3．Thecitylifestyleseemsto_______her.Thisareaismost_______forrelaxingherself.(suit)4．Thereseemstobesome_______overwhoisactuallygivingthetalk.Stop_______mewithotherfacts!Ifeelcompletely_______withthese_______figures.(confuse)5．Tospeak_______Englishiswhateverystudentdreams.Ifyoukeeppracticing,itwillcertainlyimproveyour_______andyouwillspeakit_______justasnativespeakersintheend.(fluent)6．To_______successfullyfromtheuniversity,Tomdevotedhimselftohisstudydayinanddayout.Andhewasratherproudtodeliveraspeechonthe_______ceremonyasanoutstanding_______.(graduate)7．Whenaskedaboutthe_______,thedoctor_______swimmingasthebestall-roundexercise.(recommend)8．Lastmonth'sbadweatherwas_______forthecropfailure.Weshouldtake_______tohelpthefarmers.(responsible)9．Theplacewasso_______thatit_______alotofpeople,becomingoneofthe_______alloverthecountry.(attract)10．WeChatcanbe_______.Butneverbe_______toit,forthis_______willbringussometrouble.(addict)【答案】preference,preferred;2.moved,movement,3.suit,suitable;4.confusion,confusing,confused,confusing;5.fluent,fluency,fluently;6.graduate,graduation,graduate;7.recommendation,recommended;8.responsible,responsibility;9.attractive,attracted,attractions;10.addictive,addicted,addiction;Unit21．a(chǎn)pplyvi.&vt.申請；請求vt.應(yīng)用；涂(油漆、乳劑)→applicantn.申請人→applicationn.申請書；應(yīng)用，運(yùn)用2．a(chǎn)mazedadj.驚奇的；驚喜的→amazingadj.令人驚奇的；令人驚喜的→amazinglyadv.令人驚訝地；驚奇地→amazevt.使驚奇→amazementn.驚異；驚愕3．a(chǎn)rrangementn.安排；籌備→arrangevt.安排；籌備4．recognisevt.辨別出；承認(rèn)；認(rèn)可→recognitionn.識別；承認(rèn)，認(rèn)出；重視；贊譽(yù)5．a(chǎn)dmirevt.欽佩；贊賞→admirableadj.可欽佩的；值得贊賞的；令人羨慕的→admirationn.欽佩；贊賞；羨慕；贊美6．economyn.經(jīng)濟(jì)；節(jié)約→economicadj.經(jīng)濟(jì)(上)的；經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的→economicsn.經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)速效練筆1．Many_______havepresentedforthejob.Mostofthemwillbesatisfiedbecause70%ofthose_______forithavethechancetobeadmitted.(apply)2．What_______himmostwasthathegotthechancetotakepartinthecompetition.Itwasevenmore_______thathegotthefirstprize.(amaze)3．I_______forataxitomeetmyfriendattheairport,andthe_______satisfiedher.(arrange)4．Ihadn'tseenherfor20years,butI_______herimmediately.Igaveheranodof_______acrossthecrowdedroom.(recognise)5．Ireally_______peoplewithgreatambitions.Leeisoneofthem.My_______forhimgrowsdaybyday,soIcomeupwithan_______ideatofollowhisexample.(admire)6．Thecountry's_______hasbouncedbackstronglyafterbeinghithardbythe_______recession.(economy)【答案】1.applicants,applications,applying;2.amazed,amazing;3.arranged,arrangement;4.recognised,recognition,5.admire,admiration,admirable;6.economy,economic;Unit31．fitnessn.健康；健壯；適合→fitv.適合，合身adj.健康的；合適的；恰當(dāng)?shù)?；?zhǔn)備好的2．honourn.榮譽(yù)；尊敬；榮幸→honourableadj.榮譽(yù)的；值得尊敬的；表示尊敬的；正直的3．gloryn.榮譽(yù)；光榮；贊美→gloriousadj.光榮的；輝煌的；極好的→glorifyvt.贊美；美化4．determinationn.決心；決定→determinevt.&vi.決定；決心5．injurevt.使受傷；損害→injuredadj.受傷的；有傷的→injuryn.傷害；損傷6．gracefuladj.優(yōu)美的；優(yōu)雅的→gracefullyadv.優(yōu)美地；優(yōu)雅地→gracen.優(yōu)雅；恩惠；魅力；慈悲7．strengthn.力量；體力→strongadj.堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的；強(qiáng)壯的；牢固的；擅長的→strengthenvt.加強(qiáng)；鞏固8．failuren.失敗；失敗的人(或事物)→failvi.&vt.失?。晃茨?做到)9．stressn.壓力；緊張；重音vt.強(qiáng)調(diào)；重讀；使焦慮不安vi.焦慮不安→stressfuladj.緊張的；有壓力的→stressedadj.焦慮不安的；心力交瘁的速效練筆1．Sheistryingtoimproveher_______bycyclingtoworkandhernewjacketfitsherperfectly.(fit)2．Asan_______person,youarereallyan_______toourteam.(honour)3．Heknewthattowinthisbattlewasa_______moment,whichwouldbringhimtrue_______.(glory)4．Thefinalresultwas_______largelybywhathedid.Withstrong_______,heworkedhardtoachievehisgoal.(determine)5．_______oftenoccursinthefootballgames.Measuresshouldbetakentopreventplayersfrombeing_______.(injury)6．Joannahasnatural_______andelegance.Andsheisawonderfully_______dancer.Asshetoldstoriesofherlife,herhandsgestured_______.(grace)7．Tomakeourcountry_______andricher,weshould_______communicationwithothercountries,getting_______throughhelpingeachother.(strength)8．_______canalsooccuramongteenagers,assomedatasuggestthattoday'steenagersarejustas_______asadults,andtheycanmeetmany_______situations.(stress)【答案】1.fitness;2.honourable,honour;3.glorious,glory;4.determined,determination,_5.Injury,injured;6.grace,graceful,gracefully;7.stronger,strengthen,strength;8.Stress,stressed,stressfulUnit41．deathn.死；死亡→dievi.死亡；凋零；熄滅→deadadj.無生命的；呆板的；廢棄了的→deadlyadj.致命的；極度的2．shockn.震驚；令人震驚的事；休克vt.(使)震驚→shockedadj.震驚的；震撼的→shockingadj.令人震驚的；可怕的，令人厭惡的；糟糕的3．breathevi.&vt.呼吸→breathn.呼吸，氣息；一口氣，(呼吸的)一次；瞬間→breathlessadj.喘不過氣來的；停止呼吸的4．revivevt.&vi.復(fù)活；(使)蘇醒→revivaln.振興；復(fù)蘇5．survivevi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艱難度過→survivaln.幸存，殘存；幸存者，殘存物→survivorn.幸存者；生還者；殘存物6．calmadj.鎮(zhèn)靜的；沉著的vt.使平靜；使鎮(zhèn)靜→calmlyadv.鎮(zhèn)靜地，冷靜地；平靜地；安靜地→calmnessn.鎮(zhèn)靜，冷靜；平靜，安寧7．delivervt.&vi.遞送；傳達(dá)vt.發(fā)表→deliveryn.傳送；遞送；交付8．effectn.影響；結(jié)果；效果→effectiveadj.有效的，起作用的；實(shí)際的；給人深刻印象的→effectivelyadv.有效地，生效地；有力地；實(shí)際上速效練筆1．Peoplewere_______bythe_______news.(shock)2．Traditionalculturehasagreat_______onus,soinmyopinion,some_______measuresshouldbetakentoprotectit_______.(effect)3．Mymainconcernistokeepthemwarm,ensuringtheir_______.(survive)4.Our_______sometimeswillsaveourlives.Inotherwords,weshouldact_______indealingwithdifficulty.(calm)5．Mailis_______toourofficetwiceaday.Inotherwords,wegettwo_______ofmailaday.(deliver)【答案】1.shocked,shocking;2.effect,effective,effectively;3.survival;4.calmness,calmly,5.delivered,deliveries;Unit51．refervi.提到；參考；查閱vt.查詢；叫……求助于→referencen.指稱關(guān)系；參考2．basevt.以……為據(jù)點(diǎn)；以……為基礎(chǔ)n.底部；根據(jù)→basedadj.以(某事)為基礎(chǔ)的；以……為重要部分(或特征)的→basicadj.基本的；基礎(chǔ)的→basicallyadv.主要地，基本上3．varietyn.(植物、語言等的)變體；異體；多樣化→varyv.相異，不同；(根據(jù)情況)變化→variousadj.各種各樣的；多方面的4．majoradj.主要的；重要的；大的n.主修課程；主修學(xué)生vi.主修；專門研究→majorityn.大部分；大多數(shù)5．a(chǎn)ppreciatevt.欣賞；重視；感激；領(lǐng)會vi.增值→appreciativeadj.感激的；賞識的；有欣賞力的→appreciationn.欣賞，鑒別；增值；感謝6．equaln.同等的人；相等物adj.相同的；同樣的→equallyadv.同樣地；相等地，平等地→equalityn.平等；相等；[數(shù)]等式7．demandn.要求；需求vt.強(qiáng)烈要求；需要vi.查問→demandingadj.要求高的;苛刻的的；費(fèi)力的8．descriptionn.描寫(文字)；形容→describev.描述；形容；把……稱為→descriptiveadj.描寫的，敘述的；描寫性的9．relatevt.聯(lián)系；講述→relativeadj.相對的；有關(guān)系的；成比例的n.親戚；相關(guān)物→relationn.關(guān)系；敘述；故事；親屬關(guān)系速效練筆1．Whenplanning______meals,youneedtothinkabout______andtasteaswellasnutritionalvalue.(vary)2．Allofher______playshavebeentranslatedintoEnglish.The______ofpeoplelikeherplays.(major)3．I'mvery______ofallthesupporthegaveme.Actually,his______inspiredmealot.(appreciate)4．Weshouldtreateverystudent______andteachthemabouttheimportanceof______bywhatwedo.(equal)5．He______thatheshouldbegivensomemore______job.(demand)6．Igaveavivid______aboutit,whichleftadeepimpressiononthevisitors.(describe)【答案】1.various,variety;2.major,majority;3.appreciative,appreciation;4.equally,equality;5.demands,demanding;6.description;必修二單詞變形Unit11．creativeadj.創(chuàng)造性的；有創(chuàng)造力的；有創(chuàng)意的→creativelyadv.創(chuàng)造性地；有創(chuàng)造力地→createv.創(chuàng)造→creationn.創(chuàng)造，創(chuàng)作；創(chuàng)作物，產(chǎn)物→creativityn.創(chuàng)造力；創(chuàng)造性2．preservevt.保存；保護(hù)；維持n.保護(hù)區(qū)→preservationn.保存，保留3．promotevt.促進(jìn)；提升；推銷；晉級→promotionn.促進(jìn)；提升，晉升；推銷，促銷；發(fā)揚(yáng)，振興4．proposaln.提議；建議→proposevi.建議；打算；求婚5．establishvt.建立；創(chuàng)立→establishmentn.確立，制定；企業(yè)；機(jī)構(gòu)6．preventvt.阻止；阻礙；阻撓→preventionn.預(yù)防；阻止；妨礙7．contributionn.捐款；貢獻(xiàn)；捐贈→contributevi.&vt.捐獻(xiàn)；捐助8．investigatevi.&vt.調(diào)查；研究→investigationn.調(diào)查；調(diào)查研究9．donatevt.(尤指向慈善機(jī)構(gòu))捐贈，贈送；獻(xiàn)(血)→donationn.捐贈物；捐贈；贈送10．forgivevt.&vi.原諒；寬恕vt.對不起；→forgivingadj.寬恕的；寬容的;→forgivenessn.寬??；寬仁之心11．traditionn.傳統(tǒng)；傳統(tǒng)的信仰或風(fēng)俗→traditionaladj.傳統(tǒng)的；慣例的→traditionallyadv.傳統(tǒng)上；習(xí)慣上；12．historicadj.歷史上著名(或重要)的；有史時(shí)期的→historyn.歷史，歷史學(xué)；歷史記錄；來歷→historicaladj.歷史的；史學(xué)的；基于史實(shí)的13．comparisonn.比較；相比→comparev.比較；對比；與……類似(或相似)14．identifyvt.確認(rèn)，認(rèn)出，找到→identificationn.辨認(rèn)，識別速效練筆1．Readingbookson________contributestonotonlysome________ideas,butalsodealingwithproblems________.(creative)2．Somehousesareinapoorstateof________.Wewantto________thecharacterofthetownwhileimprovingthefacilities.(preserve)3．Didyougetthe________youwanted?Ifyouwanttoget________withinthenexttwoyears,don'tchangejobstoooften.(promote)4．Alotofpeople________somemoneytouspoorstudents.Wemadeupourmindstomakegreat________tosociety.(contribute)5．Hisresearchinthefieldofdisease________producedunexpectedresults,which________patientsfromsufferingalot.(prevent)【答案】1.creation，creative，creatively2.preservation，preserve；3.promotion，promoted；4.contributed，contributions5.prevention，preventedUnit21．illegaladj.不合法的；→illegallyadv.不合法地；非法地→legallyadv.合法地→legaladj.合法的；2．huntvt.&vi.打獵；搜尋；追捕→huntern.獵人3．immediatelyadv.立刻→immediateadj.立即的；立刻的；目前的；當(dāng)前的4．a(chǎn)larmvt.使驚恐；使害怕；使擔(dān)心n.恐慌；警報(bào)；警報(bào)器→alarmingadj.驚人的；使人驚恐的5．extinctadj.已滅絕的→extinctionn.滅絕6．a(chǎn)wareadj.知道；發(fā)覺；有……意識的→awarenessn.意識，認(rèn)識；明白，知道7．concernvt.涉及；讓……擔(dān)憂→concernedadj.擔(dān)心的；關(guān)切的→concerningprep.關(guān)于；涉及8．a(chǎn)daptvi.適應(yīng)vt.使適應(yīng)；使適合→adaptableadj.適合的；能適應(yīng)的；可修改的→adaptationn.適應(yīng)；改編；改編本，改寫本9．reserven.(動植物)保護(hù)區(qū)；儲藏(量)vt.預(yù)訂；預(yù)留；保留→reservationn.預(yù)約，預(yù)訂；保留；居住地10．observevt.觀察(到)；注視；遵守→observationn.觀察；監(jiān)視；觀察報(bào)告→observern.觀察者；遵守者11．beautyn.美；美人；美好的東西→beautifuladj.美麗的→beautifullyadv.漂亮地；美好地→beautifyvi.美化12．threatn.威脅→threatenvt.威脅；危及13．existvi.存在；生存→existingadj.目前的；現(xiàn)存的→existencen.存在，實(shí)在；生存，生活14．harmonyn.和諧；融洽→harmoniousadj.和諧的，和睦的；協(xié)調(diào)的；悅耳的15．emotionn.感情；情感；情緒→emotionaladj.情緒的；易激動的；感動人的→emotionallyadv.感情上；情緒上；令人激動地；情緒沖動地速效練筆1．Ateachershouldteach______.Tohitachildisnotjustmorallywrongbutalso______.(legal)2．Weshouldprevent______from______wildanimals.(hunt)3．Hearingthe_____sound,theyknowtheywere______．(alarm)4．______ofenvironmentalissues,weorganizedanactivitylastweekendwiththepurposeofraisingpeople's______ofprotectingtheenvironment.(aware)5．______environmentprotection,manypeoplearevery______aboutthedestructionoftherainforests.(concern)6．Aftertryinghard,hersuccessful______tolifetherehascomeasnosurprise.(adapt)7．Theseseatsare______fortheelderly.Youcanmakeatable______fortwopeopleinadvance.(reserve)8．Thestudents______theteacherdoingexperimentsinthelab;somediscoveriesarebasedonthecareful.These______obtainmuchpracticalknowledge.(observe)9．To_____ourhometown,wehadthehouses________decorated.Idaresay,youcouldn'tfindamore______placelikethis.(beauty)10．Weshouldtryourbesttobein_______withnature,creatinga______environment.(harmony)11．Thecoachappeared_______tiredafteryesterday'sloss.Likealotofpeople,hefoundithardtoexpresshis_______.(emotion)【答案】1.legally,illegal;2.hunters,hunting;3.alarming,alarmed;4.Aware,awareness;5.Concerning,concerned;6.adaptation;7.reserved,reservation;8.observe,observation,observers;9.beautify,beautifully,beautiful10.harmony,harmonious;11.emotionally,emotions;Unit31．convenientadj.方便的；近便的→convenientlyadv.便利地；合宜地→conveniencen.便利；方便的事物2．benefitn.益處vt.使受益vi.得益于→beneficialadj.有益的，有利的；有用的3．distancen.距離→distantadj.遙遠(yuǎn)的；冷漠的；遠(yuǎn)隔的→distantlyadv.遠(yuǎn)離地；疏遠(yuǎn)地；冷淡地4．inspirevt.鼓舞；激勵；啟發(fā)思考→inspiringadj.鼓舞人心的；灌輸?shù)模粏l(fā)靈感的→inspirationn.靈感；鼓舞；妙計(jì)5．a(chǎn)ccessn.通道；(使用、查閱、接近或面見的)機(jī)會vt.進(jìn)入；使用；獲取→accessibleadj.易接近的；可進(jìn)入的；可理解的6．rudeadj.粗魯?shù)模粺o禮的→rudelyadv.無禮地；粗暴地→rudenessn.無禮；粗蠻7．embarrassingadj.讓人難堪(尷尬；害羞)的→embarrassinglyadv.使人尷尬地；令人難堪地→embarrassedadj.尷尬的；窘迫的→embarrassvt.使局促不安；使困窘；阻礙→embarrassmentn.窘迫，難堪；使人為難的人或事物；拮據(jù)8.privacyn.隱私；私密→privateadj.私人的；秘密的→privatelyadv.私下地；秘密地9．familiaradj.熟悉；熟知→familiarlyadv.不拘禮節(jié)地；親密地；精通地→familiarityn.熟悉，精通；親密；隨便10．definevt.給……下定義；界定；解釋→definitelyadv.清楚地，當(dāng)然；明確地，肯定地→definitionn.定義；[物]清晰度；解說速效練筆1．Itisverydifficultto_______theconceptofbeauty.Doyouhaveaclear_______ofit?(define)2．The_______ofteamworkareapparent.Ifeelthateveryonehas_______greatlyfromteamwork,becauseitis______forourwork.(benefit)3．Hewasan_______teacher.Hisconfidentleadership_______hisstudents,whichgavemeagood_______.(inspire)4．Ifoundhim_______.Hetreatedothers_______.His_______wouldbringhimintotroublesoonerorlater.(rude)5．Hisfailingtoanswerthequestionis_______,buttoavoidthe_______,theteacherimmediatelyaskedhimaeasierquestion,makinghimless_______.(embarrass)6．Thestreetwas_______tome.Ilovedthe_______ofmyoldtown.(familiar)【答案】1.define,definition;2.benefits,benefited,_beneficial;3.inspiring,inspired,inspiration;4.rude,rudely,rudeness;5.embarrassing,embarrassment,embarrassed;6.familiar,familiarity;Unit41．puzzlen.謎；智力游戲；疑問vt.迷惑；使困惑→puzzledadj.困惑的；茫然的；搞糊涂的→puzzlingadj.使迷惑的；使莫名其妙的→puzzlementn.迷惑；費(fèi)解2．defencen.防御；保衛(wèi)→defendv.防御；保護(hù)；保衛(wèi)；辯解→defencelessadj.無防備的；不能自衛(wèi)的3．evidencen.證據(jù)；證明→evidentadj.明顯的；明白的→evidentlyadv.顯然地，明顯地；清楚地4．a(chǎn)chievementn.成就；成績；達(dá)到→achievev.達(dá)到；取得；成功5．locationn.地方；地點(diǎn)；位置→locatev.找出……的準(zhǔn)確位置；確定地點(diǎn)；安置在6．a(chǎn)nnouncevt.宣布；通知；聲稱→announcementn.公告；宣告；發(fā)表；通告→announcern.廣播員；宣告者7．generousadj.慷慨的；大方的；豐富的→generouslyadv.慷慨地；寬大地；豐盛地→generosityn.慷慨，大方；寬宏大量8．eageradj.熱切的；渴望的→eagerlyadv.急切地；渴望地；熱心地→eagernessn.渴望；熱心速效練筆Hewasn't_______atthe_______problem,whichpuzzledmealot.(puzzle)2．Onhearingthenewsthatourclass_______ourgoal,winningthefirstplaceinthevolleyballmatch,wehadasenseof_______.(achieve)3．Theexact_______ofthecompanyhasyettobedecided.Maybeitwillbe_______inthecitycenter.(locate)4．He_______apartyonnextFriday.His_______confirmedthathewouldberetiring.(announce)5．Hismotherisa_______woman.Her_______haswongreatpopularityintheneighborhood.(generous)6．We_______wanttomeetourlong-lostfriends.Finally,our_______wassatisfiedwiththehelpofthevolunteers.(eager)【答案】1.puzzled,puzzling;2.achieved,achievement;3.location,located;4.announced,announcement;5.generous,generosity;6.eagerly,eagernessUnit51．energyn.能源；能量；精力→energeticadj.精力充沛的；積極的；有力的→energeticallyadv.精力充沛地2．compositionn.成分；(音樂、藝術(shù)的)作品→composevi.組成；作曲→composern.作曲者；作曲家3．performvi.&vt.表演；履行；執(zhí)行→performancen.表演；演技；表現(xiàn)→performern.表演者；演員4．originaladj.原來的；獨(dú)創(chuàng)的；原作的n.原件；原作→originallyadv.最初，起初；本來→originn.起源；原點(diǎn)；出身；開端→originatevi.&vt.起源；發(fā)源；創(chuàng)立5．gradualadj.逐漸的；漸進(jìn)的→graduallyadv.逐漸地，逐步地6．reliefn.(焦慮、痛苦的)減輕或消除；(不快過后的)寬慰、輕松或解脫→relievevt.解除，減輕；接……的班→relievedadj.放心的7．equipmentn.設(shè)備；裝備→equipvt.裝備；配備8．satisfactionn.滿足；滿意；欣慰→satisfiedadj.感到滿意的→satisfyingadj.令人滿意的；令人滿足的→satisfyvt.滿足；說服，使相信；使?jié)M意，使高興→satisfactoryadj.滿意的；符合要求的；贖罪的9．variousadj.各種不同的；各種各樣的→varietyn.多樣化，變化→varyvi.相異，不同；變化vt.改變，使多樣化速效練筆1．That______hassofar______apieceofmusic.His______willbepopularwiththeyoung.(compose)2．Theoldtemplehaskeptmanyofits______features._______,peopleknewlittleaboutit,butnowitbecomesveryfamous.(origin)3．I______myboredomathomebylearningdrawing.(relief)4．Withthe______matureofproductoilmarket,thesalesprofitwilldrop______.(gradual)5．Attendingagreatschoolwithmodern______wasoneofmydreamsinthechildhood.(equip)6．Tomy______,theywere______withwhatwehaddoneto______thelocalpeople'sneedsinthepastfewweeks.Itwasreallysomething______.(satisfy)7．Whenplanningmeals,youneedtothinkabout______andtasteaswellasnutritionalvalue.Youcanreferto______booksaboutcooking.(vary)【答案】1.composer,composed,composition;2.original,Originally;3.relieved;4.gradual,gradually;5.equipment;6.satisfaction,satisfied,satisfy,satisfying;7.variety,various;必修三單詞變形Unit11．congratulatevt.向(某人)道賀；(因某事)為自己感到自豪→congratulationn.祝賀；恭喜2．religionn.宗教；宗教信仰→religiousadj.宗教的；篤信宗教的3．charmn.魅力；迷人的特征；咒語→charmingadj.迷人的；吸引人的；令人著迷的4．joyn.高興；喜悅→joyfuladj.高興的；快樂的5．gratituden.感激之情；感謝→gratefuladj.感激的；表示感謝的6．a(chǎn)griculturen.農(nóng)業(yè)；農(nóng)藝→agriculturaladj.農(nóng)業(yè)(勞動/生產(chǎn))7．commercialadj.商業(yè)(化)的；以獲利為目的的→commercialisevt.使商業(yè)化；利用……牟利→commercialisationn.商業(yè)化8．faithn.宗教信仰；信任；相信→faithfuladj.忠實(shí)的，忠誠的→faithfullyadv.忠實(shí)地，忠誠地9．occasionn.特別的場合；(適當(dāng)?shù)?機(jī)會→occasionaladj.偶爾的，不經(jīng)常的→occasionallyadv.偶爾；間或10．pleasedadj.高興的；滿意的→pleasuren.快樂，滿足11．wrestlingn.摔跤運(yùn)動→wrestlevi.&vt.摔跤；奮力對付→wrestlern.摔跤運(yùn)動員12．gracen.優(yōu)美；優(yōu)雅；高雅→gracefuladj.優(yōu)美的，優(yōu)雅的→gracefullyadv.優(yōu)雅地；優(yōu)美地13．a(chǎn)bsolutelyadv.絕對地；完全地→absoluteadj.完全的，純粹的14．horribleadj.令人震驚的；恐怖的；極壞的→horrorn.震驚，恐懼速效練筆1．Peopleofdifferent______havelivedtogetherinpeaceforcenturiesinthiscountry,becausetheyrespecteachother's______belief.(religion)2．Tohis______,hewasawardedthefirstprize.Buthedoesn'tfeel______aboutitatthemoment.(joy)3．His______oldcataccompaniedhimallthetime.He______promisedthathewouldnotdriveitaway.(faith)4．I'mtryingtotrainmysontodothe______bitofhousework.______,Idosomepaintingathome.(occasion)5．The______lookonherfaceindicatesthatsheenjoysthesimple______oflife.(pleased)6．Heissomethingofa______.______makeshimenergetic.(wrestle)7．Sheisawonderfully______dancer.Thatistosay,shecandance______．(grace)【答案】1.religions,religious;2.joy,joyful;3.faithful,faithfully;4.occasional,Occasionally;5.pleased,pleasure;6.wrestler,Wrestling;7.graceful,gracefullyUnit21．entrustvt.委托；交付→entrustmentn.委托，托付；信托2．marriagen.結(jié)婚；婚姻→marryv.結(jié)婚，嫁，娶3．complainvi.&vt.抱怨；發(fā)牢騷→complaintn.抱怨，投訴4．respondvt.回答；回復(fù)vi.做出反應(yīng)；回應(yīng)→responsen.反應(yīng)；回答；回復(fù)5．rejectvt.拒絕接受；不錄用→rejectionn.拒絕接受；否決6．electvt.選舉；推選→electionn.選舉；推選；當(dāng)選7．scarevt.驚嚇；使害怕vi.受驚嚇→scaredadj.害怕的；對……感到驚慌或恐懼的8．energeticadj.精力充沛的；充滿活力的→energeticallyadv.精力充沛地9．operationn.手術(shù)；企業(yè)；經(jīng)營→operatevi.運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；動手術(shù)vt.操作；控制；使運(yùn)行→operatorn.經(jīng)營者；操作人員10．a(chǎn)ssistvt.幫助；援助→assistancen.援助，幫助；輔助設(shè)備→assistantn.助手，助理，助教adj.輔助的，助理的；有幫助的11．waitressn.(餐館的)女服務(wù)員；女侍者→waitern.服務(wù)員；侍者12．harmn．&vt.傷害；損害→harmfuladj.有害的，導(dǎo)致?lián)p害的13．flexibleadj.靈活的；可變通的→flexiblyadv.靈活地；易曲地；柔軟地；有彈性地14．tensionn.緊張關(guān)系；緊張；焦慮→tensev.(使)(身體或肌肉)繃緊/僵直；使緊張adj.緊張的，焦慮的速效練筆1．MaryandJimmetatcollegeand______soonaftertheygraduated.Their______isahappyone.(marry)2．______can'thelpsolveanyproblems.Weshouldstop______andtakeactionstomakeourearthabetterplacetolivein.(complain)3．Herproposalwasmetwithanenthusiastic______.By______quicklytochangesinthemarkets,farmerscanearnenoughprofits.(respond)4．Thefinal______resultswillbeannouncedonFriday.Thenwewillknowwhois______President.(elect)5．The______firstlookedthroughthebrochure,then______themachineaccordingtotheinstructionsproperly.Thenew______ruleshouldbepaidmoreattentionto.(operate)6．______bymytwo______,__Isucceededinfinishingtheexperiment.Asamatteroffact,their______helpedalot.(assist)【答案】1.married,marriage;2.Complaints,complaining;3.response,responding;4.election,elected;5.operator,operated,operation;6.Assisted,assistants,assistance;Unit31．diverseadj.不同的；多種多樣的→diversityn.差異(性)；不同(點(diǎn))；多樣性2．fortunen.機(jī)會；運(yùn)氣→fortunatelyadv.幸運(yùn)地3．a(chǎn)dmitvi.&vt.承認(rèn)vt.準(zhǔn)許進(jìn)入(或加入)→admissionn.承認(rèn)，供認(rèn)→admittedlyadv.誠然，不可否認(rèn)地4．journaln.日志；日記；報(bào)紙；刊物→journalistn.新聞工作者；記者5．minorityn.少數(shù)民族；少數(shù)派；少數(shù)人→minoradj.次要的；較小的6．financialadj.財(cái)政的；財(cái)務(wù)的；金融的→financen.財(cái)政，金融；資金；財(cái)源，財(cái)力v.提供資金7．poisonn.毒物；毒藥；毒素vt.毒死；毒害→poisonousadj.引起中毒的；有毒的；分泌毒素的8．constructionn.建筑；建造；建造物；(句子、短語等的)結(jié)構(gòu)→constructv.建造，修建；組成n.構(gòu)想，觀念速效練筆1．_______,Ifelthewouldseemygivingupnowasan_______thatIwaswrong.(admit)2．Thisreportgivesaglobalpictureofthecompany's_______.Thecompanyneedsmore_______assistancefromthegovernment.(finance)3．Studentsneedtheabilityto_______alogicalargument.Thepreparationfortheirargumentiscurrentlyunder_______.(construct)【答案】1.Admittedly,admission;2.finances,financial;3.construct,construction;Unit41．mentaladj.精神的；思想的→mentallyadv.精神上，智力上；心理上2．intelligentadj.有智慧的；聰明的；有智力的→intelligencen.智力；智慧；情報(bào)工作；情報(bào)機(jī)關(guān)3．determinevt.查明；確定；決定→determinedadj.有決心的；意志堅(jiān)定的→determinationn.決心；測定4．disappointedadj.失望的；沮喪的→disappointv.使失望；使破滅→disappointmentn.失望，沮喪；令人失望的人，讓人掃興的事5．independentadj.獨(dú)立的；自立的→independentlyadv.獨(dú)立地→independencen.獨(dú)立，自主；(國家的)獨(dú)立6．a(chǎn)rguevt.&vi.論證；爭辯；爭論→argumentn.爭論；爭吵；論點(diǎn)7．regularadj.定期的；經(jīng)常的；正常的→regularlyadv.經(jīng)常；定期地8．mysteryn.神秘事物；謎→mysteriousadj.神秘的；奇怪的速效練筆1．Somewill_______withthedetailsbutthethrustofthe_______issimple.(argue)2．The_______ofherwritingimpressesme.(intelligent)3．Shewas_______totryherbest,foragoodstartishalfthesuccess.Youcan'thelpbutadmireher_______.(determine)4．Totheir_______,thisjourneyabroadmadeallofthetourists_______.(disappoint)5．Enteringcollegehasmadememuchmore_______.Besides,it'simportantthatparents(should)allowtheirchildrensome_______(independent)【答案】1.argue,argument;2.intelligence;3.determined,determination;4.disappointment,disappointed;5.independent,independence.Unit51．a(chǎn)pologisevi.道歉；謝罪→apologyn.道歉；謝罪；辯護(hù)2．ignorevt.忽視；對……不予理會→ignorancen.無知，愚昧→ignorantadj.無知的，(對某事物)不了解的3．judgevt.&vi.評價(jià)；評判；判斷n.法官；審判員；裁判員→judg(e)mentn.意見；判斷力；審判；評價(jià)4．narratorn.(書、戲劇或電影中的)敘述者；講述者；幕后解說員→narrationn.敘述；講述；解說5．miningn.采礦；采礦業(yè)→mineraladj.礦物的；礦質(zhì)的6．patiencen.耐心；忍耐力；毅力→patientadj.有耐心的，能容忍的n.病人，患者；受動者，承受者7．musicaln.音樂劇adj.音樂的→musicn.音樂→musiciann.音樂家；作曲家；樂師8．optionn.可供選擇的事物；選擇；選擇權(quán)→optionaladj.可選擇的；選修的9．permissionn.準(zhǔn)許；許可；批準(zhǔn)；許可證