2024-2025學年新教材高中英語UNIT1PEOPLEOFACHIEVEMENTSection4夯基提能作業(yè)含解析新人教版選擇性必修第一冊

PAGEUnit1SectionⅣⅠ.閱讀理解When45-year-oldRandyPauschwasdiagnosedwithpancreatic(胰腺)cancer,hechosetofocusonlivingratherthandying.AsacomputerscienceprofessoratCarnegieMellonUniversity,Pauschwasaskedtodelivera“l(fā)astlecture”.Thiswell-knowncampustraditionallowedprofessorstoshareworldlywisdomwithstudentsasiftheyweredyingandhadonelastlecturetogive.TheonlydifferenceinPausch’scaseisthatPauschreallywasdying,butitonlymotivatedhimmore.Hedeliveredhislastlecture,“ReallyAchievingYourChildhoodDreams”onSept.18,2007.Pauschbeganbysharingseveralofhisboyhooddreams,someofwhichhehadachievedandtheothershehadn’t.Hedescribedtheimportanceofhavingdreamsandhowanyonecanstilllearnalotbyreachingforthosedreams,eveniftheydon’talwayssucceed.Hesharedthevalueslearnedthroughexperience,whichhehopedtopassontoothershardwork,honesty,laughterandgratitude.Pausch’slastlecturereceivedagreatdealofpraiseandattention.ItbecameacrazyYouTubehit,andinOctober2007,hepresentedanabridged(刪節(jié)的)versionon“TheOprahWinfreyShow”.Heturnedthelectureintoabookbythesamename,whichquicklybecameabest-seller.Readersweredeeplymovedbythebook’srepresentationofPausch’slifelongphilosophyandthewayitrevealedthebiggestsourceofhismotivation—histhreeyoungchildren.PauschpassedawayonJuly25,2008,buthisvoicelivesonintherecordedlectureandhisbook.Hecontinuestomotivateusallbyencouragingustonevergiveupourchildhooddreams—asourceofinspirationthatcanneverrundry.文章大意：本文是一篇記敘文。講解并描述了身患胰腺癌的Pausch教授做最終的演講激勵我們不要放棄自己的幻想。1．WhywasPauschaskedtogivehis“l(fā)astlecture”？__A__A．Toteachthestudents.B．Tomakehimhaveabetterlife.C．Tocurehiscancer.D．Toachievehisdream.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段中的“Pauschwasaskedtodelivera’lastlecture’.Thiswell-knowncampustraditionallowedprofessorstoshareworldlywisdomwithstudentsasiftheyweredyingandhadonelastlecturetogive.”可知，Pausch教授被要求做一次最終的演講是為了與學生們共享世俗的才智，也就是為了教化學生。2．WhatwasPausch’slecturemainlyabout？__B__A．Hisprivatelifeinboyhood.B．Havingdreamsandgoodvalues.C．Thereasonforhissuccess.D．Theexperiencelearnedfromothers.解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的“Hedescribedtheimportanceofhavingdreamsandhowanyonecanstilllearnalotbyreachingforthosedreams,eveniftheydon’talwayssucceed.Hesharedthevalueslearnedthroughexperience,whichhehopedtopassontoothershardwork,honesty,laughterandgratitude.”可知，Pausch在演講中講解并描述了擁有幻想的重要性以及通過追求幻想學到的努力、誠懇、樂觀和感恩等，也就是說他的演講主要是關于擁有幻想和良好的價值觀。3．WhichofthefollowingmotivatedPauschmost？__B__A．Hisdreams. B．Hischildren.C．Hiswork. D．Hisstudents.解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段中的“itrevealedthebiggestsourceofhismotivation—histhreeyoungchildren.”可知，Pausch的三個孩子給他的動力最大。4．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext？__A__A．KeeponDreaming B．TheMeaningofLifeC．MotivationfromLife D．GivetheLastLecture解析：標題歸納題。依據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，特殊是最終一段中的“Hecontinuestomotivateusallbyencouragingustonevergiveupourchildhooddreams—asourceofinspirationthatcanneverrundry.”可知，本文講解并描述了身患胰腺癌的Pausch教授做最終一次的演講激勵我們不要放棄自己的幻想。Ⅱ.七選五依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。(2024·四川綿陽期末)Withbusyschedulesandlimitedhoursofdaylight,somerunnersgorunninginthedarknessofearlymorningorevening.__1.C__.Butifyouhavetorunatnightorintheearlymorning，makesuretofollowtheseguidelines.●Chooseawell-lit(光線好的)routeItmightnotbeyourfavouriteroutetorun,butthemostwell-litrouteisyourfirstchoice.__2.A__andyou’llalwaysbeabletoseetheroadandavoidpotentialdangers.●AlwaysrunagainsttrafficIt’seasiertoavoidcarsifyoucanseethemcoming.Avoidbusyroadsandthosewithnoshouldersorsidewalks.●Runwithafriend__3.B__.Ifpossible,trytoneverrunalone.Ifyou’rerunningalone,letsomeoneknowtherouteyou’rerunningandapproximatelyhowlongyouwillbeout.●WatchoutforbikesandrunnersEvenifyou’rerunningonapathorinaparkwithnocars,alwaysbeawareofotherrunnersandcyclists.__4.E__.Thisadviceappliestorunninginbothdaylightanddarkness.●PutawayyourmusicMakesureyouleaveyourradio,MP3player,oriPadathome.__5.F__.Youcan’thearoncomingcars,cyclistsyellingtomove,dogs,oranyotherpotentialthreat.A．OncomingcarscanseeyoubetterB．There’sstrengthandsafetyinnumbersC．RunningindaylightisalwaysasaferchoiceD．AheadlampisalsoanessentialitemforrunnersE．Beforeyoustoporturnaround,makesureyourpathisclearF．CuttingoffyoursenseofhearingleavesyouatadisadvantageG．Putyourdriver’slicenseinyourpocketorwearanIDtagonyourshoe文章大意：本文是一篇說明文。由于日程繁忙，白天時間有限，一些跑步者便在早晨或傍晚的黑暗中跑步。文章給出了此時跑步的一些建議。解析：1．依據(jù)下文中的“Butifyouhavetorunatnightorintheearlymorning,makesuretofollowtheseguidelines.”可知，C項Runningindaylightisalwaysasaferchoice(在白天跑步總是更平安的選擇)切題。下文中的But將上下句緊密連在一起。故選C。2．空后的“you’llalwaysbeabletoseetheroadandavoidpotentialdangers”與空處是順承關系，故A項Oncomingcarscanseeyoubetter(迎面而來的汽車能看你看得更清晰)切題。故選A。3．依據(jù)本部分小標題“Runwithafriend”及下文內(nèi)容可知，B項There’sstrengthandsafetyinnumbers(人多力氣大，保險)切題。故選B。4．依據(jù)上文中的“alwaysbeawareofotherrunnersandcyclists”可知，E項中的makesureyourpathisclear與之呼應。故選E。5．依據(jù)下文“Youcan’thearoncomingcars,cyclistsyellingtomove,dogs,oranyotherpotentialthreat”可知，要回避危急就不應切斷你的聽覺，故F項Cuttingoffyoursenseofhearingleavesyouatadisadvantage(切斷聽覺使你處于不利地位)切題。故選F。Ⅲ.完形填空Everyonebackhometoldmethatoneofthenicestthingsaboutcollegeisthepeopleyoumeet.TheyallassuredmethatIwould__1.A__friendshipsthatcouldlastalifetime.Iwouldalwayssmileandagree.Frankly,beforeI__2.C__college,Ireallydidn’tcare.Ilivedinthe__3.A__wheresixguyslivedintwosmallconnectingrooms.Allmyroommatesseemedtobegoodguys,butIdidn’treallytrytogettoknowthem.Ihavealwaysbeenratherquietandneverbeenabletomakefriends__4.B__.IwouldalwaysforgetnamesafterImetpeople.Whenwe__5.C__againandtheycalledoutmyname,Iwouldreplywitha(n)__6.C__waveandaweakhello.Thiswashowthingswentforthefirstmonthorso.Afterawhile,thingsstartedto__7.D__.Acoupleofmyroommateswouldtryandkeepmetalking.Soon,thesetworoommatesandIstartedbecomingfairly__8.D__.Webegangoingtothecafeteriatogether，__9.A__together,andmeetinginthelibrarytostudy.Onenightmyroommatesinvitedmetolistentoafellowroommate’spracticewithoneofourcollegechoirs.Theydrovemeacrosscampuswheremyroommatewasto__10.B__.Itsohappenedthatthiswasmybirthday,butIhadkeptquietaboutit.Soyoucanimaginemy__11.A__whenweenteredtherecitalhallandthe120-memberchoirbegantosing“HappyBirthday”tome.__12.C__atthedorm,myfriendsheldasmallpartyforme,completewithacardandcake.Iwascompletelyshocked,andIfelt__13.D__tobeabletocallthemfriends.ItwasthenthatIrealizedthatcollegemeans__14.A__thepieceofpaperyoureceiveattheend—It’sa(n)__15.D__inbothlifeandpeople.文章大意：這是一篇記敘文。記敘了作者剛上高校時并不在乎友情，過了一段時間，狀況起先發(fā)生變更，作者和兩個室友越來越密切，室友也幫作者打算了生日驚喜。作者意識到高校的意義不僅僅是你最終收到的那張紙——它是對生活和人的一種教化。1.A．form B．followC．a(chǎn)pproach D．introduce解析：句意：他們都向我保證，我會建立可以持續(xù)一生的友情。form構成；建立；follow跟隨；approach接近；introduce介紹。依據(jù)下文friendships可知是建立持續(xù)一生的友情。故選A。2．A.leaveout B．leavebehindC．leavefor D．leaveaside解析：句意：坦白地說，在我上高校之前，我真的不在乎。leaveout遺漏；leavebehind留下；leavefor動身去；leaveaside擱置。短語leaveforcollege“上高?！薄９蔬xC。3．A.dorm B．hotelC．inn D．canteen解析：句意：我們六個人住在兩個相連的小房間的宿舍里。dorm宿舍；hotel旅館；inn小旅館；canteen食堂。依據(jù)下文“wheresixguyslivedintwosmallconnectingrooms”可知是宿舍。故選A。4．A.deliberately B．easilyC.greedily D．merely解析：句意：我始終很寧靜，從不輕易交摯友。deliberately有意地；easily簡單地；greedily貪欲地；merely僅僅。依據(jù)上文“Ihavealwaysbeenratherquietandneverbeenabletomakefriends”可知作者始終很寧靜，從不輕易交摯友。故選B。5．A.attended B．emergedC.passed D．proposed解析：句意：當我們再次經(jīng)過時，他們喊出我的名字，我會尷尬地揮一揮手，輕輕地打個招呼。attended參與；emerged出現(xiàn)；passed經(jīng)過；proposed提議。依據(jù)下文again可知是再次經(jīng)過相遇。故選C。6．A.splendid B．uniqueC.embarrassed D．upset解析：句意：當我們再次經(jīng)過時，他們喊出我的名字，我會尷尬地揮一揮手，輕輕地打個招呼。splendid輝煌的；unique獨特的；embarrassed尷尬的；upset懊喪的。依據(jù)上文“IwouldalwaysforgetnamesafterImetpeople.”可知作者并不記得這些人的名字因此只能尷尬地揮手。故選C。7．A.turn B．worsenC．a(chǎn)rise D．change解析：句意：過了一段時間，狀況起先發(fā)生變更。turn轉變；worsen惡化；arise上升；change變更。依據(jù)下文“Acoupleofmyroommateswouldtryandkeepmetalking.”可知事情發(fā)生了變更。故選D。8．A.intangible B．a(chǎn)ggressiveC.tiresome D．close解析：句意：很快，我和這兩個室友起先變得相當密切。intangible無形的；aggressive侵略性的；tiresome煩人的；close密切的。依據(jù)下文“Webegangoingtothecafeteriatogether”可知作者和室友變得密切。故選D。9．A.exercising B．droppingC.rising D．kicking解析：句意：我們起先一起去自助餐廳，一起熬煉，一起去圖書館學習。exercising熬煉；dropping落下；rising上升；kicking踢。依據(jù)上文“Webegangoingtothecafeteriatogether”可知是一起進行一些日常生活上的活動。故選A。10．A.preserve B．performC.settle D．serve解析：句意：他們開車送我穿過我室友要表演的校內(nèi)。preserve保存；perform表演；settle定居；serve服務。依據(jù)上文“Onenightmyroommatesinvitedmetolistentoafellowroommate’spracticewithoneofourcollegechoir.”可知室友要演出。故選B。11．A.surprise B．dislikeC．disappointment D．bonus解析：句意：所以你可以想象當我們進入演奏廳，120人的唱詩班起先為我唱“生日歡樂”時，我是多么驚異。surprise驚喜；dislike不喜愛；disappointment悲觀；bonus獎金。依據(jù)上文“Itsohappenedthatthiswasmybirthday,butIhadkeptquietaboutit.”可知作者很驚異。故選A。12．A.Away B．DownC.Back D．Out解析：句意：回到宿舍，我的摯友們?yōu)槲遗e辦了一個小型聚會，聚會上有一張卡片和一個蛋糕。Away離去；Down向下；Back回去；Out在外面。依據(jù)下文“myfriendsheldasmallpartyforme”可知是回到了宿舍。故選C。13．A.aware B．a(chǎn)fraidC.sure D．proud解析：句意：我完全驚呆了，我為能稱他們?yōu)閾从讯械津湴?。aware意識到的；afraid膽怯 的；sure確信的；proud傲慢的。依據(jù)下文“tobeabletocallthemfriends”可知作者為能稱他們?yōu)閾从讯械津湴痢９蔬xD。14．A.morethan B．ratherthanC．lessthan D．otherthan解析：句意：就在那時，我意識到高校的意義不僅僅是你最終收到的那張紙——它是對生活和人的一種教化。morethan多于；不僅僅；ratherthan而不是；lessthan少于；otherthan除了。依據(jù)下文“thepieceofpaperyoureceiveattheend—It’san__15__inbothlifeandpeople.”可知高校的意義不僅僅是你最終收到的那張紙——它是對生活和人的一種教化。故選A。15．A.culture B．traditionC．custom D．education解析：句意：就在那時，我意識到高校的意義不僅僅是你最終收到的那張紙——它是對生活和人的一種教化。culture文化；tradition傳統(tǒng)；custom習俗；education教化。依據(jù)下文“inbothlifeandpeople”可知高校是對生活和人的一種教化。故選D。Ⅳ.語法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Ayoungmanwantedtofindajobafter__1.finishing__(finish)school.Onedayhecametoabigcompanyforit.Thereweresixyoungpeoplethatday__2.but__thecompanyonlywantedone.Theinterviewwasveryeasy.Itwasonlyfive__3.minutes’__(minute)shorttalk.Thenthesixyoungpeopleallwenthome.__4.On__themorningofthethirdday，theyoungmangotatextmessage.It__5.said__(say)，“Wearesorrytotellyouthatyoucannotworkinourcompany.”Theyoungmanfeltverysad，butheanswered__6.politely__(polite)“Thankyouallthesame.”__7.Later__(late)thatafternoon，theyoungmangotanothertextmessagesaying“Weareglad__8.totell__(tell)youthatyoucanbeoneofus！”Theyoungmandidn’tknowwhy.Peopleinthecompanytoldhim,“That’sbecauseof__9.the__samemessageinthemorning.Onlyyousaid’Thankyou’．Thatwastherealtest，andonlyyougavetherightanswer.”Whenyoufeel__10.disappointed__(disappoint)，donotforgettosay“thankyou”totheonewhodisappointsyou.文章大意：本文是一篇記敘文，講解并描述了一個畢業(yè)找工作的年輕人因為禮貌的舉止被公司錄用。解析：1．考查非謂語動詞。句意：一個年輕人想在畢業(yè)后找一份工作。介詞after后接動名詞作賓語。故填finishing。2．考查連詞。句意：來面試的有六個人，但那家公司只要一個人。前后是轉折關系。故填but。3．考查名詞全部格。句意：面試只有五分鐘的簡短談話。故填minutes’。4．考查介詞。句意：第三天上午，這個年輕人收到了一條短信。在詳細某一天的上午或下午用介詞on。故填On。5．考查時態(tài)。句意：短信上說“很缺憾通知你，你沒有通過面試”，事情發(fā)生在過去，應當用一般過去時。故填said。6．考查副詞。句意：那個年輕人很難受，但他還是禮貌地回復“仍舊感謝您”。修飾動詞answered用副詞。故填politely。7．考查副詞。句意：那天下午晚些時候，他又收到了一條短信，內(nèi)容是“很興奮通知你，你已經(jīng)被我公司錄用了”。此處表示“那天下午晚些時候”。故填Later。8．考查不定式。句意參考上題解析。be＋形容詞＋不定式表示“做某事是……的”。故填totell。9．考查定冠詞。句意：因為同樣一條短信，只有你說了感謝。same常和the連用，表示“相同的”。故填the。10．考查形容詞。句意：當你感到悲觀時，不要忘了對讓你悲觀的人說聲感謝。表示人的感受用-ed結尾的形容詞。故填disappointed。Ⅴ.應用文寫作假如你是高一新生李華，請你依據(jù)以下要點，給你的美國摯友Tom寫一封信，介紹你的高一英語老師MissLin：教我們兩個多月了；漂亮、活潑、和善；有耐性，上課生動形象易于理解；在課上很嚴厲，沒人敢在她的課上說話；課下與學生們相處得很好，大家都喜愛與她交談；良師益友。留意：1.詞數(shù)80左右，開頭和結尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)；2．可以適當增加細微環(huán)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。DearTom，I’msohappytowritetotellyousome