Unit8第2課時(shí)Reading（知識(shí)精講分層練習(xí)）（教師版）八年級(jí)上學(xué)期英語(yǔ)講義（牛津譯林版）

Unit8第2課時(shí)Reading目標(biāo)導(dǎo)航目標(biāo)導(dǎo)航重點(diǎn)詞匯1.*adj輕微的2.n.搖動(dòng)，震動(dòng)3.adj.響亮的；大聲的；喧鬧的4.*n.炸彈5.vi.&vt搖動(dòng)，震動(dòng)6.n.害怕，恐懼7.n.方向8.四面八方9.conj當(dāng)…的時(shí)候，和…同時(shí)10.*n.磚，磚塊11.崩塌，坍塌12.n.搖動(dòng)，震動(dòng)13.adj.寂靜的14.一點(diǎn)也不15.conj.是否16.adj.緊張不安的17.n.心臟18.vi.&vt.(使)規(guī)律作響，作節(jié)奏運(yùn)動(dòng)19.adj.困住的20.n.頭腦21.vi.&vt.(使)平靜，（使）鎮(zhèn)定22.*冷靜23.conj.由于，既然24.adv仍然25.adj.活著的26.n.黑暗27.找到出路28.n.呼喊，喊叫聲29.最后，終于30.n.日光31.adj.安全的32.adj.睡著的33.conj.在…以后詞匯拓展1.shakev.n.（過(guò)去式）2.loud（副詞）3directv.n.silentadj.n.5.safeadj.adv反義詞6.beat過(guò)去式7.liveadj.8.movequicklyfromsidetoside,upanddown,etc.9.quiet10.notindanger11.givealoudcry重點(diǎn)詞組1.在凌晨2.感到一陣輕微的震動(dòng)3.像雷聲一樣的很大的噪音4.像埋在地下的炸彈5.害怕地尖叫6.跑出、跑進(jìn)7.盡力做某事8.四處奔跑/向同一個(gè)方向逃跑9.碎玻璃和碎磚10.掉落下來(lái)11.坍塌12.冷靜13.自言自語(yǔ)14.找到出路15.聽(tīng)到了人們興奮的叫喊聲16.挪開磚頭17.最后18.起初19.睡著/入睡20.叫某人(不要)做某事重點(diǎn)句型1.外面，當(dāng)碎玻璃碎磚落下來(lái)的同時(shí)，人們正四處奔跑。Outside,peoplewhilepiecesofglassandbrickswerefallingdown.2.我什么也看不見(jiàn)，我不知道我旁邊是否有人。Icouldnotseeanythingatall,andIdidnotknow.3.我感到緊張并且我的心跳得很快。Ifeltnervousand.4.片刻的恐懼掠過(guò)我的腦海，但是我告訴自己要冷靜因?yàn)槲胰匀换钪?butItoldmyselftocalmdownsinceIwasstillalive.5.我開始慢慢地把自己拽出黑暗。Istartedto.6.當(dāng)我止試著找出路的時(shí)候我突然聽(tīng)到我上方傳來(lái)的噪音。It,Isuddenlyheardsomenoiseaboveme.【答案】一．1.*slight2.shake3.loud4.*bomb5.shake6.fear7.direction8.inalldirections9.while10.*brick11edown12.shaking13.silent14.not…atall15.if16.nervous17.heart18.beat19.trapped20.mind21.calm22.*calmdown23.since24.still25.alive26.dark27.findone'swayout28.shout29.atlast30.daylight31.safe32.asleep33.after二、詞形變化及英文釋義。1.shakev.shakingn.shook2.loudloudly3directv.directionn.4.silentadj.silencen.5.safeadj.safelyadvdangerous反義詞6.beatbeat過(guò)去式7.livealiveadj.8.movequicklyfromsidetoside,upanddown,etc.shake9.quietsilent10.notindangersafe11.givealoudcryscream三、重要短語(yǔ)1.intheearlymorning在凌晨2.feelaslightshake感到一陣輕微的震動(dòng)3.aloudnoiselikethunder像雷聲一樣的很大的噪音4.likebombsundertheground像埋在地下的炸彈5.screaminfear害怕地尖叫6.runoutof.../into...跑出、跑進(jìn)7.tryone'sbesttodosth.盡力做某事8.runinalldirections/inthesamedirection四處奔跑/向同一個(gè)方向逃跑9.piecesofglassandbricks碎玻璃和碎磚10.falldown掉落下來(lái)11.edown坍塌12.calmdown冷靜13.saytooneself自言自語(yǔ)14.findone’swayout找到出路15.hearshoutsfromexcitedpeople聽(tīng)到了人們興奮的叫喊聲16.moveawaythebricks挪開磚頭17.atlast=finally=intheend最后18.atfirst=inthebeginning起初19.beasleep(狀態(tài))/fallasleep(動(dòng)作)睡著/入睡20.tell/asksb.(not)todosth.叫某人(不要)做某事三、重要句子1.外面，當(dāng)碎玻璃碎磚落下來(lái)的同時(shí)，人們正四處奔跑。Outside,peoplewererunninginalldirectionswhilepiecesofglassandbrickswerefallingdown.2.我什么也看不見(jiàn)，我不知道我旁邊是否有人。Icouldnotseeanythingatall,andIdidnotknowifanyoneelsewasnearme.3.我感到緊張并且我的心跳得很快。Ifeltnervousandmyheartwasbeatingfast.4.片刻的恐懼掠過(guò)我的腦海，但是我告訴自己要冷靜因?yàn)槲胰匀换钪momentoffearwentthroughmymind,butItoldmyselftocalmdownsinceIwasstillalive.5.我開始慢慢地把自己拽出黑暗。Istartedtopullmyselfslowlythroughthedark.6.當(dāng)我止試著找出路的時(shí)候我突然聽(tīng)到我上方傳來(lái)的噪音。Iwastryingtofindmywayout,Isuddenlyheardsomenoiseaboveme.知識(shí)點(diǎn)睛知識(shí)點(diǎn)睛一.Peoplewererunninginalldirectionswhilepiecesofglassandbrickswerefallingdown.當(dāng)一塊塊的玻璃和磚塊掉下來(lái)的時(shí)候，人們向四面八方跑去。【精講】①runinalldirections向四面八方跑②piecesofglassandbricks一塊塊的玻璃和磚塊③falldown 掉下來(lái)【fall過(guò)去式→fell】練一練練一練1.Whentheearthquakecame,peopleranoff_______.A.indanger B.introubleC.indirection D.inalldirections【答案】D2.用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空Whilelwasreadingthenewspaper,mymother_______(wash)thedishes.【答案】waswashin3．—I’mgoingtothesupermarket.—________you’rethere,canyougetmesomemilk?A．Though B．Unless C．Until D．While【答案】D【詳解】句意：—我要去超市?！?dāng)你去那兒的時(shí)候，能給我買些牛奶嗎？考查連詞辨析。Though雖然；Unless除非；Until直到；While當(dāng)……的時(shí)候。根據(jù)上文“I’mgoingtothesupermarket.”以及下文“canyougetmesomemilk?”可知，語(yǔ)境為：當(dāng)你去那兒的時(shí)候，能給我買些牛奶嗎？while強(qiáng)調(diào)某時(shí)間段內(nèi)一種情況發(fā)生時(shí)另一種情況出現(xiàn)。故選D。二.Icouldnotseeanythingatall.我根本看不到任何東西?！揪v】①Idon’tliketheteacheratall.我一點(diǎn)也不喜歡這個(gè)老師?！緉ot...atall一點(diǎn)也不，根本不=not...abit】②Idon’tliketheteacheralittle.我非常喜歡這個(gè)老師。（不是一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)喜歡）【not...alittle非常，很多】③ A：Thankyouverymuch.多謝你了。B：Notatall.不客氣?！綨otatall.含義很多：不用謝；不客氣；沒(méi)什么；沒(méi)關(guān)系等】練一練練一練1.Icannotdoanythingonrainydays.I_______do_______onrainydays.【答案】can;nothing三.Ididnotknowifanyoneelsewasnearme.我不知道我的附近是否有其它任何人。【精講】①if意為“是否”時(shí)，引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，放在動(dòng)詞后，從句時(shí)態(tài)該用什么時(shí)態(tài)就用何種時(shí)態(tài)。②if意為“如果”時(shí)，引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，當(dāng)主句是將來(lái)時(shí)，從句用一班現(xiàn)在時(shí)。【精典考題】:Idon’tknowif(是否)hewillebacktomorrow.If(如果)heesbacktomorrow,Iwillcallyou.四.★Amomentoffearwentthroughmymind.一陣恐懼感襲上心頭/掠過(guò)我的腦海?！揪v】①mind作名詞：精神，心力，智慧;心胸，頭腦，見(jiàn)解，意見(jiàn)等（不可數(shù)）bodyandmind身心；changeone’smind改變某人的想法②mind作動(dòng)詞：介意、反對(duì)等★mindsb./sb’sdoingsth.A:Doyoumindme/mysmokinghere?你介意我在這兒吸煙嗎？B:You’dbetternot.你最好不要在這吸煙。（表示反對(duì)）B:Ofcoursenot./certainlynot./Notatall.當(dāng)然不介意。/一點(diǎn)不介意。練一練練一練1.Justthen,agoodideawent_______mymind.A.in B.out C.through D.by【答案】C五.ItoldmyselftocalmdownsinceIwasstillalive.既然我還活著，我告訴我自己要鎮(zhèn)定?！緎ince連詞：既然、由于（引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句）】【精講】】①alive【意為：活著的。只能做表語(yǔ)，構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，不能做定語(yǔ)修飾名詞】Eg:Theystillstayedaliveaftertheearthquake.②living【意為：活著的?？勺霰碚Z(yǔ)，也可做定語(yǔ)修飾名詞】Eg:Mr?Zhang?is?a?living?Lei?Feng?in?our?school.③lively【意為：生動(dòng)的、活潑的?？勺霰碚Z(yǔ)，也可做定語(yǔ)修飾名詞】Eg:He?told?a?very?lively?story?about?his?life?in?America.?MrYangalwaysmakeshisclasseslively.【形容詞作賓補(bǔ)】練一練練一練根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示完成句子1.既然大家都到了，我們就開始上課吧。Let’sbeginourlesson______________.【答案】sinceeveryoneishere2.用alive或living填空1.Myfirstteacherisstill_______.2.Noman_______isgreaterthanhim.3.Hewantedtokeepthefish.4.Englishisa_______language.【答案】1.living/alive2.alive3.alive4.living3．Hermother'slovekeepher________.A．a(chǎn)live B．lovely C．lively D．living【答案】A【詳解】句意：她母親的愛(ài)使她活了下來(lái)。考查形容詞辨析。alive活著的；lovely可愛(ài)的；lively活潑的；living現(xiàn)存的。根據(jù)“Hermother'slovekeepher”可知，母親的愛(ài)讓她活了下來(lái)，側(cè)重于“生”與“死”的界限，故選A。4．Hermother'slovekeepher________.A．a(chǎn)live B．lovely C．lively D．living【答案】A【詳解】句意：她母親的愛(ài)使她活了下來(lái)?？疾樾稳菰~辨析。alive活著的；lovely可愛(ài)的；lively活潑的；living現(xiàn)存的。根據(jù)“Hermother'slovekeepher”可知，母親的愛(ài)讓她活了下來(lái)，側(cè)重于“生”與“死”的界限，故選A。5．—DoyouknowthewritercalledZhengMin?—Yes,ofcourse.Sheisoneofthegreatestandtheoldest________writers.Sheisstill________.A．a(chǎn)live;living B．living;live C．living;alive D．a(chǎn)live;alive【答案】C【詳解】句意：—你知道叫鄭敏的作家么？—當(dāng)然知道。她是最偉大最年長(zhǎng)的在世作家之一，她仍舊活著。

考查形容詞辨析。living活著的，一般作前置定語(yǔ)；alive活著的，一般作后置定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)；live現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播的。第一處作前置定語(yǔ)，修飾其后的名詞writers，意為“活著的”，選擇living；第二處作表語(yǔ)，意為“活著的”，所以用alive。故選C。六．★①asleep形容詞：睡著的（只作表語(yǔ)，不作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞）反：awake醒著的Eg:fallasleep（無(wú)意識(shí)）入睡②sleepy形容詞：想睡的，困倦的（只作表語(yǔ)，不作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞）Eg:feelsleepy感到很困倦隨堂練習(xí)一、完成句子1．槍聲響起，人群尖叫著四處奔逃。Asshotsrangout,thecrowdranscreaming____________________________．【答案】inalldirections【詳解】通過(guò)中英文句子對(duì)照，可知英文句子中缺少“四處”的表達(dá)；“四處”也就是“四面八方”，是固定短語(yǔ)，英文表達(dá)是inalldirections，故答案填inalldirections。2．我們吃飯的時(shí)候他們到了。Theyarrived________we________________dinner.【答案】when/whilewerehaving【詳解】對(duì)照中英文提示可知，此處缺的是“當(dāng)……時(shí)”和“正在吃飯”，英語(yǔ)中“當(dāng)……時(shí)”是when/while，是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞；“吃飯”是havedinner，是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，此處應(yīng)用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，表達(dá)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，結(jié)構(gòu)是“was/were+doing”，主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)人稱we，所以此處用werehaving，故填when/while，werehaving。3．槍聲響起，人群尖叫著四處奔逃。Asshotsrangout,thecrowdranscreaming____________________________.【答案】inalldirections【詳解】四處：inalldirections，因?yàn)槭遣煌姆较?，所以direction用復(fù)數(shù)形式。在句中作狀語(yǔ)，放在句尾。故填inalldirections。4．當(dāng)我長(zhǎng)大后，我想幫助貧困地區(qū)的人們。WhenI______________,Iwanttohelpthepeopleinthepoorareas.【答案】growup【詳解】對(duì)照中英文可知，When引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句里需要填謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，“長(zhǎng)大”英語(yǔ)表達(dá)是growup，時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故填grow；up。5．我放學(xué)到家時(shí)，爸爸正在看報(bào)紙。Dadwasreadinganewspaper_______________I_______________homefromschool.【答案】whengot【詳解】gethome“到家”，when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主句用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，故此處為(1).when(2).got。分層練習(xí)分層練習(xí)【基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)】一1.Theywentinthe_______(方向)ofthepostoffice,2.Thefilmwas_______(結(jié)束)atteno’clocklastnight.3.Themanlosthislifeinthetraffic_______(事故).4._______(自然地)hewontheprizebecauseofhishardwork.5.I’velookedformymoney_______(到處),butIstillcan’tfindit.6.Itoldmyselftocalmdowns_______Iwasstillalive.7.Sheheardaloudnoiseoft_______atfirst.8.Whenthechildisintrouble,heoftens_______forhismother.9.Ibegantosaytom_______,“CanIgoalone?”【答案】1.direction2.over3.accident4.Naturally5.everywhere6.since7.thunder8screams9.myself二、寫出下列句子的同義句。1.Itrainedheavilylastweek,______________a_______rainlastweek.2.Wewalkedtothebusstop.We_______tothebusstop______________.3.Theearthquakekilledthousandsofpeople.Thousandsofpeople_____________________intheearthquake.4.IwasdoingmyhomeworkwhenMr.Wutoldustogohome._______Iwasdoingmyhomework,Mr.Wutoldustogohome.5.Weshouldgetoutassoonaspossiblewhenahouseisonfire.Weshouldgetoutassoonas______________whenahouse______________.【答案】1.Therewas;heavy2.went;onfoot3.losttheirlives4.While5.wecan;catchesfire三、根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示完成下列各句。1.我的汽車在我回家的路上壞了。____________________________________________________________________________2.掠過(guò)我頭腦的驚恐片刻使我害怕，但是我告訴自己要冷靜。____________________________________________________________________________3.三天前一場(chǎng)暴風(fēng)雪襲擊了北京，整座城市被白雪覆蓋了。____________________________________________________________________________4.壞天氣有時(shí)會(huì)導(dǎo)致自然災(zāi)害。____________________________________________________________________________5.我們?cè)陲L(fēng)中丟了傘，只好慢慢地在暴風(fēng)雪中行走。____________________________________________________________________________【答案】1.Mycarbrokedownonmywayhome.2.Amomentoffearwentthroughmymind,butItoldmyselftocalmdown.3.ThreedaysagoasnowstormhitBeijingandthewholecitywascoveredwithsnow.4.Badweathersometimescausesnaturaldisasters.5.Welostourumbrellasinthewind,sowehadtowalkslowlyinthesnow.四、用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空。1.—WhendidyouseeCarl,Tom?—IsawhimwhileI_____(get)offthetrain.2.OurMathsteacher______(prepare)thenewlessonwithotherteachersintheofficefrom2to4yesterdayafternoon.3.—Yourparentsareatyourhome.一I_______(think)theywouldetomorrow.4.Bettysatthere,_____(chat)withherfriendontheInternetwhenSamcamein.5.—Didyounoticehimeinjustnow?—No,I_____(type)lettersallthetime.【答案】1.wasgetting2.waspreparing3.thought4.chatting5.wastyping五、句型轉(zhuǎn)換。1.Asnowballhithim.Peterwashidingbehindthetree.(合并成一個(gè)句子，不改變意思)Peterwashidingbehindthetree_______asnowballhithim.2.IreadthebookwrittenbyLuXunlastsummer.(用atthistimeyesterday改寫句子)I__________thebookwrittenbyLuXunatthistimeyesterday.3.Itsnowedheavilylastnight.(改為同義句)There________________________________________________________________.4.Hedroveslowlybecauseitwasrainingheavily.(改為同義句)_____________________________________________________________________.5.people,the,kill,accident,did,car,any(?)(連詞成句)_____________________________________________________________________.【答案】1.when2.wasreading3.wasaheavysnowlastnight4.Hedroveslowlybecauseoftheheavyrain.5.Didtheaccidentkillanypeople?【能力拓展】完型填空Itwas3:43.Thunder(雷)wascrashingandtherainwaspouring.Suddenlymyfatherrushed1myroom.“Adam!Adam!Getup!”Heshoutedand2mebytheshoulders.Thatwokemeup!Irandownstairstothebasement(地下室).Itwaslikeaswimmingpool.MymotherandIimmediatelystartedto3thingsandtakethemupstairs.Ihadnoshoeson,somyfeetfeltquitecold.Thingsgot4everyminute.Withinthenexthour,wehadmovedeverythingthatwecouldtothefirstfloor.Theputer,bigscreenTVandheavyboxesfilledwithourmostvaluablethingsweretakentosafety.5,ourpiano,sofa,washingmachineandwaterbeaterwereallstilldownthere—beingdestroyed.Therewasnothingwecoulddo.Knowingthatyourhomeisbeingdestroyedisbadenough,butrealizingthatyoucan’tdoanythingto6itfeelsevenworse.Waterhadeinourfrontdoor.Rescue(營(yíng)救)boatswerefloatinginourstreets.Mothertold7topackanovernightbagofclothesandvaluablesandgetreadytoleave.Whenitwas8safetowalkoutside,allthepeopleintheneighborhoodgatheredatthestreetcorner.Peoplebecamefriends,9friendsbecamelikefamily.Peopleforted(安慰)eachother.Welearntlaterthatthestormbecameaflashflood.Ireallyhavelearned10fromthisflood.I’velearnedwhatdestruction(毀滅)isandwhatsafetymeans.Iknowinthefuture,whenIwatchpeople’slivesaffectedbynaturaldisasters,Icanunderstandthem.Iwillshowmygreatpityonthemandtrymybesttohelpthem.1．A．on B．from C．into D．a(chǎn)t2．A．beat B．shook C．touched D．hit3．A．takeup B．makeup C．pickup D．setup4．A．better B．worse C．easier D．more5．A．However B．Like C．Instead D．Forexample6．A．keep B．throw C．a(chǎn)fford D．stop7．A．her B．them C．me D．you8．A．hardly B．quickly C．finally D．slowly9．A．so B．or C．a(chǎn)nd D．but10．A．a(chǎn)nything B．something C．everything D．nothing【答案】1．C2．B3．C4．B5．A6．D7．C8．C9．C10．B【分析】文章講述了作者家園遭遇了洪水的經(jīng)歷，從這個(gè)經(jīng)歷中，讓作者明白了毀滅和安全意味著什么，也讓他意識(shí)到應(yīng)該理解和幫助那些