專題08句型知識(shí)梳理一Unit1-Unit3（原卷版）-2021-2022學(xué)年七年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末考點(diǎn)大串講（牛津上海版）

專題08句型知識(shí)梳理一Unit1:Writingatravelguide1.KittyandherclassmateshavejustbeentoShanghai.基蒂和她的同學(xué)剛?cè)ミ^(guò)上海。havebeento這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“去過(guò)（某地）；到過(guò)（某地）”。SimonhasbeentotheBeijingZooonce.西蒙曾去過(guò)一次北京動(dòng)物園。指點(diǎn)迷津：havebeento,havebeenin與havegonetohavebeento是指被談?wù)搶?duì)象曾經(jīng)去過(guò)某個(gè)地方，但現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來(lái)了；havebeenin是指被談?wù)搶?duì)象已經(jīng)在某地待了一段時(shí)間，目前仍待在那里，還沒(méi)有回來(lái)；havegoneto是指被談?wù)搶?duì)象去了某地，現(xiàn)在還沒(méi)有回來(lái)。IhavebeentoBeijing.我去過(guò)北京。（說(shuō)明：我現(xiàn)在已不在北京了。）IhavebeeninDalianfor5years.我已經(jīng)在大連待了五年了。（說(shuō)明：我現(xiàn)在還在大連。）Whereishe?他在哪兒？HehasgonetoBeijing.他去北京了。（說(shuō)明：他的北京之行還未結(jié)束，人還沒(méi)回來(lái)。）2.Theyhavedecidedtotakepartinapetition.他們決定要參加一個(gè)競(jìng)賽。decidetodosomething意為“決定做某事”，其否定形式為decidenottodosomething“決定不做某事”。Hedecidedtoattendherbirthdayparty.他決定去參加她的生日派對(duì)。IdecidenottoleaveShanghai.我決定不離開上海。3.Designatravelguide設(shè)計(jì)一份旅游指南design作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，意為“設(shè)計(jì)；畫圖樣”。如：Hedesignsforourdressdepartment.他在我們的服裝部做設(shè)計(jì)。Architectsdesignbuildings.建筑師設(shè)計(jì)樓房。design作名詞時(shí)，意為‘‘設(shè)計(jì)；圖樣”。Sheattendedaschoolofdressdesign.她就讀于一所服裝設(shè)計(jì)學(xué)校。Thearchitectshowedusherdesignforthenewtheatre.那位建筑師給我們看她設(shè)計(jì)的新劇院的圖樣。4.It'sinthecentreofShanghai.它位于上海中部。inthecentreof意為“位于……的中部”。inthecentreof強(qiáng)調(diào)與四周距離相等的中心位置，常用來(lái)指空間；inthemiddleof強(qiáng)調(diào)兩端之間的位置，并不強(qiáng)調(diào)中心，既可用于指空間，也可用于指時(shí)間。Thereisasquareinthecentreofthecity.城市中央有一個(gè)廣場(chǎng)。（指中心位置）Thereisabigholeinthemiddleoftheroad.馬路中間有個(gè)大洞。（指空間）Weusuallyhavelunchinthemiddleoftheday.我們通常在中午吃午飯。（指時(shí)間）5.It'sinthesouthofShanghai.它位于上海的南部。inthesouthof意為“位于……的南部”，強(qiáng)調(diào)在某一個(gè)范圍之內(nèi)。指點(diǎn)迷津：inthesouthof,onthesouthof與(tothe)southofA包含BA與B接壤A與B不相鄰BisinthesouthofA.BisonthesouthofA.Bis(tothe)southofA.6.Therefore,itisnotsurprisingthatmanytouristsetovisitShanghaieveryyeartoshop!因此，每年會(huì)有許多游客來(lái)上海購(gòu)物也就不足為奇了！這個(gè)句型中，主語(yǔ)it不是該句真正的主語(yǔ)而是“形式主語(yǔ)”，該句真正的主語(yǔ)是that引導(dǎo)的從句部分。我們把這類句子稱為“主語(yǔ)從句”。我們經(jīng)常會(huì)使用“Itis+形容詞十that從句”的結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表達(dá)對(duì)某事的看法。Itiswonderfulthatwecanhavedinneronthe91stfloorinShanghaiWorldFinancialCentre.能在上海世界金融中心第91層上用餐真是太棒了！7.Ifyougothere,youwillseeahugeopenareawithgreengrass,trees,fountainsandpigeons.如果你去那兒，你會(huì)看到一個(gè)大型的開放式綠草坪，還有樹木、噴泉和鴿子。(1)連詞if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句。if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句要遵循主、從句時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)規(guī)律，即主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)。如：Iwon’tgotherewithyouifhegoes,too,tomorrow.如果明天他去的話，我就不和你一起去那兒了。Firemenwillhavenowatertoputoutfiresifthereisnorain.如果天不下雨，消防隊(duì)員將會(huì)沒(méi)有水滅火。此外，主句也可以使用祈使句或含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（can，may，must等）的句子。如：Haveagoodrestifyouaretired.如果累了，你就好好休息一下吧。Youmustseethedoctorifyouareill.如果你生病了，就必須去看醫(yī)生。大多數(shù)情況下，從句可以位于主句之前，也可以位于主句之后。不過(guò)從句在前時(shí)，主、從句之間必須用逗號(hào)隔開。Pleasetellmeifheesback.如果他回來(lái)了，請(qǐng)告訴我一聲。=Ifheesback,pleasetellme.(2)ahugeopenarea意為“一個(gè)大型的開放式區(qū)域”。8.TheMaglevtakesyoutotheInternationalairportinabouteightminutes.磁懸浮列車可以在大約八分鐘之內(nèi)將你帶到國(guó)際機(jī)場(chǎng)。(1)takesomebodytosomeplace是“將某人帶到某地”的意思。Thefathertakeshissontotheparknearlyeveryweekend.這個(gè)父親幾乎每個(gè)周末都帶兒子去公園。(2)“in十一段時(shí)間”的結(jié)構(gòu)有兩種含義：①表示“在一段時(shí)間之內(nèi)”，句子常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過(guò)去時(shí)。如：Therewasonceanartist.Hecoulddrawabeautifulhorseinfiveminutes.從前有一個(gè)畫家。他可以在五分鐘之內(nèi)畫出一匹駿馬。②表示“在一段時(shí)間之后”，句子常用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。如：Whatwillyoubelikein10years'time?10年后你將會(huì)是什么樣子?【活學(xué)活用1】Ⅰ.Readandchoosethebestanswer.( )1.Themanagerhas writtenthisadvertisement. B.just ( )2.Myfriend toNanjingtwice. C.havebeen D.hasbeen( )3.—Whereisyourmum?—She A.havebeeninB.havegoneto C.hasbeenin D.hasgoneto( )4. youever toBeijing?A.Do;goB.Did;go C.Have;gone D.Have;been( )5.Pleasemakealistofplaces touriststogotoinShanghai.A.inB.for ( )6.I'mgoingto apartynextgear. B.takepart C.takepartin D.joinat( )7.— wouldyousuggestthetouristsgo?—I'dsuggesttheygototheBund. ( )8.You havesomedeliciousfoodinYuGarden.A.mustB.canC.can't ( )9.IalwaysreadthecontentspagebeforeIdecide_____________abook. D.tobuy( )10. peopleinShanghaihavedonated(捐獻(xiàn))bloodtopeopleintheearthquake.A.ThousandofB.Thousandsof 1.Theyhavealreadypackedtheirsuitcase.(改為否定句)

packedtheirsuitcases .2.WehavebeentoShanghai.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句) toShanghai?3.TheforeignerscangototheGreatWallinBeijing.(就劃線部分提問(wèn)) ____________cantheforeigners inBeijing?4.TheywillhaveapartyonStarFerrythisSaturday.(就劃線部分提問(wèn)) ________________________theyhaveapartyonStarFerry?5.TouristsusuallygoshoppinginShanghai.(就劃線部分提問(wèn)) ____________dotouristsusually inShanghai?Unit2:GoingtoSeeaFilm1.Ilikefunnyfilmsverymuch.我很喜歡喜劇片。verymuch是“很；非?！钡囊馑?，常放在句末用來(lái)修飾句中的動(dòng)詞，本例中verymuch用于修飾動(dòng)詞like。指點(diǎn)迷津：very,much和verymuch(1)very主要修飾形容詞或副詞。Theladyisveryelegant.那位女士很優(yōu)雅。Hediditverycarefully.這事他做得很仔細(xì)?！居亚樘崾尽啃揎椄痹~too(表示“大……”的意思時(shí))，要用much，不能用very。Heismuchtoobusytoseeyou.他大忙而不能見(jiàn)你。(2)much主要修飾動(dòng)詞，而且除非其前有very,too,so等修飾語(yǔ)，它只用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句。Shedoesn'tlikehimmuch.她不太喜歡他。Doesshelikehimmuch?她很喜歡他嗎？另外，much除修飾動(dòng)詞外，還可修飾形容詞比較級(jí)。Itismuchcoldertoday.今天冷多了。2.It'sanactionfilmandit'sveryexciting.它是一部動(dòng)作片，非常緊張刺激。actionfilm是指“動(dòng)作片；武打片”。常見(jiàn)的電影類別還有：lovestory(愛(ài)情電影)，cartoon(卡通片)，excitingfilm(驚險(xiǎn)片)，cowboystory(西部片，特指牛仔電影)，horrorstory(恐怖片)，policestory(警匪片)，documentary(紀(jì)錄片)等。3.It'sabouttheadventuresofsomeastronautsinspace.這是一部有關(guān)太空中宇航員冒險(xiǎn)經(jīng)歷的電影。inspace表示“在太空中”的意思。指點(diǎn)迷津:inspace和inthespace(1)inspace指“在宇宙中；在太空中”。Therearemanydifferentkindsofstarsinspace.宇宙中有許多不同種類的星體。(2)inthespace表示“在……空間里”。Wecanputnothinginthespacebetweenthesetwodesks.這兩個(gè)課桌之間的空間已經(jīng)不允許我們放任何東西了。4.Don'tmissthiscartoon.不要錯(cuò)過(guò)這部卡通片。miss是個(gè)多義詞，在本句中作動(dòng)詞，是“錯(cuò)過(guò)”的意思。Hurryup,oryouwillmisstheearlybus.快點(diǎn)！否則你會(huì)誤了早班車。此外，miss還有“想念，思念”的意思。Imissmyfamilyeverynight.我每天晚上都想念我的家人。5.Afilmaboutcowboysinasmalltownfaraway.一部關(guān)于一群生活在偏遠(yuǎn)小鎮(zhèn)上的牛仔的電影。faraway在這里是一個(gè)副詞短語(yǔ)，意為“遙遠(yuǎn)”，常置于句末作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。ChristmasisatimeforfriendsandfamilymemberstoseeeachotheragainandtosendChristmascardstothosewholivefaraway.圣誕節(jié)時(shí)，朋友家人會(huì)聚會(huì)，還會(huì)寄圣誕卡給遠(yuǎn)方的人。6.HowcanIgettherefrommyhome?從我家怎么去那里呢？這是問(wèn)路的常用語(yǔ)。用于問(wèn)路的句子還有：Whereisthepostoffice?郵局在哪兒？HowcanIgettothepostoffice?到郵局怎么走？Could/Canyoutellmethewaytothepostoffice?你可以告訴我去郵局的路嗎？【活學(xué)活用2】Ⅰ.Readandchoosethebestanswer.( filmaboutaclownis A.A;anB.The;an C.The;the D.A;the( )2.SpaceWaris agreatadventure. ( )3.Let'sdoitatonce, ?A.shallwe ( )4. havingdinnerintheseafoodrestauranttonight?A.HowaboutB.ShallweC.Whynot D.Whydon't( )5.Let's toseethefilm.Whydon'twe A.don'tgo;sing B.notgo;tosingC.notgo;sing D.notgo;singing( )6.— filmarewegoingtosee?—Shallwesee"Batman"? ( )7.Myuncletoldmehisadventure .A.inspaceB.inspacesC.inaspace D.inthespace( )8.Idon'tlikefilmsaboutclowns.Theyare .A.cleverB.beautifulC.kind D.stupid( )9.Myfatherhadacoldyesterday,so ( )10.Allofuswerevery whenwewatchthe A.excited;excitingB.exciting;excitedC.exciting;exciting D.excited;excitedⅡ.Rewritethesentencesasrequired.1.Ilikethefilmsaboutadventures.(改為否定句)

I______________________thefilmsaboutadventures. I'dliketosee"007"thisweekend.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句)

. __________ tosee'007'thisweekend? It'sacartoonandalovestory.(就劃線部分提問(wèn))

____________________offilmisit?4.Idon'tlikefilmsaboutcowboys.(就劃線部分提問(wèn))____________________don'tyoulike? 5.Let'senjoythefilmtogether.(改為反義疑問(wèn)句)Let'senjoythefilmtogether,_______________________?Unit3:AVisittoGardenCity1.Kitty'scousins,LucyandSimon,haveetoGardenCitytovisittheLifamily.基蒂的堂妹露西和堂弟西蒙到花園城市去拜訪李先生一家人。在這個(gè)句子中，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用于表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生（但并不追究動(dòng)作發(fā)生的具體時(shí)間），并對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生一定的影響（即目前露西和西蒙已經(jīng)在GardenCity了）。I’velostmypassport.我把護(hù)照丟了。（其含義是：Ican'tfindmypassportnow.）Where'sLinda?琳達(dá)在哪兒呢？She’sgonetobed.她去睡覺(jué)了。（其含義是：Sheisinbednow.）We'veboughtanewcar.我們買了一輛新車。（其含義是：Wehaveanewcarandcanuseitnow.）2.Howlonghasshebeenateacher?她當(dāng)老師多久了？Shehasbeenateachersince1997.她從1997年開始當(dāng)老師的。上述兩個(gè)句子也使用了現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。本例中的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用于表示某個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的起點(diǎn)在過(guò)去，這個(gè)動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并還有可能持續(xù)下去。這樣的句子通常會(huì)加上for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。如：Hehasbeenateacherheresince1981.他自1981年起就在這兒當(dāng)老師了。（可能還要繼續(xù)在這兒教很多年）Ihave'tseenherforfouryears.我有四年沒(méi)見(jiàn)到她了。【友情提示】如果句子中的謂語(yǔ)表示持續(xù)的動(dòng)作含義，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)中的動(dòng)詞需使用持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，而不可使用短暫性動(dòng)詞。試比較：【正】Ihavebeenintheclubforthreeyears.我加入這個(gè)俱樂(lè)部已經(jīng)有三年了?！菊`】Ihavejoinedtheclubforthreeyears.(join是短暫性動(dòng)詞)for和since是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中常見(jiàn)的兩個(gè)引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的詞。表示時(shí)間的for不能用于以all開頭的短語(yǔ)前。如：They'veworkedallday.他們已干了整整一天?？傊?，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)記?。篺or后接“時(shí)間段”，since后接“時(shí)間點(diǎn)”。3.Hecatchesthievesandhelpskeepthecitysafe.他抓捕小偷、保衛(wèi)城市的安全。"keep+名詞+形容詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)常用來(lái)表示‘使……保持某種狀態(tài)”的意思。Weshouldtrytokeeptheenvironmentclean.我們應(yīng)當(dāng)盡力保持環(huán)境衛(wèi)生。Wouldyoupleasekeepyourroomtidy,Ben?本，你能不能讓自己的房間保持整潔？4.AuntBettyworksinapanyinBeijing,doesn'tshe?貝蒂嬸嬸在北京的一家公司工作，不是嗎？這是一個(gè)反意疑問(wèn)句。反意疑問(wèn)句是英語(yǔ)四大問(wèn)句之一，它是由一個(gè)陳述句加上一個(gè)短問(wèn)句構(gòu)成。反意疑問(wèn)句的基本構(gòu)成形式是：陳述句+逗號(hào)+助動(dòng)詞/be動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（肯定或否定形式）+主語(yǔ)。Sheoftenhaslunchatschool,doesn'tshe?她經(jīng)常在學(xué)校吃午飯，不是嗎？Youdon'tlikesports,doyou?你不喜歡體育運(yùn)動(dòng)，是嗎？5.Awatchisusedfortellingthetime.手表是用來(lái)報(bào)時(shí)的。Weuseawatchfortellingthetime.我們用手表來(lái)報(bào)時(shí)。①Awatchisusedfortellingthetime.手表是用來(lái)報(bào)時(shí)的。②(1)我們把句子①的結(jié)構(gòu)稱為“主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)”，把句子②的結(jié)構(gòu)稱為“被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)”。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，而被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是“be+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”。beusedfor的結(jié)構(gòu)表達(dá)“被用來(lái)……”的意思，后接動(dòng)詞的ing形式。Chopsticksareusedforeatingfood.筷子是用來(lái)吃飯的。類似的用法還有beusedby“被……使用”，beusedas“被……用作”。Aknifeisusedforcuttingthings.刀是用來(lái)切東西的。Thebuildingwasusedasashelterforhomelesspeople.那座樓房用來(lái)收容無(wú)家可歸的人。(2)tellthetime意為“報(bào)時(shí)”。LittleMarycannowtellthetime.小瑪麗現(xiàn)在會(huì)認(rèn)時(shí)間了。6.Akeyringisusedforholdingthekeys.鑰匙圈是用來(lái)掛鑰匙的。hold有“拿著；抓??；夾著”的意思。hold在句中作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，有以下意義和用法：(1)握；抓??；拿住。如：Sheisholdingupanumbrella.她正打著傘。Heheldmebythesleeve.他抓著我的袖子。Holdtheline.（打用語(yǔ)）稍等／別掛斷。(2)容納；裝著。如：Thehallcanhold1,000people.這個(gè)大廳能容納1000人。(3)擁有；占有。如：Iheldthejobfortwoyears.這工作我干了兩年。(4)舉行（會(huì)議等）。如：TheOlympicGamesareheldeveryfouryears.奧運(yùn)會(huì)每四年舉辦一次。(5)與hold相關(guān)的詞組：holdback意為“阻礙，阻止”。holdon意為“等待，不要掛斷”等。holdup意為“舉起；抬起，耽擱”。7.Yesterday,wetookthecablecartothetopofahill.昨天，我們乘纜車去了山頂。thetopof意為“……的頂部”，常用于atthetopof(在……的頂部)等短語(yǔ)中。Wecanhaveaniceviewfromthetopofthemountain.從山頂上往下看，我們可以欣賞到不錯(cuò)的景色。Sheisscreamingatthetopofhervoice.她正在聲嘶力竭地尖叫?！净顚W(xué)活用3】( )1.Myuncleis engineer.Heworksinapany.A.aB.the C./ ( )2.Heisanoldfriendof . ( )3.Myaunthasbeenateacher A.forB.sinceC.in ( )4.AuntMaggiehasbeenapolicewomanforquite D.alittle( )5.— hasyourbrotherbeenanengineer?—For8years. ( )6.MymotherwillgotoGuangzhou tendays. ( )7.Theyhavestudiedinthesameschool sixyearsago. D.at( )8.I inShanghaisinceIwasbornin1995.A.liveB.livedC.havelived D.haslived( )9.Everystudentshouldhelpkeepourclassroom .A.tobeclean D.cleaned( )10.—Thankyouforyourhelp!— .A.That'sright. B.You'rewele.C.Itdoesn'tmatter. D.Nothanks. 1.IhavebeentoBeijingbefore.(改為否定句)

I______________________toBeijingbefore.2.Myfatherhasbeenafiremanforafewyears.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句) ___________yourfather afiremanforafewyears?3.Hehadsomebadhabitsfortwoyears.(就劃線部分提問(wèn)) ______________________didhehavesomebadhabits?4.IhavelearnedEnglishsince1998.(就劃線部分提問(wèn))_______________________haveyoulearnedEnglish?5.Hegotalotofpresentsforhisbirthday.(保持原意不變)Hegotquite_______________________presentsforhisbirthday.句型專練二、劃線部分提問(wèn)17．IttooktheLis20hourstotraveltoBeijingbyplane.（劃線提問(wèn)）________________didittaketheListotraveltoBeijing?18．Andyhadskiinglessonstwiceaweek.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)）________________didAndyhaveskiinglessons?19．Wecanseethiskindofsignsontheroad.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)）________________weseethiskindofsigns?20．MybrotherwillebackfromThailandintwoweeks.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))__________________willyourbrotherebackfromThailand?21．Peoplewilltakepillsformealsinthefuture.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))__________________peopletakepillsinthefuture?22．Theyhaveknowneachothersinceseveralyearsago.(劃線部分提問(wèn))________________havetheyknowneachother?23．Thefilmhasbeenonsince15minutesago.(劃線部分提問(wèn))______________hasthefilmbeenon?24．Thegirlbehindthetreeismybestfriend.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))________________isyourbestfriend?三、同義句轉(zhuǎn)化25．Henolongerdrinkstoomanysoftdrinks.(保持句意基本不變)He________drinktoomanysoftdrinksany________.26．Ilikedtheblackpuppybetterthanthewhiteone.（保持原意）I________theblackpuppy________thewhiteone.27．WouldyoupleasetellmehowIcanmakeraisinscones?(保持句意基本不變)Wouldyoupleasetellme________________makeraisinscones?28．Andyhopeshewillbeeanastronautwhenhegrowsup.(保持原句意思基本不變)Andyhopes__________________anastronautwhenhegrowsup.29．PeterandTomhelpedtheirfathertakecareofthefarm.(保持句意基本不變)PeterandTomhelpedtheirfather_________________thefarm.30．Wendyisn’toldenoughtodriveacar.（保持句意基本不變）Wendyis________________todriveacar.