2025屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)組合練十六閱讀理解+閱讀七選五+短文改錯(cuò)課時(shí)優(yōu)化作業(yè)含解析

PAGE組合練(十六)閱讀理解＋閱讀七選五＋短文改錯(cuò)Ⅰ.閱讀理解AThelatestGlobalHungerIndexreportestimatestwobillionpeopleworldwidesufferfromhiddenhunger.Peoplewhosufferfromhiddenhungerhaveenoughtoeat,butthequalityoftheirfoodislow.Thereportwarnsthatfoodqualityisjustasimportantasquantity.Thereportliststhecountriesbythepercentageofthepopulationwhocan'thaveadequateintakeofnutrition,childrenyoungerthanfiveyearsoldwhoweighlessthantheyshouldandthedeathrateofnew-bornbabies.Itsays10ofthe14countrieswiththeworstscoresarelocatedsouthoftheSaharaDesertinAfrica.Morethan60percentofpeoplethereareundernourished.Thepercentagehasdoubledinthepasttenyearsandtheexpectedlifeofpeopletherehasfallenbytenyearssince1990.Peoplesufferfromfoodinsecurityandhighunemploymentbecauseofclimatechangeandlackofraininparticular.Butthenewswasnotallbad.Thereportsaysthenumberofchildrenunderagefivewhodieinsub-SaharanAfricahasdroppedsince2000,probablybecauseofadecreaseinmalaria(瘧疾)rate.Vietnam'sscorehasdroppedmorethan75percentsince1990.ThenumberofunderweightchildreninVietnamhasdroppedsharply,andthenumberofchildrenunderagefivewhodiehasbeencutinhalf.Eatinglow-qualityfoodcanhurtpeopleasmuchasnotgettingenoughfood.Hiddenhungerisverydifferentfromtheso-calledvisiblehunger.Itmeanslackofmicronutrient(微量元素)orvitaminsinaperson'sdiet,whichcancauselong-termandgreatdamagetotheirmentalandphysicalhealth.Andthisisparticularlysevereforchildren.Thiskindofhungercanalsoweakentheimmunesystem.Itcanalsoaffectaperson'smindandevencausedeaths.TheGlobalHungerIndexreportshiddenhungerishappeningevenaslevelsofhungerinmanydevelopingcountriesdecrease.Peoplecanbeoverweightbutstillsufferfromhiddenhunger.Tokeepfit,theyshouldhaveabalanceddietandeatavarietyoffruitsandvegetables.It'shightimethatcountriesallovertheworldshouldworktogethertobringanendtohiddenhunger.[語篇解讀]本文是一篇說明文。依據(jù)最新的全球饑餓指數(shù)報(bào)告，全世界有二十億人患有隱性饑餓?；加须[性饑餓的人有足夠的食物吃，但他們的食物質(zhì)量不高，飲食中缺乏微量元素和維生素。該報(bào)告指出食品質(zhì)量和食品數(shù)量同等重要。1．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph1?A．Twobillionpeopledieofhiddenhungereveryyear.B．Hiddenhungeristhemostseriousfoodproblemworldwide.C．Peoplewhoeatpoor-qualityfoodcandevelophiddenhunger.D．Peoplewhosufferfromhiddenhungerusuallyhavelittlefoodtoeat.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段的其次句可知，患有隱性饑餓的人有足夠的食物吃，但他們的食物質(zhì)量很差。答案：C2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“undernourished”inParagraph2mean?A．Weakandunhealthy.B．Strongandenergetic.C．Starving.D．Indanger.解析：詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)畫線單詞所在語境可知，全球饑餓指數(shù)報(bào)告列出的14個(gè)國(guó)家中有10個(gè)位于非洲撒哈拉沙漠以南，在那里60%以上的人養(yǎng)分不良。而其次段開頭提到“whocan'thaveadequateintakeofnutrition”，依據(jù)這兩個(gè)信息可推斷答案。答案：A3．WhatmainlycauseshiddenhungerforthepeopleinAfrica?A．Thefoodtheyeatispolluted.B．Theycan'tfindwell-paidjobs.C．Theyoftensufferfrommalaria.D．Theweatherhasabadeffectonthem.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段的最終一句可知，非洲撒哈拉沙漠以南的這10個(gè)國(guó)家的人們?cè)馐苁澄锒倘焙透呤I(yè)率，是由于氣候改變尤其是雨水匱乏這樣的天氣因素造成的。答案：D4．Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A．Fatpeoplewillnotsufferfromhiddenhunger.B．It'snecessaryforpeopletoeatdifferenttypesoffood.C．Hiddenhungerwilldisappearaslevelsofhungerfall.D．Itisimpossibletogetridofhiddenhungerinthewholeworld.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段的第三句可知，人們應(yīng)當(dāng)吃各種不同的食物來吸取各類養(yǎng)分，這樣才能消退隱性饑餓。答案：BBAparasite(寄生蟲)thatcantransformantsintozombies(僵尸)andmakethemfollowitsordermaysoundlikesomethingstraightoutofasciencefictionmovie.However,thatispreciselywhattheOphiocordycepsunilateralis,orzombieantfungus(真菌),doestocarpenterants.FoundprimarilyintropicalcountrieslikeBrazilandThailand,thezombieantfungusbeginsbyemptyingtheinfectedinsect'snutrientsandtakingcontrolofitsmind.Itthenwillstheenslavedinsecttosearchforleavesabout25centimetersaboveground—azonethathastherighttemperatureandhumidityforthefungustosurvive.Oncetheideallocationisfound,thepoorantisforcedtoclamp(夾緊)itsjawstotheundersideoftheleaf.Curioustoknowhowthefungusaccomplishesthishorrifyingbutimpressivetask,ateamledbyPennsylvaniaStateUniversityscientist,DavidHughes,decidedtoinvestigate.Thescientistsusedascanningelectronmicroscopetocreate3Dimagestodeterminethedistribution,populationandinteractionsofthefungiinsidetheinfectedinsects'bodies.Totheirsurprise,theyfoundthatwhilethefungicoveredanant'sentirebodylikeablanket,itleftitsbrainuntouched.Theyalsofoundthattheparasite'scellswereconnected,suggestingthefungiformedabondtocontrolthehost'sbehaviorasagroup.“Normallyinanimals,behavioriscontrolledbythebrainsendingsignalstothemuscles,butourresultssuggestthattheparasiteiscontrollinghostbehaviorintheouterarea.Almostlikeapuppeteer(操縱木偶的人)pullsthestringstomakeapuppetmove,thefunguscontrolstheant'smusclestocontrolthehost'slegsandjaws，”saidHughes.Theresearchersstillneedtoinvestigatewhytheparasiteavoidsthebrain.Theyguessitpreservestheant'sbrainpowersotheantcanmovearoundandmoreimportantly,accomplishtheimportanttaskofgraspingaleaftightly.Thescientistsbelievethatthefungiinsteadreleaseaspecialchemicalthatforcestheant'smusclestocontractandmove—similartohowwecontrolaremote-controlledcar.[語篇解讀]本文是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了一種名為zombieantfungus的寄生真菌，這種寄生真菌可以像限制牽線木偶一樣限制其感染對(duì)象。5．Whydoesthezombieantfungusneedaleafabout25centimetersaboveground?A．Itsdescendantscanspreadbetterthere.B．Thatistheirideallocationforgrowing.C．Itcancontrolitshostbetterthere.D．Theleafhelpsthehostlivelonger.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段的“azonethathastherighttemperatureandhumidityforthefungustosurvive”可知，這里是它們志向的生存場(chǎng)所。答案：B6．Withthehelpof3Dimages,thescientistsfoundtheparasite________.A．failedtocontroltheantcompletelyB．couldbegotridofwithsomeeffortC．didn'tcontrolthevictimfromwithinD．infectedasmallpartoftheant'sbody解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段的其次句可知，他們發(fā)覺這種寄生真菌不是通過感染木蟻的大腦來限制受害者的。答案：C7．Whydoestheparasiteavoidtheant'sbrain?A．Theant'sbrainhasavitalfunctiontofulfill.B．Itisdifficultfortheparasitetodothat.C．Theparasitecannotenterthehost'sbrain.D．Theparasitedoesn'twanttheanttodie.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段的其次句可知，探討人員認(rèn)為木蟻的大腦還有特別重要的任務(wù)要完成。答案：A8．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．CarpenterAntsAreTurnedintoZombiesB．AParasiteUsesCarpenterAntstoSpreadC．ScientistsFindaBigSecretaboutCarpenterAntsD．AnAntParasiteControlsItsVictimsLikeaPuppeteer解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了一種名為zombieantfungus的寄生真菌，這種寄生真菌可以像限制牽線木偶一樣限制其感染對(duì)象。由此可知答案。答案：DⅡ.閱讀七選五Maintaininggoodhealthdoesn'thappenbyaccident.Itrequiresyoutoworkinmanyareas.1Itstrengthensthebones,andmakestheheartandlungsworkbetter.Themostbeneficialtypeofexerciseisaerobics(有氧運(yùn)動(dòng))．Aerobicexercise,intheformofjogging，cyclingorswimming,strengthenstheheart.Italsohelpstorelievepressure.2Itcouldbedancingorjustwalking.Aslongasyouwouldliketodoitregularly,youwillbefit.Peoplewhoarefitenjoylifemorebecausetheycanjoininanykindofactivity.Tohaveahealthylife,itisnecessarytodevelopgooddietaryhabits.Eatavarietyoffoodbutspeciallymorewhole-grains,apples,oranges,pears,greenvegetablesandfish.Decreaseintakeofanimalfats.Avoideatingjunkfoodorprocessedfoodwhichishighinthesugarorsaltcontentandhaslittlenutritionalvalue.3Beingoverweightcanleadtoalotofhealthproblems.Youcansufferfromheartdiseaseandhighbloodpressure.Weightcontrolrequireseffortandself-control.4Watchtheamountandtypeoffoodyoueatandremembernolatenightmeal.Makesureexerciseispartofyourdailyprogram.Takingcareofyourmindisimportantifyouwanttokeepfit.Developagoodbalancebetweenworkandsociallife.5Limityouractivitiestothemostimportantonesandgivethose100%.Overextendingyourselfcanleadtostressordiscouragement.A．Don'ttrytotakeontoomuch.B．Butdonotskipyourbreakfast.C．Dietandexerciseplaythemostimportantroleinit.D．Avoidstressbyexercisinganddevelopinghobbies.E．Itishelpfultochooseaformofexerciseyouenjoy.F．Regularexerciseisabsolutelynecessaryforgettingwell.G．Learningcookingtipscanhelpguaranteehealthydietandcontrolweight.[語篇解讀]文中介紹了四種保持健康的方法：熬煉，合理飲食，限制體重和留意心理健康。1．解析：本空是段首句，本段主要講熬煉的好處和熬煉的方式，因此本空應(yīng)選F項(xiàng)“有規(guī)律的熬煉對(duì)身體健康是肯定必要的”。答案：F2．解析：本空后面一句講的是熬煉的方式：可以是跳舞，也可以是漫步，只要你情愿定期地去做。由此反推本空選E項(xiàng)“選擇一種你喜愛的熬煉方式是有幫助的”。答案：E3．解析：本空是段尾句，該段講的是“要想擁有健康的生活，養(yǎng)成良好的飲食習(xí)慣是有必要的”。空前提到不要吃垃圾食品和高糖高鹽及沒有太大養(yǎng)分價(jià)值的加工食品，B項(xiàng)“但不要不吃早餐”，承接上文，且符合段落主旨。答案：B4．解析：本段講的是限制體重。本空后面內(nèi)容講到了“留意你吃的食物的數(shù)量和種類，記住不吃夜宵。確保熬煉是你日常安排的一部分”。因此C項(xiàng)“飲食和熬煉在限制體重方面起著最重要的作用”符合語境。答案：C5．解析：本段內(nèi)容主要有關(guān)切理方面，空后講到將活動(dòng)限制在最重要的幾個(gè)上面，全力去做，操勞過度會(huì)帶給自己壓力或者使人泄氣，因此選項(xiàng)應(yīng)當(dāng)與擔(dān)當(dāng)?shù)氖挛锵嚓P(guān)，故A項(xiàng)“不要負(fù)擔(dān)太多”引領(lǐng)下文內(nèi)容，符合語境。答案：AⅢ.短文改錯(cuò)Nowadays,ourgovernmentpaysmanyattentiontowastesorting.Eveninsomebigcity,lawsandpoliciesareissuedtoforcepeopletoclassifyontheirrubbishindailylife.Atfirst,itisdifficulttoapplythepoliciestodailylife，especiallyforthosewhichknowlessaboutwastesorting.Butwiththegovernment'sefforts,moreandmorepeoplehavebasicknowledgeofwastesorting.Knowhowtoclassifydifferentelementsandthrowitintodifferentdustbins，p