雙語新聞閱讀與練習- 高考英語備考一輪復習

雙語新聞閱讀與練習2024年諾貝爾物理學獎公布雙語新聞Backinthe1980s,JohnHopfieldandGeoffreyHintonsetthestagefortoday’sartificialintelligencebyusingphysicstoidentifypatternsininformation.早在20世紀80年代，約翰·霍普菲爾德和杰弗里·辛頓就利用物理學來識別信息中的模式，為今天的人工智能奠定了基礎。Theirworknowallowsmachinesto

mimic

learningandremembering,

functionsthatwerepreviouslythoughttobethesole

province

oforganicbrains.現(xiàn)在，他們的研究使機器能夠模仿學習和記憶，而這些功能在以前被認為是生物大腦的專屬領域。Atatechconferencelastyear,Hintonemphasizedthedifferencesaresmallerthanyoumightthink.在去年的一次科技會議上，辛頓強調，這種差異比你想象的要小得多?！癢e’rejustamachine.We’reawonderful,incrediblycomplicatedmachine,butwe’rejustabig

neural

net.

Andthere’snoreasonwhyanartificialneuralnetshouldn’tbeabletodoeverythingwecando.”“我們只是一臺機器。我們是一臺奇妙的、極其復雜的機器，但我們只是一個巨大的神經網絡。沒有理由說人工神經網絡不能做我們能做的一切?！盡odernartificialneuralnetworksarestructuredonthetwo

recipients’

groundbreaking

ideasinthefieldofstatisticalphysics.現(xiàn)代人工神經網絡是基于這兩位獲獎者在統(tǒng)計物理學領域的開創(chuàng)性思想建立的。Theirmodelsallowmachinestostartmakingapparentlyintuitiveleapsthroughassociationoridentifyingsimilarelementsinsystemslikehumanscan.他們的模型讓機器開始像人類一樣，通過聯(lián)想或識別系統(tǒng)中的相似元素，實現(xiàn)明顯的直覺飛躍。That’s

radically

changed,forinstance,

cancer

diagnosis.這從根本上改變了，例如，癌癥診斷?！癥oucantrainanartificialneuralnetworkonwhichareknowntobe

tumors

imagesthatyouknowthisisaproblem,youtrainthenetwork,

andthenitcanbecomeveryfastandefficientatfindingthisinimages.

Anditcanworkmuchmorequicklyoritassiststhedoctorandbemuchmorecertaininthediagnosis.”“你可以通過一個已知是腫瘤的圖像來訓練人工神經網絡，你知道這是個問題，你訓練網絡，然后它可以變得非?？焖俸陀行У卦趫D像中發(fā)現(xiàn)問題所在。它可以更快地工作，或者幫助醫(yī)生更確定診斷?！盇ndmedicalimagingisjustoneareawheretheresearchhashadahugeimpact.醫(yī)學成像只是該研究產生巨大影響的一個領域。Alnowalsoplayskeyrolesinfieldsasdiverseaslargelanguagemodels,

particlephysics,atmosphericandclimatemodeling,andpredictingthestructureofproteins.如今，人工智能在大型語言模型、粒子物理、大氣和氣候建模以及預測蛋白質結構等領域也發(fā)揮著關鍵作用。ThePhysicsPrizethisyeargoesforresearchthathaschangedandcontinuestochangetheworldasweknowit.今年的諾貝爾物理學獎，屬于這個已經、并將持續(xù)改變我們所知世界的研究。詞匯積累1.mimic

v.

模仿（某人的言行舉止）；（尤指）做滑稽模仿2.province

n.

知識（或興趣、職責）范圍；領域（熟詞生義）3.neural

adj.

神經的；神經系統(tǒng)的4.recipient

n.

受方；接受者5.groundbreaking

adj.

開創(chuàng)的；創(chuàng)新的；革新的6.radically

adv.

根本地；徹底地7.diagnosis

n.

（對疾病的）診斷；（對問題的）判斷8.tumor

n.

腫瘤9.particlephysics

粒子物理語法填空Backinthe1980s,JohnHopfieldand

GeoffreyHintonsetthestagefor

today’sartificialintelligenceby

usingphysics

1

(identify)

patternsin

information.Theirworknowallowsmachinesto

mimiclearningandremembering,

functionsthatwerepreviouslythought

tobe

2

soleprovinceoforganic

brains.Atatechconferencelastyear,Hinton

3

(emphasize)

thedifferencesaresmaller

thanyoumightthink.“We’rejustamachine.We’rea

wonderful,

4

(incredible)

complicated

machine,butwe’rejustabigneuralnet.

Andthere’snoreason

5

anartificialneuralnetshouldn’tbeabletodo

everythingwecando.”Modernartificialneuralnetworks

6

(structure)

onthetworecipients’

groundbreakingideasinthefieldof

statisticalphysics.Theirmodelsallow

7

(machine)

tostart

makingapparentlyintuitiveleaps

throughassociationor

8

(identify)

similarelementsinsystemslikehumans

can.That’sradicallychanged,forinstance,

cancerdiagnosis.“Youcantrainanartificial

neuralnetworkonwhichareknowntobetumorsimagesthatyouknowthisisaproblem,youtrainthenetwork,

andthenitcanbecomeveryfastand

9

(efficiency)

atfindingthisinimages.

Anditcanworkmuchmorequicklyoritassiststhedoctorandbemuchmorecertaininthediagnosis.”Andmedicalimagingisjustoneareawheretheresearchhashadahugeimpact.Alnowalsoplayskeyrolesinfields

asdiverseaslargelanguagemodels,

particlephysics,atmosphericand

climatemodeling,andpredictingthe

structureofproteins.ThePhysicsPrizethisyeargoes

forresearchthat

10

(change)

and

continuestochangetheworld

asweknowit.參考答案1.toidentify

2.the

3.

emphasized

4.incredibly

5.why6.arestructured

7.machines

8.

identifying

9.efficient

10.haschanged韓國作家韓江榮獲2024年諾貝爾文學獎雙語新聞ThestreetsofStockholm’soldtowncanfeelliketheywerecreatedtoinspireanovel.斯德哥爾摩老城區(qū)的街道，仿佛為小說創(chuàng)作提供了靈感。SwedenhasthemostwinnersoftheNobelLiteraturePrizeofanycountryforitspopulation.就人口而言，瑞典是諾貝爾文學獎得主最多的國家。ButthehistorictrendofchoosingmalewritersfromtheWestwasavoidedthisyearbytheSwedishAcademy.但今年瑞典學院避免了選擇西方男性作家作為獲獎者的歷史趨勢?！癟heNobelprizeinliteraturefor2024isawardedtoSouthKoreanauthorHanKangforher

intense

poetic

prose

that

confronts

historical

traumas

andexposesthe

fragility

ofhumanlife.”“韓國作家韓江用強烈的詩意散文直面歷史創(chuàng)傷、揭露人類生命的脆弱，從而榮獲2024年諾貝爾文學獎?！盚an’sbooksinclude“TheVegetarian”,

“TheWhiteBook”,and“HumanActs”

—whichdescribesa

massacre

inherhomecityofGwangjuin1980.她的著作包括《素食者》、《白皮書》和《人類行為》,在《人類行為》一書中，她講述了1980年發(fā)生在她的家鄉(xiāng)光州的一起大屠殺。Her$1.1millionprizewillbeawardedinStockholminDecember.韓江的110萬美元獎金將于12月在斯德哥爾摩頒發(fā)。ButshemayhaveanotherreasontotraveltoSweden.但她去瑞典可能還有另一個原因。“We’regoingtoinvitehertolibrary,

whereshewouldcomeandwherewouldgreether.”“我們打算邀請她前往圖書館，她會來到那里，得到大家的熱烈歡迎?！盉ookloversinSeoulwelcomednewsoftheirnew

laureate,whoisalsothefirstwomanfromanywhereinAsiatowintheprize.在首爾，圖書愛好者們?yōu)樗麄兊男芦@獎者的消息高興不已，韓江也是第一位獲得諾貝爾文學獎的亞洲女性。詞匯積累1.intense

adj.

強烈的；劇烈的；極度的2.prose

n.

散文3.confront

v.

使面對；使面臨；使正視4.trauma

n.

精神創(chuàng)傷；痛苦經歷5.fragility

n.

脆弱6.massacre

n.

屠殺7.laureate

n.

（因在藝術或科學領域有杰出成就而）獲獎者語法填空ThestreetsofStockholm’soldtown

canfeelliketheywerecreated

1

(inspire)

anovel.Swedenhasthemostwinnersofthe

NobelLiteraturePrizeofanycountryfor

its

2

(populate).Butthehistorictrendof

3

(choose)

malewritersfromtheWestwasavoidedthisyearbytheSwedishAcademy.“TheNobelprizeinliteraturefor2024

4

(award)

toSouthKoreanauthor

HanKangforherintensepoeticprose

5

confrontshistoricaltraumasandexposesthefragilityofhumanlife.”Han’sbooksinclude“TheVegetarian”,

“TheWhiteBook”,and“HumanActs”

—which

6

(describe)

amassacreinherhomecityofGwangjuin1980.Her$1.1millionprizewillbeawardedin

Stockholm

7

December.Butshemayhaveanotherreasonto

traveltoSweden.“We’regoingtoinvitehertolibrary,

whereshe

8

(come)

andwherewouldgreether.”Book

9

(love)

inSeoulwelcomednewsoftheirnewlaureate,whoisalsothefirstwomanfromanywhereinAsiatowin

10

prize.參考答案1.toinspire

2.population

3.

choosing

4.isawarded

5.that6.describes

7.in

8.

wouldcome

9.lovers

10.the睡午覺可以延緩大腦萎縮雙語新聞詞匯積累1.

snooze

n.

小睡2.

napper

n.

打盹的人3.

equivalent

adj.

（價值、數(shù)量、意義、重要性等）相同的；相等的4.

shrink

v.

萎縮5.

dementia

n.

癡呆；精神錯亂6.

inflammation

n.

發(fā)炎；炎癥7.

neurodegeneration

n.

神經退行性病變；神經元退變8.

compensate

v.

補償；彌補9.

reverse

n.

相反的情況（或事物）語法填空Regularly

1

(find)timeforalittlesnoozeisgoodforourbrainandhelpskeepitbiggerforalongerperiodoftime,sayUniversityCollegeLondonresearchers.Theteamshowednappers’

brainswere15cubiccentimeters(0.9cubicinches)larger—

equivalenttodelayingageingbybetweenthreeandsixyears.

However,thescientistsrecommendkeepingnapsto

2

(little)

thanhalfanhour.Thebrain

3

(natural)

shrinkswithage,butwhethernapscouldhelppreventdiseaseslikeAlzheimer’swillstillneedextraresearch.Overallbrainhealthisimportantforprotectingagainstdementiaastheconditionislinkedtodisturbedsleep.

Theresearcherssuggestpoorsleepisdamagingthebrainovertimeby

4

(cause)

inflammationandaffectingtheconnectionsbetweenbraincells.“Thus,regularnappingcouldprotectagainstneurodegenerationbycompensatingford