專題08謂語動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)-2024年中考英語真題題源解密（原卷版）

專題08謂語動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)江蘇中考英語對謂語動詞的考查集中在單項選擇題、填空題和短文填空題?？疾橹攸c包括謂語動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。本專題目的在于幫助學(xué)生梳理謂語動詞的用法，以幫助同學(xué)們高效復(fù)習。考點考向考法/命題角度謂語動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)謂語動詞的時態(tài)謂語動詞的基本時態(tài)謂語動詞的語態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時、一般將來時和含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)。?考向一謂語動詞的時態(tài)1．（2023·江蘇淮安）—SuHai,whatwillyoudofortheingFather’sDay?—I________abeautifulcardformyfather.A．design B．designed C．willdesign D．wasdesigning【答案】C【詳解】句意：——蘇海，在即將到來的父親節(jié)你會做什么？——我將為我父親設(shè)計一張漂亮的卡片?？疾闀r態(tài)。根據(jù)“fortheingFather’sDay”可知動作還未發(fā)生，用一般將來時willdo。故選C。2．（2023·江蘇常州）We________onthecountrysideroadwhenasuddenstormhit,sowemadeourwayback.A．jogged B．werejogging C．havejogged D．willjog【答案】B【詳解】句意：我們在鄉(xiāng)間小路上慢跑時，突然刮起了暴風雨，于是我們往回走。考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)“whenasuddenstormhit”可知是當暴風雨時，正在慢跑，用過去進行時was/weredoing。故選B。3．（2023·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江）TeawasborninChinaover4,000yearsago.Nowit________partofpeople’slifearoundtheworld.A．became B．hasbee C．wasbeing D．bee【答案】B【詳解】句意：茶起源于4000多年前的中國?，F(xiàn)在它已經(jīng)成為世界各地人們生活的一部分?？疾閯釉~時態(tài)。根據(jù)“TeawasborninChinaover4,000yearsago.”結(jié)合語境可知，茶現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)成為世界各地人們生活的一部分，所以此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時have/hasdone，故選B。4．（2023·江蘇揚州）I________ChinaforthreemonthsandthisisthefirsttimeI’vetriedonhanfu.A．havegoneto B．havebeento C．havearrivedin D．havebeenin【答案】D【詳解】句意：我來中國三個月了，這是我第一次穿漢服。考查動詞短語。havegoneto去了（而且現(xiàn)在還在）某地；havebeento去過了（而現(xiàn)在沒在）某地；havearrivedin已經(jīng)到了，短暫性動詞；havebeenin（現(xiàn)在）在某地。根據(jù)“forthreemonths”可知，應(yīng)是在中國三個月了，且應(yīng)與延續(xù)性動詞連用，故選D。謂語動詞的時態(tài)時態(tài)含義結(jié)構(gòu)時間狀語一般現(xiàn)在時表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。am/is/are或其他動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時形式usually,always,often,everyday等一般過去時表示過去發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，也可表示過去經(jīng)常性的動作。was/were或其他動詞的過去式形式y(tǒng)esterday,in1992,lastyear,threedaysago等現(xiàn)在進行時表示現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作或發(fā)生的事。am/is/are+動詞ing形式now,atthemoment等一般將來時表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。begoingto/will+動詞原形tomorrow,nextweek，inthefuture等過去進行時表示在過去某段時間內(nèi)正在發(fā)生的事情或行為。was/were+動詞ing形式at2:00yesterday，atthistimeyesterday，while/when，then/atthattime/atthatmoment；whenmyfathergothome現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響，或者表示從過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)has/have+動詞的過去分詞形式since，for，sofar，already，yet，recently，ever，twice，inthelast/pastfewyears考點1：一般現(xiàn)在時注意：1.在條件狀語從句和時間狀語從句中，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時。常用的標志詞有：if，unless，assoonas，when，not…until…，before。如：You’llbelateforschoolifyoudon’ttakeataxi.如果不搭計程車，你上學(xué)就遲到了考點二：一般過去時考點三：現(xiàn)在進行時注意：1e，go，leave，arrive，begin，start，fly，move等表示位置移動的動詞，常用進行時表示將來。如：Look!Busising.看！車就要來了。IamleavingforShanghai.我將出發(fā)去上海。2.be+介詞/副詞，也可表示正在進行的動作。如：Heisatwork.=Heisworking.他正在工作?？键c四：一般將來時考點五：過去進行時考點六：現(xiàn)在完成時注意：1.與表示一段時間的標志詞連用，短暫性動詞要變?yōu)槌掷m(xù)性動詞（見下表）。表示一段時間的標志詞有：for，since，howlong。2.常用的現(xiàn)在完成時的句型結(jié)構(gòu)（1）Ithasbeen/It’s+時間段+since+過去時從句/過去的時間如：Ithasbeen/It’sthreeyearssincewemeteachotherlasttime.自從我們上次見面以來已經(jīng)有三年了。?考向二謂語動詞的語態(tài)5．（2023·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江）WhenIwasapupil,someofmypocketmoney________tobuyicbooks.A．use B．isused C．used D．wasused【答案】D【詳解】句意：當我還是個學(xué)生的時候，我的一些零花錢被用來買漫畫書?？疾楸粍诱Z態(tài)。分析題干可知，主語pocketmoney和動詞use之間是被動關(guān)系，結(jié)合“WhenIwasapupil”可知，應(yīng)用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，故選D。6．（2023·江蘇徐州）TheMonkeyKingisatraditionalChinesecharacter.It________bypeopleofallages.A．isloved B．wasloved C．willlove D．isloving【答案】A【詳解】句意：孫悟空是中國的一個傳統(tǒng)人物。它受到所有年齡段的人的喜愛?？疾楸粍诱Z態(tài)及動詞時態(tài)。根據(jù)“by”可知，此處是被動語態(tài)，指孫悟空被人們喜愛。本句陳述事實，故為一般現(xiàn)在時。故選A。7．（2023·江蘇連云港）Tomaketheenvironmentmuchbetter,moretrees________nextyear.A．plant B．willplant C．a(chǎn)replanted D．willbeplanted【答案】D【詳解】句意：為了使環(huán)境更好，明年將種植更多的樹?？疾橐话銓頃r被動語態(tài)。主語moretrees與動詞plant之間被動關(guān)系，結(jié)合nextyear可知，此處用一般將來時被動語態(tài)willbedone的結(jié)構(gòu)，故選D。謂語動詞的語態(tài)1.概念：英語動詞有兩種語態(tài)，主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。主動語態(tài)的主語是動作的執(zhí)行者；被動語態(tài)的主語是動作的承受者，理解為“被……”。2.結(jié)構(gòu)：被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)是“be+過去分詞”，be動詞有時態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化。當不知道動作的執(zhí)行者或沒必要指出動作的執(zhí)行者，只強調(diào)突出動作的承受者時，用被動語態(tài)。【易錯警示】難點（1）：動詞短語變成被動語態(tài)時，要保持完整，不能丟掉其中的介詞或副詞。如：Theoldaretakengoodcareofintheoldpeople’shome.老人們在敬老院被照顧得很好。難點（2）：省略to的動詞不定式，在被動語態(tài)中要還原to。難點（3）：不用被動語態(tài)的詞，常見的有：1.五感官三變化兩發(fā)生：look，smell，taste，feel，sound，bee，get，turn，happen，takeplace。如：Theflowerssmellnice.花聞起來很香。（不能用aresmelt）GreatchangestookplaceinChina.中國發(fā)生了巨大變化。（不能用weretakenplace）2.eout，belongto，breakout，spread，appear，disappear也不用被動語態(tài)。如：TheCDcameoutyesterday.這個CD昨天就發(fā)行了。（不能用waseout）3.某些可以和“well，easily，smoothly”連用的不及物動詞，且主語是物體，不用被動語態(tài)。這類詞有：read，write，draw，wash，clean，cook，sell，lock，open，cut。如：Thiskindofpenwritesverysmoothly.這種筆寫起來很流暢。（不能用iswritten）Thiskindofshirtsellsverywell.這款裙子賣得很好。（不能用issold）難點（4）：一些易混淆的被動語態(tài)用法1.havesth.done=havesb.dosth.請別人做某事如：IhavemyTVrepaired.=IhavesomeonerepairmyTV.我請人修電視。2.Itissaidthat…/Itisbelievedthat…/Itisreportedthat…據(jù)說/據(jù)認為/據(jù)報道如：It’ssaidthatthelibraryhasalonghistory.據(jù)說這個圖書館有悠久的歷史。3.grow表示種植時，有被動語態(tài)；grow表示成長，生長時，沒有被動語態(tài)。如：RiceisgrowninthesouthofChina.水稻種植在中國南方。Ricegrowswellthisyear.水稻今年長得很好。（不能用isgrown）4.sth.need/requiredoing=sth.need/requiretobedone需要/要求做某事如：Theflowersneedwatering.=Theflowersneedtobewatered.花需要澆水。難點（5）：帶雙賓語的動詞變被動語態(tài)：A謂語動詞的時態(tài)8．（2023·江蘇宿遷·校聯(lián)考一模）—Mum,whereisDad?—He________toChengduonbusinessandhe’llbebacknextweek.A．hasgone B．isgoing C．went D．goes9．（2023·江蘇淮安·?？家荒＃狪wonderifJohn________nextyear’stalentshow.—Ihavenoidea.ButIthinkifhe________hisclassproject,hewill.A．joins;finishes B．joinsin;willfinishC．takespartin;finishes D．willtakepartin;finishes10．（2023·江蘇徐州·?？级＃狝reyougoingtowatchtheingshowinWandaPlaza?—Sure.IwillgotherethisSaturdayunlesstheshow________.A．willbecancelled B．iscancelled C．willcancel D．cancels11．（2023·江蘇宿遷·校聯(lián)考三模）—Hey,Kitty!Why________youetothecinemawithusyesterday?—Sorry.I________aninterestingbookcalledThreeBodyProblematthattimeyesterday.A．not;wasreading B．don’t;wasreading C．didn’t;wasreading D．not;read12．（2023·江蘇南京·統(tǒng)考二模）—Shallwemeetatthezoogateat8a.m.?—Infactweneedn’t.It________until9a.m.A．doesn’topen B．opens C．didn’topen D．opened13．（2023·江蘇南京·?？家荒＃猅omhasgonetoShanghaiforatrip.—Oh,Ididn’tknow.When________?A．hasheleft B．washeleaving C．didheleave D．willheleave14．（2023·江蘇常州·?？家荒＃狧urry!Hurry!I’mafraidthefilm_______forawhile.—Watchyourstep!Safetyalwaysesfirst.A．wason B．hasbegun C．began D．hasbeenon15．（2023·江蘇徐州·統(tǒng)考三模）Ourschool________abigfootballfieldnearthelibrary.Nowwecanplayhappilythere.A．builds B．willbuild C．isbuilding D．hasbuilt16．（2023·江蘇無錫·江蘇省錫山高級中學(xué)實驗學(xué)校?？既＃㎝onthsagoIranandKSAwereinagreementthatthey________alongwitheachother.A．got B．get C．weregetting D．wouldget17．（2023·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·統(tǒng)考二模）Inthepastfewmonths,alotofforeignleaders________interviewswithPresidentXiJinping.ItmeansthatChinaisplayingamoreandmoreimportantroleintheworld.A．had B．a(chǎn)rehaving C．havehad D．willhave18．（2023·江蘇常州·?？级＃㎡urcountry________greatchangesinthepast75yearsanditisnolonger________itusedtobe.A．wentthrough;what B．hasgonethrough;that C．experienced;that D．hasexperienced;what19．（2023·江蘇宿遷·統(tǒng)考三模）—Whatareyousavingmoneyfor?—Father’sDayisaroundthecorner.I________agiftformyfather.A．bought B．havebought C．wasbuying D．a(chǎn)mgoingtobuy20．（2023·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·統(tǒng)考二模）—Jack,whyareyousolate?I________hereforonehour.—Itcan’tbeworse.WhenIwasabouttogoout,Igotacallfrommyboss.A．waited B．wait C．havewaited D．waswaiting21．（2023·江蘇揚州·?？级＃狧asyourfatherebackfromShanghai?—Yes.He______thereforaboutonemonthtotakecareofmygrandfatherinhospital.A．hasstayed B．stays C．willstay D．stayed22．（2023·江蘇南京·南京外國語學(xué)校仙林分校?？既＃㏕heweatherischangeablethesedays.Itrainyandcloudyinthepastfewdays.Ihopethattomorrowwillbeasunnyday.A．willbe B．is C．hasbeen D．was23．（2023·江蘇連云港·校考二模）—Haveyouvisitedthe2023GardenEXPOinLianyungang?—Notyet.I________thewholedayyesterday.A．work B．worked C．wasworking D．hasworked24．（2023·江蘇南通·統(tǒng)考二模）—Rememberthefirsttimewemet?—Alwaysinmymind!You________anovelcalledTreasureIsland.A．read B．haveread C．a(chǎn)rereading D．werereading25．（2023·江蘇南京·統(tǒng)考二模）—Shirley,shallwewatchthefilmBorntoFlythisweekend?—I’mafraidnot.I________ittwiceandthestoryofChinesepilotsreallytouchedme.A．watch B．watched C．waswatching D．havewatched26．（2023·江蘇常州·統(tǒng)考一模）Severalmeninblack________whenthepolicecameintotherestaurant.A．weredrinking B．havedrunk C．drank D．a(chǎn)redrinking27．（2023·江蘇南通·統(tǒng)考二模）—________didyouruncleleaveforthecapitalofDenmark?—Letmesee.He________fornearly2months.A．When;hasleft B．Howlong;hasbeenawayC．Howlong;hasleft D．When;hasbeenaway28．（2023·江蘇淮安·校聯(lián)考三模）Youhadbettergooverwhatyouhavelearntasoftenaspossibleoryou________iteasily.A．forgot B．forgets C．willforget D．isforgetting29．（2023·江蘇南通·統(tǒng)考二模）—WhatdoyouthinkofthefilmFullRiverRed?—Wonderful.ItwasthebestmovieI________duringthewinterholiday.A．havewatched B．watched C．watch D．waswatching30．（2023·江蘇連云港·統(tǒng)考二模）Everyyear,Samuel________aDIYpresenttohisfatheronFather’sDay.A．willsend B．sends C．willbesent D．issentB謂語動詞的語態(tài)31．（2023·江蘇南通·?？既＃狪t’ssaidthatscientistsarenowdoingresearchonsearice.—Great!Ifrice______insaltywater,China’sfoodsupplywillsurelyrisegreatly.A．willplant B．plant C．willbeplanted D．isplanted32．（2023·江蘇南京·統(tǒng)考二模）It’ssaidhernameinthenewlypublishedarticlenextmonth.A．mentions B．ismentioned C．willmention D．willbementioned33．（2023·江蘇徐州·統(tǒng)考三模）TheMonkeyKingisaChinesecartoonhero.Today,he________bypeopleofallages.A．willlove B．wasloved C．isloved D．willbeloved34．（2023·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·統(tǒng)考二模）Accordingtothesurvey,about800,000newenergyvehicles（車輛）madeinChina________toforeigncountriesbytheendof2023.A．willsell B．a(chǎn)resold C．willbesold D．sell35．（2023·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·統(tǒng)考二模）Tomwillemailhisprojectplantoyouassoonasit________tomorrow.A．hasfinished B．isfinished C．finishes D．willbefinished36．（2023·江蘇南京·南師附中樹人學(xué)校?？既＃㏕hereisarayofhopethatpeoplemissingattheseaafterthestormlastnight________alive.A．werefound B．a(chǎn)refound C．found D．willbefound37．（2023·江蘇泰州·校考三模）—TheEntranceExamsforthehighschoolising,I’msostressed!—Don’tworry.Nothingwillbedifficultifmoretime________onthem.A．willspend B．willbespent C．isspent D．spends38．（2023·江蘇揚州·?？既＃㎎anespendshalfofherpocketmoneyonbooks.Therest________forfutureuse.A．saved B．a(chǎn)resaved C．issaved D．wassaved39．（2023·江蘇南京·統(tǒng)考二模）InEnglishclass,morechances________tostudentstolearnfromeachotheringroups.A．offer B．willoffer C．a(chǎn)reoffering D．a(chǎn)reoffered40．（2023·江蘇宿遷·統(tǒng)考三模）Lastyear,MrZhang________toaschoolinthecountrysidetoteachEnglish.A．wassent B．hassent C．willbesent D．issent41．（2023·江蘇南京·統(tǒng)考二模）Oxfam,aninternationalcharity,________intheUKin1942tohelppeopleinhunger.A．setup B．wassetup C．tookup D．wastakenup42．（2023·江蘇宿遷·統(tǒng)考三模）—Wow!Allthebreadinthisstore________.—Yes.Thebreadtherealways________.A．sellsout;tasteswell B．sellsout;istastedgoodC．issoldout;istastedwell D．issoldout;tastesgood43．（2023·江蘇鹽城·校考二模）Threemorenewschools________inourcitynextyear.A．willbuild B．isbuilt C．build D．willbebuilt44．（2023·江蘇泰州·統(tǒng)考二模）—Howexciting!The19thAsianGames________inHangzhouinSeptember2023.—