小學英語語法要點及習題總結(jié)

PAGEPAGE1小學英語語法要點及習題(名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則）1．一般情況下,直接加-s,如：book-books,bag—bags,cat-cats，bed-beds2．以s。x。sh.ch結(jié)尾，加—es,如：bus—buses，box-boxes，brush—brushes，watch-watches3．以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i，再加—es,如：family-families,strawberry—strawberries4．以“f或fe”結(jié)尾，變f或fe為v，再加-es，如：knife-knives5．不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)：man-menwoman-womenpoliceman—policemenpolicewoman-policewomenmouse—micechild—childrenfoot-feettooth—teethfish—fishpeople-peopleChinese—ChineseJapanese-Japanese小練習：寫出下列各詞的復(fù)數(shù)I_________him_________this___________her______watch_______child_______photo________diary______day________foot________book_______dress________tooth_______sheep______box_______strawberry_____thief_______yo—yo______peach______sandwich______man______woman_______paper_______juice___________water________milk________rice__________tea__________小學英語語法總結(jié)及習題(一般現(xiàn)在時）一般現(xiàn)在時基本用法介紹【No。1】一般現(xiàn)在時的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：Theskyisblue。天空是藍色的。2.表示經(jīng)常性或習慣性的動作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday。我每天六點起床。3。表示客觀現(xiàn)實。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn).一般現(xiàn)在時的構(gòu)成1.be動詞:主語+be（am，is，are）+其它。如:Iamaboy.我是一個男孩。2。行為動詞：主語+行為動詞（+其它)。如:WestudyEnglish。我們學習英語.當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)（he，she，it)時,要在動詞后加”-s”或”—es"。如：MarylikesChinese?，旣愊矚g漢語。一般現(xiàn)在時的變化1。be動詞的變化。否定句：主語+be+not+其它。如：Heisnotaworker。他不是工人.一般疑問句：Be+主語+其它。如：-Areyouastudent？-Yes.Iam./No，I'mnot。特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：Whereismybike?2。行為動詞的變化.否定句：主語+don’t（doesn’t）+動詞原形（+其它).如：Idon’tlikebread.當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時,要用doesn’t構(gòu)成否定句。如:Hedoesn’toftenplay.一般疑問句：Do（Does）+主語+動詞原形+其它。如：—Doyouoftenplayfootball？-Yes，Ido./No,Idon’t。當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問句.如:-Doesshegotoworkbybike？—Yes，shedoes。/No，shedoesn’t。特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句.如：Howdoesyourfathergotowork？動詞+s的變化規(guī)則1．一般情況下，直接加—s，如：cook—cooks,milk—milks2．以s.x。sh。ch。o結(jié)尾,加—es，如：guess-guesses，wash-washes,watch—watches，go—goes3．以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i，再加—es，如：study-studies一般現(xiàn)在時用法專練：一、寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)drink________go_______stay________make________look_________have_______pass_______carry____come________watch______plant_______fly________study_______brush________do_________teach_______二、用括號內(nèi)動詞的適當形式填空。1。Heoften________（have)dinnerathome。2。DanielandTommy_______（be)inClassOne.3.We_______（notwatch）TVonMonday。4。Nick_______（notgo）tothezooonSunday。5.______they________(like）theWorldCup?6.What_______theyoften_______（do)onSaturdays?7._______yourparents_______（read）newspaperseveryday？8.Thegirl_______（teach）usEnglishonSundays.9。SheandI________（take）awalktogethereveryevening.10。There________(be)somewaterinthebottle.11。Mike_______（like)cooking。12.They_______（have）thesamehobby.13.Myaunt_______(look）afterherbabycarefully.14。Youalways_______（do)yourhomeworkwell.15。I_______（be）ill。I’mstayinginbed.16。She_______（go）toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.17.LiuTao_______（do）notlikePE。18。Thechildoften_______（watch）TVintheevening。19。SuHaiandSuYang_______（have）eightlessonsthisterm。20。－Whatday_______（be）ittoday？－It'sSaturday。三、按照要求改寫句子1。DanielwatchesTVeveryevening.（改為否定句)___________________________________________________2.Idomyhomeworkeveryday。（改為一般疑問句，作否定回答）_______________________________________________________3。Shelikesmilk.（改為一般疑問句，作肯定回答)___________________________4。Amylikesplayingcomputergames。(改為一般疑問句，作否定回答）___________________________________________________5。Wegotoschooleverymorning.(改為否定句)_______________________________________________________6。HespeaksEnglishverywell.(改為否定句）___________________________________________________7.Iliketakingphotosinthepark.（對劃線部分提問)_______________________________________________________8.JohncomesfromCanada。（對劃線部分提問)___________________________________________________9。Sheisalwaysagoodstudent.（改為一般疑問句，作否定回答）_______________________________________________________10.SimonandDaniellikegoingskating。（改為否定句）___________________________________________________四、改錯（劃出錯誤的地方，將正確的寫在橫線上)1.IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish？__________________2。Doeshelikesgoingfishing？__________________3.Helikesplaygamesafterclass。__________________4。Mr。WuteachsusEnglish。__________________5。Shedon'tdoherhomeworkonSundays._________________小學英語語法總結(jié)及習題（現(xiàn)在進行時）1．現(xiàn)在進行時表示現(xiàn)在正在進行或發(fā)生的動作,也可表示當前一段時間內(nèi)的活動或現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作。2．現(xiàn)在進行時的肯定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為be+動詞ing。3．現(xiàn)在進行時的否定句在be后加not.4．現(xiàn)在進行時的一般疑問句把be動詞調(diào)到句首.5．現(xiàn)在進行時的特殊疑問的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞不達意+be+主語+動詞ing？但疑問詞當主語時其結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞不達意+be+動詞ing？動詞加ing的變化規(guī)則1．一般情況下，直接加ing，如：cook—cooking2．以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加ing，如：make-making，taste—tasting3．如果末尾是一個元音字母和一個輔音字母,雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加ing,如：run—running,stop-stopping現(xiàn)在進行時專項練習：一、寫出下列動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：play________run__________swim_________make__________go_________like________write_________ski___________read________have_________sing________dance_________put_________see________buy_________love____________live_______take_________come________get_________stop_________sit________begin________shop___________二、用所給的動詞的正確形式填空:1。Theboy__________________(draw）apicturenow.2.Listen.Somegirls_______________（sing)intheclassroom.3。Mymother_________________（cook）somenicefoodnow。4。What_____you______(do)now？5.Look.They_______________（have）anEnglishlesson.6。They____________(not，water）theflowersnow。7.Look！thegirls________________（dance）intheclassroom。8。Whatisourgranddaughterdoing？She_________（listen）tomusic。9。It's5o’clocknow。We_____________(have）suppernow10.______Helen____________(wash）clothes？Yes，sheis.三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換:1.Theyaredoinghousework.（分別改成一般疑問句和否定句）______________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.（改一般疑問句并作肯定和否定回答）______________________________________________________________________________________________________________3．I’mplayingthefootballintheplayground。（對劃線部分進行提問)_______________________________________________________4．Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.（對劃線部分進行提問）_______________________________________________________小學英語語法總結(jié)及習題4一般將來時一、概念:表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計劃或準備做某事。句中一般有以下時間狀語：tomorrow,nextday(week，month，year…),soon，thedayaftertomorrow（后天）等。二、基本結(jié)構(gòu):①begoingto+do;②will+do。三、否定句:在be動詞（am，is，are）l后加not或情態(tài)動詞will后加not成won’t.例如：I'mgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon?！鶬’mnotgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon。四、一般疑問句:be或will提到句首,some改為any,and改為or，第一二人稱互換。例如：Wearegoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend.→Areyougoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend?五、對劃線部分提問。一般情況，一般將來時的對劃線部分有三種情況。1.問人.Who例如：I'mgoingtoNewYorksoon?！鶺ho’sgoingtoNewYorksoon.2。問干什么。What…do。例如：Myfatherisgoingtowatcharacewithmethisafternoon。→Whatisyourfathergoingtodowithyouthisafternoon。3。問什么時候。When.例如：She'sgoingtogotobedatnine?！鶺henisshegoingtobed？六、同義句：begoingto=willIamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow(明天）.=Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow。練習：填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_____________________haveapicnicwithmyfriends.I________haveapicnicwithmyfriends.2。下個星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打籃球。What___________________________________________nextMonday?I__________________playbasketball.What_________youdonextMonday？I________playbasketball。3。你媽媽這個周末去購物嗎?是，她要去買一些水果。_____yourmother_______________goshoppingthis___________？Yes，she_________。She________________________buysomefruit。4。你們打算什么時候見面。Whattime_______you___________________meet？改句子。5.Nancyisgoingtogocamping。(改否定)Nancy________goingtogocamping。6.I’llgoandjointhem.(改否定）I_______go______jointhem.7.I’mgoingtogetupat6：30tomorrow。(改一般疑問句）_______________________togetupat6：30tomorrow？8.Wewillmeetatthebusstopat10：30。（改一般疑問句)_______________meetatthebusstopat10：30。9。Sheisgoingtolistentomusicafterschool。（對劃線部分提問)_______________she_________________________afterschool?10.Myfatherandmotheraregoingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.（同上）__________________goingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.用所給詞的適當形式填空.11。Todayisasunnyday.We___________________(have）apicnicthisafternoon.12.Mybrother_______________(go）toShanghainextweek.13.Tomoften______________(go）toschoolonfoot。Buttodayisrain。He______________（go）toschoolbybike.14.Whatdoyouusuallydoatweekends？Iusually__________（watch）TVand____________(catch）insects?15。It’sFridaytoday。What_____she_________（do）thisweekend？She______________（watch）TVand_____________（catch)insects。16。What___________(d0)youdolastSunday?I____________（pick）applesonafarm。What______________（do)nextSunday？I______________(milk）cows。17.Mary____________（visit)hergrandparentstomorrow。18.LiuTao____________(fly）kitesintheplaygroundyesterday.19。David______________(give）apuppetshownextMonday。20。I________________（plan）formystudynow小學英語語法總結(jié)及習題5一般過去時PartA1．一般過去時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時間狀語連用。一般過去時也表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動作感謝。2．Be動詞在一般過去時中的變化:⑴am和is在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣as。(wasnot=wasn’t）⑵are在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣ere。（werenot=weren’t)⑶帶有was或were的句子，其否定、疑問的變化和is，am,are一樣,即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑問句把was或were調(diào)到句首。3．句中沒有be動詞的一般過去時的句子否定句：didn’t+動詞原形，如：Jimdidn’tgohomeyesterday。一般疑問句:在句首加did,句子中的動詞過去式變回原形.如:DidJimgohomeyesterday？特殊疑問句:⑴疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形?如：WhatdidJimdoyesterday？⑵疑問詞當主語時：疑問詞+動詞過去式？如：Whowenttohomeyesterday?動詞過去式變化規(guī)則：1．一般在動詞末尾加-ed，如:pull-pulled，cook-cooked2．結(jié)尾是e加d，如：taste—tasted3．末尾只有一個元音字母和一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié),應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加—ed，如：stop-stopped4．以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的，變y為i，再加-ed，如：study-studied5．不規(guī)則動詞過去式：am，is—was,are-were,do—did,see—saw，say—said，give—gave,get—got,go-went,come-came,have—had,eat—ate,take—took，run—ran,sing—sang，put-put,make—made，read—read，write-wrote,draw—drew，drink—drank,fly—flew，ride—rode,speak—spoke,sweep—swept,swim—swam,sit—sat一般過去時練習寫出下列動詞的過去式is\am_________fly_______plant________are________drink_________play_______go________make________does_________dance________worry________ask_____taste_________eat__________draw________put______throw________kick_________pass_______do________Be動詞的過去時練習（1）Name____________No.______Date__________一、用be動詞的適當形式填空1.I_______atschooljustnow。2.He________atthecamplastweek。3。We________studentstwoyearsago。4.They________onthefarmamomentago.5。YangLing________elevenyearsoldlastyear。6。There________anappleontheplateyesterday。7.There________somemilkinthefridgeonSunday。8。Themobilephone_______onthesofayesterdayevening.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1。Itwasexciting.否定句：________________________________________________一般疑問句：____________________________________________肯、否定回答：__________________________________________2。Allthestudentswereveryexcited。否定句：________________________________________________一般疑問句：____________________________________________肯、否定回答：__________________________________________3。Theywereinhispocket.否定句：________________________________________________一般疑問句:____________________________________________肯、否定回答：__________________________________________Be動詞的過去時練習(2）Name____________No。______Date__________一、用be動詞的適當形式填空1.I______anEnglishteachernow。2.She_______happyyesterday。3。They_______gladtoseeeachotherlastmonth.4.HelenandNancy________goodfriends。5.Thelittledog_____twoyearsoldthisyear.6.Look，there________lotsofgrapeshere.7。There________asignonthechaironMonday..8.Today_____thesecondofJune.Yesterday______thefirstofJune。It_____Children’sDay.Allthestudents______veryexcited。二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1。Therewasacarinfrontofthehousejustnow.否定句:________________________________________________一般疑問句：____________________________________________肯、否定回答：__________________________________________肯、否定回答：__________________________________________三、中譯英1．我的故事書剛才還在手表旁邊.___________________________________________________________2．他們的外套上個禮拜放在臥室里了。___________________________________________________________3．一會以前花園里有兩只小鳥.___________________________________________________________行為動詞的過去時練習(1）Name____________No。______Date__________一、用行為動詞的適當形式填空1。He_________（live)inWuxitwoyearsago.2。Thecat________（eat）abirdlastnight。3。We_______(have)apartylastHalloween。4。Nancy________（pick）uporangesonthefarmlastweek。5。I________（make）amodelshipwithMikeyesterday.6.They________（play)chessintheclassroomlastPElesson.7.Mymother_______(cook)anicefoodlastSpringFestival。8。Thegirls________（sing）and_______（dance)attheparty.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1。SuHaitooksomephotosattheSportsday。否定句：________________________________________________一般疑問句:____________________________________________肯、否定回答：__________________________________________2。Nancywenttoschoolearly.否定句：________________________________________________一般疑問句:____________________________________________肯、否定回答：__________________________________________3.WesangsomeEnglishsongs。否定句：________________________________________________一般疑問句：____________________________________________肯、否定回答:__________________________________________行為動詞的過去時練習（2）Name____________No。______Date__________一、用be動詞的適當形式填空1.I______（watch)acartoononSaturday.2.Herfather_______（read)anewspaperlastnight。3。We_________tozooyesterday，we_____tothepark.(go）4。______you_______(visit)yourrelativeslastSpringFestival?5.______he_______（fly)akiteonSunday？Yes，he______.6。GaoShan_______（pull）upcarrotslastNationalDayholiday。7。I____________(sweep）theflooryesterday，butmymother______.8。What______she_______（find）inthegardenlastmorning？She__________(find）abeautifulbutterfly。二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1。Theyplayedfootballintheplayground。否定句：________________________________________________一般疑問句:____________________________________________肯、否定回答：__________________________________________三、中譯英1。格林先生去年住在中國.________________________________________________________2。昨天我們參觀了農(nóng)場.________________________________________________________3。他剛才在找他的手機。________________________________________________________一、用動詞的適當形式填空1。It______（be）Ben'sbirthdaylastFriday.2。Weall______（have）agoodtimelastnight。3.He________(jump)highonlastSportsDay.4.Helen________（milk）acowonFriday。5。Shelikes______newspapers,butshe______abookyesterday.(read)6.He_______footballnow，butthey_______basketballjustnow。（play）7。Jim'smother_________(plant）treesjustnow。8._______they________(sweep）theflooronSunday?No，they_____。9.I_______（watch）acartoononMonday。10.We___________（go）toschoolonSunday。二、中譯英1.我們上周五看了一部電影。_________________________________________________________2。他上個中秋節(jié)走親訪友了嗎？是的。________________________________________________________3。你們上個兒童節(jié)做了什么？我們參觀了動物園._________________________________________________________4。你上周在哪兒？在野營基地。_________________________________________________________小學英語語法總結(jié)及習題6形容詞和副詞的比一、形容詞的比較級1、形容詞比較級在句子中的運用：兩個事物或人的比較用比較級，比較級后面一般帶有單詞than.比較級前面可以用more，alittle來修飾表示程度。than后的人稱代詞用主格（口語中可用賓格）。2．形容詞加er的規(guī)則：⑴一般在詞尾加er；⑵以字母e結(jié)尾，加r；⑶以一個元音字母和一個輔音字母結(jié)尾,應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加er;⑷以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，先把y變i，再加er。3．不規(guī)則形容詞比較級：good—better,beautiful-morebeautiful二、副詞的比較級1．形容詞與副詞的區(qū)別（有be用形,有形用be;有動用副，有副用動）⑴在句子中形容詞一般處于名詞之前或be動詞之后⑵副詞在句子中最常見的是處于實義動詞之后2．副詞比較級的變化規(guī)則基本與形容詞比較級相同（不規(guī)則變化：well—better，far-farther)練習一）、寫出下列形容詞或副詞的比較級old__________young________tall_______long________short________strong________big________small_______fat_________thin__________heavy______light________nice_________good_________beautiful__________________low__________high_________slow_______fast________late__________early_________far_________well_______二)、根據(jù)句意填入單詞的正確形式：1。Mybrotheristwoyears__________(old)thanme。2。Tomisas________（fat）asJim。3。Isyoursister__________(young）thanyou？Yes，sheis.4。Whois___________（thin)，youorHelen?Helenis。5。Whosepencil—boxis__________（big）,yoursorhers?Hersis。6。Mary’shairisas__________（long）asLucy's.7.Ben______（jump）________(high）thansomeoftheboysinhisclass。8。________Nancysing__________(well）thanHelen？Yes,she_____.9。Fangfangisnotas_________（tall）astheothergirls.10。Myeyesare__________（big)than________(she).。11。Whichis___________（heavy），theelephantorthepig？12。Whogetsup_