2024-2025學年新教材高中英語UNIT2ICONICATTRACTIONS教學知識細解碼學案新人教版選擇性必修第四冊

PAGEUNIT2ICONICATTRACTIONS1．foundvt.創(chuàng)辦；成立；建立→foundationn．創(chuàng)建；基礎；地基2．politicsn．政治→politicaladj.政治的3．bakevt.&vi.烤；烘焙→bakern．面包師；糕點師→bakeryn4．joinvt.&vi.連接；聯結→jointn．公共場所(尤指價格低廉的飲食和消遣場所)；關節(jié)adj5．butchern．肉販；屠夫；劊子手→butcheryn．屠場；大屠殺1．jointn．公共場所(尤指價格低廉的飲食和消遣場所)；關節(jié)adj.聯合的；共同的①Shefellandputherkneeoutofjoint. n．關節(jié)②Wewrotealetterinjointnames. adj.聯合的③Theywerejointownersofthehouse. adj.共同的2．premieradj.最聞名的；第一的；首要的n．首相；總理①Thepremieroccupiestheforemostplaceintheworldofpolitics. n．首相；總理②RitzCarltonisoneoftheworld'spremierhotelchains. adj.最聞名的③Thecompanyhasachievedapremierpositionintheelectronicsfield. adj.第一的；首要的WordsandPhraseseq\a\vs4\al(學問要點1)foundationn．創(chuàng)建；基礎；地基[教材原句P14]ThefoundationofAustralia澳大利亞的建立[例1]Thefoundationsofthebuildingsettled.這房屋的地基下陷了。[例2]Thefoundationofdemocracyisthewillofthepeopletopreserveliberty.民主的基礎在于人民維護自由的意志。[造句]這所舊房子有特別牢固的地基。Thisoldhousehasaverysolidfoundation.[學問拓展](1)laythefoundationfor 給……打下基礎；為……奠定基礎withoutfoundation 無依據的(2)foundvt. 創(chuàng)辦；成立；建立[即學即練]——單句語法填空①Yourbreakfastchoiceslaythefoundationforyourentiredayandyourlong-termhealth.②Theuniversities'concernisnotwithoutfoundation.③Whatisthefoundation(found)oftheirgoodrelationships?[小片段填空]Atthefoundationofwellfoundedbeliefliesbeliefthatisnotfounded．(found)eq\a\vs4\al(學問要點2)politicaladj.政治的[教材原句P14]Politicaldivisions行政區(qū)劃[例1]Thestudentsinthisuniversityareverypolitical.這所高校里的學生對政治很感愛好。[例2]Thiswholeissuehasbecomehighlypolitical.這完全的問題已經變得高度政治化了。[造句]我現在要說的是政治問題。WhatIwanttotalkaboutnowispoliticalquestions.[學問拓展](1)forpoliticalreasons 由于政治緣由politicalscience 政治學(2)politicsn. 政治；政治活動[即學即練]——單句語法填空①Butthislooksunlikelytohappensoon，forpoliticalreasons.②Igraduatedfirstinmyclassinpolitical(politics)science.eq\a\vs4\al(學問要點3)[教材原句P14]Bakeries，fast-foodjoints，butchershops，cafes，andrestaurantseverywhereprovidesomeofthepremierfoodexperiencesintheworld.面包店、快餐店、肉店、咖啡館和餐館到處供應了世界上一些頂級的美食體驗。(1)jointn．公共場所(尤指價格低廉的飲食和消遣場所)；關節(jié)adj.聯合的；共同的[例1]Areyousurethisjointiscompletelytight?你能確定這個連接處很堅固嗎？[例2]SheandFrankhadnevergotaroundtoopeningajointaccount.她和弗蘭克還沒有抽出時間去開聯名賬戶。[造句]這幅畫是他們合作的。Thispaintingistheirjointwork.[學問拓展](1)outofjoint (關節(jié))脫位；脫臼；雜亂無章；混亂； 迷惑ajointdeclaration/statement 聯合聲明ajointeffort 共同的努力(2)joinvt.&vijoinsb.in(doing)sth. 加入某人做某事；和某人一起做某事[即學即練]——單句語法填空①ThechildrenjoinedintheEnglishEveningandhadagoodtime.②Ihadabadfall，whichputmyshoulderoutofjoint.③Letusmakeajoint(join)effortforthenoblecauseofadvancingpeaceandhumanprogress![小片段填空]HewillbejoinedbyFangFenglei，thechairmanofthejointventure，GoldmanSachsGaohuaSecuritiesCo.(join)(2)premieradj.最聞名的；第一的；首要的n．首相；總理[例1]SheattendsBritain'spremieruniversity.她就讀于英國最好的高校。[例2]Thisparticularnameoriginatedwithanemperorandapremier.這個特別名字的來歷與一位皇帝和一位丞相有關。[造句]他是那個國家的第一個舞臺表演家。Heisthepremierstageperformerofthecountry.[學問拓展]takethepremierplace 占第一位，占首席Chinesepremier 中國總理beofpremierimportanceto 對……特別重要[即學即練]——完成句子①Hisworkonthecausesofdiseasesisofpremierimportancetothewholeworld.他對病因的探討對整個世界來說特別重要。②Saftytakesthepremierplaceduringthemanufacturing.平安在生產過程中占第一位。eq\a\vs4\al(學問要點4)straightforwardadj.坦率的；簡潔的[教材原句P15]Theyhaveastraightforwardandfree-and-easyattitudetowardslife，andtheirfriendlinessandwarmthmademefeelathomewhereverIwent.他們對生活有一種直率、瀟灑的看法，無論我走到哪里，他們的友好和熱忱都讓我感到賓至如歸。[例1]Shegavemeastraightforwardanswer.她坦率地回答了我。[例2]Gettingfundingfortheprojectwasfarfromstraightforward.為這一項目找尋資金絕非易事。[造句]我想你會發(fā)覺這些都相當簡潔。Ithinkyou'llfinditallquitestraightforward.[學問拓展]astraightforwardperson 坦率的人astraightforwardexplanation 率直的說明bestraightforwardwithsb.aboutsth. 關于……對某人坦率[即學即練]——單句語法填空①Hewasquitestraightforwardwithusaboutthedifficultiesinvolved.②Wouldsomeonebeabletogiveastraightforwardexplanation?SentencePatternseq\a\vs4\al(重點句式1)過去分詞短語作狀語[教材原句P14]Locatedtothesouthoftheequator，belowmanyothercountriesontheglobe，it'softeninformallyreferredtoas“downunder”．(澳大利亞)位于赤道以南，并在地球上很多國家的下方，它常被非正式地稱為“downunder”。[句式分析]句中Locatedtothesouthoftheequator在句中作緣由狀語。[例1]Lostinthought，shenearlyranintoatree.陷入深思，她差點撞到樹上。[例2]Leftathome，Johndidn'tfeelafraidatall.被留在家里，約翰一點也不覺得膽怯 。[造句]這些書一個多星期以前就被下訂單了，現在預料隨時會到。Orderedoveraweekago，thebooksareexpectedtoarriveanytimenow.[學問拓展]過去分詞短語通常在句中作時間、緣由、條件、讓步、伴隨、方式等狀語。過去分詞通常與句子的主語構成被動關系，或表示動作已完成。[即學即練]——單句語法填空/完成句子①Given(give)alotofmoney，helivedabetterlife.②Used(use)withcare，onetinwilllastforsixweeks.③Theteachercamein，followedbyagroupofstudents．老師進來了，后面跟著一群學生。eq\a\vs4\al(重點句式2)can'twaittodosth.迫不及待地想做某事[教材原句P14]Ican'twaittoseeallofthem!我迫不及待地要看到全部這些東西！[句式分析]句中can'twaittodosth.表示“迫不及待地想做某事”。[例1]Ican'twaittogetoutofthesewetclothes.我迫不及待地要脫下這些濕衣服。[例2]Wecanhardlywaittoseethem!我們迫不及待地想要見到他們！[造句]我急迫地想見到我的老同學們。Ican'twaittomeetmyoldclassmates.[學問拓展]canhardlywaittodosth./canhardlywaitforsth./cannotwaittodosth./cannotwaitforsth.迫不及待地想做某事[即學即練]——單句語法填空①Icanhardlywaittosee(see)thatmovie.②Icanhardlywaitforyouranswer.eq\a\vs4\al(重點句式3)wherever引導讓步狀語從句[教材原句P15]Theyhaveastraightforwardandfree-and-easyattitudetowardslife，andtheirfriendlinessandwarmthmademefeelathomewhereverIwent．他們對生活有一種直率、瀟灑的看法，無論我走到哪里，他們的友好和熱忱都讓我感到賓至如歸。[句式分析]eq\x(句中whereverIwent為wherever引導的讓步狀語從句。)[例1]Whereverthefilmstargoes，therearecrowdsofpeoplewaitingtoseeher.這位電影明星所到之處都有成群的人等著見她。[例2]Whereveritispossible，theillustrationsaretakenfromliterature.只要有可能，例證都取自文學作品。[造句]無論他在哪兒，我都要找到他。Iwillfindhimwhereverhemaybe.[學問拓展](1)whenever，wherever，however引導讓步狀語從句，相當于nomatterwhen/where/how。(2)whatever，whoever，whichever，whomever既可引導名詞性從句，也可引導讓步狀語從句，在引導讓步狀語從句時相當于nomatterwhat/who/which/whom。[即學即練]——完成句子①Howeverlatehegoeshome，hismotherwillwaitforhimtohavedinnertogether.不管他多晚回家，母親總會等他回來一起吃飯。②Youcancomewheneveryouwantandhavewhateveryoulike．您什么時候想來就來，想吃什么就吃什么。③Whateverdecisionhemade，Iwouldsupportit.無論他做出什么確定，我都支持。④Whoeverhasinterestinitcanapplyformembership.無論誰對它感愛好都可以申請成為會員。1．[教材原句P14]However，asImajorinsocialstudies，I'mmoreinterestedinmeetingpeopleinAustraliaandexperiencingtheirculture，food，andwayoflife.分析：句中asImajorinsocialstudies為as引導的緣由狀語從句，主句中第一個and連接兩個動名詞短語，作介詞in的賓語，其次個and連接三個并列賓語。譯文：然而，由于我的專業(yè)是社會探討，所以我更感愛好的是相識澳大利亞人，并體驗澳大利亞的文化、食物和生活方式。2．[教材原句P14]SinceIarrived，myfriendhasbroughtmetomyfirstopen-airbarbecueandhasalsosharedmanydifferentbutyummymealswithme，somyfirstimpressionsofAustraliahavebeenallaboutfood!分析：句中SinceIarrived為since引導的時間狀語從句，so連接表示因果關系的并列句。譯文：由于我到了澳大利亞，我的摯友帶我參與了我人生中的第一次露天燒烤，也和我共享了很多不同但美味的飯菜，所以我對澳大利亞的第一印象都是關于食物的！教材高考1.ThefoundationofAus(2024·江蘇卷)Bornataninternationalcranefoundation，Emmawasraisedbyhumancaretakers.2.Theyhaveastraightforwardandfree-and-easyattitudetowardslife，andtheirfriendlinessandwarmthmademefeelathomewhereverIwent.(2024·全國卷Ⅰ)Theresearcherssaythatthekeyboardshouldbeprettystraightforwardtocommercializeandismostlymadeofinexpensive，plastic-likeparts.(2024·北京卷)Whateverstageoflifeyou'reat，whereveryougoandwhateverprojectyoudoinGDA，you'llcreatepositivechangesinapoorandremotecommunity(社區(qū)).Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Thehouseisunsafesincethefoundations(found)wereunderminedbyfloods.2．Itwastimenowtoshowmorepolitical(politics)realism.3．Theequatorisanimaginarylinearoundthemiddleoftheearth.4．Thebaker(bake)frostedthecakewithamixtureofsugarandwhitesofeggs.5．I'vegotajobinajoint(join)venturecompanythere.6．Therearemanyinfamousmurderersinhistory，knownastruebutchers(butcher)．7．Acidrainisnotstraightforwardly(straightforward)attributabletotheburningofcoal.8．Herbs(herb)havebeenusedforcenturiestomakerefreshingdrinks.Ⅱ.短語填空withoutfoundation；forpoliticalreasons；outofjoint；bestraightforwardwith；beofpremierimportanceto1．Therewassomethingoutofjointinthesituation.Somethingwasstrange.2．Infacttherumoriswithoutfoundation．3．Childreneducationisofpremierimportancetoaman'sgrowth.4．Iwanttobestraightforwardwithyou.5．Henrywasforcedtoleavehismotherlandforpoliticalreasons．Ⅲ.課文語法填空SinceIarrivedinSydney，myfirstimpressionsofAustralia1.havebeen(be)alla