高考英語語法精講精練冠詞學(xué)生版

2012屆新課標高三第二輪專題講解冠詞分為不定冠詞（a,an），定冠詞（the），和零冠詞。1.指一類人或事，相當于akindofAplaneisamachinethatcanfly.2.第一次提及某人某物，非特指Aboyiswaitingforyou.有個男孩在等你。3.表示“每一”相當于every，oneWestudyeighthoursaday.4.表示“相同”相當于thesameWearenearlyofanage.5.用于人名前，表示不認識此人或與某名人有類似性質(zhì)的人或事—Hello,couldIspeaktoMr.Smith?—Sorry,wrongnumber.Thereisn't______Mr.Smithhere.A.不填B.aC.theD.oneThatboyisratheraLeiFeng.（活雷鋒）6.用于固定詞組中acoupleof,abit,onceuponatime,inahurry,haveawalk,manyatime7.用于quite,rather,many,half,what,such之后Thisroomisratherabigone.8.用于so(as,too,how)+形容詞之后Sheisascleveragirlasyoucanwishtomeet.9.用于抽象名詞具體化的名詞前success(抽象名詞)→asuccess(具體化)成功的人或事afailure失敗的人或事ashame帶來恥辱的人或事apity可惜或遺憾的事amust必需必備的東西agoodknowledgeof精通掌握某一方面的知識10.與序數(shù)詞連用，表示“又一，再一”。Inordertofindabetterjob,hedecidedtostudyasecondforeignlanguage.為了找到一個更好的工作，他決定再學(xué)習(xí)另外一門外語。1.表示某一類人或物InmanyplacesinChina,___bicycleisstill___popularmeansoftransportation.A.a;theB./;aC.the;aD.the;the2.用于世上獨一無二的事物名詞前theuniverse,themoon,thePacificOcean3.表示說話雙方都了解的或上文提到過的人或事Wouldyoumindopeningthedoor?4.用于演奏樂器playtheviolin,playtheguitar5.用于形容詞和分詞前表示一類人thereach,theliving,thewounded6.表示“一家人”或“夫婦”（對比上文的不定冠詞用法5）—Couldyoutellmethewayto____Johnsons,please?

—Sorry,wedon’thave____Johnsonhereinthevillage.

A.the;the B.the;a C./;the D.the;/7.用于序數(shù)詞和形容詞副詞比較級最高級前Heisthetallerofthetwochildren.8.用于國家黨派等以及江河湖海，山川群島的名詞前theUnitedStates,theCommunistPartyofChina,theFrench9.用于表示發(fā)明物的單數(shù)名詞前ThecompasswasinventedinChina.10.在逢十的復(fù)數(shù)數(shù)詞之前，指世紀的某個年代inthe1990’s(二十世紀九十年代)11.用于表示度量單位的名詞前Ihiredthecarbythehour.12.用于方位名詞，身體部位名詞Hepattedmeontheshoulder.13.與比較級和最高級連用①比較級+and+比較級表示“越來越……”

Theharderheworks,thehappierhefeels.②表示兩者間“較……的一個”比較級前加the。Whoistheolderofthetowboys?③三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度時，用“the+最高級”的結(jié)構(gòu)表示。這種句式一般常有表示比較范圍的介詞短語。ZhangHuaisthetallestofthethree.1.專有名詞，物質(zhì)名詞，抽象名詞，人名地名等名詞前BeijingUniversity,Jack,2.名詞前有this,my,whose,some,no,each,every等限制Iwantthisbook,notthatone./Whosepurseisthis?3.季節(jié)，月份，星期，節(jié)假日，一日三餐前March,Sunday,NationalDay,spring4.表示職位，身份，頭銜的名詞前LincolnwasmadePresidentofAmerica.5.表示球類，棋類等運動的名詞前Helikesplayingfootball/chess.6.與by連用表示交通方式的名詞前Wewentrightroundtothewestcoastby______seainsteadofdrivingacross______continent.A.the;the B.不填；the C.the;不填 D.不填；不填7.以and連接的兩個相對的名詞并用時husbandandwife,knifeandfork,dayandnight8.表示泛指的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前Horsesareusefulanimals.冠詞一般放在名詞之前，名詞之前若有形容詞，冠詞放在形容詞之前。下列情況例外：1.不定冠詞用于下列副詞加形容詞之后：as,how,however,so,too等。如：Heisasgoodasoldierashewas.他和以前一樣是個好士兵。2.不定冠詞置于such,what,many,not,too,muchof等之后。如：Manyalittlepicklemakesanickel.積少成多。3.定冠詞通常放在all,both,double,exactly,just等詞之后。如：Iofferedhimdoubletheamount，buthestillrefused.4.不定冠詞常用于quite和rather之后，但如果另有形容詞修飾時，不定冠詞既可放在第二位，也可放在第一位，但最常見的仍是第二位。如：Sheisquiteawoman.她真是個女人。Itwasquite/ratheracoldday.很冷的一天(同Itwasaquite/rathercoldday.)5.當名詞前的比較級被no，all，far，much等修飾時，也要后置。如：HeisnolessamanthanthePresident.6.定冠詞要放在half,twice,much等之后。如：Hepaidtwicethepriceforit.他花了兩倍的錢買了它。7.如果名詞被副詞hardly，scarcely，barely，exactly所修飾，或和一個形容詞共同修飾時，冠詞要放在上述副詞之后、形容詞之前。如：Thisishardlyarightthingtodo.這幾乎是不能做的事。冠詞是歷年高考的常考點。主要考查冠詞在具體語境中的運用，考查內(nèi)容包括定冠詞和不定冠詞的用法區(qū)別，名詞前不用冠詞的情況，特指與泛指以及習(xí)語中的冠詞用法。①Howabouttaking_____shortbreak?Iwanttomake_____call.A.the;aB.a;theC.the;the D.a;a【解析】②Christmasis_____specialholidaywhen_____wholefamilyaresupposedtogettogether.A.the;theB.a;a C.the;a D.a;the【解析】①Ilookedunder_____bedandfoundbooksIlostlastweek.A.the;aB.the；theC.不填；theD.the;不填【解析】②Ilike_____colorofyourskirt.Itisgoodmatchforyourblouse.A.a;theB.a;aC.the;aD.the;the【解析】①Georgecouldn’trememberwhenhefirstmetMr.Anderson,buthewassureitwasSundaybecauseeverybodywasatchurch.A./;theB.the;/C.a;/D./;a【解析】②Manypeoplehavecometorealizethattheyshouldgoon_____balanceddietandmakeroomintheirdayforexercise.A.a;/ B.the;aC.the;the D./;a【解析】①Manypeoplehavecometorealizethattheyshouldgoonbalanceddietandmakeroomintheirdayforexercise.A.a;不填 B.the;a C.the;the D.不填;a【解析】②—Howabout_____Christmaseveningparty?—Ishouldsayitwas_____success.A.a;a B.the;aC.a;不填 D.the;不填【解析】①Wewentrightroundtothewestcoastbyseainsteadofdrivingacrosscontinent.A.the;the B.不填;theC.the;不填D.不填;不填【解析】②Georgecouldn’trememberwhenhefirstmetMr.Anderson,buthewassureitwasSundaybecauseeverybodywasatchurch.A./;the B.the;/ C.a;/ D./;a【解析】類似的詞組：byday在白天 bytheday按天計算incaseof以防 inthecaseof就……來說inchargeof負責(zé)，管理 inthechargeof由……負責(zé)inoffice執(zhí)政 intheoffice在辦公室insight(of)看見 inthesight(of)在……看來gotosea去當水手 gotothesea到海邊去outofquestion毫無疑問 outofthequestion不可能takeadvice征求意見 taketheadvice聽從勸告beofage成年 beofallage同齡gotochurch去做禮拜 gotothechurch去教堂inprison坐牢 intheprison在監(jiān)獄特別提示：當?shù)攸c名詞表示地點時，其前用定冠詞；表示在這一地點所發(fā)生的活動時，其前不加冠詞。如：Hewenttothebedandfetchedmeamagazinebeforehewenttobed.他睡覺前到床邊給我拿了本雜志。2009年1.（安徽卷）Wecanneverexpectbluerskyunlesswecreatelesspollutedworld.A.a;a B.a;the C.the;a D.the;the【答案】【解析】2.（北京卷）Thebiggestwhaleis___bluewhale,whichgrowstobeabout29meterslong—theheightof____9-storybuilding.A.the;the B.a;a C.a;the D.the;a【答案】【解析】3.（江西卷）Somepeoplefearthat________airpollutionmaybringaboutchangesin_______weatheraroundtheworld.A.不填;the B.the;不填 C.an;the D.the;a【答案】【解析】4.（海南卷）Let’sgotocinema-that’lltakeyourmindofftheproblemforwhileA.the;the B.the;aC.a;the D.a;a【答案】【解析】5.（陜西卷）Whatpitythatyoucouldn’tbetheretoreceiveprize!A.a;a B.the;a C.a;the D.the;the【答案】【解析】6.（四川卷）Inordertofind_______betterjob,hedecidedtostudy_________secondforeignlanguage.A.the;a B.a;a C.the;the D.a;the【答案】【解析】7.Idon’tunderstandwhattheengineermeans,butI’vegot______roughideaof_____projectplan.（浙江卷）A.the;a B.不填;the C.the;不填 D.a;the【答案】【解析】8.（重慶卷）WashingmachinesmadebyChinahavewonworldwideattentionandHaierhasbecomepopularname.A.a;the

B.不填;a C.不填;the

D.the;a【答案】【解析】9.（全國卷II）WhatIneedisbookthatcontainsABCofoilpainting.A.a;不填B.the;不填C.the;anD.a;the【答案】【解析】10.(遼寧卷)ThisareaexperiencedheaviestrainfallinmonthofMay.A不填;aBa;theCthe;theDthe;a【答案】【解析】2010年1.(北京卷)Firstimpressionsarethemostlasting.Afterall,youneverget__secondchancetomake__firstimpression.A.a;the B.the;the C.a;a D.the;a【答案】【解析】2.(福建卷)It’sgoodfeelingforpeopletoadmiretheShanghaiworldexpothatgivesthempleasure.A.不填，a B.a,不填 C.the,a D.a,the【答案】【解析】3.(江蘇卷)Thevisitorsherearegreatlyimpressedbythefactthat_______peoplefromallwalksoflifeareworkinghardfor_____newJiangsu.A.不填;a B.不填;the C.the;a D.the;the【答案】【解析】4.(遼寧卷)Thereareover58,000rockyobjectsin_______space,about900ofwhichcouldfalldownonto_______earth.A.the;the B.不填;the C.the;不填 D.a;the【答案】【解析】5.(山東卷)Ifwesitnear_______frontofthebus,we’llhave_______betterview.A.不填;the B.不填;a C.the;a D.the;the【答案】【解析】6.(四川卷)Inmostcountries,auniversitydegreecangiveyouflyingstartinlife.A.the;a B.the;不填C.不填;不填D.不填;a【答案】【解析】7.(浙江卷)Manylifestylepatternsdosuch__greatharmtohealththattheyactuallyspeedup__weakeningofthehumanbody.A.a;不填 B.不填;the C.a;the D.不填;不填【答案】【解析】8.(重慶卷)Everythingcomeswithprice;thereisnosuchthingasfreelunchintheworld.A.a,a B.the,不填C.the,不填 D.a,不填【答案】【解析】2011年1.（新課標卷）Itisgenerallyacceptedthat_______boymustlearntostandupandfightlike________man.A.a;aB.a;theC.the;theD.a;不填【答案】【解析】2.（大綱卷）Ashereached________frontdoor,Jacksaw_______strangesight.A.the;不填 B.a;theC.不填；aD.the;a【答案】【解析】3.（山東卷）Takeyourtime—it’sjust_______shortdistancefromhereto_______restaurant.A.不填；the B.a;the C.the;a D.不填；a【答案】【解析】4.（江西卷）—It’ssaidJohnwillbeinajobpayingover$60,000______year.—Right,hewillalsogetpaidby________week.A.the;the B.a;the C.the;a D.a;a【答案】【解析】5.（浙江卷）Expertsthinkthat______recentlydiscoveredpaintingmaybe______Picasso.A.the;不填 B.a;the C.a;不填 D.the;a【答案】【解析】6.（四川卷）Dr.PeterSpence,headmasteroftheschool,toldus,“fifthofpupilsheregoontostudyatOxfordandCambridge.”A.不填；AB.不填；TheC.the;TheD.a;A【答案】【解析】7.（陜西卷）Asisknowntoall,People’sRepublicofChinaisbiggestdevelopingcountryintheworld.A.the;不填B.不填；the C.the；the D.不填；不填【答案】【解析】8.（重慶卷）Incommunication,asmileisusually________strongsignofafriendlyand_______openattitude.A.the,不填B.a,anC.a,不填 D.the,an【答案】【解析】1.Thereportsaidthatabuswentoutofcontrolonhighwaysouthofthecityarerushedintoariver.A.the;the B.不填;the C.the;不填 D.不填;不填【答案】【解析】2.Because____unemploymentisveryhighatpresent,it'snoteasyforafreshgraduatetofind____satisfyingjobashewishes.A.the;不填 B.不填;a C.an;a D.an;the【答案】【解析】3.一Myflightwasdelayedbecauseof________heavyrain.—Butyouarejustin______________timeforthediscussion.A.the;a

B.a;the

C.不填;不填 D.the;不填【答案】【解析】4.Idon’tthinktheexperimentis______failure.Atleastwehavegained______experienceforfuturesuccess.A.不填;the B.a;the C.a;不填 D.不填;不填【答案】【解析】5.By________nature,youareanadventurer,fullofamazementandcuriosityabout_________worldbiggerthanlifeitself.A.a;the B.the;the C.不填;a D.the;不填【答案】【解析】6.Jackhad________feelingofexcitementwhenhearinghisarticlehadbeenpublishedin________schoolmagazine.A.the;a B.a;the C.不填;the D.the;不填【答案】【解析】7.Igot________badtoothacheyesterday，whichkeptmeawake________wholenight.A.a;the B.不填;a C.the;a D.a;不填【答案】【解析】8.Chinais________vastcountrywhichishometo________amazingvarietyoflandscapes，plantsandanimals.A.the;the B.a;the C.the;an D.a;an【答案】【解析】9.—Anyoneinmindforthisposition？WhataboutJack?—Hemaybeagoodfriend,butbusinessisbusiness.Heisnot________manfor________job.A.a;a B.the;the C.a;the D.the;a【答案】【解析】10.Weallhold________beliefthatthosewhohave________wonderfulsenseofhumoraremorepopular.A.the;a B.不填;不填 C.the;不填 D.a;the【答案】【解析】11.________WorldExpoisregardedastheOlympicGamesoftheeconomy,scienceandtechnology,________expertsaid.A.A;an B.The;an C.The;a D.A;the【答案】【解析】12.Iwastoldthat________10∶15flightwouldtakeustoShanghaiintimetoreach________FudanA.the;不填 B.the;a C.a;the D.不填;the【答案】【解析】13.Thestudentsw